Snowboarding

Using the pull of the wind, snowkiters are able to make massive jumps and travel uphill. In the Marillion song Bitter Suite from "Misplaced Childhood" there is a reference to Lyon. The combination of kiteboarding technology with snowboarding has led to the creation of a new sport, snowkiting. Lyon is twinned with:. CRYSTAL (cookie) IS BEAUTIFUL !!!!. The long list of notable Lyonnais includes:. shralp! - Die aktuelle Snowboard-Wochenschau auf Deutsch. Despite occasional problems with the technology infrastructure or lack of cards in vending machines, it seems to have been adopted as a viable means of public transport.

Effective Edge TV - Video podcast that covers all aspects of snowboarding from music, resorts, and new products. The system was introduced in May 2005 and was a huge success in its first few months of operation. Hood, HCSC has been the world's leading summer camp since 1989. Known as Vélo'v, it is owned and operated by the advertising company JCDecaux, which refers to it as Cyclocity. High Cascade - Located on Mt. Lyon has a public bicycle network of 2000 bikes which can be picked up and dropped off at points around the city. Northeast Skiing Video Podcast - Video podcast about skiing in the Northeast of the US. In addition to the extensive metro and bus system, Lyon has a tramway system.

Ridertech.com - Skiing and snowboarding video blog from the Pacific Northwest. The TCL (Transport en Commun Lyonnais : Lyon's Public transport) serves 62 communes of the Lyons agglomeration and constitutes the second grid system jointly French. Snowflix - Your video iPod-ready weekly snow fix from the Alps. Metro: see Lyon Metro. Regularly updated video content that is available for download via any aggregator. 1982. SNOWBOAD YA BABY. It was the first city to be connected by the TGV c.

On December 2, 2005, a feature film was released called "First Descent", which documented the history of the sport as well as its modern day stars. Lyon is connected to the North (Lille, Paris) and the South (Marseille, Montpellier) by the TGV. Production companies work all year developing these videos. Airport: Saint-Exupéry International Airport. Each season, many different snowboard films are released, usually in September. The red vestments of the canons of Lyon are said to have given rise to red becoming the signature color of the cardinals, in a decree promulgated under Pope Innocent IV at the First Council of Lyons, 1245. Snowboard videos have become a huge part of the sport. The archdiocese dates to Roman times before Franks entered modern France (see history above).

It is almost certain that one of the origins of animosity is the average age disparity between skiiers and snowboarders. The Roman Catholic Archbishop of the city holds the title "Primate of the Gauls" (Primat des Gaules) and is the leading Archbishop of France. Mitigating factors may include different blind spot locations for skiiers and boarders, different riding styles and different philosphies on what snow riding is about. Two of France's best known wine-growing regions are located near Lyon: the Beaujolais to the North, and the Côtes du Rhône to the South. There has been much debate as to the origins of the clash. During the event, the local population places candles in their windows and the city of Lyon organizes and projects impressive large-scale light shows onto the sides of important Lyonais monuments, such as the mediaeval Cathédral St-Jean. The culture clash has shown significant signs of diminishing as more and more snow sport enthusiasts are choosing to snowboard and more parks/resorts are allowing it. December 8 each year is marked by "la Fête de la Lumière" (the Festival of Lights), a celebration of thanks to the Virgin Mary, who purportedly saved the city from a deadly plague in the Middle Ages.

There is a known culture clash between skiers and snowboarders. The Lumière brothers invented cinema in the town in 1898. General safety tips for winter sports, alpine conditions and skiing should also be respected. For several centuries Lyon has been known as the capital of gastronomy, fine handweaving, and the silk trade. They can be useful for the many times that a snowboard rider may wish to rest on the knees, such as after coming to a stop. Lyon was an early center for printing books, and nurtured a circle of 16th century poets. For example, knee pads used for volleyball can be useful for snowboarding. Interpol headquarters is located in this neighborhood.

Padding can be specialized for snowboarding, or it can cross sports. This area also contains the Parc de la tête d'or, one of Europe's largest urban parks. Padding can be useful on other body parts like hips, knees, spine and shoulders. Across the Rhône from the presqu'ile sits modern Lyon, home to the urban center Lyon Part-Dieu; central France's only skyscraper; and most of the city's population. Useful safety gear includes wrist guards, padded or protected snowboard pants and a helmet. Specifically, it is the largest clear square (i.e., without any patches of greenery, trees or any other kind of obstacles) in Europe. The body parts most affected by injuries are the wrists, the tailbone and the head. On the peninsula (presqu'ile) between the rivers Rhône and Saône, is the third largest public square in France, and one of the largest in Europe, the Place Bellecour.

Wearing safety gear is highly recommended. The Saint-Jean and the Croix-Rousse areas, which are noted for their narrow passageways (traboules) that pass through buildings and link the streets either side, were designated UNESCO World Heritage Sites in 1998. As students progress in ability they can seek out specialized instruction in areas such as terrain park skills (jumps, rails, and pipes), mogul technique, off-piste riding, powder riding, and racing. Croix-Rousse the hill that works was traditionally home to the many small silk workshops, an industry for which the city was renowned. More advanced techniques that are taught in later lessons are linking turns, edge control, weight distribution, edge pressure, and eventually carving. Fourvière, known as the hill that prays is the location for the highly decorated Notre-Dame de Fourvière basilica, several convents, the palace of the Archbishop, the Tour métallique (a highly visible TV tower) and a funicular. Other important beginner skills to learn are the falling leaf technique, side-slipping, and lift procedures. The Rhône and Saône rivers meet at the south end of the city, which is dominated by the two hills Fourvière and the Croix-Rousse.

Then students learn how to turn and stop with both feet in. (See also Klaus Barbie.) The traboules, or secret passages, through the houses enabled the local people to escape Gestapo raids. The first lesson often begins with basic safety policies, stretching, and learning to fall, then progresses to snowboarding with one foot on the board (particularly skating and J-turns). Lyon was a centre for the occupying German forces and also a stronghold of resistance during World War II, and the town is now home to a resistance museum. Typically, beginner snowboard lessons focus on very basic, common snowboarding skills. The 1831 uprising saw one of the first recorded uses of the black flag as an emblem of protest. The rapport developed between an instructor and a student who returns for multiple lessons is the real benefit derived from private lessons; one is taught better by a teacher who knows them, and a student is more likely to heed the advice of someone they trust. The silk workers of Lyon, known as canuts, staged two major uprisings: in 1831 and 1834.

Private lessons are often far more expensive than group, as it is the snowboarding analogue of being privately tutored. Bartholomew's Day Massacres in 1572. Private lessons can be taught one-on-one or between a small group. Lyon was a scene of mass violence against Huguenots in the St. Group lessons are often cheaper, but often have a high student-teacher ratio, resulting in less individual attention. Thanks to the silk trade, Lyon became an important industrial town during the 19th century. Snowboard lessons, as with ski lessons, can either be group or private lessons. During the Renaissance, the city developed with the silk trade, especially with Italy; the Italian influence on Lyon's architecture can still be seen.

Professional instruction is a good way to learn proper technique, safety policies, mountain etiquette and resort rules. When international banking moved to Genoa, then Amsterdam, Lyon simply became the banking center of France; its new Bourse (treasury), built in 1749, still resembled a public bazaar where accounts were settled in the open air. Snowboard instruction is available at almost every ski resort from certified snowboard instructors. The fairs in Lyon, the invention of Italian merchants, made it the economic countinghouse of France in the late 15th century. For a more detailed description, see Board construction. 327). The various components of a snowboard are:. Fernand Braudel remarked, "Historians of Lyon are not sufficiently aware of the bi-polarity between Paris and Lyon, which is a constant structure in French development" from the late Middle Ages to the Industrial Revolution (Braudel 1984 p.

Courses in avalanche safety are also available. In 843, by the Treaty of Verdun, Lyon, with the country beyond the Saône, went to Lothair I. Avalanche equipment can be purchased or rented at outdoor equipment stores. Burgundian refugees from the destruction of Worms by Huns in 437 were resettled by the military commander of the west, Aëtius, at Lugdunum, which was formally the capital of the new Burgundian kingdom by 461. Backcountry riders are advised to take extreme caution in all conditions, to carry avalanche equipment including a probe, beacon, and shovel, and never to ride alone in the backcountry. The great Christian bishop of Lyon in the 2nd century was the Easterner Irenaeus. Snow can be extremely unstable, often leading to avalanches. The Christians in Lyon were persecuted for their religious views under the reigns of the Roman emperors Marcus Aurelius and Septimus Severus.

Safety is key when hiking and riding in the backcountry, especially after a fresh 'dump' of powder. Two emperors were born in this city: Claudius and Caracalla. Often snowboarders use snowmobiles to make jumps into the powder. It then became the capital of Gaul, partly thanks to its fortunate site at the convergence of two navigable rivers, and quickly became the main city of Gaul. If the hill is too steep a snowmobile may not make it up the hill. Agrippa recognized that Lugdunum's position on the natural highway from northern to south-eastern France made it a natural communications hub, and he made Lyon the starting point of the principal Roman roads throughout Gaul. Snowboarders also use snowmobiles to ride in the backcountry. The three parts of Gaul mentioned by Caesar met at Lyon.

Those that don't make use of the split-board will usually strap their board to their back and hike with snowshoes. Lug's 'totem' was a cock (rooster), hence the Modern French association with 'le coq'. At the top of the run, the halves are recombined, and the bindings rotated back into their sideways positions. The name was latinised as Lugdunum; Lug was equated by the Romans to Mercurius. When apart, the two halves can be used like cross-country skis to shuffle up the hill. Lyon was founded as a Roman colony in 43 BC by Munatius Plancus, a lieutenant of Caesar, on the site of a Gaulish hill-fort settlement called Lug[o]dunon—from the Celtic sun god Lugus ('Light', cognate to Old Irish Lugh, Modern Irish Lú) and dúnon (hill-fort). The split-board is exactly that, a snowboard cut right down the middle. Lyon, similarly to Marseille and Paris is divided into 9 municipal arrondissements, referred to by number.

Some of those more cash-endowed riders can even hire snowcats or helicopters to take them where they want to go; this is known as catboarding or heliboarding respectively. Lyon is the capital of the Rhône-Alpes région, the préfecture of the Rhône département, and the capital of 14 cantons, covering 1 commune, and with a total population of 445,452 (1999). Donning snowshoes or a split-board with skins, the backcountry snowboarder cuts a new path up the side of the mountain in search of the very best vistas and untouched snow. . Today, backcountry snowboarding is often for those who have enough cash to afford trips to Alaska or the mountain ranges of the West, to ride outside resorts. Lyon is also the international headquarters of Interpol. In fact, before snowboarding was allowed at resorts, this was the only form of snowboarding; Jake Burton, one of the original pioneers of snowboarding, never even considered resorts; backcountry was what he envisioned as the future of snowboarding. Lyonnaise Region is an unofficial, popular name, not to be confused with the administrative région of Rhône-Alpes, which is much larger than the Lyonnaise Region.

This type of boarding started out with fresh powder-craving snowboarders who, most likely, didn't have the cash to spend at crowded upscale ski parks. Today the region around Lyon is still known as Lyonnais (French: le Lyonnais), or sometimes even as the Lyonnaise Region (French: Région Lyonnaise).
. The city gave its name to the Lyonnais province, of which it was the capital. The only bad part of skiing or snowboarding in powder is that if you fall, sometimes it can be very difficult to get yourself out of the very deep powder snow. Lyon is the capital of the Rhône-Alpes région, and the préfecture (capital) of the Rhône département. Powder also makes for softer landings and reduced chances of injury compared to man made terrain parks, though landing in deep snow can take some practice. Together with its suburbs and satellite towns, Lyon forms the second largest metropolitan area in France after Paris, with 1,648,216 inhabitants at the 1999 census, and approximately the 20th to 25th largest metropolitan area of Western Europe.

Powder makes for much smoother turns and in all smoother riding. Location: 45°46′1″N, 4°50′3″E. In places where almost all of the runs are groomed, and powder is a rare find, you must venture into the tree trails. Lyon (often Lyons in English) (French pronunciation: /ljɔ̃/) is a city in east central France. Generally colder climates sport the lightest, driest powder, and countries like Japan are becoming known as powder havens. A historical article about a 19th century flood inspired the 1979 song The Flood at Lyons by Renaissance. Even though it is hard to categorize areas in terms of powder, Powder on the east coast (USA) is generally not as common or as good as the powder on the west (USA). Yokohama, Japan, 1959 Yokohama's Sister City page.

The bad thing about powder is that is if it sits for too long it gets compacted and becomes much harder and sometimes even icy. Frankfurt, Germany, 1960. Powder is very famous for being the most fun and sometimes challenging ski and snowboarding, solely because it is so soft. Saint Louis, United States, 1975. Powder, which occurs after a heavy snowstorm, is a specific type of snow that is very light, fluffy, and most likely deep. Milan, Italy, 1966. Alpine snowboarding is significantly less popular than other kinds of snowboarding, especially in the United States. Guangzhou, China, 1988.

Short slalom boards with very short sidecut radii, for example, are alpine boards but can only be carved at slow speeds. Birmingham, Great Britain, 1951 Birmingham's Partner City page. In fact, the only real defining characteristic of alpine snowboarding is that alpine snowboarders turn often and very hard while engaging the board in a carve. Hector Guimard, Art Nouveau architect. A common misconception is that alpine snowboarding necessitates riding very quickly or racing. Bernard Pivot, journalist. (Hence riding a freestyle snowboard on groomed slopes is like riding a dirtbike on a road track or what is called SuperMoto). Caracalla, IIInd century roman emperor.

An analogy made by some alpine enthusiasts is that freeride and freestyle snowboards are like dirt bikes, and alpine/carving snowboards are like road bikes. Bertrand Tavernier, movies director. The hard plastic boots stiffens the ankle joint up significantly, making it more difficult to make small ankle adjustments while making skid turns, but making the board much more stable and powerful at higher speeds and the much higher g-forces typically felt by an alpine snowboarder in carved turns. Raymond Domenech, trainer French football team. Alpine boards are usually, but not always, longer and much stiffer than freeride boards, as the particular demands of carving usually require as much usable edge length as possible. Youri Djorkaeff, football player. They tend to angle their feet much more forward than other snowboarders, and so also ride narrower boards. Henri Cochet, tennis player.

Alpine riders use hard plastic snowboarding boots, which resemble ski boots, except that they tend to be less stiff in the ankles and have a shortened heel, to minimize hanging over the edge of the snowboard. Bishop Mathias Loras, the first Bishop of the Dubuque, Iowa Diocese. Both traditional snowboard racers (though not necessarily boardercross racers) and recreational carvers are alpine snowboarders. Jean-Michel Jarre, musician. Alpine snowboarding is the practice of turning by carving the snowboard (such that the board is tracking along the edge of the board), as opposed to skidding the snowboard (where the board is traveling in a different direction than it is pointing). Maurice Jarre, composer. Many ski resorts operate terrain parks which often simulate the urban skateboard environment, complete with handrails, funboxes, and machine-formed jumps. Marie-France Gaîté (la Gribouille), singer.

Freestyle snowboarding is influenced greatly by skateboarding. Antoine de Saint-Exupéry, aviation pioneer and writer. Freestyle snowboarding can be done almost anywhere that has snow. Tony Garnier, architect and utopian planner. Most snowboarders are thrill seekers and love to do tricks in terrain parks, which has inherent risks. Jules Favre, republican statesman. Freestyle is probably most demanded because of the thrill. Pierre Puvis de Chavannes, painter.

Freestyle snowboarding is arguably the most popular discipline, and is certainly the focus of most of the lifestyle marketing in the snowboarding industry. Shlomo Aviner, renowned Religious Zionist rabbi. Softer boots and boards also allow riders more flexibility in body movement and the ability to reach very convoluted or stretched out, stylish body positions (known as tweaking it). François Rabelais, 16th century writer. This is important because many freestyle snowboarders are landing switch from how they hit their jumps or their tricks, and they need to be able to ride away with ease. Louise Labé, 16th century poet. Also, freestyle snowboards most likely have a true twin tip, in that the sidecut radius is equal on both sides of the board. Cathédrale Saint-Jean.

Freestyle snowboarders typically use shorter, softer boards and softer boots than other snowboarders, as the shorter board length reduces the weight and moment of inertia, making it easier to spin and maneuver, and the softer gear makes the board more forgiving to control for the particular demands of freestyle riding, such as slower speeds, high landing impacts, quick turns, and imperfect landings. Cité Internationale, 1998, Renzo Piano, architect. spins, flips, grabs). Lyon Airport Railway Station, 1994, Santiago Calatrava, architect. jibbing, bonking, grinding, pressing, buttering, ground spins etc.) or in the air (e.g. Opéra National de Lyon, renovation and expansion 1993, Jean Nouvel, architect. Tricks can either occur on the ground (e.g. Guillaume Gilbert, architect.

Freestyle snowboarding is the practice of doing different kinds of tricks on a snowboard. Satolas Airport, 1975. Many freeride purists attach an almost spiritual connotation to carving down the mountain. Sainte Marie de La Tourette monastery, 1960, Le Corbusier, architect. Freeride snowboarding, where the focus is on riding cleanly and enjoying the freedom to go and explore anywhere is influenced significantly by surfing. La Mouche Cattle Market and Abbatoir, 1914, 1928, Tony Garnier, architect. A variant of freeriding focusing on extremely difficult lines is extreme snowboarding. Tour métallique de Fourvière, 1894.

Freeriding is also known as all-mountain snowboarding. La Martiniere Lyons. Most snowboarders aspire to be freeriders and will explore the mountain through trees, in powder bowls or anywhere else they feel comfortable riding. École Nationale des Travaux Publics de l'État. Freeriding is using the natural terrain of the mountain for recreation, without focusing on technical tricks or racing. ESDES Business School. There are four primary sub-disciplines or sub-styles within snowboarding with each favoring a slightly different snowboard design. Université Catholique de Lyon.

For more on the history of snowboarding, see this Snowboard History Timeline. Université Louis Lumière (Lyon II). It wasn't until the mid 1980s when snowboarding exploded into the main stream when the first snowboard magazine, "Absolutely Radical", hit the racks, soon to be followed by "International Snowboard Magazine". Université Claude Bernard (Lyon I). In the early 1980's films by Warren Miller began to feature clips of snowboarders boosting the popularity of the sport among the skiing community. Université Jean Moulin (Lyon III). Burton, Sims, Winterstick, and Avalanche snowboards originated from other parts of the country. Institution des Chartreux http://www.leschartreux.com.

In the early 1980's, snowboard companies began emerging across the country. Institut d'études politiques de Lyon. Jake Burton is the founder of Burton Snowboards, one of the largest, and most established snowboard companies in the world. Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon. The snowboard evolved from early pioneering work by people such as Sherman Poppen (who invented the "Snurfer" in his North Muskegon, Michigan home), Tom Sims, and Jake Burton. École nationale des beaux-arts de Lyon. . École Normale Supérieure Lettres et Sciences Humaines.

. École Normale Supérieure de Lyon. These events are hosted by various winter resorts in the United States, Canada, and Europe. EM Lyon (École de Management de Lyon). Open Snowboarding Championships and the Winter X-Games. École Centrale de Lyon. Other events that focus on snowboarding are the annual European and U.S. CPE Lyon.

Snowboarding became a Winter Olympic Games medal-eligible sport in 1998. A snowboarder's equipment consists of a snowboard, snowboarding boots, bindings to attach their boots to the board, as well as snowboarding-specific winter clothing. Snowboarding is an increasingly common winter sport throughout the world where participants attach a wooden board to their feet and slide down a snow-covered mountain. Snowboarding is a boardsport on snow similar to skiing, but inspired by surfing and skateboarding.

This construction feature is not included in all board designs. there is also the "dgb" which is wood that goes in different directions over the core of the board to increase control. Kinking, rusting, or general dulling of the edge will significantly hinder the ability for the edge to grip the snow, so it is important that this feature is maintained. This sharp edge is necessary to be able to produce enough friction to ride on ice, and the radius of the edge directly affects the radius of carving turns, and in turn the responsiveness of the board.

an edge: a strip of metal, tuned normally to just less than 90-degrees, that runs the length of either side of the board. If the base becomes significantly damaged, the board may become sluggish, or if the damage is deep enough, it may even weaken the core. If the board is damaged, a new base pattern can be stone-ground into the board. For this reason, different base waxes are available for different snow conditions.

Because the base of the board comprises the bulk of the board's interaction with the snow, it is important that it be as slippery with respect to the snow as possible. a base: this is the bottom of the board which is made of a graphitic material that is saturated with a wax that creates a very quick smooth, hydrophobic surface. The properties of the core directly affect important characteristics of the board, such as flexibility and weight. It is typically comprised of a solid material, normally either wood, foam, or some composite plastic.

a core: the bulk of a snowboard, the core is the interior of the snowboard.