PlayStation PortableThe PlayStation Portable (officially PSP), a handheld game console, is a product of Sony Computer Entertainment. It is Sony's first entry into handheld systems. The PSP was first announced during E³ 2003 and was unveiled on May 11, 2004 at a Sony press conference during E³ 2004. Variations and accessoriesIn all territories the PSP is available as part of a Value Pack, and in most territories it is also available as part of a Giga Pack. (The standard pack is only available in Japan) The Value Pack contains the console, battery, a 32 MB Memory Stick Duo, ear bud headphones with remote control, a slip-case, a wrist strap, and a Sampler Disc (in some territories), for USD $249.99, CDN $315.98, £180.00, ¥26,040 or AUD $399.00. The Giga Pack contains a console, battery, a 1 GB Memory Stick Duo, headphones with remote control, a slip-case, a stand, and USB cable. On July 21, 2005, Sony announced in an event in Tokyo, Japan that there would be a ceramic white version of the PSP that was released on September 15, 2005 in Japan and later released in South Korea. This PSP is the same as the black one, with the box, system and slip case now in white. This variation is unlikely to ever be released outside of Japan and South Korea. On October 20, 2005, Sony announced the PSP Giga pack, which will contain a 1 GB Memory Stick Pro Duo, a USB Cable, and a stand. It will also contain all of the other accessories found in the standard PSP Value Pack, except for the hand strap. The suggested retail price is ¥29,800 in Asia, $299 in North America, and £214.99 in the UK. The Giga Pack was released in Japan on October 31, 2005, North America on November 3, 2005, and also released on 17th November 2005 in Europe. Sales and competitionSony PSP pictured above a Nintendo DSThe PSP's major rival, the Nintendo DS, is considered to be in the same market as the PlayStation Portable (though representatives from both companies have stated that each system targets a different audience). As of Friday October 21, 2005, the PSP had shipped 10 million units worldwide. These are only figures for the number of PSP units shipped to retailers, however. The figures are not for how many PSPs have actually been sold. Sony was expecting a large boost in sales by the end of the year with the creation of the PSP Giga Pack, which debuted at the start of the holiday season. By hitting 10 million units shipped in 10 months it marked the "fastest penetration speed" of any PlayStation platform. [1] SCEI has shipped the greatest number of PSPs in North America. Shipments there total 4.5 million units and are followed in the ranking by Asia, at 3 million, and then Europe, at 2.5 million, SCEI said. Note that these figures are PSP units shipped, not sold. It is estimated that Sony has sold 2.5 to 3 million PSP units in the US [2] through to November. At CES Sony indicated it had sold 4 million PSPs to consumers in North America [3] including December sales. It is estimated 2.6 million PSP units have been sold in Japan through to 2006 via the Media Create tracking service [4]. Since its launch in September the PSP sold 610,000 through to December 10 in the UK, with the UK having "performed better than any other European territory". [5] FeaturesGran Turismo 4 Mobile and UMD.GamesThe PSP's inputs are geared for gaming rather than multimedia, with two shoulder buttons (triggers), the iconic PlayStation face buttons start and select buttons, a digital 4-directional pad, and an analog input. There is also a row of secondary controls along the underside of the screen, for controlling volume, music settings (either switching the audio off and on in games or selecting different equalizer presets in the OS), screen brightness, accessing the system's main menu, as well as the standard Start and Select buttons. The UMD disks are small enough to fit comfortably in a pocket, and superficially similar to Sony's earlier product, the MiniDisc, but for the lack of a protective shutter and slightly different cartridge shape. The PSP's analog input, often called the "analog nub," is not a traditional analog stick, but rather a sliding flat panel. Its odd placement initially led to speculation that it was a speaker (there are two holes on the front of the PSP that are also not speakers, but are made to look like them, the actual speakers are on the bottom). Concerns existed regarding the practicality of the input (its position requires a slightly asymmetrical grip on the unit to adequately use, with the left hand being lower than the right). While it is used in the same way as the analog thumb stick of a modern console, the resistance springs are calibrated differently: They are softer, making quick, coarse adjustments a bit easier, but fine-grained ones a bit more difficult. The graphics and audio capabilities of the PSP lie somewhere between those of the original PlayStation and the PlayStation 2. While most of the available games are less complex than games available on PS2, the graphics nonetheless tend to be much closer in quality to the PS2 than the PS1. This is probably in large part due to the small size of the screen, combined with the fact that unlike the PS1, the PSP's graphics chip performs texture filtering. ScreenshotsUMD moviesBecause of the UMD's relatively large storage space (1.8 gigabytes) and the PSP's large display screen, some film studios have released feature films in the UMD format with pricing comparable to DVD videos. Companies releasing UMD movies (or will release) include Disney, Warner Bros. Pictures, Twentieth Century Fox, Lions Gate Entertainment, Sony Pictures, New Line Cinema, Paramount Pictures, DreamWorks Pictures, and Anchor Bay Entertainment. Anime companies, such as Bandai, Geneon, FUNimation, and Viz Media are planning to release anime series, such as Trigun, and Gungrave, and movies, such as Gundam Wing: Endless Waltz, the Ah! My Goddess movie, and Ghost in the Shell to name a few. Most releases provide alternate audio languages and content, subtitles, and special features. (Japanese releases have been somewhat more eclectic, and include UMD/DVD combination packs [6] and pornography.) On June 22, 2005, Sony confirmed that both House of Flying Daggers and Resident Evil: Apocalypse have both sold more than 100,000 copies each[7]. Movies on UMD were first made available in April 2005. The initial North American releases included House of Flying Daggers, xXx, Hellboy, Once Upon a Time in Mexico, Spider-Man 2, and Resident Evil: Apocalypse from Sony Pictures, along with Kill Bill: Volume 1 and Kill Bill Volume 2 (Miramax) and Pirates of the Caribbean from Disney Pictures. Because the UMDs cannot be played on a television via some output cable (due to Universal Studios being late among major American motion picture studios to commit to the UMD format) and because few G-rated titles are available in the format, UMDs have been criticized for not truly being "universal." As in many other shortcomings, a third-party hack can allow the PSP to display on a TV set, however using this hack involves removing the faceplate of the PSP. Additionally, due to the smaller size of the UMD, special features that are on the DVD equivalents are usually cut out. Multimedia and codecs
The PSP is capable of displaying still image, movie, and audio files stored on the UMD disk format or a memory stick. The system supports MP3 and Sony's ATRAC3 plus formats for audio, MPEG-4 for video on UMD discs, and JPEG images. The PSP also has the capability to decode MPEG-4 Part 2 and MPEG-4 Part 3 from the *.mp4 container, if located on the Memory Stick. The file(s) must be placed in the /MP_ROOT/100MNV01 directory on the Memory Stick, and be named in the following format: M4V#####.MP4 (where "#" is any digit). Since firmware version 2.00, users can upload movies with a Sony proprietary AVC codec encoding, by putting them in the /MP_ROOT/100ANV01 Folder, and named as MAQ#####.MP4. A corresponding thumbnail image file (160x120 pixel JPEG files renamed with the .THM extension) with the same file name (besides the extension) of the movie file can optionally be placed in the same directory. Unlike UMD movies, resolution of movies on a memory stick is limited to 76,800 pixels (320x240, 368x208, 480x160, etc.), resulting in lower quality movies than UMD movies. Sony has announced that Image Converter 2, a piece of PC software for converting video files to AVC for playback on CLIÉ PDAs, will be available before the end of the year, and may be used with the PSP. A preview version was made available shortly after the PSP launch. It can convert *.avi, MPEG1/2/4, QuickTime and *.wmv movie files to AVC, as well as the "Giga Pocket" and "Do VAIO" files used by VAIO PCs to record television. It will also convert most common still image files into JPEG format. Sony's SonicStage software can be used to copy *.mp3 and ATRAC files to the PSP as well. Sony's software is not the only toolset for getting music or movies onto a PSP, however. A cottage industry has grown around offering useful tools for converting and copying files for use on the PSP. Some popular alternatives include Media Boss for PSP, PSP Movie Creator, PSP Video Express, Xcopy9, PSPWare, iPSP, Mobile Media Maker, PSP Video 9, 3GP Converter and PSP Multimedia Extender all simplify the task of converting and transferring files to and from the PSP's Memory Stick. Additionally, some FOSS programs, such as FFmpeg can be used to convert video into a properly sized and formatted PSP video file. Using these tools, nearly any digital video file (including movie files ripped from DVDs or digital video recorders like the TiVo) can be played on a PSP, after conversion to AVC. Video file sizes largely depend on the audio and video bit rates. With reasonable settings (a resolution of 320x240, a video bit rate of 500 Kilobits per second, and an audio sampling rate of 22050 kHz) a 22 minute movie file is roughly 55 megabytes. (This is enough for a 30 minute television episode with the commercials removed) This means that a 512 MB Memory Stick can hold approximately nine of these files. A hundred-minute feature film can fit on a 256 MB Memory Stick. Many movie files, both free-to-distribute and pirated, have been encoded for the PSP and are available on the internet. Game and movie trailers, in particular, are increasingly available, even from the studio's official site. Sony released firmware update version 2.0 on July 27, 2005 in Japan and on August 24, 2005 in North America. It was also packaged in the retail product for European and Australian PSPs. The firmware upgrade added the ability to play MP4 AAC audio files, ATRAC3plus audio files from a Memory Stick Pro Duo, MPEG-4 AVC video files (if encoded using a proprietary Sony encoding), as well as view GIF, Bitmap (BMP), and TIF image files. It also added the ability to send photos wirelessly to another PSP system and allowed owners to use an image as background wallpaper. It also added support for WPA-PSK wireless encryption. On October 3, 2005, firmware version 2.01 was released. This upgrade fixed the image overload buffer problem that allowed the PSP to be "downgraded" via a homebrew hack. After the 2.01 firmware version SONY released the new 2.50. Speculation states 2.50 was launched to attract users to upgrade: blocking any possible means of homebrew. It also included the LocationFree Player [8]. If owners own a LocationFree Base Station at home, they can play streaming movies, over the Internet, from anywhere in the world, on their PSP. Also added were the Korean character set, the ability to play copyrighted movies, form history on the web browser, and time and date synchronization via the internet. Recently the 2.60 update has been released, the main features include streaming of podcast audio directly from the web using an RSS feed; and also playback of the WMA audio format (this requires online activation). Although a bug found in the game Grand theft Auto : Liberty City Stories, a bug has e=been found and has seemed to open the door for homebrew once again. An EBOOT Loader for 2.60 has already been released by Fanjita. It is still at it's beta stages and can only run about 50% of EBOOTs. Wireless networkingWi-Fi (IEEE 802.11b) support allows the PSP to connect to wireless networks, other PSP units for multiplayer gaming, the Internet and Sony's upcoming PlayStation 3. As the PS3 has only recently been unveiled, details on link-up features are slim, however Hideo Kojima has discussed the possibility of a link-up between Metal Gear Solid 4 and Metal Gear Ac!d 2. Use of wireless network features increases the power consumption and lowers the battery life of the system. A version 2.0 firmware update was released on July 27, 2005 for Japanese PSPs, and August 24, 2005 for North American PSPs. The update included a web browser and support for connecting to networks with WPA and WEP encryption. GamesharingAs the Nintendo DS does with its DS Download Play, the PSP allows one user to share his or her game with a third party, usually—but not necessarily—as a precursor to multiplayer gaming. A self-contained version of the game being shared is sent to the remote PSP over the wireless network, whereupon it boots and runs as though loaded from a UMD disc. Such "Gameshare versions" of software usually have their feature set reduced and are intended, for example, to allow the multiplayer aspects of the software to be used while holding back single player or bonus functionality. First party European titles Fired Up and Wipeout Pure both shipped with Gamesharing features; subsequent titles have followed suit. Ad-hoc networksAd-hoc wireless networking allows for up to 16 PSPs within range of each other to communicate directly, typically for multiplayer gaming. The launch titles Ridge Racer and Lumines, for example, support this. One unit can act as the host for a game, which is available to other PSP units within that systems range, and appears in a list when the client PSP searches for available hosts. Hosting a game in this manner increases power consumption and reduces battery life by as much as fifty percent, depending on the complexity of data transfer. With the update of 2.0 or higher the PSP can use the Ad-Hoc technology to send pictures from one PSP to the other. Infrastructure networksThe PSP's main menu allows the user to configure the system for use across the Internet via a wireless connection, known as infrastructure mode. The PSP's menu can recognize protected and non-protected wireless networks within its range, and attempt to request a firmware update from Sony's servers. A handful of titles, including sixteen U.S. launch games (Including the multi-million selling game, SOCOM: U.S. Navy Seals) and an as-of-yet untitled MMORPG, have been announced which use this wireless network functionality. Packet tunneling systems are in development by third-parties which allow any Wi-Fi game to operate across the Internet (see External links). Use of infrastructure networks in PSP software began with a small number of titles at the U.S. launch, supporting online play. South Korean PSPs will ship with software providing web browsing and multimedia streaming features, but only through company-owned Wi-Fi hotspots, and with a monthly fee[9]. InfraredThe PSP features an IrDA port located on the top left of the device; however this is not currently used by any games. However, there are homebrew applications which use PSP as a TV remote controller, such as PSP IR Remote. Design and specificationsTechnical specificationsThe PlayStation Portable (PSP) was designed by Shi Ogasawara [小笠原氏] for the Sony Computer Entertainment company. The unit measures 170 mm (6.7 in) in length, 74 mm (2.9 in) in width, and 23 mm (0.9 in) in depth, and weighs 280g / .62 lbs (including battery). The most noticeable element of the PSP is its 110 mm/4.3" (diagonal) 16:9 ratio TFT LCD screen sporting a 480 x 272 pixel resolution capable of 16.77 million colours. The PlayStation Portable's CPU is a dual-core MIPS32 R4000-based CPU, each core being globally clocked between 1 and 333 MHz. During the GDC, Sony revealed that it has currently capped the PSP's CPU clock at 222 MHz; apparently in an attempt to lengthen battery life. Overheating concerns have also been cited as a possible reason for the cap, and gaming site Gamesradar has said this is the "most logical reason for the processor capping." The cap was previously set at the level of add-on software, not through the firmware (though the crossbar runs at 222 MHz). Exploits could, on previous firmware versions, unlock 333 MHz operation to seemingly no ill effect (except a slight decrease in battery life), but changes to the power management in firmware 2.60's kernel have since made this impossible. The primary CPU core is responsible for traditional game processor functions; the secondary core, dubbed the "Virtual Media Engine," is responsible for decoding multimedia, for example the H.264 decoder. The system has 32 MiB of main RAM and 4 MiB of embedded DRAM. There is no memory management unit for the CPU. No evidence of a TLB has been found to date. The Coprocessor 0 that normally manages the TLB-based MMU seems to be a custom effort by Sony. It doesn't have integrated memory. The independent 166 MHz 90 nm graphics chip sports 2 MiB embedded memory and through its 512 bit interface it provides hardware polygon and NURBS rendering, hardware directional lighting, clipping, environment projection and texture mapping, texture compression and tessellation, fogging, alpha blending, depth and stencil tests, vertex blending for morphing effects, and dithering, all in 16 or 32 bit colour, along with handling image output. Specifications state that the PSP is capable of rendering 33 million flat-shaded polygons per second, with a 664 million pixel per second fill rate [10] Unlike Sony's PlayStation 2 console, the GPU (PS2 Vector Unit equivalent) is not programmable, meaning that many effects that the PS2 can resolve in hardware must be implemented in software on the PSP. Nonetheless, the implementation of a GPU in the PSP is still a significant technological advance, in that it implements robust hardware-rendering for 3D graphics in the handheld market. The PSP was preceded in this regard by Nokia's N-Gage in 2003, the Nintendo DS, and the Tapwave Zodiac in 2004. PowerThe PSP uses a rechargeable lithium-ion battery for power (an AC adaptor is included for charging and running from the mains). The system's manual states that the PSP is capable of three to six hours of gameplay, depending on the screen brightness or volume level selected. Battery life is heavily dependent on the game chosen; technically simpler games such as Lumines tend to extend the battery life of the system, with graphically advanced games (or games that frequently access the UMD drive) such as Grand Theft Auto: Liberty City Stories tending toward shorter battery life. Ken Kutaragi, president of Sony Computer Entertainment, has compared the system to the Walkman, in that battery life will be improved with each product revision, and has outlined some steps (switching to a different fabrication process, for example) which will be used to improve the system's endurance. Currently the PSP's CPU is fabricated using a 90-nm process, but eventually Sony will shift to 65-nm and 45-nm when the technology becomes available. In practice, tests using Ridge Racer have given between three and a half and slightly less than six hours of continuous gameplay, depending on screen brightness and volume. In one test[11], this dropped to approximately two and three quarter hours when using Wi-Fi multiplayer continuously. The system is capable of approximately ten hours of MP3 playback from memory stick on a full charge and around half this for AVC playback. While full-length movie UMDs were not available for this test, a repeating loop of the demo UMD bundled in the Value Pack provided a little over four hours of playback on a full charge. The PSP's battery is removable for replacement by the end-user. One is thus able to purchase extra batteries as an accessory; at the Japanese launch, they cost ¥5,040 including tax (around US$47, €37, £26, AU$62). A Sony high-speed charger is available as an optional accessory. There is also a variety of third-party batteries that have more than twice the battery life compared to the standard Sony battery. Additionally, in late 2005, Sony released a battery that has a 20% higher charge capacity. It is available in Japan, the U.S., and Europe. The system ships with a multivoltage power supply for recharging the battery, allowing it to be charged in any country with the appropriate power lead. This multivoltage power supply is internally and externally similar to but not compatible with similar ones used with Sony's CLIÉ PDAs, and the power lead is a standard figure-of-eight cable similar to the power cable used with the PlayStation and PlayStation 2. The PSU itself is about the same size as a deck of cards. A number of companies are now offering other chargers for the device. These are typically either USB charging cables that allow the PSP to charge from any PC with a USB port or are simply a series of AA batteries with a voltage regulator. These are similar in concept to the cheap battery life extenders available for mobile telephones. InterfaceThe PSP's main menu interface is the "Cross Media Bar (XMB)" used by recent Sony TVs and the PSX hardware. It consists of a horizontal sequence of icons (Settings, Photo, Music, Video, Games, Network (added in 2.0; for now only features the tab-supported web browser and the LocationFree Player; 2.60 brought "RSS Reader" to the Network tab, which allows users to stream RSS 2.0 (audio) feeds through the Internet.)) which when highlighted show a vertical sequence of sub-icons (for example, selecting Games allows the memory stick or a UMD to be selected). The main menu system allows the user to, amongst other things, adjust settings such as date, time, and the PSP's nickname for wireless networking, play video or audio files from the memory stick, load games or movie UMDs, check on estimated battery life, and set the PSP into a "link mode" which makes the inserted memory stick available to a PC via USB. The OS may be accessed at any time in a game by pressing the "Home" button on the console. Upon release, the default background color changed depending on the current month of the year, as follows: PSP blue Cross Media Bar
Firmware 2.0 and greater allows manual choice of color theme, or specify a wallpaper from any photos that the user has stored to the PSP memory card. For older versions of firmware there exist homebrew programs, such as PSPSet or PSPPersonalise, which allow changing the PSP's background. User skins can also be made available through downloads or by game publishers within their game discs. FirmwareThe PSP's firmware is updatable via Wi-Fi infrastructure connection to a Sony server, by downloading the update application with a PC and transferring to the PSP via USB, or from a UMD disk (allowing games to update the firmware automatically). While firmware updates can be used with PSPs from any region, Sony recommends only downloading firmware updates released for the corresponding region. The current firmware version is 2.60. Various updates have included WPA-PSK encryption; a built-in web browser; the ability to stream audio using RSS; Location Free player (the PlayStation 3 will have this function built into it), keyboard input mode for Web input; AVC video playback from memory stick; audio switch function and 4:3 mode for memory stick video; GIF, BMP, PNG, and TIFF image viewing; AAC, ATRAC3plus, WAV and WMA audio playback from memory stick; wallpaper function; an image sharing feature; region-free streaming television and higher security for a recently discovered exploit in the Photo menu. Version 2.0 of the firmware was supplied on the demo disk inside the box of European PSPs, with version 1.52 preinstalled on the unit. (Some European PSPs had version 2.0 on the demo disc, but came preinstalled with version 1.5.) *See External Links for Firmware Release ChangeLogs Region lockingThe PSP supports region locking for games and movies, which limits which software may be played on each region's hardware. This scheme is based on the DVD CCA's DVD regional lockout scheme; Japanese PSP hardware already has a R2 logo on its box. However, support for regional lockout does not necessarily mean it will be used for all software. Sony has recently stated that PSP games will be region free while UMD Movies are region locked. Games for the PSP are currently being encoded as region-free, and an official Sony statement [12] states that this will continue indefinitely. There will be no limitation as to which country's handheld can play which country's version of the game. This follows the lead that Nintendo started with their Game Boy line, leaving open the "portability" of the handheld, as well as enabling gamers who want to buy a PSP game while visiting another country will still be able to play it on their native PSP's. Movies, on the other hand, are usually region-locked. There are ways around the region protection through such programs as UMD Emulator (currently this is only possible through firmwares V1.00 and V1.50). It should also be noted that, despite what many websites say, Region 1 PSPs are capable of playing Region 2 and Region 4 UMD movies, and Region 2 PSPs are capable of playing Region 4 UMD movies (except the Region 4 version of Be Cool for an unknown reason). Note: however at least some region 1 PSP's with V.1.5 cannot play region 2 (European) movies. Probably there is a difference between the Japanese and European region 2 settings. However, multiplayer compatibility across regions is not preserved. A Japanese version of a game cannot be played against an American or European version of the same game. For example, a user running the Japanese version of Ridge Racer cannot play (via wireless) with another user running the UK version of Ridge Racer. Similar cases also applied to the game Coded Arms. LaunchesThe PlayStation Portable was first introduced to the public at the Tokyo Game Show 2004 (see: http://www.eurotechnology.com/tokyogameshow2004/ ) and released on December 12, 2004 in Japan. It was later released in North America on March 24, 2005 and in South Korea on May 2, 2005. Ten days later this was followed by a joint launch in Singapore, Hong Kong, and Taiwan on May 12, 2005. The European and Oceanian launch took place on 1 September 2005 [13]. Sony Computer Entertainment Europe had delayed the launch date originally set for March to meet demand from other regions. This resulted in PSPs being imported without authorisation, from Japan and the United States into Europe. Sony Europe took legal action against small importers [14] in the UK citing trademark infringement. One such importer, Electricbirdland Ltd., claimed they had sold several PSP consoles to SCEE staff [15]; they were subsequently singled out and taken to court. UK is the only European country in which Sony has taken any form of legal action against importers of the PSP prior to its European release. Homebrew developmentIn May 2005, it was found that PSPs using the 1.00 version of the firmware (meaning original, first launch Japanese-only PSPs) could execute unsigned code. What this meant in practice was that these PSPs could run homebrew software, as the mechanism for checking to make sure that software has been approved by Sony had not yet been activated. Later exploits have allowed for PSPs using version 1.50 of the firmware to run homebrew software nearly transparently. Using a buffer overflow exploit, it is possible to install 1.50 firmware onto a 2.0 firmware PSP, thus downgrading it and allowing for the execution of unsigned code. However there are limitations with running homebrew on 2.0 being programs will be run in user mode and not kernel mode. Recently, an exploit, for firmware version 2.5, was found in the game Grand Theft Auto: Liberty City Stories that allows homebrew code to be run from a save game file when loaded into the game. This exploit now works on firmware version 2.60 also. To help buyers be aware of what version they are getting, there is a letter near the bar code on the PSP merchandise box. Each letter corresponds to which version it represents. For the value pack in the U.S., A is 1.5. B is 1.51. C is 1.52. D is 2.00 (unconfirmed). Letter varies to the version depends on the country. Portable ApplicationsIt is possible to use the PSP Pro duo memory card inside the PSP as a container from which portable applications such as Firefox, Open office, and many other usefull portable apps these run from the memory card in a similar way to U3 usb memory sticks. Portable application used in this way vastly increase the funtionality of the PSP. Whilst the PSP does not have input devices (yet)such as a keyboard using a usb cable one can connect to any PC run the portable apps and save Photo,jpeg and other user files in the PHOTO file on the PSP Pro Duo card for viewing later somthing a U3 usb drive is unable to do portable apps can be downloaded from http://portableapps.com/ CriticismsThe PSP is often criticized for a perceived lack of quality games, as many of its titles consist of ports or remakes from console systems. A possible rebuttal is that the first year of a new system usually sees a drought in quality software, as seen with the PS2. Some early models have more "ghosting" than others, meaning that one can see a trail left from moving objects on the screen. For example, in Grand Theft Auto: Liberty City Stories, when an explosion occurs near the character, he will exhibit ghosting. Due to its use of high density optical media, loading times exist on many games, over half a minute long in some. The PSP also suffered from a plague of dead pixels straight out of the factory, along with an extremely high defect rate at the time of its initial release. However, recent PSPs seem to be free of such defects. Issues from sticky "square" buttons, to analog nubs that do not work properly, and even systems that simply cannot power on, are also noticed on occasion. Please note that systems that do not power on correctly (the green power button is on, but it will not boot) are considered "bricked," and all data stored on the internal flash memory has been deleted or corrupted. This can be caused by two things: the interruption of a program writing to the flash (Upgrader, Downgrader) or a trojan downgrader that purposely deletes all data on the flash. This trojan downgrader is fairly rare, unless a downgrader is downloaded from an "untrustworthy" site. At launch, the PSP was criticized for its lack of support for popular file types, following Sony's trend in preferring to use proprietary formats. However, firmware releases since then have added new formats, including Microsoft's WMA, and more may be forthcoming. The PSP has also been criticized for its high price, more comparable to that of the Playstation 2 console than competing handhelds. Finally, users who utilize emulation software have been discouraged by firmware versions 1.52 and above, each of which added new blocks to prevent unsigned code from being executed. Compare to the GP2X handheld by Gamepark, which supports and encourages homebrew software. However, due to dedicated users like Fanjita, at the time of writing at least some unsigned software can be run by any firmware version through the use of a special loader program. This page about sony psp includes information from a Wikipedia article. 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However, due to dedicated users like Fanjita, at the time of writing at least some unsigned software can be run by any firmware version through the use of a special loader program. From Argentina to Malaysia to The United States, broadcasters around the world capitalized on the big event (see Live 8 broadcasters). Compare to the GP2X handheld by Gamepark, which supports and encourages homebrew software. ABC drew criticism when they broadcast The Who's performance of "Who Are You?" when they did not censor the lyric "who the fuck are you?" when they aired a highlights special in the evening of 2 July 2005 after Live 8 had ended. Finally, users who utilize emulation software have been discouraged by firmware versions 1.52 and above, each of which added new blocks to prevent unsigned code from being executed. The following weekend, MTV broadcast six hours of a commercial-free special devoted to Live 8 in response to the heavy criticism. The PSP has also been criticized for its high price, more comparable to that of the Playstation 2 console than competing handhelds. In fact, very few of Live 8's songs were played in full by MTV and almost none of them were broadcast live, leading some to conclude that MTV may have covered the event but they did not broadcast it. However, firmware releases since then have added new formats, including Microsoft's WMA, and more may be forthcoming. Criticism was also aimed at MTV for focusing too much on ill-informed VJs and not enough on the music. At launch, the PSP was criticized for its lack of support for popular file types, following Sony's trend in preferring to use proprietary formats. Criticism was also drawn from viewers of MTV (and possibly other networks), in which the broadcaster cut to commercials while bands were still performing, specifically Pink Floyd and The Who. This trojan downgrader is fairly rare, unless a downgrader is downloaded from an "untrustworthy" site. In the United States, MTV censored swear words from the performances it broadcast, except for the word "bullshit" as part of the lyrics to Pink Floyd's "Money". This can be caused by two things: the interruption of a program writing to the flash (Upgrader, Downgrader) or a trojan downgrader that purposely deletes all data on the flash. When Green Day's performance in Berlin was broadcast to the other venues, it was aired uncensored. Please note that systems that do not power on correctly (the green power button is on, but it will not boot) are considered "bricked," and all data stored on the internal flash memory has been deleted or corrupted. Several artists got their performances cut to one or two songs, including Bon Jovi and Dido. Issues from sticky "square" buttons, to analog nubs that do not work properly, and even systems that simply cannot power on, are also noticed on occasion. Although the concerts in London and Philadelphia had the biggest stars lining up, both concerts are currently not available in their original, full version. However, recent PSPs seem to be free of such defects. Midge Ure's "I find it amazing, that Bob can do his fantastic thing and then fucking turn this on for me" also remains from the Edinburgh concert. The PSP also suffered from a plague of dead pixels straight out of the factory, along with an extremely high defect rate at the time of its initial release. Robbie Williams' "Hyde Park, you look fucking beautiful tonight" remains. Due to its use of high density optical media, loading times exist on many games, over half a minute long in some. In the official DVD release of the concerts, Madonna's cursing was not included and only half of Snoop Dogg's performance was made available. For example, in Grand Theft Auto: Liberty City Stories, when an explosion occurs near the character, he will exhibit ghosting. Robbie Williams and Razorlight also swore during their performances, but Williams' was after the watershed. Some early models have more "ghosting" than others, meaning that one can see a trail left from moving objects on the screen. The BBC apologised [17] for an instance when Madonna asked the audience "are you fucking ready, London?", and for Snoop Dogg's perfomance which contained the use of swear words without censorship. A possible rebuttal is that the first year of a new system usually sees a drought in quality software, as seen with the PS2. Despite the show being broadcast before the watershed in many countries, there was no attempt at censorship. The PSP is often criticized for a perceived lack of quality games, as many of its titles consist of ports or remakes from console systems. The Daily Mail commented on the event for running two hours late, with a frontpage headline reading 'Live L8'. Whilst the PSP does not have input devices (yet)such as a keyboard using a usb cable one can connect to any PC run the portable apps and save Photo,jpeg and other user files in the PHOTO file on the PSP Pro Duo card for viewing later somthing a U3 usb drive is unable to do portable apps can be downloaded from http://portableapps.com/. The "Hey Jude" finale ended up finishing at around midnight after George Michael dueted with Paul McCartney. Portable application used in this way vastly increase the funtionality of the PSP. The early ending would have meant fans missing out on bands including The Who and Pink Floyd. It is possible to use the PSP Pro duo memory card inside the PSP as a container from which portable applications such as Firefox, Open office, and many other usefull portable apps these run from the memory card in a similar way to U3 usb memory sticks. This panic was due to the chance of London being gridlocked if people missed their train.
B is 1.51. Due to the need to send them a few weeks early, the tickets had the original 8pm finishing time printed on them. For the value pack in the U.S., A is 1.5. The show was originaly scheduled to end at around 8:00pm, but due to new artists being added, the planned finishing time was extended to 9:30pm. Each letter corresponds to which version it represents. One of Quo's reasons for wanting to appear stemmed from their inability to remember the first gig due to drink and drugs. To help buyers be aware of what version they are getting, there is a letter near the bar code on the PSP merchandise box. Quo's response was that there wasn't a lot of drugs, there were "fucking shed-loads". This exploit now works on firmware version 2.60 also. There was also the rumour that the reason space on the show wasn't made was partially down to Geldof's anger at Quo's reference to there being "a lot of drugs" at Live Aid in 1985. Recently, an exploit, for firmware version 2.5, was found in the game Grand Theft Auto: Liberty City Stories that allows homebrew code to be run from a save game file when loaded into the game. Quo had reportedly asked for "four fucking minutes". However there are limitations with running homebrew on 2.0 being programs will be run in user mode and not kernel mode. Naming their petition "No Quo, No Show", it became an unsuccessful success. Using a buffer overflow exploit, it is possible to install 1.50 firmware onto a 2.0 firmware PSP, thus downgrading it and allowing for the execution of unsigned code. The Daily Mirror's petition was backed by thousands though eventually nothing came about. Later exploits have allowed for PSPs using version 1.50 of the firmware to run homebrew software nearly transparently. This was not granted, sparking a fury amongst Quo fans who had seen the band open Live Aid explosively (with the aptly titled "Rockin' All Over The World") 20 years ago. What this meant in practice was that these PSPs could run homebrew software, as the mechanism for checking to make sure that software has been approved by Sony had not yet been activated. Originally offered a 6pm slot, the Quo had long since organized commitments in Ireland, therefore they requested an earlier slot. In May 2005, it was found that PSPs using the 1.00 version of the firmware (meaning original, first launch Japanese-only PSPs) could execute unsigned code. In the weeks leading up to the extravaganza, The Daily Mirror began a petition, garnering support for British rock legends Status Quo. UK is the only European country in which Sony has taken any form of legal action against importers of the PSP prior to its European release. None of the items appeared to have been fairly-traded, sweatshop-free or environmentally friendly. One such importer, Electricbirdland Ltd., claimed they had sold several PSP consoles to SCEE staff [15]; they were subsequently singled out and taken to court. While they received no monetary compensation, some were given gift bags containing lavish gifts and designer goodies - including Gibson guitars and Hugo Boss suits - valued at approximately $3000 (see "Fancy gifts at odds with cause?" The Philadelphia Inquirer). Sony Europe took legal action against small importers [14] in the UK citing trademark infringement. More criticism has been leveled at some of the performers based on what they took home for participating in the Philadelphia concert. This resulted in PSPs being imported without authorisation, from Japan and the United States into Europe. Indeed, public figures and media have since called on the artists and their record labels to donate the profits of increased sales that followed appearance at the event (see "...Live 8 profits plea" BBC article, for example). Sony Computer Entertainment Europe had delayed the launch date originally set for March to meet demand from other regions. Live 8, it is important to note, is not a charity event. The European and Oceanian launch took place on 1 September 2005 [13]. Damon Albarn also suggested that the performers' record labels should pay "a tariff" as the accompanying publicity would increase future record sales and hence their profits. Ten days later this was followed by a joint launch in Singapore, Hong Kong, and Taiwan on May 12, 2005. Counter-critics, however, point out that these celebrities are still not rich enough to be able to cancel the debts of nations. It was later released in North America on March 24, 2005 and in South Korea on May 2, 2005. Many believed that it was hypocrisy that many of the performing artists had tens (if not hundreds) of millions of dollars of "spare cash" lying in their bank accounts whilst wanting to "Make Poverty History". The PlayStation Portable was first introduced to the public at the Tokyo Game Show 2004 (see: http://www.eurotechnology.com/tokyogameshow2004/ ) and released on December 12, 2004 in Japan. For example, some fans and music critics feel that some of the lineups, such as that in Barrie, are not only largely ethnically homogeneous but not likely to connect with, or speak to, younger fans ("Live 8 organizer dismisses criticism..." Globe and Mail article). Similar cases also applied to the game Coded Arms. Geldof is criticised for using Africa as "a catwalk" which is more about reviving the careers of ageing rock stars than about helping the poor in Africa. For example, a user running the Japanese version of Ridge Racer cannot play (via wireless) with another user running the UK version of Ridge Racer. [16]. A Japanese version of a game cannot be played against an American or European version of the same game. Indeed, Geldof appears not to be interested in Africa's strengths, only in an Africa on its knees. However, multiplayer compatibility across regions is not preserved. I am coming, reluctantly, to the conclusion that Live 8 is as much to do with Geldof showing off his ability to push around presidents and prime ministers as with pointing out the potential of Africa. Probably there is a difference between the Japanese and European region 2 settings. However, some criticisms are directed at Geldof himself and the motives for Live 8:. Note: however at least some region 1 PSP's with V.1.5 cannot play region 2 (European) movies. Some of these criticisms are not specific to Live 8 but representative of a particular point of view concerning western attitudes towards Africa. It should also be noted that, despite what many websites say, Region 1 PSPs are capable of playing Region 2 and Region 4 UMD movies, and Region 2 PSPs are capable of playing Region 4 UMD movies (except the Region 4 version of Be Cool for an unknown reason). As with many charity events before it, Live 8 has come in for some criticism in the media. There are ways around the region protection through such programs as UMD Emulator (currently this is only possible through firmwares V1.00 and V1.50). [15]. Movies, on the other hand, are usually region-locked. They still believe us to be like children that they must save, as if we don't realize ourselves what the source of our problems is. This follows the lead that Nintendo started with their Game Boy line, leaving open the "portability" of the handheld, as well as enabling gamers who want to buy a PSP game while visiting another country will still be able to play it on their native PSP's. Who here [in Africa] wants a concert against poverty when an African is born, lives and dies without ever being able to vote freely? But the truth is that it was not for us, for Africa, that the musicians at Live 8 were singing; it was to amuse the crowds and to clear their own consciences, and whether they realized it or not, to reinforce dictatorships. There will be no limitation as to which country's handheld can play which country's version of the game. A Cameroonian op-ed appearing in the New York Times stated:. Games for the PSP are currently being encoded as region-free, and an official Sony statement [12] states that this will continue indefinitely. The concert was also been criticized by African intellectuals for not addressing issues such as corruption and governance. Sony has recently stated that PSP games will be region free while UMD Movies are region locked. Incidentally, artist 50 Cent cancelled his appearance due to a clash with his acting commitment for the upcoming film Get Rich Or Die Tryin'. However, support for regional lockout does not necessarily mean it will be used for all software. [14]. This scheme is based on the DVD CCA's DVD regional lockout scheme; Japanese PSP hardware already has a R2 logo on its box. Bob Geldof has been accused of compounding the original error by announcing an entirely African line-up ("Africa Calling") at a concert to be held at the Eden Project in Cornwall on the same day as the main Live 8 concerts. The PSP supports region locking for games and movies, which limits which software may be played on each region's hardware. Bob Geldof originally said that this was because he had aimed for the biggest-selling, most popular artists to ensure a large television audience; but critics noted that even if this was acceptable as the sole criterion for inclusion, some of the minor white artists signed up were substantially less well-known than some major African artists. (Some European PSPs had version 2.0 on the demo disc, but came preinstalled with version 1.5.) *See External Links for Firmware Release ChangeLogs. However, Youssou N'Dour and Dave Matthews of Dave Matthews Band, remained the only African-born artists signed to perform at the main concerts. Version 2.0 of the firmware was supplied on the demo disk inside the box of European PSPs, with version 1.52 preinstalled on the unit. A Live 8 spokesman said that a number of black performers had been approached to participate and that the event would feature a "large urban element", and pointed to the number of artists of African descent like Ms Dynamite. Various updates have included WPA-PSK encryption; a built-in web browser; the ability to stream audio using RSS; Location Free player (the PlayStation 3 will have this function built into it), keyboard input mode for Web input; AVC video playback from memory stick; audio switch function and 4:3 mode for memory stick video; GIF, BMP, PNG, and TIFF image viewing; AAC, ATRAC3plus, WAV and WMA audio playback from memory stick; wallpaper function; an image sharing feature; region-free streaming television and higher security for a recently discovered exploit in the Photo menu. Live 8 will make a difference – it's already created a debate that we're all involved in. The current firmware version is 2.60. In some way that's been addressed and that's really good.. While firmware updates can be used with PSPs from any region, Sony recommends only downloading firmware updates released for the corresponding region. I have said certain things in relation to the density of African performers.. The PSP's firmware is updatable via Wi-Fi infrastructure connection to a Sony server, by downloading the update application with a PC and transferring to the PSP via USB, or from a UMD disk (allowing games to update the firmware automatically). He told a reporter on 21 June:. User skins can also be made available through downloads or by game publishers within their game discs. Albarn is now reportedly happy about Live 8 now that they have addressed his criticism. For older versions of firmware there exist homebrew programs, such as PSPSet or PSPPersonalise, which allow changing the PSP's background. [13] Stevie Wonder, Black Eyed Peas, Alicia Keys, Destiny's Child, Jay-Z and Kanye West also turned up at Philadelphia to perform while Will Smith, Don Cheadle, Black Ice, Kami, and Chris Tucker made appearances as presenters. Firmware 2.0 and greater allows manual choice of color theme, or specify a wallpaper from any photos that the user has stored to the PSP memory card. So why is the bill so damn Anglo-Saxon?". Upon release, the default background color changed depending on the current month of the year, as follows:. "More than ever, black culture is an integral part of society. The OS may be accessed at any time in a game by pressing the "Home" button on the console. Damon Albarn re-iterated this criticism, saying that "This country [the UK] is incredibly diverse," he said. The main menu system allows the user to, amongst other things, adjust settings such as date, time, and the PSP's nickname for wireless networking, play video or audio files from the memory stick, load games or movie UMDs, check on estimated battery life, and set the PSP into a "link mode" which makes the inserted memory stick available to a PC via USB. London-based group Black Information Link described the list of performers at the Hyde Park event as "hideously white" [12], noting that Mariah Carey, Ms Dynamite and Snoop Dogg are the only non-white performers scheduled to perform at the event. It consists of a horizontal sequence of icons (Settings, Photo, Music, Video, Games, Network (added in 2.0; for now only features the tab-supported web browser and the LocationFree Player; 2.60 brought "RSS Reader" to the Network tab, which allows users to stream RSS 2.0 (audio) feeds through the Internet.)) which when highlighted show a vertical sequence of sub-icons (for example, selecting Games allows the memory stick or a UMD to be selected). These artists did not sing the same songs but still performed at both events:. The PSP's main menu interface is the "Cross Media Bar (XMB)" used by recent Sony TVs and the PSX hardware. Songs are listed with their Live Aid performers, with the artists who sang the songs at Live 8 (if different) in brackets:. These are similar in concept to the cheap battery life extenders available for mobile telephones. These songs were sang at both Live Aid and Live 8 (although some not by their original artists). These are typically either USB charging cables that allow the PSP to charge from any PC with a USB port or are simply a series of AA batteries with a voltage regulator. Geldof was immediately criticised by Lothian and Borders Police chief constable Ian Dickenson for encouraging such a large crowd to assemble in Edinburgh with such little notice and no consultation with local authorities about how to accommodate so many people. A number of companies are now offering other chargers for the device. On June 1, Bob Geldof called for a million people to descend upon Edinburgh in a "Long Walk to Justice", on July 6, the first day of the G8 summit at Gleneagles, in a separate protest to the one held on the 2nd [11]. The PSU itself is about the same size as a deck of cards. I also want to pay tribute to the organizers of the march who have achieved their objectives through meticulous planning and cooperation. This multivoltage power supply is internally and externally similar to but not compatible with similar ones used with Sony's CLIÉ PDAs, and the power lead is a standard figure-of-eight cable similar to the power cable used with the PlayStation and PlayStation 2. I want to pay tribute to the crowd of 225,000 who came and cooperated with the police to make this a successful and memorable occasion. The system ships with a multivoltage power supply for recharging the battery, allowing it to be charged in any country with the appropriate power lead. They raised applause from the marchers by stopping to bow before Starbucks and McDonald's while chanting "Two, four, six, eight, we really must accumulate." . It is available in Japan, the U.S., and Europe. A group at the head of the procession through the city were dressed in business suits. Additionally, in late 2005, Sony released a battery that has a 20% higher charge capacity. Marchers were addressed by celebrities, political and religious leaders who supported the reduction of world poverty. There is also a variety of third-party batteries that have more than twice the battery life compared to the standard Sony battery. The marchers had been asked to wear white to make a symbolic ring of white through the city, matching the Make Poverty History white wrist band. A Sony high-speed charger is available as an optional accessory. An estimated total of 225,000 people took part, making it the largest ever protest in the Scottish capital. One is thus able to purchase extra batteries as an accessory; at the Japanese launch, they cost ¥5,040 including tax (around US$47, €37, £26, AU$62). This protest had been organised by the Make Poverty History group and local authorities as part of a series of events in Edinburgh commemorating the G8 conference, and had been planned for months before the announcement of Live 8. The PSP's battery is removable for replacement by the end-user. On July 2, the same day as the Live 8 concerts, a rally and protest march was held in central Edinburgh, near the Gleneagles venue for the G8 conference later that week. While full-length movie UMDs were not available for this test, a repeating loop of the demo UMD bundled in the Value Pack provided a little over four hours of playback on a full charge. [10]. The system is capable of approximately ten hours of MP3 playback from memory stick on a full charge and around half this for AVC playback. In fact, the 35,000 free tickets for the Canadian show were all distributed in just 20 minutes on 23 June 2005, Ticketmaster reported. In one test[11], this dropped to approximately two and three quarter hours when using Wi-Fi multiplayer continuously. Similar scalper situations arose for the Edinburgh and Canadian shows, and eBay halted sales of those tickets as well. In practice, tests using Ridge Racer have given between three and a half and slightly less than six hours of continuous gameplay, depending on screen brightness and volume. Others have argued, though, that selling the tickets would not have done any harm to the people Live 8 is supposed to be helping and it would have allowed those who missed the random selection a chance to go to the concert. Currently the PSP's CPU is fabricated using a 90-nm process, but eventually Sony will shift to 65-nm and 45-nm when the technology becomes available. It was later announced that eBay, under pressure from the British government, the public, as well as Geldof himself, would withdraw all auctions of the tickets. Ken Kutaragi, president of Sony Computer Entertainment, has compared the system to the Walkman, in that battery life will be improved with each product revision, and has outlined some steps (switching to a different fabrication process, for example) which will be used to improve the system's endurance. Many people, angered by others seemingly using Live 8 to make money, placed fake bids for millions of pounds for such auctions in an attempt to force the sellers to take them off sale. Battery life is heavily dependent on the game chosen; technically simpler games such as Lumines tend to extend the battery life of the system, with graphically advanced games (or games that frequently access the UMD drive) such as Grand Theft Auto: Liberty City Stories tending toward shorter battery life. They also promised to make a donation to Live 8 that would be "at least equal to any fees" they would be making for such sales. The system's manual states that the PSP is capable of three to six hours of gameplay, depending on the screen brightness or volume level selected. Initially, eBay defended their decision to allow the auctions to go ahead, stating that there were no laws against their sale. The PSP uses a rechargeable lithium-ion battery for power (an AC adaptor is included for charging and running from the mains). This was heavily criticised by the organisers of the event, including Bob Geldof. The PSP was preceded in this regard by Nokia's N-Gage in 2003, the Nintendo DS, and the Tapwave Zodiac in 2004. Some lucky people who won tickets immediately placed them for sale on the Internet auction site eBay, with the intention of making a profit. Nonetheless, the implementation of a GPU in the PSP is still a significant technological advance, in that it implements robust hardware-rendering for 3D graphics in the handheld market. Funds raised beyond the £1.6m "will go to pay for the costs of Live 8, as it is a free event", according to the Live 8 website. Unlike Sony's PlayStation 2 console, the GPU (PS2 Vector Unit equivalent) is not programmable, meaning that many effects that the PS2 can resolve in hardware must be implemented in software on the PSP. The £1.6m donation will act as a quid pro quo. Specifications state that the PSP is capable of rendering 33 million flat-shaded polygons per second, with a 664 million pixel per second fill rate [10]. This event was cancelled in 2005 to make way for Live 8. The independent 166 MHz 90 nm graphics chip sports 2 MiB embedded memory and through its 512 bit interface it provides hardware polygon and NURBS rendering, hardware directional lighting, clipping, environment projection and texture mapping, texture compression and tessellation, fogging, alpha blending, depth and stencil tests, vertex blending for morphing effects, and dithering, all in 16 or 32 bit colour, along with handling image output. The Prince's Trust usually host the Party in the Park concert in Hyde Park in July. It doesn't have integrated memory. The first £1.6m raised is to be given to the Prince's Trust, who in turn will donate to the Help A London Child charity. The Coprocessor 0 that normally manages the TLB-based MMU seems to be a custom effort by Sony. Thus texters had a roughly one-in-28 chance of winning a pair of tickets. No evidence of a TLB has been found to date. Over two million texts were sent during the competition, raising £3 million. There is no memory management unit for the CPU. Winners were drawn at random from those correctly answering the question. The system has 32 MiB of main RAM and 4 MiB of embedded DRAM. Entry involved sending the answer to a multiple choice question via a text message costing £1.50. The primary CPU core is responsible for traditional game processor functions; the secondary core, dubbed the "Virtual Media Engine," is responsible for decoding multimedia, for example the H.264 decoder. Although the concerts were free, 66,500 pairs of tickets for the Hyde Park concert were allocated from the 13 June 2005 to 15 June 2005, to winners of a mobile phone text message competition that began on Monday, 6 June 2005. Exploits could, on previous firmware versions, unlock 333 MHz operation to seemingly no ill effect (except a slight decrease in battery life), but changes to the power management in firmware 2.60's kernel have since made this impossible. Millions of paper petitions and emails have already been submitted. Overheating concerns have also been cited as a possible reason for the cap, and gaming site Gamesradar has said this is the "most logical reason for the processor capping." The cap was previously set at the level of add-on software, not through the firmware (though the crossbar runs at 222 MHz). Named the "Live 8 List", this can be reached via the Live8 List page. During the GDC, Sony revealed that it has currently capped the PSP's CPU clock at 222 MHz; apparently in an attempt to lengthen battery life. An enormous petition with (presently) over 38 million names is available to be signed on the Internet. The PlayStation Portable's CPU is a dual-core MIPS32 R4000-based CPU, each core being globally clocked between 1 and 333 MHz. The event coincided with the 2005 G8 summit at the Gleneagles Hotel, Perthshire, Scotland, and the idea behind it was to overwhelm the eight politicans attending with the amount of public support for the principles of the Make Poverty History campaign. The most noticeable element of the PSP is its 110 mm/4.3" (diagonal) 16:9 ratio TFT LCD screen sporting a 480 x 272 pixel resolution capable of 16.77 million colours. The Live 8 concert was not a fundraising event of any kind; rather, the organisers were hoping that it would spur people's political interest. The unit measures 170 mm (6.7 in) in length, 74 mm (2.9 in) in width, and 23 mm (0.9 in) in depth, and weighs 280g / .62 lbs (including battery). The Live Aid concert, held in 1985, was a massive fundraising effort which accumulated approximately £79 million, which was sent to the world's poorest countries in aid. The PlayStation Portable (PSP) was designed by Shi Ogasawara [小笠原氏] for the Sony Computer Entertainment company. We don't want your money, we want your voice. South Korean PSPs will ship with software providing web browsing and multimedia streaming features, but only through company-owned Wi-Fi hotspots, and with a monthly fee[9]. Included in the line-up were Pink Floyd playing for the first time together in over 24 years. launch, supporting online play. Guest presenters, ranging from sporting stars to comedians, also introduced acts. Use of infrastructure networks in PSP software began with a small number of titles at the U.S. Special guests appeared throughout the concerts, with Kofi Annan, the Secretary-General of the United Nations, and Bill Gates making a speech at the London show and Nelson Mandela appearing in the South African venue. Packet tunneling systems are in development by third-parties which allow any Wi-Fi game to operate across the Internet (see External links). Some of these were also shown to other venues. Navy Seals) and an as-of-yet untitled MMORPG, have been announced which use this wireless network functionality. Bob Geldof was at the event in Hyde Park, London and made numerous appearances on stage, including a performance of "I Don't Like Mondays". launch games (Including the multi-million selling game, SOCOM: U.S. This was to represent the death of a child every three seconds, due to poverty. A handful of titles, including sixteen U.S. During the opening of the Philadelphia concert, Will Smith led the combined audiences of London, Philadelphia, Berlin, Rome, Paris and Barrie (outside Toronto) in a synchronised finger click. The PSP's menu can recognize protected and non-protected wireless networks within its range, and attempt to request a firmware update from Sony's servers. The first to begin was held at the Makuhari Messe in Japan, with Rize being the first of all the Live 8 performers. The PSP's main menu allows the user to configure the system for use across the Internet via a wireless connection, known as infrastructure mode. There were ten concerts held on 2 July 2005, most of them simultaneously. With the update of 2.0 or higher the PSP can use the Ad-Hoc technology to send pictures from one PSP to the other. . Hosting a game in this manner increases power consumption and reduces battery life by as much as fifty percent, depending on the complexity of data transfer. It was released almost a year to the day after the release of the DVD of Live Aid on November 8, 2004. One unit can act as the host for a game, which is available to other PSP units within that systems range, and appears in a list when the client PSP searches for available hosts. An official Live 8 DVD set was released on 7 November 2005 internationally, 8 November 2005 in the United States. The launch titles Ridge Racer and Lumines, for example, support this. However, it is important to note that Live 8, unlike Live Aid, wasn't intended to raise money, but awareness and political pressure. Ad-hoc wireless networking allows for up to 16 PSPs within range of each other to communicate directly, typically for multiplayer gaming. Indeed, as some of the performers involved had been out of the public eye, some may have perceived the concert as a way of getting back "into the spotlight". First party European titles Fired Up and Wipeout Pure both shipped with Gamesharing features; subsequent titles have followed suit. Other critics say that millionaire rock stars would make greater contribution by donating parts of their personal fortunes. Such "Gameshare versions" of software usually have their feature set reduced and are intended, for example, to allow the multiplayer aspects of the software to be used while holding back single player or bonus functionality. eBay later removed the tickets, after some controversy. A self-contained version of the game being shared is sent to the remote PSP over the wireless network, whereupon it boots and runs as though loaded from a UMD disc. Some ticket holders placed their tickets on the auction site eBay, creating an uproar which included Geldof demanding that the company remove the auctions, even encouraging hackers to attack eBay. As the Nintendo DS does with its DS Download Play, the PSP allows one user to share his or her game with a third party, usually—but not necessarily—as a precursor to multiplayer gaming. Names from the list also appeared on the giant televisions at each concert during the broadcast. The update included a web browser and support for connecting to networks with WPA and WEP encryption. This is a list of names compiled from around the world of people who have voiced support of the Live 8 mission to "Make Poverty History" www.live8list.com. A version 2.0 firmware update was released on July 27, 2005 for Japanese PSPs, and August 24, 2005 for North American PSPs. Organizers of Live 8 presented the "Live 8 List" to the world leaders at the G8 summit. Use of wireless network features increases the power consumption and lowers the battery life of the system. Many of the Live 8 backers were also involved in the largely forgotten NetAid concerts. As the PS3 has only recently been unveiled, details on link-up features are slim, however Hideo Kojima has discussed the possibility of a link-up between Metal Gear Solid 4 and Metal Gear Ac!d 2. These concerts are the start point for The Long Walk To Justice, the one way we can all make our voices heard in unison." [4]. Wi-Fi (IEEE 802.11b) support allows the PSP to connect to wireless networks, other PSP units for multiplayer gaming, the Internet and Sony's upcoming PlayStation 3. Geldof said "This is not Live Aid 2. It is still at it's beta stages and can only run about 50% of EBOOTs. However Geldof and co-organiser Midge Ure have since explicitly said they don't think of the event as the same as Live Aid. An EBOOT Loader for 2.60 has already been released by Fanjita. [2] [3]) referred to the event as Live Aid 2. Although a bug found in the game Grand theft Auto : Liberty City Stories, a bug has e=been found and has seemed to open the door for homebrew once again. Prior to the official announcement of the event many news sources (see e.g. Recently the 2.60 update has been released, the main features include streaming of podcast audio directly from the web using an RSS feed; and also playback of the WMA audio format (this requires online activation). Many former Live Aid acts offered their services to the cause. Also added were the Korean character set, the ability to play copyrighted movies, form history on the web browser, and time and date synchronization via the internet. Live Aid and Band Aid organizer Bob Geldof announced the event on 31 May 2005. If owners own a LocationFree Base Station at home, they can play streaming movies, over the Internet, from anywhere in the world, on their PSP. [1]. It also included the LocationFree Player [8]. More than 1,000 musicians performed at the concerts, which were broadcast on 182 television networks and 2,000 radio networks. Speculation states 2.50 was launched to attract users to upgrade: blocking any possible means of homebrew. On 7 July the G8 leaders pledged to double 2004 levels of aid to Africa from US$25 to US$50 billion by the year 2010. After the 2.01 firmware version SONY released the new 2.50. Ten simultaneous concerts were held on 2 July and one on 6 July. This upgrade fixed the image overload buffer problem that allowed the PSP to be "downgraded" via a homebrew hack. Running parallel with the UK's Make Poverty History campaign, the shows planned to pressure world leaders to drop the debt of the world's poorest nations, increase and improve aid, and negotiate fairer trade rules in the interest of poorer countries. On October 3, 2005, firmware version 2.01 was released. They were timed to precede the G8 Conference and Summit held at the Gleneagles Hotel in Perthshire, Scotland from July 6-8, 2005; they also coincided with the 20th anniversary of Live Aid. It also added support for WPA-PSK wireless encryption. Live 8 was a series of concerts that took place in July 2005, in the G8 nations and South Africa. It also added the ability to send photos wirelessly to another PSP system and allowed owners to use an image as background wallpaper. U2. The firmware upgrade added the ability to play MP4 AAC audio files, ATRAC3plus audio files from a Memory Stick Pro Duo, MPEG-4 AVC video files (if encoded using a proprietary Sony encoding), as well as view GIF, Bitmap (BMP), and TIF image files. Pink Floyd's David Gilmour (played with Bryan Ferry in 1985, and with Pink Floyd in 2005). It was also packaged in the retail product for European and Australian PSPs. Paul McCartney. Sony released firmware update version 2.0 on July 27, 2005 in Japan and on August 24, 2005 in North America. Neil Young. Game and movie trailers, in particular, are increasingly available, even from the studio's official site. Madonna. Many movie files, both free-to-distribute and pirated, have been encoded for the PSP and are available on the internet. George Michael. A hundred-minute feature film can fit on a 256 MB Memory Stick. Elton John. (This is enough for a 30 minute television episode with the commercials removed) This means that a 512 MB Memory Stick can hold approximately nine of these files. DMC (performed as part of Run DMC at Live Aid). With reasonable settings (a resolution of 320x240, a video bit rate of 500 Kilobits per second, and an audio sampling rate of 22050 kHz) a 22 minute movie file is roughly 55 megabytes. "Won't Get Fooled Again" - The Who. Video file sizes largely depend on the audio and video bit rates. "We Will Rock You" - Queen (Robbie Williams). Using these tools, nearly any digital video file (including movie files ripped from DVDs or digital video recorders like the TiVo) can be played on a PSP, after conversion to AVC. "Vienna" - Ultravox (Midge Ure). Additionally, some FOSS programs, such as FFmpeg can be used to convert video into a properly sized and formatted PSP video file. "Tears Are Not Enough" - Bryan Adams. Some popular alternatives include Media Boss for PSP, PSP Movie Creator, PSP Video Express, Xcopy9, PSPWare, iPSP, Mobile Media Maker, PSP Video 9, 3GP Converter and PSP Multimedia Extender all simplify the task of converting and transferring files to and from the PSP's Memory Stick. "Save A Prayer" - Duran Duran. A cottage industry has grown around offering useful tools for converting and copying files for use on the PSP. "Rat Trap" - Boomtown Rats (Bob Geldof). Sony's software is not the only toolset for getting music or movies onto a PSP, however. "I Don't Like Mondays" - Boomtown Rats (Bob Geldof). Sony's SonicStage software can be used to copy *.mp3 and ATRAC files to the PSP as well. "Good Vibrations" - The Beach Boys (Brian Wilson). It will also convert most common still image files into JPEG format. "Every Breath You Take" - Sting and Phil Collins (Sting). It can convert *.avi, MPEG1/2/4, QuickTime and *.wmv movie files to AVC, as well as the "Giga Pocket" and "Do VAIO" files used by VAIO PCs to record television. "Driven To Tears" - Sting. A preview version was made available shortly after the PSP launch. 8 November 2005: Official Live 8 DVD released in North America. Sony has announced that Image Converter 2, a piece of PC software for converting video files to AVC for playback on CLIÉ PDAs, will be available before the end of the year, and may be used with the PSP. 7 November 2005: Official Live 8 DVD released internationally. Unlike UMD movies, resolution of movies on a memory stick is limited to 76,800 pixels (320x240, 368x208, 480x160, etc.), resulting in lower quality movies than UMD movies. 25 October 2005: Official Live 8 Africa Calling at the Eden Project DVD released. A corresponding thumbnail image file (160x120 pixel JPEG files renamed with the .THM extension) with the same file name (besides the extension) of the movie file can optionally be placed in the same directory. 8 July 2005: Live 8 organizer Bob Geldof thanks the G8 for meeting the Live 8 goal. Since firmware version 2.00, users can upload movies with a Sony proprietary AVC codec encoding, by putting them in the /MP_ROOT/100ANV01 Folder, and named as MAQ#####.MP4. Leaders pledge to increase aid to developing countries by US$50 billion overall by 2010, including an increase of US$25 billion in aid for Africa. The file(s) must be placed in the /MP_ROOT/100MNV01 directory on the Memory Stick, and be named in the following format: M4V#####.MP4 (where "#" is any digit). 8 July 2005: The G8 summit ends. The PSP also has the capability to decode MPEG-4 Part 2 and MPEG-4 Part 3 from the *.mp4 container, if located on the Memory Stick. 6 July 2005: Edinburgh 50,000 - The Final Push concert in Edinburgh takes place. The system supports MP3 and Sony's ATRAC3 plus formats for audio, MPEG-4 for video on UMD discs, and JPEG images. 3 July 2005: Sail 8 flops. The PSP is capable of displaying still image, movie, and audio files stored on the UMD disk format or a memory stick. Main concerts start. Additionally, due to the smaller size of the UMD, special features that are on the DVD equivalents are usually cut out. 2 July 2005: The march against poverty in Edinburgh starts and continues mostly peacefully, with an estimate of 200,000 people involved with the march. Because the UMDs cannot be played on a television via some output cable (due to Universal Studios being late among major American motion picture studios to commit to the UMD format) and because few G-rated titles are available in the format, UMDs have been criticized for not truly being "universal." As in many other shortcomings, a third-party hack can allow the PSP to display on a TV set, however using this hack involves removing the faceplate of the PSP. 2 July 2005: AOL Music begins broadcasting streams from each city live and on-demand at Aolmusic.com[9]. The initial North American releases included House of Flying Daggers, xXx, Hellboy, Once Upon a Time in Mexico, Spider-Man 2, and Resident Evil: Apocalypse from Sony Pictures, along with Kill Bill: Volume 1 and Kill Bill Volume 2 (Miramax) and Pirates of the Caribbean from Disney Pictures. 28 June 2005: ABC say they will broadcast a two-hour highlights event at 8pm ET on 2 July in prime time. Movies on UMD were first made available in April 2005. Acts include Pet Shop Boys, The Red Elvises and Bravo. (Japanese releases have been somewhat more eclectic, and include UMD/DVD combination packs [6] and pornography.) On June 22, 2005, Sony confirmed that both House of Flying Daggers and Resident Evil: Apocalypse have both sold more than 100,000 copies each[7]. 27 June 2005: Live 8 Russia, in Moscow's Red Square, announced. Most releases provide alternate audio languages and content, subtitles, and special features. Acts in Japan concert include Björk, Good Charlotte, while acts in Johannesburg concert include African stars such as 4Peace Ensemble and Oumou Sangare. Anime companies, such as Bandai, Geneon, FUNimation, and Viz Media are planning to release anime series, such as Trigun, and Gungrave, and movies, such as Gundam Wing: Endless Waltz, the Ah! My Goddess movie, and Ghost in the Shell to name a few. 24 June 2005: Live 8 Japan and South Africa announced. Pictures, Twentieth Century Fox, Lions Gate Entertainment, Sony Pictures, New Line Cinema, Paramount Pictures, DreamWorks Pictures, and Anchor Bay Entertainment. 23 June 2005: All 35,000 tickets for Canadian show are taken within 20 minutes of being made available online [8]. Companies releasing UMD movies (or will release) include Disney, Warner Bros. Country Music Television and VH1 Classic will show highlights on July 3 in favor of their viewer's genres. Because of the UMD's relatively large storage space (1.8 gigabytes) and the PSP's large display screen, some film studios have released feature films in the UMD format with pricing comparable to DVD videos. 22 June 2005: In the United States, MTV, MTV2, mtvU, and VH1 all confirm that they will broadcast Live 8 starting at Noon ET. This is probably in large part due to the small size of the screen, combined with the fact that unlike the PS1, the PSP's graphics chip performs texture filtering. Albarn's band Blur was originally a part of the Live 8 line-up, but withdrew after complaining of the event being too "Anglo-Saxon". While most of the available games are less complex than games available on PS2, the graphics nonetheless tend to be much closer in quality to the PS2 than the PS1. Live 8 will make a difference - it's already created a debate that we're all involved in." [7]. The graphics and audio capabilities of the PSP lie somewhere between those of the original PlayStation and the PlayStation 2. In some way that's been addressed and that's really good.. While it is used in the same way as the analog thumb stick of a modern console, the resistance springs are calibrated differently: They are softer, making quick, coarse adjustments a bit easier, but fine-grained ones a bit more difficult. He told a reporter: "I have said certain things in relation to the density of African performers.. Concerns existed regarding the practicality of the input (its position requires a slightly asymmetrical grip on the unit to adequately use, with the left hand being lower than the right). 21 June 2005: Damon Albarn, who recently criticised Live 8 for the lack of African artists, is now reportedly happy about Live 8 now that they have addressed his criticism. Its odd placement initially led to speculation that it was a speaker (there are two holes on the front of the PSP that are also not speakers, but are made to look like them, the actual speakers are on the bottom). The event will be hosted by comedians Dan Aykroyd and Tom Green. The PSP's analog input, often called the "analog nub," is not a traditional analog stick, but rather a sliding flat panel. Acts include Bryan Adams, Barenaked Ladies, and more. The UMD disks are small enough to fit comfortably in a pocket, and superficially similar to Sony's earlier product, the MiniDisc, but for the lack of a protective shutter and slightly different cartridge shape. 21 June 2005: "Live 8 Canada" announced. There is also a row of secondary controls along the underside of the screen, for controlling volume, music settings (either switching the audio off and on in games or selecting different equalizer presets in the OS), screen brightness, accessing the system's main menu, as well as the standard Start and Select buttons. 17 June 2005: The LIVE 8 List, a petition to the G8 leaders, is launched. The PSP's inputs are geared for gaming rather than multimedia, with two shoulder buttons (triggers), the iconic PlayStation face buttons start and select buttons, a digital 4-directional pad, and an analog input. 16 June 2005: Geldof announces three more concerts for 2 July, to be held in Johannesburg, South Africa, Makuhari, Japan, and Toronto/Barrie, Canada. [5]. [6]. Since its launch in September the PSP sold 610,000 through to December 10 in the UK, with the UK having "performed better than any other European territory". Senegalese musician Youssou N'Dour will host the event, which will also feature performances by African performers Maryam Mursal, Salif Keita and Thomas Mapfumo. It is estimated 2.6 million PSP units have been sold in Japan through to 2006 via the Media Create tracking service [4]. The event is to be held in Cornwall, southwest England, on 2 July. At CES Sony indicated it had sold 4 million PSPs to consumers in North America [3] including December sales. 15 June 2005: It is announced that Peter Gabriel will organize a sixth simultaneous Live 8 concert dubbed "Africa Calling" featuring all African artists, to counter criticisms that most performers announced to date are white. It is estimated that Sony has sold 2.5 to 3 million PSP units in the US [2] through to November. 14 June 2005: eBay announces that they will block the selling-on of tickets after Geldof calls on the public to rally against the internet auction site. Note that these figures are PSP units shipped, not sold. 11 June 2005: G8 finance ministers agree to cancel the debt owed by 18 of the poorest countries. Shipments there total 4.5 million units and are followed in the ranking by Asia, at 3 million, and then Europe, at 2.5 million, SCEI said. 7 June 2005: Midge Ure announces a concert to be held in Murrayfield Stadium in Edinburgh, Scotland on 6 July as the climax to the proposed rally. SCEI has shipped the greatest number of PSPs in North America. 1.5 million text messages are received in the first day. [1]. 6 June 2005: Text lottery launched in the UK for tickets for the London concert. By hitting 10 million units shipped in 10 months it marked the "fastest penetration speed" of any PlayStation platform. [5] He also supported Geldof's call for a peaceful protest rally in Scotland. Sony was expecting a large boost in sales by the end of the year with the creation of the PSP Giga Pack, which debuted at the start of the holiday season. He estimates that this will save the organisers £500,000. The figures are not for how many PSPs have actually been sold. 3 June 2005: British Chancellor Gordon Brown announces that VAT will be waived on the cost of the London concert. These are only figures for the number of PSP units shipped to retailers, however. Geldof calls for a coinciding march on Edinburgh to protest poverty, "What's better - two days of work? Two days of geometry? Or participating in something you will remember all your life," he says. As of Friday October 21, 2005, the PSP had shipped 10 million units worldwide. 31 May 2005: Official announcement of Live 8 concerts by Bob Geldof. The PSP's major rival, the Nintendo DS, is considered to be in the same market as the PlayStation Portable (though representatives from both companies have stated that each system targets a different audience). The Giga Pack was released in Japan on October 31, 2005, North America on November 3, 2005, and also released on 17th November 2005 in Europe. The suggested retail price is ¥29,800 in Asia, $299 in North America, and £214.99 in the UK. It will also contain all of the other accessories found in the standard PSP Value Pack, except for the hand strap. On October 20, 2005, Sony announced the PSP Giga pack, which will contain a 1 GB Memory Stick Pro Duo, a USB Cable, and a stand. This variation is unlikely to ever be released outside of Japan and South Korea. This PSP is the same as the black one, with the box, system and slip case now in white. On July 21, 2005, Sony announced in an event in Tokyo, Japan that there would be a ceramic white version of the PSP that was released on September 15, 2005 in Japan and later released in South Korea. The Giga Pack contains a console, battery, a 1 GB Memory Stick Duo, headphones with remote control, a slip-case, a stand, and USB cable. (The standard pack is only available in Japan) The Value Pack contains the console, battery, a 32 MB Memory Stick Duo, ear bud headphones with remote control, a slip-case, a wrist strap, and a Sampler Disc (in some territories), for USD $249.99, CDN $315.98, £180.00, ¥26,040 or AUD $399.00. In all territories the PSP is available as part of a Value Pack, and in most territories it is also available as part of a Giga Pack. . The PSP was first announced during E³ 2003 and was unveiled on May 11, 2004 at a Sony press conference during E³ 2004. It is Sony's first entry into handheld systems. The PlayStation Portable (officially PSP), a handheld game console, is a product of Sony Computer Entertainment. December – Red. November – Light Brown. October – Gold. September – Violet. August – Sky Blue/Blue/Dark Blue. July – Aqua. June – Purple. May – Dark Green. April – Pink. March – Green. February – Yellow. January – Gray. PNG. TIF. BMP. GIF. JPEG. Images
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WMA (requires firmware v2.6 and acceptance of licence agreement to activate WMA playback capability). ATRAC3. MP3. Audio
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