WestJet
HistoryFounded in 1996 by Clive Beddoe, Mark Hill, Tim Morgan, and Donald Bell, WestJet tried to follow the same path as Southwest Airlines and Morris Air, as a low-cost carrier. Originally meant to be a western Canada operation, WestJet soon became one of the fastest growing airlines in the world. On February 29, 1996 the first WestJet flight (a Boeing 737) departed. At that time, the airline served Calgary (the airline's hub), Edmonton, Kelowna, Vancouver, and Winnipeg with a fleet of three Boeing 737-200 aircraft and two-hunded and twenty employees. By the end of that same year, they had included Regina, Saskatoon, and Victoria. In 1997 service to Abbotsford was added. In 1999, a milestone was reached when WestJet was able to offer its first public sharing at 2.5 million shares. Also in 1999, the cities of Thunder Bay, Grande Prairie, and Prince George were added to WestJet's route map. In 2000, the airline expanded to Canada's eastern region, reaching Hamilton, Moncton, and Ottawa, and choosing Hamilton as the airline's eastern region hub. That year, Beddoe, Hill, Morgan and Bell were given the Ernst & Young entrepreneur of the year award in Canada for their contribution to the Canadian airline industry. In 2001, expansion continued, to include Fort McMurray and Comox, and to the subsequently pulled cities of Sault Ste. Marie, Sudbury, Thompson and Brandon. The airline's four creators also received another entrepreneurship award. In 2002, the airline added two new eastern Canadian destinations, the cities of London and Toronto. In April 2003, WestJet added Windsor, Montreal, Halifax, St. John's, and Gander. WestJet Boeing 737In April, 2004, WestJet moved its eastern hub from Hamilton to Toronto. All of the flights between Ottawa and Hamilton and Montreal and Hamilton were moved to Toronto, a move that brought WestJet more fully in to the lucrative Toronto-Ottawa-Montreal triangle. In 2004, a number of U.S. destinations were added or announced. These included San Francisco, Los Angeles, Phoenix, Tampa, Fort Lauderdale, Orlando, New York (LaGuardia). Palm Springs was added in early 2005, as was San Diego, while New York-LaGuardia was dropped. In Fall 2005, Ft. Myers, Las Vegas was added to the growing list of destinations. WestJet's transborder flights fly non-stop from Calgary (WestJet's main hub), as well as Edmonton, Kelowna, Montreal, Toronto, Vancouver, and Winnipeg. In April 2005, they announced new service seasonal to Charlottetown. Also in April 2005, WestJet ceased service to Gander. In June 2005, the airline announced it was ceasing service to Windsor, Ontario, effective October 30, 2005, and shifting capacity to nearby London. After rumours and speculation surrounding the implementation of extended-range twin-engine operations (ETOPS), WestJet announced new service to the Hawaiian Islands from Vancouver on September 20, 2005. Effective December 2005, the airline will fly from Vancouver to Honolulu and Vancouver to Maui. All flights returning from the Hawaiian Islands will be overnight flights (red-eyes) allowing the carrier to maintain a high utilization of the fleet. In late 2002 the Airline was accused by rival Air Canada of [1] espionage for their role in accessing confidential information. Current statusDuring a second quarter conference call in 2004, Clive Beddoe, announced that Westjet would be expanding to serve the United States. On September 20, 2004 Westjet commenced the first phase of its transborder flights by flying from Calgary and Toronto to Los Angeles International Airport as well as Toronto to New York LaGuardia. However, WestJet ended service to New York (LaGuardia) on July 4, 2005, citing an inability to secure gates at the airport. Soon after, the airline announced new service from Calgary to Fort Lauderdale; Edmonton to Las Vegas; Kelowna to Las Vegas; Toronto to Fort Myers and Phoenix; Montreal to Fort Lauderdale; Winnipeg to Los Angeles, Las Vegas, and Phoenix; and Vancouver to Las Vegas, Palm Springs, and Phoenix. WestJet Airlines entered into a two-year agreement with Air Transat in August, 2003, whereby Westjet Next Generation Boeing aircraft would be filled by Transat's two main tour operators, World of Vacations and Air Transat Holidays. The planes are operated by WestJet crews. Some of the destinations that WestJet planes can be found at are the Dominican Republic, Puerto Vallarta, Panama City (Panama), Cancún, Mazatlan, Varadero, Cuba and St. Martin. There are also weekly charter flights run year-round to Las Vegas, Nevada, from Calgary and Edmonton on behalf of Signature Vacations; this charter agreement is set to expire in the Fall of 2005. Current fleet
The airline flies a fleet that consists exclusively of Boeing 737s, taking a cue from the successful single operating type model pioneered by Southwest Airlines. By year end 2005, the operating fleet will consist of 56 aircraft; Fifty of those aircraft are now Next Generation Boeing 737 aircraft. WestJet continues to slowly retire the older 737-200 aircraft while they grow their overall fleet with Next Generation Aircraft consisting of -600, -700, and -800 series models from the 737 class. The first deliveries of 737-600 and 737-800 aircraft began in 2005. It was announced early in 2005 that the 737-200 fleet would be retired within the year, to be replaced by newer, more fuel-efficient aircraft. This will enable WestJet to further enjoy a lower-cost structure. However, with the abrupt end of operations by discount rival Jetsgo on March 11, 2005, the retirement of the 737-200 fleet will possibly be delayed as WestJet plans to add flights to fill Jetsgo's void. On July 12th, 2005, WestJet announced that it had completed the sale of its remaining Boeing 737-200 to Miami-based Apollo Aviation Group (Apollo). As of March 2006, there will be no more 200 series planes in WestJet's fleet. There will be three to four in operation on any given day throughout the busy Christmas holidays. Less then 10% of WestJet's available seat miles are flown by the 200's. On January 9th, 2006, the last Boeing 737-200 (Tail 748 C-FCWJ) was flown during a fly-by ceremony at the Westjet hangar in Calgary. The aircraft was flown by Don Bell. The last commercial revenue flight by a '200 was a charter flight, Las Vegas to Calgary, arriving at 0130 January 9, 2006, flown by tail 741 (C-GWWJ). Westjet now operates the youngest fleet of aircraft by a major commercial airline in North America, with an average age of two years. DestinationsSee: List of WestJet destinations Executive / Board of DirectorsExecutive
Board of Directors
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Board of Directors. Lille is part of the Lille Métropole Communauté urbaine (formerly also known as C.U.D.L.). Executive. Lille was elected European Capital of Culture in 2004, along with the Italian city of Genoa. See: List of WestJet destinations. The project has finally been completed with modern architecture and disruption to the ancient city center. Westjet now operates the youngest fleet of aircraft by a major commercial airline in North America, with an average age of two years. The Euralille urban development project, centred around the new TGV station has fostered a long debate among Lille's citizens. The last commercial revenue flight by a '200 was a charter flight, Las Vegas to Calgary, arriving at 0130 January 9, 2006, flown by tail 741 (C-GWWJ). The urban area is one of the biggest in France with more than 1 million inhabitants. The aircraft was flown by Don Bell. Lille has one of France's largest university student population with, depending on the information source, from 95,000 to 149,533 students in 2002-2003. On January 9th, 2006, the last Boeing 737-200 (Tail 748 C-FCWJ) was flown during a fly-by ceremony at the Westjet hangar in Calgary. The Deûle connects to Northern Europe via the River Scarpe and the River Escaut (towards Belgium and the Netherlands), and internationally via the Lys (to Dunkerque and Calais). Less then 10% of WestJet's available seat miles are flown by the 200's. The river Deûle is connected to regional waterways with over 680 km of navigatable waters. There will be three to four in operation on any given day throughout the busy Christmas holidays. Lille is the 3rd largest French river port after Paris and Strasbourg. As of March 2006, there will be no more 200 series planes in WestJet's fleet. In terms of shipping, it ranks fourth, with almost 38,000 tonnes of freight which pass through each year. On July 12th, 2005, WestJet announced that it had completed the sale of its remaining Boeing 737-200 to Miami-based Apollo Aviation Group (Apollo). It is the 12th most frequented French airport in number of passengers:. However, with the abrupt end of operations by discount rival Jetsgo on March 11, 2005, the retirement of the 737-200 fleet will possibly be delayed as WestJet plans to add flights to fill Jetsgo's void. Lille Lesquin (http://www.lille.aeroport.fr/) International Airport is 15 minutes from the city center. This will enable WestJet to further enjoy a lower-cost structure. A sixth one, the A24, should link Amiens to Lille. It was announced early in 2005 that the 737-200 fleet would be retired within the year, to be replaced by newer, more fuel-efficient aircraft. Five autoroutes pass by Lille, the densest confluence of highways in France after Paris:. The first deliveries of 737-600 and 737-800 aircraft began in 2005. There are 60 stations which go as far as the Belgian border. WestJet continues to slowly retire the older 737-200 aircraft while they grow their overall fleet with Next Generation Aircraft consisting of -600, -700, and -800 series models from the 737 class. Trains are only 26 m long (two linked cars) and are rubber-tired. By year end 2005, the operating fleet will consist of 56 aircraft; Fifty of those aircraft are now Next Generation Boeing 737 aircraft. Line 2 is 32 km long with 43 stations, the first and longest automatic metro line in the world, opened May 16, 1983. The airline flies a fleet that consists exclusively of Boeing 737s, taking a cue from the successful single operating type model pioneered by Southwest Airlines. The VAL system (véhicule automatique léger = light automated vehicle) is a driverless metro. Martin. A former major textile manufacturing center, Lille forms the heart of a larger conurbation, regrouping Lille, Roubaix and Tourcoing, which is France's 4th-largest urban conglomeration with a 1999 population of over 1.1 million. Some of the destinations that WestJet planes can be found at are the Dominican Republic, Puerto Vallarta, Panama City (Panama), Cancún, Mazatlan, Varadero, Cuba and St. Lille tried an unsuccessful bid for the organization of the Games of the XXVIIIth Olympiad in 2004. The planes are operated by WestJet crews. In 1994 the "Grand Palais" was also opened. WestJet Airlines entered into a two-year agreement with Air Transat in August, 2003, whereby Westjet Next Generation Boeing aircraft would be filled by Transat's two main tour operators, World of Vacations and Air Transat Holidays. The Euralille Center was opened in 1994, and the remodeled district is now full of parks and modern buildings containing offices, shops, and apartments. Soon after, the airline announced new service from Calgary to Fort Lauderdale; Edmonton to Las Vegas; Kelowna to Las Vegas; Toronto to Fort Myers and Phoenix; Montreal to Fort Lauderdale; Winnipeg to Los Angeles, Las Vegas, and Phoenix; and Vancouver to Las Vegas, Palm Springs, and Phoenix. Work on Euralille, an urban remodeling project, began in 1991. However, WestJet ended service to New York (LaGuardia) on July 4, 2005, citing an inability to secure gates at the airport. This, followed by the opening of the Channel Tunnel in 1994, then the arrival of the Eurostar train, puts Lille in the center of a triangle connecting Paris, London, and Brussels. On September 20, 2004 Westjet commenced the first phase of its transborder flights by flying from Calgary and Toronto to Los Angeles International Airport as well as Toronto to New York LaGuardia. In 1993, a high-speed TGV train line was opened, connecting Paris with Lille in one hour. During a second quarter conference call in 2004, Clive Beddoe, announced that Westjet would be expanding to serve the United States. In 1983, the VAL, the world's first automated subway, was opened. In late 2002 the Airline was accused by rival Air Canada of [1] espionage for their role in accessing confidential information. From the start of the 1980s, the city began to turn itself more towards the service sector. All flights returning from the Hawaiian Islands will be overnight flights (red-eyes) allowing the carrier to maintain a high utilization of the fleet. Throughout the 1960s and 70s, the region was faced with some problems after the decline of the coal, mining and textile industries. Effective December 2005, the airline will fly from Vancouver to Honolulu and Vancouver to Maui. In 1967, the Chambers of Commerce of Lille, Roubaix, and Tourcoing were joined, and in 1969, the Communauté urbaine de Lille (Lille urban community) was created, linking 87 communes with Lille. After rumours and speculation surrounding the implementation of extended-range twin-engine operations (ETOPS), WestJet announced new service to the Hawaiian Islands from Vancouver on September 20, 2005. Rationing came to an end in 1947, and by 1948, some normalcy had returned to Lille. In June 2005, the airline announced it was ceasing service to Windsor, Ontario, effective October 30, 2005, and shifting capacity to nearby London. Following this, the Lille resistance managed to retake part of the city before the British tanks arrived. Also in April 2005, WestJet ceased service to Gander. On September 3rd, the German troops began to leave Lille, fearing the British, who were on their way from Brussels. In April 2005, they announced new service seasonal to Charlottetown. The départments of Nord and Pas-de-Calais (with the exception of the coast, notably Dunkerque) were, for the most part, liberated in five days, from the 1st to 5th September 1944 by British, American, Canadian, and Polish troops. WestJet's transborder flights fly non-stop from Calgary (WestJet's main hub), as well as Edmonton, Kelowna, Montreal, Toronto, Vancouver, and Winnipeg. Although Lille was part of the zone under control of the German commander in Brussels, the city was never controlled by the Vichy government. Myers, Las Vegas was added to the growing list of destinations. When Belgium was invaded, the citizens of Lille, still marked by the events of World War I, began to flee the city in large numbers. In Fall 2005, Ft. Lille was taken by the Germans in May 1940, after brief resistance by a Morrocan Infantry division. Palm Springs was added in early 2005, as was San Diego, while New York-LaGuardia was dropped. In 1936, the city's mayor, Roger Salengro, became Minister of the Interior of the Popular Front, eventually killing himself after right-wing groups led a slanderous campaign against him. These included San Francisco, Los Angeles, Phoenix, Tampa, Fort Lauderdale, Orlando, New York (LaGuardia). From 1931 Lille felt the repurcussions of the Great Depression, and by 1935 a third of the city's population lived in poverty. destinations were added or announced. In July 1921, at the Pasteur Institute in Lille, Albert Calmette and Camille Guérin discovered the first antituberculosis vaccine, known as BCG ("Bacille de Calmette et Guérin"). In 2004, a number of U.S. The general was made an honorary citizen of Lille on October 28th of that year. All of the flights between Ottawa and Hamilton and Montreal and Hamilton were moved to Toronto, a move that brought WestJet more fully in to the lucrative Toronto-Ottawa-Montreal triangle. Lille was liberated by the British on October 17th 1918, when General William Birdwood and his troops were welcomed by joyous crowds. In April, 2004, WestJet moved its eastern hub from Hamilton to Toronto. When the Germans realized they had been tricked, they burned down an entire section of town, subsequently occupying the city. John's, and Gander. Despite the deception, the German bombardments destroyed over 2,200 buildings and homes. In April 2003, WestJet added Windsor, Montreal, Halifax, St. From October 4th to 13th, 1914, the troops in Lille were able to trick the enemy by convincing them that Lille possesed more artillery than was the case; in reality, the city had only a single cannon. In 2002, the airline added two new eastern Canadian destinations, the cities of London and Toronto. The entire region had grown wealthy thanks to the mines and to the textile industry. The airline's four creators also received another entrepreneurship award. By 1912, Lille's population was at 217,000: the city profited from the Industrial Revolution, particularly via coal and the steam engine. Marie, Sudbury, Thompson and Brandon. In 1896 Lille became the first city in France to be led by a socialist, Gustave Delory. In 2001, expansion continued, to include Fort McMurray and Comox, and to the subsequently pulled cities of Sault Ste. Lille's population was 158,000 in 1872, growing to over 200,000 by 1891. That year, Beddoe, Hill, Morgan and Bell were given the Ernst & Young entrepreneur of the year award in Canada for their contribution to the Canadian airline industry. In 1858, an imperial decree led to the annexation of the adjacent towns of Fives, Wazemmes, and Moulins. In 2000, the airline expanded to Canada's eastern region, reaching Hamilton, Moncton, and Ottawa, and choosing Hamilton as the airline's eastern region hub. In 1853, Alexandre Desrousseaux composed his famous lullaby Dors mon p'tit quinquin. Also in 1999, the cities of Thunder Bay, Grande Prairie, and Prince George were added to WestJet's route map. The city was known for its cotton, and the nearby towns of Roubaix and Tourcoing worked wool. In 1999, a milestone was reached when WestJet was able to offer its first public sharing at 2.5 million shares. At the beginning of the 19th century, Napoleon I's continental blockade against the United Kingdom led to Lille's textile industry developing itself even more fully. In 1997 service to Abbotsford was added. In 1846, a rail line connecting Paris and Lille was built. By the end of that same year, they had included Regina, Saskatoon, and Victoria. The city continued to grow, and by 1800 held some 53,000 residents, leading to Lille becoming the county seat of the Nord départment in 1804. At that time, the airline served Calgary (the airline's hub), Edmonton, Kelowna, Vancouver, and Winnipeg with a fleet of three Boeing 737-200 aircraft and two-hunded and twenty employees. The "Column of the Goddess", erected in 1842 in the "Grand-Place", is a tribute to the city's resistance, led by Mayor François André. On February 29, 1996 the first WestJet flight (a Boeing 737) departed. In the aftermath of the French Revolution, the Austrians, then in the United Provinces, laid siege to Lille. Originally meant to be a western Canada operation, WestJet soon became one of the fastest growing airlines in the world. In 1790, the city held their first municipal elections. Founded in 1996 by Clive Beddoe, Mark Hill, Tim Morgan, and Donald Bell, WestJet tried to follow the same path as Southwest Airlines and Morris Air, as a low-cost carrier. Throughout the 18th century, Lille remained profoundly Catholic, which explains why the city did not really take part in the French Revolution, though there were riots and the destruction of churches. . During five years, from 1708 to 1713, the city was occupied by the Dutch, during the War of the Spanish Succession. Profit-Sharing is credited for this fact. A number of important public works undertaken between 1667 and 1670, such as the Citadel (erected by Vauban), or the creation of the quartiers of Saint-André and la Madeleine, enabled the King to gain the confidence of his Flemish subjects. WestJet is a rarity in the airline industry due to the fact that it is non-unionized. In 1667, King Louis XIV (the Sun-King) successfully laid siege to Lille, resulting in it becoming French in 1668 under the Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle, provoking discontent among the citizens of the prosperous city. Fridhandler (IR Professional). The Hurlus were notably held back by the legendary Jeanne Maillotte. Daryl S. They were removed four months later by a Catholic Wallon regiment, after which they tried several times between 1581 and 1582 to take the city of Lille, all in vain. Hugh Bolton (Board Member). In 1578, the Hurlus, a group of Protestant rebels, stormed the castle of the Counts of Mouscron. Arthur Scace (Board Member). The first Calvinists appeared in the area in 1542; by 1555 there was anti-Protestant repression taking place. James Homeniuk (Board Member). The 16th century was marked, above all, by the outbreak of the Plague, a boom in the regional textile industry, and the Protestant revolts. (Larry) Pollock (Board Member). The city remained under Spanish rule until the reign of Philip IV of Spain. L.M. At the end of the reign of the Holy Roman Emperor Charles V, Spanish Flanders fell to his eldest son, and thus under the rule of Philip II of Spain, King of Spain. Tim Morgan (Board Member). In 1477, at the death of the last duke of Burgundy, Charles le Téméraire, Marie de Bourgogne married a Hapsburg, Maximilian of Austria, who thus became Count of Flanders. MacDonald (Board Member). There the Duke and his court undertook an oath to Christianity. Donald A. On February 17, 1454, one year after the taking of Constantinople by the Turks, Philippe le Bon organised a Patagruelian banquet at his Lille palace, the still-celebrated "Banquet of the Pheasant's Vow". Wilmot Matthews (Board Member). Philippe le Bon, Duke of Burgundy, was even more powerful than the King of France, and made Lille an administrative and financial capital. Murph Hannon (Board Member). By 1445, Lille counted some 25,000 residents. Ronald Greene (Board Member). Lille thus became one of the three capitals of said Duchy, along with Brussels and Dijon. Allan Jackson (Board Member). The county of Flanders fell to the Duchy of Burgundy next, after the 1369 marriage of Marguerite de Male, Countess of Flanders, and Philippe II le Hardi, Duke of Burgundy. Russ Hall (Executive Vice President). Lille fell under the rule of France from 1304 to 1369, after the battle of Mons-en-Pévèle. Sean Durfy (Executive Vice President). The rule of Flanders and Hainaut thus fell to her sister, Marguerite of Flanders, then to Marguerite's brother, Guy de Dampierre. Fred Ring (Executive Vice President). The Countess died in 1244 in the Abbey of Marquette, leaving no heirs. Sandy Campbell (Executive Vice President). It was in her honor that the hospital of the Regional Medical University of Lille was named "Jeanne of Flanders Hospital" in the 20th century. Donald Bell (Executive Vice President). On February 6th, 1236, she founded the Countess's Hospital, which remains one of the most beautiful buildings in Old Lille. Clive Beddoe (CEO). In 1235, Jeanne granted a city charter by which city governors would be chosen each All Saint's Day by four commissioners chosen by the ruler. 5 Boeing 737-800. Count Ferrand died in 1233, and his daughter Marie soon after. 41 Boeing 737-700. In 1226 the King agreed to free Ferrand of Portugal. 2 Boeing 737-600 (More on order). He unmasked the imposter, who Countess Jeanne quickly had hanged. She called her cousin, Louis VIII ("The Lion"). He pushed the kingdoms of Flanders and Hainaut towards sedition against Jeanne in order to recover his land. In 1224, the monk Bertrand of Rains, doubtlessly encouraged by local lords, tried to pass himself off as Baldwin I of Constantinople (the father of Jeanne of Flanders), who had disappeared during battle in Andrinople. They say she was well-loved by the residents of Lille, who by that time numbered 10,000. Count Ferrand of Portugal was imprisoned and the county fell into dispute: it would be his wife, Jeanne, Countess of Flanders and Constantinople, who ruled the city. The counts of Flanders, Boulogne, and Hainaut came together with England and the Holy Roman Empire of Germany and declared war on France and King Philippe Auguste, a war that ended with the French victory at Bouvines in 1214. In 1144 Saint Sauveur parish was formed, which would give its name to the modern-day quartier saint Sauveur. From the 12th century, the fame of the Lille cloth fair began to grow. It is in this context that the city was created. After the destruction caused by Norman and Hungarian invasion, the eastern part of the region fell under the eyes of the area princes. From 830 until around 910, the Vikings invaded Flanders. The original inhabitants of this region were the Celts, who were followed by the Menapiens, the Morins, the Atrébates, and the Verviens, Germanic tribes. The region of Flanders thus extended to the left bank of the River Escaut, one of the most rich and properous regions of Europe. The Count of Flanders controlled a number of old Roman cities (Boulogne, Arras, Cambrai) as well as some founded by the Carolingians (Valenciennes, Saint-Omer, Gand, Brugge, Anvers). This name was used for the Count of Flanders' castle (Château du Buc), built on dry land in the middle of the marsh. The name Lille comes from insula or l'Isla, since the area was at one time marshy. Although the first mention of the town appears in archives from the year 1066, some archeological digs seem to show the area as inhabited by as early as 2000 BCE, most notably in the modern-day quartiers of Fives, Wazemmes, and Old Lille. The legend of "Lyderic and Phinaert" puts the foundation of the city of "L'Isle" at 640. It thus became a central part of the country's rail network. In the 19th century Lille became the centre of French industry due to the large nearby coal deposits. . The whole metropolitan area of Lille, both on French and Belgian territory (Kortrijk) was estimated in 2000 at around 1,730,000 inhabitants, ranking as one of the major metropolitan areas of Europe. Their combined population at the 1999 census was 212,597 inhabitants. The city of Lille absorbed Lomme on February 27, 2000. It lies near the border with Belgium and its Dutch name is Rijsel. It is also the préfecture (capital) of the Nord département. It is the capital of the Nord-Pas de Calais région. Lille is a city in northern France on the Deûle River. 1 Including the annexed communes of Hellemmes and Lomme Augustin Laurent (1896-1990), minister, deputy, resistance fighter, and Mayor of Lille. Roger Salengro (1890-1936), minister, deputy, and Mayor of Lille. Charles de Gaulle (1890-1970), general, resistance fighter, President of France. Achille Liénart (1884-1973), « cardinal des ouvriers ». Louis Faidherbe (1818-1889), general, founder of the city of Dakar and senator. Jeanne Maillotte, (circa 1580), resistance fighter during the Hurlus attacks. Jeanne de Flandre, (1188/1200? -1244), Countess. Lydéric, (620-?) legendary founder of the city. Gilles Béhat (1949~), actor and director. Philippe Noiret (1930~), actor. Yvonne Furneaux (1928~), actress. Alain Decaux (1925~), television presenter, minister, writer, and member of the Académie Française. Raoul de Godewaersvelde (1928-1977), singer. Léopold Simons (1901-1979), poet, caricaturist, painter, sculptor. Robert Arnoux (1899-1964), actor. Renée Adorée (1898-1933), actress. Julien Duvivier (1896-1967), director. Line Dariel (1886-1956), comedian. Émile Bernard (1868-1941), neoimpressionist painter and friend of Paul Gauguin. Albert Samain (1858-1900), poet. Pierre Degeyter (1848-1932), worker and composer of the music of the Internationale. Carolus-Duran (1837-1917), painter. Antoine Renard (1825-1872), composer (Temps des cerises). Édouard Lalo (1823-1892), composer. Alexandre Desrousseaux (1820-1892), songwriter. Jean Perrin (1870, 1942), Nobel Prize in physics and creator of the French CNRS (National Center for Scientific Research). Albert Calmette (1863 - 1933) and Camille Guérin (1872-1961), discovery of the antituberculosis vaccine. Alfred Mongy (1840-1914), modernizer of the city. Auguste Scalbert (1815, 1899), creator of the first Nordiste bank. Antoine Scrive-Labbe (1789-1864), industrialist in the textile field and French spy. Charles Joseph Panckoucke, (1736-1788), founder of the Moniteur Universel, owner of Mercure de France, promoter of the Lumières and editor of the Encyclopédie Méthodique. almost 873,000 passengers in 2003. around 970,000 passengers in 2001. Autoroute A22 : Lille - Anvers - Netherlands. Autoroute A25 : Lille - Dunkerque - Calais - England. Autoroute A1 : Lille - Arras - Paris / Reims - Lyon. Autoroute A23 : Lille - Valenciennes. Autoroute A27 : Lille - Tournai - Brussels / Liège - England. |