World Series

The World Series is the championship series of Major League Baseball in the United States and Canada, the culmination of the sport's postseason each October. It is played between the pennant winner of the American League and the pennant winner of the National League. The Series winner is determined through a best-of-seven playoff (except in 1903, 1919, 1920 and 1921 when the winner was determined through a best-of-nine playoff) and is awarded the World Series Trophy, as well as World Series rings. Baseball has employed various championship formulas since the 1850s. The modern World Series has been an annual event since 1903, with the exceptions of 1904 and 1994.

The New York Yankees have the most World Series titles, with 26 championships through the 2005 season. Eight teams, all established since 1961, have never won a World Series title: the Texas Rangers, Houston Astros, San Diego Padres, Washington Nationals, Milwaukee Brewers, Seattle Mariners, Colorado Rockies, and Tampa Bay Devil Rays. Of those eight teams, only three have appeared in the Series: Milwaukee, San Diego, and Houston. The Chicago Cubs have gone the longest between titles, having last won the World Series in 1908.

Introduction

The first two games of the series are played in the home ballpark of the team awarded home-field advantage; the next three are in the other team's ballpark, and the final two, if necessary, are back in the first team's ballpark. That has been the pattern since 1924, with the exception of World War II, when travel restrictions were in place. Until 2003, the team given the home-field advantage was switched every year between the American League and the National League. Starting with the 2003 World Series, the league that wins the mid-season All-Star Game has been awarded home-field advantage.

Since 1986, the designated hitter rule has been applied based on the rules normally in effect at the home ballpark. In an American League ballpark, both teams use a designated hitter to hit for the pitcher. In a National League ballpark, both team's pitchers must hit. From 1975 through 1985, the designated hitter was used for all games in even-numbered years, and was not used in any games in odd-numbered years. The designated hitter was not used at all prior to the 1975 Series, although the DH rule had been adopted by the AL in 1973.

A portion of the gate receipts from the World Series — and, from 1969 onward, the other rounds of postseason play preceding it — is used to fund a Players' Pool, from which descending shares are distributed to the World Series winner, the World Series loser, all the other teams qualifying for the playoffs which did not reach the World Series, and certain other teams which did not qualify for the playoffs, the criteria for the latter changing at various times. Prior to 1969, teams finishing in the first division, or top half of the leagues' standings, received such shares; today, only the teams finishing in second place in their division but not earning a wild card receive them, because there are more divisions with each having fewer teams. The shares for the actual participants are limited to the gate receipts of the minimum number of games necessary to play the series. That rule has been in place from the beginning, to keep the games "honest".

The "World" appellation has stuck despite the fact that only teams in the two major leagues, which happen to cover only the United States and Canada, actually participate. At the time the term was first used, baseball at the major league level was only played in the United States. While some would contend that there is no reason to believe that the World Series winner is a significantly better team than any club team outside Major League Baseball, no challenges have been made by other leagues. Moreover, virtually all of the best international players — from the Pacific Rim, Latin America, the Caribbean, and elsewhere — play on Major League rosters, with the notable exception of Cuban nationals.

The World Series winners have occasionally played winter exhibition series against the best players of other leagues around the world, such as Japan. Sometimes the Japanese have gained the upper hand in those series; but since they are only exhibitions, their results cannot be regarded as conclusive. Attempts to pit the North American champions against champions in the Japanese or Latin American leagues in a truly meaningful way have, so far, not succeeded.

A persistent myth is that the "World" in "World Series" came about because the New York World newspaper sponsored it. Baseball researcher Doug Pappas refutes that claim, demonstrating a linear progression from the phrase "World's Championship Series" (used to describe the 1903 series as well as some of the 19th-century postseason series) to "World's Series" (a term first used in the 1880s and which persisted for decades) to "World Series". Furthermore, investigation of the New York World for the relevant years revealed no evidence of the supposed sponsorship. (For details, see Mr. Pappas' web page on the subject.)

In deference to any controversy, more and more the term "World Series Championship" is being used, the subtlety being that it is merely a title and not a political statement.

Baseball tournaments between international teams do occur, notably at the world championships and at the Olympic Games. The United States sends a team of minor league players to the Summer Olympics, as it takes place during the regular Major League season. At the 2004 Summer Olympics the United States was not represented at all, since its team of minor league players did not survive the qualifying rounds. The International Baseball Federation (IBAF) has lobbied MLB to suspend play during the Summer Olympics, so that MLB players could compete for their respective national teams, and has agreed to shorten the Olympic tournament if MLB agrees to freeing its players. According to the IBAF chairman, such a move would do more for popularizing baseball around the world than any amount of money spent by the MLB for its current worldwide marketing.

Recently, Major League Baseball officially revealed its plans for the World Baseball Classic, to be held in March 2006. It will be the first international baseball competition to feature Major League players. In light of the International Olympic Committee recently voting baseball out of the Summer Games as a medal sport, this competition hopes to prove to the IOC that baseball is truly an international game. Many major leaguers have expressed interest in playing in such a competition, including Miguel Tejada of the Baltimore Orioles (Dominican Republic), Dontrelle Willis of the Florida Marlins (United States), Carlos Lee of the Milwaukee Brewers (Panama), and Andruw Jones of the Atlanta Braves (from the Dutch island of Curaçao). The tournament will be held in sites around North America, Central America, and Asia. Teams will be split into four groups of four and play a round robin schedule, with the top two teams from each group advancing to the next round. Many of the major baseball playing nations have committed to participating (the United States, Dominican Republic, Japan, Mexico, South Korea, etc.). Commissioner Bud Selig, among others, has high hopes that this tournament could be as big as soccer's World Cup.

The term World Series has since been appropriated by other championships, such as the College World Series, the Little League World Series, the World Series of Golf, the World Series of Poker, the World Series of Birding and the World Series of Martial Arts. World Series Cricket was a short-lived but influential cricket competition.

Precursors to the World Series (1857-1901)

The following are teams that played an earlier version of the "World's Championship Series" or otherwise claimed the national championship "Pennant".

National Association of Baseball Players (Amateur -> Professional)

  • 1857 Brooklyn Atlantics
  • 1858 New York Mutuals
  • 1859 Brooklyn Atlantics
  • 1860 Brooklyn Atlantics
  • 1861 Brooklyn Atlantics
  • 1862 Brooklyn Eckfords
  • 1863 Brooklyn Eckfords
  • 1864 Brooklyn Atlantics
  • 1865 Brooklyn Atlantics
  • 1866 Brooklyn Atlantics
  • 1867 Morrisania Unions
  • 1868 New York Mutuals
  • 1869 Brooklyn Atlantics
  • 1870 Chicago White Stockings

National Association of Professional Baseball Players

  • 1871 Philadelphia Athletics
  • 1872 Boston Red Stockings
  • 1873 Boston Red Stockings
  • 1874 Boston Red Stockings
  • 1875 Boston Red Stockings

National League

  • 1876 Chicago White Stockings
  • 1877 Boston Red Caps
  • 1878 Boston Red Caps
  • 1879 Providence Grays
  • 1880 Chicago White Stockings
  • 1881 Chicago White Stockings

National League vs. American Association

  • 1882 Chicago White Stockings NL, Cincinnati Reds AA - 2 game Series, each club wins 1
  • 1883 Boston Beaneaters NL, Philadelphia AA - Philadelphia cancels scheduled Series after losing "City Series" to Phillies.
  • 1884 Providence Grays NL, Metropolitan [New York] AA - 3 game series, Providence wins all 3, 60-game winner Old Hoss Radbourn pitches every inning
  • 1885 Chicago White Stockings NL, St. Louis Browns AA - 6 game Series, ends in dispute
  • 1886 St. Louis Browns AA win 4, Chicago White Stockings NL win 2
  • 1887 Detroit Wolverines NL win 10, St. Louis Browns AA win 5
  • 1888 New York Giants NL win 6, St. Louis Browns AA win 2
  • 1889 New York Giants NL win 6, Brooklyn Bridegrooms AA win 3
  • 1890 Brooklyn Bridegrooms NL, Louisville Colonels AA - each win 3, no resolution
  • 1891 Boston Beaneaters NL, Boston Reds AA - NL instructs Beaneaters not to play Series as leagues discuss restructuring

National League

  • 1892 Boston Beaneaters win 5, Cleveland Spiders win 0 - split-season championship
  • 1893 Boston Beaneaters - no Series
  • 1894 New York Giants win 4, Baltimore Orioles win 0 - Temple Cup Series
  • 1895 Cleveland Spiders win 4, Baltimore Orioles win 1 - Temple Cup Series
  • 1896 Baltimore Orioles win 4, Cleveland Spiders win 0 - Temple Cup Series
  • 1897 Baltimore Orioles win 4, Boston Beaneaters win 1 - Temple Cup Series
  • 1898 Boston Beaneaters - no Series
  • 1899 Brooklyn Superbas - no Series
  • 1900 Brooklyn Superbas win 4, Pittsburgh Pirates win 1 - Chronicle-Telegraph Cup Series

National League - American League

  • 1901 Pittsburgh Pirates NL, Chicago White Sox AL - no Series
  • 1902 Pittsburgh Pirates NL, Philadelphia Athletics AL - no Series

The modern World Series (1903-present)

Crowd outside the 1903 World Series

The first attempt

1903 World Series Poster mockup (the team was not actually called the Red Sox until 1908)

After two years of bitter competition and player raiding, the National and American Leagues made peace and, as part of the accord, several pairs of teams squared off for interleague exhibition games after the 1903 regular season. These series were arranged by the individual teams, not by the leagues directly, the same as the 1880s World's Series matches had been. One of these series at the end of 1903 was a meeting between the two pennant winners and is known as the 1903 World Series. It had been arranged well in advance by the owners of the respective teams, as both were league leaders by large margins.

The boycott of 1904

The 1904 Series would have been between the AL's Boston Americans and the NL's New York Giants. The Giants' owner, John T. Brush, refused to allow his team to play, citing the "inferiority" of the upstart American League. At the time of the announcement, their new cross-town rivals, the Highlanders, were leading the AL. Boston won on the last day of the season, but Brush stuck to his original decision. Brush also cited the lack of rules under which the games would be played and how the money would be split. During the winter of 1904/05, however, feeling the sting of press criticism, Brush saw the light and proposed what came to be known as the "Brush Rules", under which the series would be played over subsequent years.

One rule was that player shares would come from gate receipts from the first four games only. This was to discourage teams from throwing early games in order to prolong the series and make more money. Receipts for later games were split among the two teams and the National Commission, the governing body for the sport, which was able to cover much of its annual operating expenses from World Series revenue.

Most importantly, the now-official (and compulsory) World's Series match was to be operated strictly by the National Commission itself, not on the whims of individual teams.

The list of post-season rules evolved over time. In 1925, Brooklyn owner Charles Ebbets convinced owners to adopt the current 2-3-2 system of scheduling World Series games (one team would host the first two games, the other team would host the next three, and the first team would host the last two if necessary; the leagues alternated which representative would host the first games), already used in the 1924 Series, as a permanent rule. Prior to 1924, the pattern generally had been to alternate, or to make other arrangements convenient to both clubs.

Highlights and lowlights

  • 1905 - New York Giants' Christy Mathewson became the first World Series hero after pitching three complete game shutouts.
  • 1908 - Chicago Cubs won their last championship to date.
  • 1919 - Cincinnati Reds' championship was tainted by the Black Sox scandal.
  • 1920 - Cleveland Indians' victory was punctuated by Bill Wambsganss who turned the only postseason unassisted triple play.
  • 1923 - New York Yankees won their first championship.
  • 1932 - New York Yankees dominated behind Babe Ruth's Called Shot.
  • 1946 - St. Louis Cardinals won on Enos Slaughter's mad dash in Game 7.
  • 1954 - New York Giants won championship after Willie Mays made The Catch.
  • 1956 - New York Yankees' championship included Don Larsen pitching the only postseason perfect game.
  • 1960 - Pittsburgh Pirates won on Bill Mazeroski's Game 7 walk-off home run (the only Game 7 walk-off home run).
  • 1962 - New York Yankees won a Series decided by Willie McCovey's line drive.
  • 1975 - Boston Red Sox' Carlton Fisk's riveting Game 6 walk-off home run was not enough to break their curse.
  • 1976 - Cincinnati Reds swept entire postseason.
  • 1977 - New York Yankees won on Reggie Jackson's Game 6 heroics.
  • 1980 - Philadelphia Phillies won their first championship after nearly a century in existence.
  • 1985 - Kansas City Royals' elimination averted in Game 6 with the assistance of an umpire's blown call.
  • 1986 - New York Mets' elimination averted in Game 6 with the assistance of Bill Buckner's infamous error.
  • 1988 - Los Angeles Dodgers propelled to victory by Kirk Gibson's shocking Game 1 walk-off home run.
  • 1989 - Series interrupted by the Loma Prieta earthquake.
  • 1993 - Toronto Blue Jays won on a Game 6 walk-off home run by Joe Carter.
  • 1994 - World Series cancelled due to strike.
  • 2004 - Boston Red Sox broke their curse winning for the first time since 1918.
  • 2005 - Chicago White Sox broke their curse winning for the first time since 1917.

List of modern World Series

Denotes wild-card team (since 1995).

Deficits overcome

Trivia

  • The New York Yankees have won two or more championships in seven different decades - 1920s, 1930s, 1940s, 1950s, 1960s, 1970s and 1990s.
  • The New York Giants' four consecutive World Series appearances from 1921 to 1924 are the most for any non-Yankees franchise.
  • The Oakland Athletics' three consecutive World Series victories from 1972 to 1974 are the most for any non-Yankees franchise.
  • The 1921-1922 Giants and 1975-1976 Reds are the only National League teams to win two straight World Series.
  • From 1949 to 1956, every Series game was won by a team from New York City.
  • From 1949 to 1966, every Series involved the Yankees, Dodgers and/or Giants.
  • From 1978 to 1987, no franchise won the World Series twice, the longest such streak.
  • At 82-79 (.503), the 1973 New York Mets had the lowest winning percentage of any World Series team.
  • The 1906 World Series featured two franchises that had never appeared in the World Series. Amazingly, that has not happened since.
  • The 1908 World Series holds the record for poorest attendance including the record-low 6,210 in the finale.
  • The 1949 World Series featured the first Series game finished under lights.
  • The 1970 World Series featured the first Series game on artificial turf.
  • The 1971 World Series featured the first Series game scheduled under lights.
  • The 1976 World Series was the first Series to use the designated hitter rule.
  • Babe Ruth twice hit three home runs in one Series game (1926 and 1928). Reggie Jackson is the only other player to accomplish the feat (1977).
  • Bobby Richardson is the only player from a losing team to win a Series MVP award (1960).
  • Darold Knowles is the only pitcher to appear in every game of a seven-game World Series (1973).

Image gallery

References

  • World Series.com - official website
  • Sporting News: History of the World Series
  • Baseball Almanac: World Series
  • Glory Fades Away: The Nineteenth Century World Series Rediscovered, Jerry Lansch, 1991.

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Denotes wild-card team (since 1995).. Source: Steeler's All-Time Roster by Jersey Number. Prior to 1924, the pattern generally had been to alternate, or to make other arrangements convenient to both clubs.
. In 1925, Brooklyn owner Charles Ebbets convinced owners to adopt the current 2-3-2 system of scheduling World Series games (one team would host the first two games, the other team would host the next three, and the first team would host the last two if necessary; the leagues alternated which representative would host the first games), already used in the 1924 Series, as a permanent rule. Other Hall-of-Famers associated with Steelers. The list of post-season rules evolved over time. Elected on the basis of performance with Steelers.

Most importantly, the now-official (and compulsory) World's Series match was to be operated strictly by the National Commission itself, not on the whims of individual teams. ^At the end of the 2005 NFL season, the Steelers All-Time Record is 523-502-21 (including playoffs). Receipts for later games were split among the two teams and the National Commission, the governing body for the sport, which was able to cover much of its annual operating expenses from World Series revenue. Note: W = Wins, L = Losses, T = Ties. This was to discourage teams from throwing early games in order to prolong the series and make more money. Needing a way to excite the fans during a 1975 playoff game against the Baltimore Colts, Cope urged fans to take yellow dish towels to the game and wave them throughout. One rule was that player shares would come from gate receipts from the first four games only. The "Terrible Towel" is a gimmick created by Myron Cope, a broadcaster, for the Steelers.

During the winter of 1904/05, however, feeling the sting of press criticism, Brush saw the light and proposed what came to be known as the "Brush Rules", under which the series would be played over subsequent years. Since the late 1990s, each player has worn a Steelers logo patch on left side of his jersey. Brush also cited the lack of rules under which the games would be played and how the money would be split. The helmet is solid black with a gold central stripe and small white uniform numbers on the forehead. Boston won on the last day of the season, but Brush stuck to his original decision. The design consists of gold pants and either black jerseys or white jerseys. At the time of the announcement, their new cross-town rivals, the Highlanders, were leading the AL. The Steelers started to use the uniform design that they wear today since the late 1960s.

Brush, refused to allow his team to play, citing the "inferiority" of the upstart American League. [1][2] A year after introducing the logo, they switched to black helmets to make it stand out more. The Giants' owner, John T. (It's also been rumored the team's longtime equipment manager, Jack Hart, wasn't happy with slapping the logo on so many helmets and refused to do both sides). The 1904 Series would have been between the AL's Boston Americans and the NL's New York Giants. At first, it was a test to see how the logo appeared on their gold helmets, but its popularity led the team to leave it that way permanently. It had been arranged well in advance by the owners of the respective teams, as both were league leaders by large margins. The Steelers are the only NFL team that puts their logo on only one side of the helmet (the right side).

One of these series at the end of 1903 was a meeting between the two pennant winners and is known as the 1903 World Series. While the "Steelmark" logo only contains the word "Steel", the Steelers were given special permission to add "-ers". These series were arranged by the individual teams, not by the leagues directly, the same as the 1880s World's Series matches had been. The original meanings behind the astroids were, "Steel lightens your work, brightens your leisure and widens your world" and later the colors came to represent the ingredients of steel, the yellow representing coal; the orange, ore; and the blue, steel scrap. After two years of bitter competition and player raiding, the National and American Leagues made peace and, as part of the accord, several pairs of teams squared off for interleague exhibition games after the 1903 regular season. It consists of the word "Steelers" surrounded by three astroids (hypocycloids of four cusps). National League - American League. Steel, by Cleveland, Ohio based Republic Steel, and now owned by AISI.

National League. The Steelers logo was then introduced in 1962, and is based on the "Steelmark", originally designed for U.S. American Association. Unlike most other cities, the colors are currently also used by the Pittsburgh Pirates baseball team and the Pittsburgh Penguins hockey team, making it the official team colors of every professional sports team in the city. National League vs. Originally, the team wore solid gold helmets and black jerseys. National League. The Steelers have used black and gold as it colors since the 1950s.

National Association of Professional Baseball Players. With their Super Bowl XL victory, the Steelers became the first sixth-seeded playoff team, since the NFL expanded to a 12-team postseason tournament in 1990, to win the Super Bowl. National Association of Baseball Players (Amateur -> Professional). Overall, Cowher has taken his team to the playoffs in 10 out of his 14 seasons, including appearances in Super Bowl XXX in 1996 and the franchise's record-tying fifth Super Bowl win in Super Bowl XL in 2006. The following are teams that played an earlier version of the "World's Championship Series" or otherwise claimed the national championship "Pennant". Cowher led the Steelers to the playoffs in each of his first six seasons as coach, a feat that had only previously been accomplished by legendary coach Paul Brown of the Cleveland Browns. World Series Cricket was a short-lived but influential cricket competition. In 1992 Chuck Noll retired and was succeeded by Kansas City Chiefs defensive coordinator Bill Cowher, a native of the Pittsburgh suburb of Crafton.

The term World Series has since been appropriated by other championships, such as the College World Series, the Little League World Series, the World Series of Golf, the World Series of Poker, the World Series of Birding and the World Series of Martial Arts. Mean Joe Greene retired after the 1981 season, Lynn Swann and Jack Ham after 1982, Terry Bradshaw and Mel Blount after 1983, and Jack Lambert after 1984. Commissioner Bud Selig, among others, has high hopes that this tournament could be as big as soccer's World Cup. The team was then hit with the retirements of all their key players from the Super Bowl years. Many of the major baseball playing nations have committed to participating (the United States, Dominican Republic, Japan, Mexico, South Korea, etc.). 1981 was no better, with an 8-8 showing. Teams will be split into four groups of four and play a round robin schedule, with the top two teams from each group advancing to the next round. The Steelers suffered a rash of injuries in the 1980 season and missed the playoffs with a 9-7 record.

The tournament will be held in sites around North America, Central America, and Asia. This group of players formed the base of one of the greatest teams in NFL history, making the playoffs 8 seasons in a row and winning 4 Super Bowls. Many major leaguers have expressed interest in playing in such a competition, including Miguel Tejada of the Baltimore Orioles (Dominican Republic), Dontrelle Willis of the Florida Marlins (United States), Carlos Lee of the Milwaukee Brewers (Panama), and Andruw Jones of the Atlanta Braves (from the Dutch island of Curaçao). Noll's most remarkable talent was in his draft selections, taking Hall of Famers "Mean" Joe Greene in 1969, Terry Bradshaw and Mel Blount in 1970, Jack Ham in 1971, Franco Harris in 1972, and finally, in 1974, the best draft in Steelers history, pulled the incredible feat of selecting four Hall of Famers in one draft year, Mike Webster, Lynn Swann, John Stallworth and Jack Lambert. In light of the International Olympic Committee recently voting baseball out of the Summer Games as a medal sport, this competition hopes to prove to the IOC that baseball is truly an international game. Their luck changed with the hiring of coach Chuck Noll. It will be the first international baseball competition to feature Major League players. That would be Pittsburgh's last playoff game for 25 years.

Recently, Major League Baseball officially revealed its plans for the World Baseball Classic, to be held in March 2006. This forced a tie-breaking playoff game at Forbes Field, which the Steelers lost 21-0. According to the IBAF chairman, such a move would do more for popularizing baseball around the world than any amount of money spent by the MLB for its current worldwide marketing. The Steelers made the playoffs for the first time in 1947, tying for first place in the division at 8-4 with the Philadelphia Eagles. The International Baseball Federation (IBAF) has lobbied MLB to suspend play during the Summer Olympics, so that MLB players could compete for their respective national teams, and has agreed to shorten the Olympic tournament if MLB agrees to freeing its players. In 1944 they merged with the Chicago Cardinals and were known as "Card-Pitt" and informally known as the "Car-Pitts" or "Carpets". At the 2004 Summer Olympics the United States was not represented at all, since its team of minor league players did not survive the qualifying rounds. This team went 5-4-1.

The United States sends a team of minor league players to the Summer Olympics, as it takes place during the regular Major League season. During the 1943 season, they merged with the Philadelphia Eagles forming the "Phil-Pitt Eagles" and were known as the "Steagles". Baseball tournaments between international teams do occur, notably at the world championships and at the Olympic Games. They twice merged with other NFL franchises in order to field a team. In deference to any controversy, more and more the term "World Series Championship" is being used, the subtlety being that it is merely a title and not a political statement. During World War II, the Steelers experienced player shortages. Pappas' web page on the subject.). But the team maintained a long history of futility for the next three decades.

(For details, see Mr. In 1941, the team was renamed the Steelers after the city's prominence as a steel-making center. Furthermore, investigation of the New York World for the relevant years revealed no evidence of the supposed sponsorship. Supreme Court to what was at the time the biggest contract in NFL history, but he only played one year with the Pirates before signing with the Detroit Lions. Baseball researcher Doug Pappas refutes that claim, demonstrating a linear progression from the phrase "World's Championship Series" (used to describe the 1903 series as well as some of the 19th-century postseason series) to "World's Series" (a term first used in the 1880s and which persisted for decades) to "World Series". Pittsburgh did make history in 1938 by signing Byron White, a future justice on the U.S. A persistent myth is that the "World" in "World Series" came about because the New York World newspaper sponsored it. Through the 1930s the Pirates never finished higher than second place in their division, or with a record better than .500 (1936).

Attempts to pit the North American champions against champions in the Japanese or Latin American leagues in a truly meaningful way have, so far, not succeeded. The Pittsburgh NFL team first took to the field on September 20, 1933, losing 23-2 to the New York Giants. Sometimes the Japanese have gained the upper hand in those series; but since they are only exhibitions, their results cannot be regarded as conclusive. . The World Series winners have occasionally played winter exhibition series against the best players of other leagues around the world, such as Japan. The team was renamed the Steelers in 1941 after the city's prominent steel industry to reflect the "blue collar" work ethic of the many Pittsburgh fans. Moreover, virtually all of the best international players — from the Pacific Rim, Latin America, the Caribbean, and elsewhere — play on Major League rosters, with the notable exception of Cuban nationals. paid a $2,500 fee.

While some would contend that there is no reason to believe that the World Series winner is a significantly better team than any club team outside Major League Baseball, no challenges have been made by other leagues. Originally named the Pittsburgh Pirates, the team along with the Philadelphia Eagles and the now-defunct Cincinnati Reds football team joined the NFL as 1933 expansion teams, after Art Rooney, Sr. At the time the term was first used, baseball at the major league level was only played in the United States. The team has appeared in six Super Bowls, winning five of them, and thirteen Conference Championship Games winning six of them. The "World" appellation has stuck despite the fact that only teams in the two major leagues, which happen to cover only the United States and Canada, actually participate. They currently belong to the Northern Division of the American Football Conference (AFC) in the National Football League (NFL). That rule has been in place from the beginning, to keep the games "honest". The Pittsburgh Steelers are a professional American football team based in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.

The shares for the actual participants are limited to the gate receipts of the minimum number of games necessary to play the series. National Football League (1933-present). Prior to 1969, teams finishing in the first division, or top half of the leagues' standings, received such shares; today, only the teams finishing in second place in their division but not earning a wild card receive them, because there are more divisions with each having fewer teams. Bill Cowher (1992-Present). A portion of the gate receipts from the World Series — and, from 1969 onward, the other rounds of postseason play preceding it — is used to fund a Players' Pool, from which descending shares are distributed to the World Series winner, the World Series loser, all the other teams qualifying for the playoffs which did not reach the World Series, and certain other teams which did not qualify for the playoffs, the criteria for the latter changing at various times. Chuck Noll (1969-1991). The designated hitter was not used at all prior to the 1975 Series, although the DH rule had been adopted by the AL in 1973. Bill Austin (1966-1968).

From 1975 through 1985, the designated hitter was used for all games in even-numbered years, and was not used in any games in odd-numbered years. Mike Nixon (1965). In a National League ballpark, both team's pitchers must hit. Raymond "Buddy" Parker (1957-1964). In an American League ballpark, both teams use a designated hitter to hit for the pitcher. Walt Kiesling (1954-1956). Since 1986, the designated hitter rule has been applied based on the rules normally in effect at the home ballpark. Joe Bach (1952-1953).

Starting with the 2003 World Series, the league that wins the mid-season All-Star Game has been awarded home-field advantage. John Michelosen (1948-1951). Until 2003, the team given the home-field advantage was switched every year between the American League and the National League. Jock Sutherland (1946-1947). That has been the pattern since 1924, with the exception of World War II, when travel restrictions were in place. Jim Leonard (1945). The first two games of the series are played in the home ballpark of the team awarded home-field advantage; the next three are in the other team's ballpark, and the final two, if necessary, are back in the first team's ballpark. Walt Kiesling (1941-1944).

. Bert Bell (1941). The Chicago Cubs have gone the longest between titles, having last won the World Series in 1908. Aldo Donelli (1941). Of those eight teams, only three have appeared in the Series: Milwaukee, San Diego, and Houston. Walt Kiesling (1939-1940). Eight teams, all established since 1961, have never won a World Series title: the Texas Rangers, Houston Astros, San Diego Padres, Washington Nationals, Milwaukee Brewers, Seattle Mariners, Colorado Rockies, and Tampa Bay Devil Rays. John McNally (1937-1939).

The New York Yankees have the most World Series titles, with 26 championships through the 2005 season. Joe Bach (1935-1936). The modern World Series has been an annual event since 1903, with the exceptions of 1904 and 1994. Luby DiMelio (1934). Baseball has employed various championship formulas since the 1850s. Forrest Douds (1933). The Series winner is determined through a best-of-seven playoff (except in 1903, 1919, 1920 and 1921 when the winner was determined through a best-of-nine playoff) and is awarded the World Series Trophy, as well as World Series rings. Josh Miller.

It is played between the pennant winner of the American League and the pennant winner of the National League. Rod Woodson. The World Series is the championship series of Major League Baseball in the United States and Canada, the culmination of the sport's postseason each October. Dwight White. Glory Fades Away: The Nineteenth Century World Series Rediscovered, Jerry Lansch, 1991. Supreme Court Justice). Baseball Almanac: World Series. Byron White (U.S.

Sporting News: History of the World Series. Bobby Walden. World Series.com - official website. Yancy Thigpen. Darold Knowles is the only pitcher to appear in every game of a seven-game World Series (1973). Kordell Stewart. Bobby Richardson is the only player from a losing team to win a Series MVP award (1960). Andy Russell.

Reggie Jackson is the only other player to accomplish the feat (1977). Eric Pegram. Babe Ruth twice hit three home runs in one Series game (1926 and 1928). Actor Ed O'Neill was signed by the Steelers as a free agent in 1969, but was subsequently cut during training camp. The 1976 World Series was the first Series to use the designated hitter rule. Neil O'Donnell. The 1971 World Series featured the first Series game scheduled under lights. Gerry Mullins.

The 1970 World Series featured the first Series game on artificial turf. Bam Morris. The 1949 World Series featured the first Series game finished under lights. Chris Fuamatu-Ma'afala. The 1908 World Series holds the record for poorest attendance including the record-low 6,210 in the finale. Ray Mansfield. Amazingly, that has not happened since. Greg Lloyd.

The 1906 World Series featured two franchises that had never appeared in the World Series. Louis Lipps. At 82-79 (.503), the 1973 New York Mets had the lowest winning percentage of any World Series team. Tim Lester. From 1978 to 1987, no franchise won the World Series twice, the longest such streak. Carnell Lake. From 1949 to 1966, every Series involved the Yankees, Dodgers and/or Giants. Jon Kolb.

From 1949 to 1956, every Series game was won by a team from New York City. Levon Kirkland. The 1921-1922 Giants and 1975-1976 Reds are the only National League teams to win two straight World Series. Ernie Holmes. The Oakland Athletics' three consecutive World Series victories from 1972 to 1974 are the most for any non-Yankees franchise. Merril Hoge. The New York Giants' four consecutive World Series appearances from 1921 to 1924 are the most for any non-Yankees franchise. Greenwood.

The New York Yankees have won two or more championships in seven different decades - 1920s, 1930s, 1940s, 1950s, 1960s, 1970s and 1990s. L.C. 2005 - Chicago White Sox broke their curse winning for the first time since 1917. Kevin Greene. 2004 - Boston Red Sox broke their curse winning for the first time since 1918. Eric Green. 1994 - World Series cancelled due to strike. Joe Gilliam.

1993 - Toronto Blue Jays won on a Game 6 walk-off home run by Joe Carter. Jason Gildon. 1989 - Series interrupted by the Loma Prieta earthquake. Roy Gerela. 1988 - Los Angeles Dodgers propelled to victory by Kirk Gibson's shocking Game 1 walk-off home run. Frenchy Fuqua. 1986 - New York Mets' elimination averted in Game 6 with the assistance of Bill Buckner's infamous error. Barry Foster.

1985 - Kansas City Royals' elimination averted in Game 6 with the assistance of an umpire's blown call. Amos Zereoue. 1980 - Philadelphia Phillies won their first championship after nearly a century in existence. Buddy Dial. 1977 - New York Yankees won on Reggie Jackson's Game 6 heroics. Dermontti Dawson. 1976 - Cincinnati Reds swept entire postseason. Bennie Cunningham.

1975 - Boston Red Sox' Carlton Fisk's riveting Game 6 walk-off home run was not enough to break their curse. Craig Colquitt. 1962 - New York Yankees won a Series decided by Willie McCovey's line drive. Plaxico Burress. 1960 - Pittsburgh Pirates won on Bill Mazeroski's Game 7 walk-off home run (the only Game 7 walk-off home run). Bubby Brister. 1956 - New York Yankees' championship included Don Larsen pitching the only postseason perfect game. Rocky Bleier.

1954 - New York Giants won championship after Willie Mays made The Catch. Kendrell Bell. Louis Cardinals won on Enos Slaughter's mad dash in Game 7. Matt Bahr. 1946 - St. Gary Anderson. 1932 - New York Yankees dominated behind Babe Ruth's Called Shot. Walter Abercrombie.

1923 - New York Yankees won their first championship. Mike Tomczak. 1920 - Cleveland Indians' victory was punctuated by Bill Wambsganss who turned the only postseason unassisted triple play. The number hasn't been used since. 1919 - Cincinnati Reds' championship was tainted by the Black Sox scandal. According to legend, the equipment manager--who assigns jersey numbers to new players--later stripped Seabaugh of the number because the player "wasn't Jack Ham". 1908 - Chicago Cubs won their last championship to date. 59 was used once in 1984 by Todd Seabaugh, who played one season with the team.

1905 - New York Giants' Christy Mathewson became the first World Series hero after pitching three complete game shutouts. Note: After Jack Ham retired, no. 1902 Pittsburgh Pirates NL, Philadelphia Athletics AL - no Series. Used four times officially since Mel Blount's retirement, most recently to safety Scott Shields in 2000. 1901 Pittsburgh Pirates NL, Chicago White Sox AL - no Series. 47 has been issued during the preseason regulary, and on some occasions to the final 53-man roster. 1900 Brooklyn Superbas win 4, Pittsburgh Pirates win 1 - Chronicle-Telegraph Cup Series. Note: No.

1899 Brooklyn Superbas - no Series. 31. 1898 Boston Beaneaters - no Series. Since Donnie Shell's retirement after the 1987 season, Logan is the only Steeler to wear no. 1897 Baltimore Orioles win 4, Boston Beaneaters win 1 - Temple Cup Series. 31 is currently being used by backup safety Mike Logan, a native of the Pittsburgh suburb of McKeesport, Pennsylvania, and is currently in his fifth season with the Steelers. 1896 Baltimore Orioles win 4, Cleveland Spiders win 0 - Temple Cup Series. Note: No.

1895 Cleveland Spiders win 4, Baltimore Orioles win 1 - Temple Cup Series. 75 (Joe Greene). 1894 New York Giants win 4, Baltimore Orioles win 0 - Temple Cup Series. 63 (Dermontti Dawson). 1893 Boston Beaneaters - no Series. 59 (Jack Ham, see below). 1892 Boston Beaneaters win 5, Cleveland Spiders win 0 - split-season championship. 58 (Jack Lambert).

1891 Boston Beaneaters NL, Boston Reds AA - NL instructs Beaneaters not to play Series as leagues discuss restructuring. 52 (Mike Webster). 1890 Brooklyn Bridegrooms NL, Louisville Colonels AA - each win 3, no resolution. 47 (Mel Blount, see below). 1889 New York Giants NL win 6, Brooklyn Bridegrooms AA win 3. 32 (Franco Harris). Louis Browns AA win 2. 31 (Donnie Shell, see below).

1888 New York Giants NL win 6, St. 12 (Terry Bradshaw). Louis Browns AA win 5. However, the Steelers no longer issue the following numbers, which are in essence retired as well:. 1887 Detroit Wolverines NL win 10, St. Are the only officially retired number. Louis Browns AA win 4, Chicago White Stockings NL win 2. Ernie Stautner's #70 And, Jerome Bettis (#36).

1886 St. Myron Cope, Pittsburgh Steelers broadcaster, was awarded the 2005 Pro Football Hall of Fame's Pete Rozelle Radio-Television Award. Louis Browns AA - 6 game Series, ends in dispute. 16 Len Dawson, QB, 1957-59. 1885 Chicago White Stockings NL, St. 36 Marion Motley, RB, 1955. 1884 Providence Grays NL, Metropolitan [New York] AA - 3 game series, Providence wins all 3, 60-game winner Old Hoss Radbourn pitches every inning. 56 Bill Hewitt, TE-DE, 1943 (Steagles).

1883 Boston Beaneaters NL, Philadelphia AA - Philadelphia cancels scheduled Series after losing "City Series" to Phillies. Earle "Greasy" Neale, Co-head coach with Kiesling on 1943 war-forced merged team with Philadelphia, "Steagles". 1882 Chicago White Stockings NL, Cincinnati Reds AA - 2 game Series, each club wins 1. Bert Bell, Co-owner, 1941-46. 1881 Chicago White Stockings. 36 Cal Hubbard, T-DT, 1936. 1880 Chicago White Stockings. "Johnny Blood"), RB, 1934, 1937-38.

1879 Providence Grays. 24 Johnny McNally (a.k.a. 1878 Boston Red Caps. 52 Mike Webster, C, 1974-88. 1877 Boston Red Caps. 82 John Stallworth, WR, 1974-87. 1876 Chicago White Stockings. 58 Jack Lambert, LB, 1974-84.

1875 Boston Red Stockings. 88 Lynn Swann, WR, 1974-82. 1874 Boston Red Stockings. 32 Franco Harris, RB, 1972-83. 1873 Boston Red Stockings. 59 Jack Ham, LB, 1971-82. 1872 Boston Red Stockings. 12 Terry Bradshaw, QB, 1970-83.

1871 Philadelphia Athletics. 47 Mel Blount, CB, 1970-83. 1870 Chicago White Stockings. 75 "Mean" Joe Greene, DT, 1969-81. 1869 Brooklyn Atlantics. Chuck Noll, Head Coach, 1969-91. 1868 New York Mutuals. 35 John Henry Johnson, RB, 1960-65.

1867 Morrisania Unions. 22 Bobby Layne, QB, 1958-62. 1866 Brooklyn Atlantics. 70 Ernie Stautner, DT, 1950-63. 1865 Brooklyn Atlantics. 35 Bill Dudley, RB-DB, 1942, 1945-46 (missed 1943-44 due to military service). 1864 Brooklyn Atlantics. 2 Walt Kiesling, G, 1937-39; Head Coach, 1939-44, 1954-56.

1863 Brooklyn Eckfords. Dan Rooney, Executive, 1955-present; Owner, 1988-present. 1862 Brooklyn Eckfords. Art Rooney, Founder-owner, 1933-88. 1861 Brooklyn Atlantics. Heinz Field (2001-present). 1860 Brooklyn Atlantics. Three Rivers Stadium (1970-2000).

1859 Brooklyn Atlantics. Pitt Stadium (1958-1969). 1858 New York Mutuals. Forbes Field (1933-1963). 1857 Brooklyn Atlantics. AFC North: 2002, 2004. AFC Central: 1972, 1974, 1975, 1976, 1977, 1978, 1979, 1983, 1984, 1992, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 2001.

AFC: 1974, 1975, 1978, 1979, 1995, 2005. Super Bowl Championships (5)
1974 (IX), 1975 (X), 1978 (XIII), 1979 (XIV), 2005 (XL). Pittsburgh Steelers (1945-present). Card-Pitt (1944).

Philadelphia-Pittsburgh "Steagles" (1943). Pittsburgh Steelers (1941-1942). Pittsburgh Pirates (1933-1940). AFC North (2002-present).

AFC Central (1970-2001). American Football Conference (1970-present)

    . Century Division (1967-1969). Eastern Conference (1953-1969)
      .

      American Conference (1950-1952). Western Division (1944). Eastern Division (1933-1943; 1945-1949).