Reindeer

Reindeer Research Program, University of Alaska Fairbanks. However, modern Jews prefer to play pranks on April Fools' day. Smith. In Judaism, the traditional day of pranks, hoaxes and mockery is Purim. Carrie Bucki with Greg Finstad and Tammy A. It is believed that people should go out on this date in order to escape the bad luck of number 13. 2004. This day is called "Sizdah bedar" (Out-door thirteen).

Reindeer Roundup! A K-12 Educator's Guide to Reindeer in Alaska. In Iran, people play jokes on each other on April 3, the 13th day of the Persian calendar new year (Norooz). The name Caribou is thought to come from a Mi'kmaq word that means "one that paws (the ground)". The Flemish tradition is for children to lock out their parents or teachers, only letting them in if they promise to bring treats the same evening or the next day. In Sami, the male is called sarve, a castrated bull (which in old time was performed by a bite) hierke and the female sex is called vaya. This custom also exists in certain areas of Belgium, including the province of Antwerp. Reindeer antler is powdered and sold as a nutritional or medicinal supplement to Asian markets. In Spanish-speaking countries, similar pranks are practiced on December 28, the Day of the Holy Innocents.

In Alaska, reindeer sausage is sold locally to supermarkets and grocery stores. The April 1 tradition in France includes poisson d'avril (literally "April's fish"), attempting to attach a paper fish to the victim's back without being noticed. Reindeer stew is the best-known dish in Lapland. They told the truth on the following week's show, where outtakes of Redknapp messing up his lines were also shown. Reindeer meatballs are sold canned.
. Reindeer meat is popular in the Scandinavian countries. The advent of the Internet as a worldwide communications medium has also assisted the pranksters in their work.

Reindeer herders on the Seward Peninsula have experienced significant losses to their herds from animals following the wild caribou during their migrations. Even normally serious news media consider April Fools' Day hoaxes fair game, and spotting them has become an annual pastime. Reindeer were introduced into Alaska near the end of the 19th century; they interbreed with native caribou subspecies there. Many media organizations have either unwittingly or deliberately propagated hoaxes on April Fools' Day. The fur and meat is sold, which is an important source of income. Children born on this day will experience good luck in most matters, except when it comes to gambling. The numbers of Russian herders have been drastically reduced since the fall of the Soviet Union. It is believed that marriage on April Fools' Day is inadvisable for a man, for he will be permanently ruled by his wife.

(Siberian reindeer are larger than their Scandinavian relatives.) For breeders, a single deer-owner usually own some hundreds or up to thousands of animals. It is said that one fooled by a pretty girl will later marry, or at least become friends, with her. Siberian deer-owners also use the reindeer to ride on. Anyone who fails to respond with a sense of humor to the tricks played on them is also said to be liable to suffer bad luck. It is believed that domestication started between Bronze Age-Iron Age. This stipulation may have been contrived by annoyed parents and school teachers wanting a respite from a full day of pranks. The reindeer has (or has had) an important economic role for all circumpolar peoples, including the Sami, Nenets, Khants, Evenks, Yukaghirs, Tjuktjer and Korjaker in Eurasia. Those done afterwards are supposed to bring bad luck to the perpetrator.

In the traditional lifestyle of the Inuit people and Northern First Nations people, the caribou is a source of food, clothing, shelter and tools. Traditionally, pranks are to be performed before noon. Wild caribou are still hunted in North America. A far more natural explanation would seem to be that the April fish would be a young fish and therefore easily caught. A regular mail run in Wales, Alaska used a sleigh drawn by reindeer. This has been explained from the association of ideas arising from the fact that in April the sun quits the zodiacal sign of the fish. The use of reindeer as semidomesticated livestock in Alaska was introduced in the late 1800s by Sheldon Jackson as a means of providing a livelihood for Native peoples there. In France the person befooled is known as poisson d'avril.

They are raised for their meat, milk, hides, and antlers, and for transportation. In Scotland the custom was known as "hunting the gowk," i.e. the cuckoo, and April-fools were "April-gowks," the cuckoo being there, as it is in most lands, a term of contempt. Reindeer have been raised in captivity for centuries in Finland, but are not considered fully domesticated, being referred to as "captive bred". Though the 1st of April appears to have been anciently observed in Great Britain as a general festival, it was apparently not until the beginning of the 18th century that the making of April-fools was a common custom. Diseases include brucellosis, foot rot, and keratitis (white-eye, an infection of the eye). Well before 1582 when King Charles IX of France brought in the new Gregorian calendar, French and Dutch references from respectively 1508 and 1539 describe April Fool's Day jokes and the custom of making them on the first of April. Roundworms and tapeworms can also afflict reindeer. However, it is unlikely that this explanation of April Fool's Day’s origin is correct.

Parasites include warble flies, mosquitoes, and nose bot flies. Thus the New Year's gifts and visits of felicitation which had been the feature of the 1st of April became associated with the first day of January, and those who disliked or did not hear about the change were fair butts for those wits who amused themselves by sending mock presents and paying calls of pretended ceremony on the 1st of April. Ravens can indirectly kill caribou calves by blinding them (eating their eyes). They were the first nation to adopt the reformed Gregorian calendar, Charles IX in 1564 decreeing that the year should begin with the 1st of January. In mesolithic and neolithic periods, Europeans hunted them, too. It has been plausibly suggested that Europe derived its April-fooling from the French [1]. Natural threats to caribou include avalanches and the predators wolves, wolverines, lynxes, bears, etc. The festival of the spring equinox is there termed the feast of Huli, the last day of which is the 31st of March, upon which the chief amusement is the befooling of people by sending them on fruitless errands.

Males usually split apart from the group and become solitary, while the remaining herd consists mostly of females, usually a matriarchy. This view gains support from the fact that the exact counterpart of April-fooling is found to have been an immemorial custom in India. Wild reindeer are considered to be very vulnerable to human disturbance, especially during the calving period in April. What seems certain is that it is in some way or other a relic of those once universal festivities held at the vernal equinox, which, beginning on old New Year's day, the 25th of March, ended on the 1st of April. Other areas, such as Filefjell, have populations of reindeer that have been herded in the past but are now left free. The origin of this custom has been much disputed, and many theories have been suggested, e.g. that it is a farcical commemoration of Christ being sent from Annas to Caiaphas, from Caiaphas to Pilate, from Pilate to Herod, and from Herod back again to Pilate, the crucifixion having taken place about the 1st of April. The last remaining European herds of the genetic wild reindeer are found in central Norway, mainly in the mountainous areas of Rondane, Hardangervidda, Dovre and Forrelhogna. .

There are an estimated 5 million reindeer in Eurasia, mainly semi-domesticated. The day is marked by the commission of hoaxes and other practical jokes of varying sophistication on friends and neighbours, or sending them on fools' errands, the aim of which is to embarrass the gullible. About 1 million live in Alaska, and a comparable number live in northern Canada. April Fool's Day or All Fools' Day, though not a holiday in its own right, is a notable day celebrated in many countries on April 1. Their wide hooves help the animals move through snow and tundra; they also help propel the animal when it swims. There have been cases when a hoax in a newspaper caused many readers to send mail to a nonexistent address, causing problems at postal sorting offices. In the wild, caribou migrate in large herds between their birthing habitat and their winter habitat. That prank, repeated across many people, causes serious problems for zoos' telephone exchanges.

A caribou or reindeer swims easily and fast; migrating herds will not hesitate to swim across a large lake or broad river. Fant (or various others) at a number that turns out to be a zoo. The outer coat is boyant to the point that a full third of the animal is always above water. E. The reindeer coat has two layers of fur, a dense woolly undercoat and longer-haired overcoat consisting of hollow, air-filled hairs. L. In the winter, the pads shrink and tighten, exposing the rim of the hoof which cuts into the ice and crusted snow to keep the animal from slipping. Lion or Mr.

Reindeer hooves adapt to the season: In the summer, when the tundra is soft and wet, the footpads become spongy and provide extra traction. C. Incoming cold air is warmed by the animal's body heat before entering the lungs, and water is condensed from the expired air and captured before the deer's breath is exhaled, used to moisten dry incoming air and possibly absorbed into the blood through the mucous membranes. One type of April Fool's Day hoax is to leave a message telling someone to telephone Mr. Reindeer have specialized noses featuring nasal turbinate bones that dramatically increase the surface area within the nostrils. 1 April, 2005. lemmus lemmus), birds and bird eggs. 1 April, 2004.

clethrionomys glareolus), lemmings (lat. 1 April, 2002. They can also eat voles (lat. Redknapp was being 'interviewed' on the training ground where his goalkeepers were getting to grips with bigger goals. However, they also eat the leaves of willows and birches, as well as sedges and grasses. Using West Ham United manager, Harry Redknapp, the report claimed that the size of the goals would increase by two feet in height and four feet in length. They mainly eat lichens in winter, especially reindeer moss. The BBC's Saturday lunchtime show 'Football Focus' broadcast a piece centred on the upcoming change of the size of goals.

Reindeer are ruminants, having a four-chambered stomach. Seattle area TV program Almost Live! set up a phony broadcast room and dressed actors as TV anchors to pull an April Fool's joke of legendary proportions. The caribou of North America can run at speeds of almost 50 miles per hour and may travel 3,000 miles in a year. The Space Needle collapsed in a windstorm on April 1st, 1985. Domesticated animals (reindeer) are shorter-legged and heavier than their wild counterparts (caribou). It was later announced at the Sea FM dance party that it was a hoax. The antlers typically have two separate groups of points (see image), a lower and upper. This left a huge number of under 21s angry and frustrated, and incited protests.

Both sexes grow antlers, which (in the Scandinavian variety) for old males fall off in December, for young males in the spring and for females during the summer. Change of drinking age: On the Gold Coast, Australia's biggest tourist destination (particularly amongst school leavers), radio station Sea FM announced the drinking age would be changed from 18 to 21. In some subspecies of reindeer, the male is slightly larger; in others, the male can weigh up to 300 kg. The station played pop songs until 7:00 am, when Stern came back on. The weight of a female varies between 60 and 170 kg. Cancellation of the Howard Stern Show: The April 1st, 2004 show started off with an announcement by the station manager stating that due to increased pressure from the FCC, Viacom had cancelled the Howard Stern Show. Its natural occurrence is approximately bounded within the 62° latitude. Shuttle landing: In 1993, a San Diego radio station fooled many listeners into believing that the space shuttle had been diverted from Edwards Air Force Base and was about to make an emergency landing at a small local airport.

The last wild reindeer in Europe are found in habitats in southern Norway. He invited his audience to jump in the air and experience "a strange floating sensation." Dozens of listeners phoned in to say the experiment had worked. Domesticated deer are mostly found in Northern Scandinavia and Russia, and wild deer are mostly found in North America, Greenland and Iceland (introduced by man in 19th century ). that day. In 1952 reindeer were re-introduced to Scotland, as the natural stock had become extinct in the 10th century. Defy Gravity: In 1976 British astronomer Patrick Moore told listeners of BBC2 that unique alignment of two planets would result in an upward gravitational pull making people lighter at precisely 9:47 a.m. Reindeer are found throughout Scandinavia (including Iceland); in Finland; at Spitsbergen; in Russian Europe including Northern Russia and Novaya Zemlya; in Russian Asia, to the Pacific Ocean; in North America on Greenland, Canada and Alaska. Mainstream media (including Channel 9's Today Show) picked up the story.

The reindeer is distributed throughout a number of northern locales. New South Wales Premier Bob Carr was also in on the joke. . Sydney Olympics: Australian radio station Triple J breakfast show co-host Adam Spencer announced in 1999 that he had a journalist on the line at the site of a secret IOC meeting and that Sydney had lost the 2000 Summer Olympics. The reindeer, known as caribou when wild in North America, is an Arctic and Subarctic-dwelling deer (Rangifer tarandus). This hoax can also be considered a parody of late 1990s media consolidations.). The Swedish are portrayed as reindeer. New Format: Radio station KFOG in San Francisco, claiming new corporate ownership, switched to a new format - the best 15 seconds of every song! All morning they mixed in bogus calls from perky listeners calling with compliments.

In the Art Spiegelman graphic novel series Maus, which deals with the Holocaust, different ethnic groups are portrayed as various animals in order to call attention to racism. Both DJs were later jailed for creating a public nuisance. Chet from The Santa Clause 2. Several police were needed to deal with traffic gridlock and enraged listeners who threatened to harm the DJs responsible. Tony Tony Chopper of One Piece series. Free Concert: Radio station 98.1 KISS in Chattanooga, Tennessee falsely announced in 2003 that rapper Eminem would be doing a free show in a discount store parking lot. Olive, the other Reindeer. The pair were fired shortly thereafter.

Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer. The rumor spread quickly across the city, eventually causing news stations to issue alerts denying the hoax. Nicholas. Menino happened to be on a flight at the time, lending truth to the prank as he could not be reached. Dasher, Dancer, Prancer, Vixen, Comet, Cupid, Donder (or Donner) and Blitzen pull the airborne sleigh in A Visit from St. Death of a Mayor: In 1998, local shock jocks Opie and Anthony reported that Boston mayor Thomas Menino had been killed in a car accident. tarandus eogroenlandicus) which is an East Greenland population that has been extinct since 1900. Google's hoaxes.

Arctic reindeer (R. April 1st RFC. tarandus granti) which are found in Alaska and northwestern Canada. "Uninventing the wheel" to counter the "EU ban" on right-hand drive cars. Grant's Caribou (R. Marque-Wiper - mini-wipers for each exterior "BMW" logo coming as standard on all future models ,. This is the most numerous subspecies in North America. SHEF ("Satellite Hypersensitive Electromagnetic Foodration") Technology, which sees the car's GPS systems synchronise with home appliances to perfectly cook a meal for the instant you return home ,.

tarandus groenlandicus) which are found in northern Canada. IDS ("Insect Deflector Screen") Technology - using elastic solutions to bounce insects off the windscreen as you drive. Barren-ground Caribou (R. MINI cars being used in upcoming space missions to Mars,. tarandus pearyi) which are found in the islands of the Canadian Arctic. The "Toot and Calm Horn", which calms rather than aggravates other drivers, so reducing the risk of road rage,. Peary Caribou (R. Annual BMW Innovations see a new "cutting-edge invention" by BMW advertised across British newspapers every year , examples including: