Snowboarding

Snowboarder in a half-pipe Snowboarder trail entry

Snowboarding is a boardsport on snow similar to skiing, but inspired by surfing and skateboarding. Snowboarding is an increasingly common winter sport throughout the world where participants attach a wooden board to their feet and slide down a snow-covered mountain.

A snowboarder's equipment consists of a snowboard, snowboarding boots, bindings to attach their boots to the board, as well as snowboarding-specific winter clothing. Snowboarding became a Winter Olympic Games medal-eligible sport in 1998. Other events that focus on snowboarding are the annual European and U.S. Open Snowboarding Championships and the Winter X-Games. These events are hosted by various winter resorts in the United States, Canada, and Europe.


History

The snowboard evolved from early pioneering work by people such as Sherman Poppen (who invented the "Snurfer" in his North Muskegon, Michigan home), Tom Sims, and Jake Burton. Jake Burton is the founder of Burton Snowboards, one of the largest, and most established snowboard companies in the world. In the early 1980's, snowboard companies began emerging across the country. Burton, Sims, Winterstick, and Avalanche snowboards originated from other parts of the country. In the early 1980's films by Warren Miller began to feature clips of snowboarders boosting the popularity of the sport among the skiing community. It wasn't until the mid 1980s when snowboarding exploded into the main stream when the first snowboard magazine, "Absolutely Radical", hit the racks, soon to be followed by "International Snowboard Magazine". For more on the history of snowboarding, see this Snowboard History Timeline.

Disciplines

There are four primary sub-disciplines or sub-styles within snowboarding with each favoring a slightly different snowboard design.

Freeride

Freeriding is using the natural terrain of the mountain for recreation, without focusing on technical tricks or racing. Most snowboarders aspire to be freeriders and will explore the mountain through trees, in powder bowls or anywhere else they feel comfortable riding. Freeriding is also known as all-mountain snowboarding. A variant of freeriding focusing on extremely difficult lines is extreme snowboarding.

Freeride snowboarding, where the focus is on riding cleanly and enjoying the freedom to go and explore anywhere is influenced significantly by surfing. Many freeride purists attach an almost spiritual connotation to carving down the mountain.

Freestyle

Freestyle snowboarding is the practice of doing different kinds of tricks on a snowboard. Tricks can either occur on the ground (e.g. jibbing, bonking, grinding, pressing, buttering, ground spins etc.) or in the air (e.g. spins, flips, grabs). Freestyle snowboarders typically use shorter, softer boards and softer boots than other snowboarders, as the shorter board length reduces the weight and moment of inertia, making it easier to spin and maneuver, and the softer gear makes the board more forgiving to control for the particular demands of freestyle riding, such as slower speeds, high landing impacts, quick turns, and imperfect landings. Also, freestyle snowboards most likely have a true twin tip, in that the sidecut radius is equal on both sides of the board. This is important because many freestyle snowboarders are landing switch from how they hit their jumps or their tricks, and they need to be able to ride away with ease. Softer boots and boards also allow riders more flexibility in body movement and the ability to reach very convoluted or stretched out, stylish body positions (known as tweaking it).

Freestyle snowboarding is arguably the most popular discipline, and is certainly the focus of most of the lifestyle marketing in the snowboarding industry. Freestyle is probably most demanded because of the thrill. Most snowboarders are thrill seekers and love to do tricks in terrain parks, which has inherent risks. Freestyle snowboarding can be done almost anywhere that has snow.

Freestyle snowboarding is influenced greatly by skateboarding. Many ski resorts operate terrain parks which often simulate the urban skateboard environment, complete with handrails, funboxes, and machine-formed jumps.

Alpine

Alpine snowboarding is the practice of turning by carving the snowboard (such that the board is tracking along the edge of the board), as opposed to skidding the snowboard (where the board is traveling in a different direction than it is pointing). Both traditional snowboard racers (though not necessarily boardercross racers) and recreational carvers are alpine snowboarders.

Alpine riders use hard plastic snowboarding boots, which resemble ski boots, except that they tend to be less stiff in the ankles and have a shortened heel, to minimize hanging over the edge of the snowboard. They tend to angle their feet much more forward than other snowboarders, and so also ride narrower boards. Alpine boards are usually, but not always, longer and much stiffer than freeride boards, as the particular demands of carving usually require as much usable edge length as possible. The hard plastic boots stiffens the ankle joint up significantly, making it more difficult to make small ankle adjustments while making skid turns, but making the board much more stable and powerful at higher speeds and the much higher g-forces typically felt by an alpine snowboarder in carved turns.

An analogy made by some alpine enthusiasts is that freeride and freestyle snowboards are like dirt bikes, and alpine/carving snowboards are like road bikes. (Hence riding a freestyle snowboard on groomed slopes is like riding a dirtbike on a road track or what is called SuperMoto).

A common misconception is that alpine snowboarding necessitates riding very quickly or racing. In fact, the only real defining characteristic of alpine snowboarding is that alpine snowboarders turn often and very hard while engaging the board in a carve. Short slalom boards with very short sidecut radii, for example, are alpine boards but can only be carved at slow speeds.

Alpine snowboarding is significantly less popular than other kinds of snowboarding, especially in the United States.

Powder Riding

Powder, which occurs after a heavy snowstorm, is a specific type of snow that is very light, fluffy, and most likely deep. Powder is very famous for being the most fun and sometimes challenging ski and snowboarding, solely because it is so soft. The bad thing about powder is that is if it sits for too long it gets compacted and becomes much harder and sometimes even icy. Even though it is hard to categorize areas in terms of powder, Powder on the east coast (USA) is generally not as common or as good as the powder on the west (USA). Generally colder climates sport the lightest, driest powder, and countries like Japan are becoming known as powder havens.

In places where almost all of the runs are groomed, and powder is a rare find, you must venture into the tree trails. Powder makes for much smoother turns and in all smoother riding. Powder also makes for softer landings and reduced chances of injury compared to man made terrain parks, though landing in deep snow can take some practice. The only bad part of skiing or snowboarding in powder is that if you fall, sometimes it can be very difficult to get yourself out of the very deep powder snow.


Backcountry

Andrew Hardingham drops a giant cliff in Alberta, Canada during the filming of Warren Miller’s latest movie, Impact.

This type of boarding started out with fresh powder-craving snowboarders who, most likely, didn't have the cash to spend at crowded upscale ski parks. In fact, before snowboarding was allowed at resorts, this was the only form of snowboarding; Jake Burton, one of the original pioneers of snowboarding, never even considered resorts; backcountry was what he envisioned as the future of snowboarding. Today, backcountry snowboarding is often for those who have enough cash to afford trips to Alaska or the mountain ranges of the West, to ride outside resorts. Donning snowshoes or a split-board with skins, the backcountry snowboarder cuts a new path up the side of the mountain in search of the very best vistas and untouched snow. Some of those more cash-endowed riders can even hire snowcats or helicopters to take them where they want to go; this is known as catboarding or heliboarding respectively.

The split-board is exactly that, a snowboard cut right down the middle. When apart, the two halves can be used like cross-country skis to shuffle up the hill. At the top of the run, the halves are recombined, and the bindings rotated back into their sideways positions. Those that don't make use of the split-board will usually strap their board to their back and hike with snowshoes.

Snowboarders also use snowmobiles to ride in the backcountry. If the hill is too steep a snowmobile may not make it up the hill. Often snowboarders use snowmobiles to make jumps into the powder.

Safety is key when hiking and riding in the backcountry, especially after a fresh 'dump' of powder. Snow can be extremely unstable, often leading to avalanches. Backcountry riders are advised to take extreme caution in all conditions, to carry avalanche equipment including a probe, beacon, and shovel, and never to ride alone in the backcountry. Avalanche equipment can be purchased or rented at outdoor equipment stores. Courses in avalanche safety are also available.

Construction

The various components of a snowboard are:

  • a core: the bulk of a snowboard, the core is the interior of the snowboard. It is typically comprised of a solid material, normally either wood, foam, or some composite plastic. The properties of the core directly affect important characteristics of the board, such as flexibility and weight.
  • a base: this is the bottom of the board which is made of a graphitic material that is saturated with a wax that creates a very quick smooth, hydrophobic surface. Because the base of the board comprises the bulk of the board's interaction with the snow, it is important that it be as slippery with respect to the snow as possible. For this reason, different base waxes are available for different snow conditions. If the board is damaged, a new base pattern can be stone-ground into the board. If the base becomes significantly damaged, the board may become sluggish, or if the damage is deep enough, it may even weaken the core.
  • an edge: a strip of metal, tuned normally to just less than 90-degrees, that runs the length of either side of the board. This sharp edge is necessary to be able to produce enough friction to ride on ice, and the radius of the edge directly affects the radius of carving turns, and in turn the responsiveness of the board. Kinking, rusting, or general dulling of the edge will significantly hinder the ability for the edge to grip the snow, so it is important that this feature is maintained.
  • there is also the "dgb" which is wood that goes in different directions over the core of the board to increase control. This construction feature is not included in all board designs.

For a more detailed description, see Board construction.

Instruction

Snowboard instruction is available at almost every ski resort from certified snowboard instructors. Professional instruction is a good way to learn proper technique, safety policies, mountain etiquette and resort rules.

Snowboard lessons, as with ski lessons, can either be group or private lessons. Group lessons are often cheaper, but often have a high student-teacher ratio, resulting in less individual attention. Private lessons can be taught one-on-one or between a small group. Private lessons are often far more expensive than group, as it is the snowboarding analogue of being privately tutored. The rapport developed between an instructor and a student who returns for multiple lessons is the real benefit derived from private lessons; one is taught better by a teacher who knows them, and a student is more likely to heed the advice of someone they trust.

Typically, beginner snowboard lessons focus on very basic, common snowboarding skills. The first lesson often begins with basic safety policies, stretching, and learning to fall, then progresses to snowboarding with one foot on the board (particularly skating and J-turns). Then students learn how to turn and stop with both feet in. Other important beginner skills to learn are the falling leaf technique, side-slipping, and lift procedures. More advanced techniques that are taught in later lessons are linking turns, edge control, weight distribution, edge pressure, and eventually carving. As students progress in ability they can seek out specialized instruction in areas such as terrain park skills (jumps, rails, and pipes), mogul technique, off-piste riding, powder riding, and racing.

Safety

Wearing safety gear is highly recommended. The body parts most affected by injuries are the wrists, the tailbone and the head. Useful safety gear includes wrist guards, padded or protected snowboard pants and a helmet.

Padding can be useful on other body parts like hips, knees, spine and shoulders. Padding can be specialized for snowboarding, or it can cross sports. For example, knee pads used for volleyball can be useful for snowboarding. They can be useful for the many times that a snowboard rider may wish to rest on the knees, such as after coming to a stop.

General safety tips for winter sports, alpine conditions and skiing should also be respected.

Snowboarding vs Skiing

There is a known culture clash between skiers and snowboarders. The culture clash has shown significant signs of diminishing as more and more snow sport enthusiasts are choosing to snowboard and more parks/resorts are allowing it. There has been much debate as to the origins of the clash. Mitigating factors may include different blind spot locations for skiiers and boarders, different riding styles and different philosphies on what snow riding is about. It is almost certain that one of the origins of animosity is the average age disparity between skiiers and snowboarders.

Videos and movies

Snowboard videos have become a huge part of the sport. Each season, many different snowboard films are released, usually in September. Production companies work all year developing these videos.

On December 2, 2005, a feature film was released called "First Descent", which documented the history of the sport as well as its modern day stars. SNOWBOAD YA BABY

Video Podcasts

Regularly updated video content that is available for download via any aggregator.

Snowflix - Your video iPod-ready weekly snow fix from the Alps.

Ridertech.com - Skiing and snowboarding video blog from the Pacific Northwest.

Northeast Skiing Video Podcast - Video podcast about skiing in the Northeast of the US.

High Cascade - Located on Mt. Hood, HCSC has been the world's leading summer camp since 1989.

Effective Edge TV - Video podcast that covers all aspects of snowboarding from music, resorts, and new products.

shralp! - Die aktuelle Snowboard-Wochenschau auf Deutsch.

CRYSTAL (cookie) IS BEAUTIFUL !!!!

New developments

The combination of kiteboarding technology with snowboarding has led to the creation of a new sport, snowkiting. Using the pull of the wind, snowkiters are able to make massive jumps and travel uphill.


This page about snowboarding includes information from a Wikipedia article.
Additional articles about snowboarding
News stories about snowboarding
External links for snowboarding
Videos for snowboarding
Wikis about snowboarding
Discussion Groups about snowboarding
Blogs about snowboarding
Images of snowboarding

Using the pull of the wind, snowkiters are able to make massive jumps and travel uphill. Costco has issued a document [3] clearly leveled at the charges of mural damage and unnecessary tree removal. The combination of kiteboarding technology with snowboarding has led to the creation of a new sport, snowkiting. Costco tore down the Casino de la Selva in Cuernavaca, Mexico, to build a store there and has faced opposition [1] from TIAA-CREF shareholders as well as its own shareholders [2]. CRYSTAL (cookie) IS BEAUTIFUL !!!!. A yearly event (usually in mid-July) is pizza week, where $3 coupons are distributed for whole pizzas. shralp! - Die aktuelle Snowboard-Wochenschau auf Deutsch. The chicken strips found in chicken bakes are the same chicken strips used in the chicken salads.

Effective Edge TV - Video podcast that covers all aspects of snowboarding from music, resorts, and new products. The company has added other types of food, such as pizza, chicken bakes, chicken salad, smoothies, churros, pretzels and ice cream. Hood, HCSC has been the world's leading summer camp since 1989. The hot dogs used are kosher and the brands used are Sinai Kosher or Hebrew National. High Cascade - Located on Mt. As a matter of fact, the price of the hot dog and soda is still the same price as it was when they first opened, $1.50, a price Jim Sinegal has stated will remain indefinitely. Northeast Skiing Video Podcast - Video podcast about skiing in the Northeast of the US. These began as stand-alone impromptu arrangements outside of warehouses but are now built directly into current warehouses as actual mini-restaurants.

Ridertech.com - Skiing and snowboarding video blog from the Pacific Northwest. Finally, Costco is well known for its hot dog stands. Snowflix - Your video iPod-ready weekly snow fix from the Alps. Even the membership fee is fully refundable at any time. Regularly updated video content that is available for download via any aggregator. Computers, which most retailers loathe to accept for a refund, have a six-month return period. SNOWBOAD YA BABY. Buyers effectively "rent" the product temporarily by buying and later returning it for a refund.

On December 2, 2005, a feature film was released called "First Descent", which documented the history of the sport as well as its modern day stars. Many people take advantage of this with DVDs, software and other media. Production companies work all year developing these videos. Unlike other stores, Costco allows returns of opened media. Each season, many different snowboard films are released, usually in September. Costco has a very generous product return policy that allows customers to return most products indefinitely. Snowboard videos have become a huge part of the sport. They have also introduced an automobile purchasing program where members can purchase new cars at specially arranged prices.

It is almost certain that one of the origins of animosity is the average age disparity between skiiers and snowboarders. Costco also acts as a broker for services such as investment products and travel including air travel and cruise vacations. Mitigating factors may include different blind spot locations for skiiers and boarders, different riding styles and different philosphies on what snow riding is about. Some locations have liquor stores which are usually separate in order to comply with liquor license restrictions. There has been much debate as to the origins of the clash. Many stores have tire garages, pharmacies,Hearing Aid Centers, optometrists, photo processing and gas stations. The culture clash has shown significant signs of diminishing as more and more snow sport enthusiasts are choosing to snowboard and more parks/resorts are allowing it. It now sells many other products that are more difficult to handle, such as fresh produce, meat, seafood, fresh baked goods, flowers, clothing, books, software, home electronics, jewelry, art and furniture.

There is a known culture clash between skiers and snowboarders. Initially it preferred to sell only boxed products that could be dispensed by simply tearing the shrinkwrap off a pallet. General safety tips for winter sports, alpine conditions and skiing should also be respected. Over the years, Costco has gradually expanded its range of products and services. They can be useful for the many times that a snowboard rider may wish to rest on the knees, such as after coming to a stop. Sinegal in 2004, saying "it's better to be an employee or a customer than a shareholder." Sinegal counters that good wages and benefits more than pay for themselves by holding down employee turnover, reducing employee theft and by appealing to a certain percentage of affluent customers who appreciate that the low prices do not come at the workers' expense. For example, knee pads used for volleyball can be useful for snowboarding. Wall Street analyst Bill Dreher of Deutsche Bank criticized Mr.

Padding can be specialized for snowboarding, or it can cross sports. A recent estimate (New York Times, July 17, 2005) puts Costco's average pay at $17 per hour, or 42% higher than Walmart-owned "Sam's Club". Padding can be useful on other body parts like hips, knees, spine and shoulders. These perks are the highest in the industry and especially surprising considering Costco's price-centric sales strategy (similar to Wal-Mart's, a company criticized for its low pay and refusal to offer benefits to most employees). Useful safety gear includes wrist guards, padded or protected snowboard pants and a helmet. For instance, a cashier with four years of experience can earn more than $40,000 with full benefits, including medical, dental, Rx, disability, and life, and is even entitled to participate in a 401k program and purchase stock options. The body parts most affected by injuries are the wrists, the tailbone and the head. Costco is noted for providing full benefits and comparatively generous compensation to its employees.

Wearing safety gear is highly recommended. This use of float is a major advantage in its own right; Costco is essentially borrowing money from their suppliers with no interest. As students progress in ability they can seek out specialized instruction in areas such as terrain park skills (jumps, rails, and pipes), mogul technique, off-piste riding, powder riding, and racing. Since Costco has such high sales volume and rapid inventory turnover, it is able to receive cash from the sale of a large portion of its inventory before it has to pay back its suppliers. More advanced techniques that are taught in later lessons are linking turns, edge control, weight distribution, edge pressure, and eventually carving. This encourages consumers to regularly visit their local warehouse for surprise deals. Other important beginner skills to learn are the falling leaf technique, side-slipping, and lift procedures. In many other categories the company constantly seeks the best deals currently available, so products will appear and disappear over short periods of time.

Then students learn how to turn and stop with both feet in. In some product categories, the company does not rotate products often, so customers can expect certain brands of snacks or beverages to be in stock indefinitely. The first lesson often begins with basic safety policies, stretching, and learning to fall, then progresses to snowboarding with one foot on the board (particularly skating and J-turns). Many of the products it stocks are high quality at a reasonable cost instead of inferior quality at a low price. Typically, beginner snowboard lessons focus on very basic, common snowboarding skills. Costco concentrates more on overall value than the lowest possible price for its product range. The rapport developed between an instructor and a student who returns for multiple lessons is the real benefit derived from private lessons; one is taught better by a teacher who knows them, and a student is more likely to heed the advice of someone they trust. Rather, stores carry only a few very popular product categories and selected products within each category.

Private lessons are often far more expensive than group, as it is the snowboarding analogue of being privately tutored. Unlike many retailers, stores do not maintain a full range of every product type and every major brand within each product category. Private lessons can be taught one-on-one or between a small group. Besides frugality, Costco is also famous for its idiosyncratic inventory practices. Group lessons are often cheaper, but often have a high student-teacher ratio, resulting in less individual attention. Costco caps its profit margin on most products at 14% and allows itself slightly higher margins only on its Kirkland Signature store brand (a name derived from its previous headquarters in Kirkland) with a strict 15% profit limit. Snowboard lessons, as with ski lessons, can either be group or private lessons. This contrasts with other retailers who take the additional trouble to break down pallets and stock individual products on shelves.

Professional instruction is a good way to learn proper technique, safety policies, mountain etiquette and resort rules. Most products are delivered to the store on shipping pallets, and the pallets are used to display products for sale on the retail floor. Snowboard instruction is available at almost every ski resort from certified snowboard instructors. The company's warehouses are sparsely decorated, with the exception of colorful marketing banners. For a more detailed description, see Board construction. The corporate jet is not used unless it is filled to capacity. The various components of a snowboard are:. Costco doesn't have a public relations department either, believing it is unnecessary.

Courses in avalanche safety are also available. In fact, many senior executives, including Costco's CEO, use office furniture that was purchased from the Boeing Company when Costco was started. Avalanche equipment can be purchased or rented at outdoor equipment stores. Costco is able to charge sometimes astonishingly low prices by keeping overhead low, returning savings to consumers. Backcountry riders are advised to take extreme caution in all conditions, to carry avalanche equipment including a probe, beacon, and shovel, and never to ride alone in the backcountry. Purchases made with gift cards, called Costco cash also do not require a membership. Snow can be extremely unstable, often leading to avalanches. Purchases made at Costco's website do not require a membership, however a 5% surcharge is added to purchases made by non-members.

Safety is key when hiking and riding in the backcountry, especially after a fresh 'dump' of powder. Memberships must be purchased in advance; the cheapest membership costs $45 for one year. Often snowboarders use snowmobiles to make jumps into the powder. The food court where one can purchase fast food items such as hot dogs and pizza is open to both members and non-members. If the hill is too steep a snowmobile may not make it up the hill. As a warehouse club, Costco is open to only members and their guests, except for purchases of liquor, gasoline and prescription drugs in some US states due to state law and liquor license restrictions. Snowboarders also use snowmobiles to ride in the backcountry. These goods are usually bulk-packaged and sold primarily to large families, small businesses and small business owners' families.

Those that don't make use of the split-board will usually strap their board to their back and hike with snowshoes. Costco's success is a result of its focus on selling products at low prices, often at very high volume. At the top of the run, the halves are recombined, and the bindings rotated back into their sideways positions. As of 2005, Sinegal and Brotman act as Chief Executive Officer and President and Chairman, respectively. When apart, the two halves can be used like cross-country skis to shuffle up the hill. Costco's closest competitor, Wal-Mart-owned Sam's Club, has two hundred more stores than Costco, yet routinely earns more than $1 billion less in revenues each year. The split-board is exactly that, a snowboard cut right down the middle. Costco employs about 103,000 full- and part-time employees, and for fiscal year 2004, ended in August, the company's store sales rose 13% to $47.1 billion.

Some of those more cash-endowed riders can even hire snowcats or helicopters to take them where they want to go; this is known as catboarding or heliboarding respectively. As of July 2005 Costco has 456 locations:. Donning snowshoes or a split-board with skins, the backcountry snowboarder cuts a new path up the side of the mountain in search of the very best vistas and untouched snow. Costco has also changed the site of its corporate headquarters from the city of Kirkland, Washington, to Issaquah, Washington. Today, backcountry snowboarding is often for those who have enough cash to afford trips to Alaska or the mountain ranges of the West, to ride outside resorts. In 1997, PriceCostco changed its name back to Costco, under which the company currently operates. In fact, before snowboarding was allowed at resorts, this was the only form of snowboarding; Jake Burton, one of the original pioneers of snowboarding, never even considered resorts; backcountry was what he envisioned as the future of snowboarding. Costco's web site was first introduced in 1995, and it started conducting e-commerce in 1998 at Costco.com.

This type of boarding started out with fresh powder-craving snowboarders who, most likely, didn't have the cash to spend at crowded upscale ski parks. In 1993, Costco and Price Club merged, forming "PriceCostco." The combined company had 206 locations generating $16 billion in annual sales and created the company's current structure.
. This new venture proved very successful; Costco became the first company ever to grow from zero to $3 billion in sales in less than six years. The only bad part of skiing or snowboarding in powder is that if you fall, sometimes it can be very difficult to get yourself out of the very deep powder snow. Its unique model of serving primarily small-business owners proved very successful, prompting James Sinegal and Jeffrey Brotman to open the first Costco warehouse location in Seattle. Powder also makes for softer landings and reduced chances of injury compared to man made terrain parks, though landing in deep snow can take some practice. Costco's first location, opened in 1976 under the "Price Club" name, was housed in a Quonset hut in San Diego.

Powder makes for much smoother turns and in all smoother riding. . In places where almost all of the runs are groomed, and powder is a rare find, you must venture into the tree trails. Costco Wholesale Corporation NASDAQ: COST is the largest membership warehouse club chain in the world, and headquartered in Issaquah, Washington, United States, with its flagship warehouse #1 in nearby Seattle. Generally colder climates sport the lightest, driest powder, and countries like Japan are becoming known as powder havens. 4 in Taiwan. Even though it is hard to categorize areas in terms of powder, Powder on the east coast (USA) is generally not as common or as good as the powder on the west (USA). 5 in Japan, and.

The bad thing about powder is that is if it sits for too long it gets compacted and becomes much harder and sometimes even icy. 5 in South Korea,. Powder is very famous for being the most fun and sometimes challenging ski and snowboarding, solely because it is so soft. 16 in the United Kingdom (1 additional store opening soon),. Powder, which occurs after a heavy snowstorm, is a specific type of snow that is very light, fluffy, and most likely deep. 25 in Mexico,. Alpine snowboarding is significantly less popular than other kinds of snowboarding, especially in the United States. 65 in Canada,.

Short slalom boards with very short sidecut radii, for example, are alpine boards but can only be carved at slow speeds. 336 in the United States and Puerto Rico,. In fact, the only real defining characteristic of alpine snowboarding is that alpine snowboarders turn often and very hard while engaging the board in a carve. A common misconception is that alpine snowboarding necessitates riding very quickly or racing. (Hence riding a freestyle snowboard on groomed slopes is like riding a dirtbike on a road track or what is called SuperMoto).

An analogy made by some alpine enthusiasts is that freeride and freestyle snowboards are like dirt bikes, and alpine/carving snowboards are like road bikes. The hard plastic boots stiffens the ankle joint up significantly, making it more difficult to make small ankle adjustments while making skid turns, but making the board much more stable and powerful at higher speeds and the much higher g-forces typically felt by an alpine snowboarder in carved turns. Alpine boards are usually, but not always, longer and much stiffer than freeride boards, as the particular demands of carving usually require as much usable edge length as possible. They tend to angle their feet much more forward than other snowboarders, and so also ride narrower boards.

Alpine riders use hard plastic snowboarding boots, which resemble ski boots, except that they tend to be less stiff in the ankles and have a shortened heel, to minimize hanging over the edge of the snowboard. Both traditional snowboard racers (though not necessarily boardercross racers) and recreational carvers are alpine snowboarders. Alpine snowboarding is the practice of turning by carving the snowboard (such that the board is tracking along the edge of the board), as opposed to skidding the snowboard (where the board is traveling in a different direction than it is pointing). Many ski resorts operate terrain parks which often simulate the urban skateboard environment, complete with handrails, funboxes, and machine-formed jumps.

Freestyle snowboarding is influenced greatly by skateboarding. Freestyle snowboarding can be done almost anywhere that has snow. Most snowboarders are thrill seekers and love to do tricks in terrain parks, which has inherent risks. Freestyle is probably most demanded because of the thrill.

Freestyle snowboarding is arguably the most popular discipline, and is certainly the focus of most of the lifestyle marketing in the snowboarding industry. Softer boots and boards also allow riders more flexibility in body movement and the ability to reach very convoluted or stretched out, stylish body positions (known as tweaking it). This is important because many freestyle snowboarders are landing switch from how they hit their jumps or their tricks, and they need to be able to ride away with ease. Also, freestyle snowboards most likely have a true twin tip, in that the sidecut radius is equal on both sides of the board.

Freestyle snowboarders typically use shorter, softer boards and softer boots than other snowboarders, as the shorter board length reduces the weight and moment of inertia, making it easier to spin and maneuver, and the softer gear makes the board more forgiving to control for the particular demands of freestyle riding, such as slower speeds, high landing impacts, quick turns, and imperfect landings. spins, flips, grabs). jibbing, bonking, grinding, pressing, buttering, ground spins etc.) or in the air (e.g. Tricks can either occur on the ground (e.g.

Freestyle snowboarding is the practice of doing different kinds of tricks on a snowboard. Many freeride purists attach an almost spiritual connotation to carving down the mountain. Freeride snowboarding, where the focus is on riding cleanly and enjoying the freedom to go and explore anywhere is influenced significantly by surfing. A variant of freeriding focusing on extremely difficult lines is extreme snowboarding.

Freeriding is also known as all-mountain snowboarding. Most snowboarders aspire to be freeriders and will explore the mountain through trees, in powder bowls or anywhere else they feel comfortable riding. Freeriding is using the natural terrain of the mountain for recreation, without focusing on technical tricks or racing. There are four primary sub-disciplines or sub-styles within snowboarding with each favoring a slightly different snowboard design.

For more on the history of snowboarding, see this Snowboard History Timeline. It wasn't until the mid 1980s when snowboarding exploded into the main stream when the first snowboard magazine, "Absolutely Radical", hit the racks, soon to be followed by "International Snowboard Magazine". In the early 1980's films by Warren Miller began to feature clips of snowboarders boosting the popularity of the sport among the skiing community. Burton, Sims, Winterstick, and Avalanche snowboards originated from other parts of the country.

In the early 1980's, snowboard companies began emerging across the country. Jake Burton is the founder of Burton Snowboards, one of the largest, and most established snowboard companies in the world. The snowboard evolved from early pioneering work by people such as Sherman Poppen (who invented the "Snurfer" in his North Muskegon, Michigan home), Tom Sims, and Jake Burton. .


. These events are hosted by various winter resorts in the United States, Canada, and Europe. Open Snowboarding Championships and the Winter X-Games. Other events that focus on snowboarding are the annual European and U.S.

Snowboarding became a Winter Olympic Games medal-eligible sport in 1998. A snowboarder's equipment consists of a snowboard, snowboarding boots, bindings to attach their boots to the board, as well as snowboarding-specific winter clothing. Snowboarding is an increasingly common winter sport throughout the world where participants attach a wooden board to their feet and slide down a snow-covered mountain. Snowboarding is a boardsport on snow similar to skiing, but inspired by surfing and skateboarding.

This construction feature is not included in all board designs. there is also the "dgb" which is wood that goes in different directions over the core of the board to increase control. Kinking, rusting, or general dulling of the edge will significantly hinder the ability for the edge to grip the snow, so it is important that this feature is maintained. This sharp edge is necessary to be able to produce enough friction to ride on ice, and the radius of the edge directly affects the radius of carving turns, and in turn the responsiveness of the board.

an edge: a strip of metal, tuned normally to just less than 90-degrees, that runs the length of either side of the board. If the base becomes significantly damaged, the board may become sluggish, or if the damage is deep enough, it may even weaken the core. If the board is damaged, a new base pattern can be stone-ground into the board. For this reason, different base waxes are available for different snow conditions.

Because the base of the board comprises the bulk of the board's interaction with the snow, it is important that it be as slippery with respect to the snow as possible. a base: this is the bottom of the board which is made of a graphitic material that is saturated with a wax that creates a very quick smooth, hydrophobic surface. The properties of the core directly affect important characteristics of the board, such as flexibility and weight. It is typically comprised of a solid material, normally either wood, foam, or some composite plastic.

a core: the bulk of a snowboard, the core is the interior of the snowboard.