National Hockey League

While the league has always had a strong Canadian majority, the percentage of Canadian players has gone down slowly in the past 20 years since the arrival of European players. (data for eDonkey network). The league also voluntarily stops its season so that its players can play in the Winter Olympics to have the players represent their own country. Different shades of blue give an idea how well-spread different parts are. Since the 1990s, the league has tried to promote itself throughout Europe with ads, media, and magazines. Red indicates a part missing in all known sources. NHL is very proud of its players coming from all around the world. The color coding is similar to the one used with the progress bar.

After Gretzky's induction, the NHL declared that he would be the last one to have the waiting period omitted. Each shared file shows its availability in the form of a bar. In 1999 Wayne Gretzky became the last player to have the three years waived. Yellow denotes a pending (already requested) part. However, only 10 individual have been honoured in this manner. Green parts are currently uploading. In the past, if a player was deemed significant enough, the pending period would be waived. Silver ones are parts still missing.

Three years after retirement, players are eligible to be voted into the Hockey Hall of Fame. Black are parts this user has already completed. The National Hockey League presents numerous trophies per year; some are given to teams, and other are given to players. It shows the progress of the file this user is downloading. If the penalized team is scored on during a minor penalty, the penalty immediately ends. This bar appears in the upload queue if supported by the other client. A team is far more likely to score on a power play than during normal play. • zz - Currently transferring sources excellent.

This is called a power play for the attackers and a penalty kill for the defenders. • + aa - Number of Asked for another file sources (only shown when Advanced Controls is enabled). Normally, hockey teams have five skaters (excluding the goaltender), so if one penalty is called, play becomes five-on-four. • yy - Total number of sources. In most cases, the penalized team cannot replace that player and is thus shorthanded for the duration of the penalty. • xx - Number of useful sources. During a penalty, the player who committed the infraction is sent to the penalty box. The four values xx/yy+aa (zz) displayed after the progress bar is the source count for this file and shows following information.

In the NHL, the Linesman may call major intent-to-injure penalties that the referee may have missed. Yellow denotes a pending (already requested) part. A linesman may call only obvious technical infractions such as too many men on the ice. Green parts are currently downloading. A referee makes all penalty calls. Silver stands for parts this source is also missing. A penalty is a punishment for inappropriate behaviour. Blue are parts you still need for this download.

Under the rules following the 2004-2005 lockout, if a team ices the puck under five-on-five conditions, they are not allowed to make a line change for the following faceoff. Black indicates parts you already have. If the goalie on the side of the ice where the puck is being sent touches the puck, the icing is waved off. (shaded style). A short handed team is not penalized for clearing the puck out of its zone during a powerplay. (flat style). Play is resumed with a faceoff in the defending zone of the team that committed the infraction. Here the colours have a slightly different meaning:.

When icing occurs, a linesman stops play. To see the sources just double-click a download (or single click, depends on the settings in Options -> Display ). Icing occurs when a player shoots the puck across both the red line and the opposing team's goal line without the puck going into the net. If you expand the download you see each of its sources with their corresponding bar. The NHL in 2006 removed the offside pass or two-line pass which was a pass from inside a team's defending zone that crosses the red line. A dark red or blue progress bar denotes a stopped or paused download. When an offside violation occurs, the linesman blows play dead, and a faceoff is conducted in the neutral zone. (shaded style).

In ice hockey, play is said to be offside if a player on the attacking team enters the attacking zone before the puck. (flat style). If the game is still tied after the three shootout rounds, the shootout continues, but becomes sudden death. A green bar stands for a completed download. The team with the most goals during this shootout wins the game. (shaded style). Three players for each team in turn perform a penalty shot. (flat style).

If the game is still tied at the end of overtime, the game enters a shootout. The green bar on top shows the total download progress of this file. If the game is tied at the end of regulation time, a 5 minute, 4-on-4 sudden death overtime period is played, where the first team that scores a goal wins the game. Yellow denotes a part being downloaded. The team that has the most goals at the end of 60 minutes wins the game. The darker the blue, the more sources have this part. A goal is scored when the puck passes the goal line and enters the net. Different shades of blue represent the availability of this part in the sources.

It is used to judge goals and icing calls. Red indicates a part missing in all known sources. Near each end of the rink, there is a thin red goal line spanning the width of the ice. Black shows the parts of the file you already have. They divide the ice into zones. (shaded style). There are two blue lines that divide the rink roughly into thirds. (flat style).

The red line is used to judge icing violations. Each download in the Transfers tab has a coloured bar to show current file availability and progress. The red line divides the ice in half lengthwise. The credit is calculated in the following way:. The hockey rink is an ice rink which is rectangular with rounded corners and surrounded by a wall . These factors are all expressed in an integer value, and their total gives a "score" which is used to rank the users in the queue. Each team may also take one 30 second time-out which may only be taken during a normal stoppage of play. A user's position in other clients' queues depends on various factors, including the time they have been waiting in the queue, the upload priority for the requested file, and the user's credit.

Between stoppages of play, teams have 25 seconds before substituting their players except for referee stoppages for TV commercials. To view this information, right click on any user and choose View Details. Between each period there is a 15 minute intermission. The values used can be seen in the client's details dialog. Each game is 60 minutes composed of three 20 minute periods. The modifiers are calculated from the amount of transferred data between the two clients. While the National Hockey League follows the general rules of Ice hockey, it differs slightly from those used in international games organized by the International Ice Hockey Federation such as the Olympics. The more a user uploads to a client the faster he advances in this client's queue.

The overtime is sudden death with the game ending when either team scores a goal. The credit system provides a major modifier to this waiting time by taking the upload and download between the two clients into consideration. Overtimes are also full periods of twenty minutes (of five-on-five hockey), rather than the five minutes (of four-on-four hockey, followed by a shootout) in the regular season. The strict queue system in eMule is based on the waiting time a user has spent in the queue. If the score is tied at the end of an overtime period, additional overtime periods are played until a winner is determined. uploading to other clients. During playoff games if the score is tied at the end of the third period an overtime period is played. The credit system is used to reward users contributing to the network, i.e.

Four of the seven games are played at this team's home venue - the first and second, and, where necessary, the fifth and seventh, with the other games played at the lower-ranked team's home venue. Often features first debuted in a mod later find their way into the official version. In each round the higher-ranked team is said to be the team with the home-ice advantage. Other mods follow official eMule releases, and make their own releases based on each new release of the official version. In the third round, the conference finals, the two remaining teams in each conference play each other, with the conference champions proceeding to the Stanley Cup Finals. It does not have Kademlia protocol implemented, but proponents of this mod credit it for a better GUI and an ability to achieve better download speeds than the official version. In the second round, or conference semifinals, the NHL re-seeds (unlike the NBA) the teams, with the top remaining conference seed playing against the lowest remaining seed, and the other two remaining conference teams pairing off. A popular mod of this type is eMule Plus.

The first round of the playoffs, or conference quarterfinals, consists of the first seed playing the eighth seed, the second playing the seventh, third playing the sixth, and the fourth playing the fifth. Some mods started as a fork of a eMule code, and then continued to develop independently of the official version. The Stanley Cup Playoffs is an elimination tournament, where two teams battle to win a best-of-seven series in order to advance to the next round. As a popular open source program, eMule has many variants, usually called mods. The division winners are seeded one through three, and the next five teams with the best records in the conference are seeded four through eight. This limitation doesn't exist in Kad network, therefore this network is more suitable for users that share big collections of files. At the end of the regular season, the three division champions and the five other teams in each conference with the highest number of points, 8 teams in each conference, qualify for the Stanley Cup playoffs. Some servers also limit the number of files that can be shared by any particular user.

At the end of the regular season, the team that finishes with the most points in each division is crowned the division champion. Therefore, it is more resistant to a large-scale network loss. Points are awarded for each game as follows:. Kad network is self-organising and tunes itself for best possible performance depending on the number of users and their connection qualities. The two divisions from the opposite conference which each team plays against will be rotated every year, much like interleague play in baseball. Servers can only handle a certain amount of users and should a large server go down the network is severely handicapped. Teams play 32 games within their division (8 games against four other teams), 40 games against non-divisional, conference opponents (4 games against 10 other teams) and 10 interconference games, 1 game against each team in two of the three divisions in the opposite conference. The main goal of the Kad network is to be independent of servers and improve scalability.

Each team in the NHL plays 82 regular season games, 41 games at home and 41 on the road. Both networks have totally different concepts for achieving the same: Searching for files and finding sources to a file. For a list of previous teams see List of defunct NHL teams. With the release of 0.47a, this limit was raised to 256GB, but only for clients supporting it (currently just eMule and aMule). Over the years many different organizations have existed. This was an inherent limitation of the ed2k protocol. The National Hockey League currently has 30 teams divided into two conferences, and 6 divisions, an organization that started in the year 2000. eMule versions before 0.47a cannot share files larger than about 4 GB.

The NHL, despite negative press generated during the lockout, has success attracting fans to the initial games of the season and extends fan bases into non-traditional markets in the US such as Nashville, Atlanta, and the Carolinas. eMule includes a feature that limits download and upload speeds, so that they do not exceed the limits set by the user. Of those 15 games, 11 were in front of sell out crowds. Also, many known "leecher" clients are often banned from the downloading through various means by eMule's mods (banning is not supported in official version). On October 5, 2005, the first post-lockout NHL season got under way with 15 games. Furthermore, attempting to circumvent the uploading feature can possibly slow a user's download, as he will get worse credits from uploaders. A new collective bargaining agreement was ratified in July 2005 with a term of six years with an option of extending the collective bargaining agreement for an additional year at the end of the term, allowing the NHL to resume as of the 2005-06 season. Although there are many mods of eMule, it is hard to find one that doesn't enforce the second feature, which is a part of official eMule policy.

With no new agreement in hand when the existing contract expired on September 15, 2004, league commissioner Gary Bettman announced a lockout of the players union and cessation of operations by the NHL head office, causing the NHL to lose an entire season. This limitation does not apply if the maximum upload speed is set to 10K per second or more. The league vowed to install what it dubbed "cost certainty" for its teams, but the National Hockey League Players Association countered that the move was little more than a euphemism for a salary cap, which the union initially said it would not accept. 2) Users are forced to share their bandwidth, thus increasing network's data stream: The official version of eMule forces the users to set their maximum download speed to no more than four times their maximum upload speed. Negotiations to replace the contract that expired in 2004 turned into one of the most contentious collective bargaining sessions in the history of professional sports. The recipient is forced to share in this way until the download is complete. The resulting collective bargaining agreement was set for renegotiation in 1998 and extended to September 15, 2004. 1) Users are forced to share files: Shared files larger than 9500 KB are divided and downloaded in parts, so that a recipient starts to share the parts of the file already downloaded even before the download of the whole file is complete.

A lockout at the start of the 1994-95 forced the league to reduce the schedule from 84 games to just 48, with the teams playing only intra-conference games during the reduced season. eMule and other programs on eDonkey network support the network in two basic ways:. The first was a strike by the National Hockey League Players Association in April 1992 which lasted for 10 days, but the strike was settled quickly and all affected games were rescheduled. This is accomplished by a complex calculation of the possible distance to the target client by asking other clients for the shortest route to it. There have been three work stoppages in NHL history, all happening between 1992 and 2005. So the goal of any kind of search is to find those clients that have the responsibility for the current search topic. Approaching the new millennium, the NHL added another four teams; the Nashville Predators (1998), the Atlanta Thrashers (1999), the Minnesota Wild and the Columbus Blue Jackets (both added in 2000) bringing the total to 30 teams. The clients hash determines the specific keywords or sources.

In 1993, the NHL added an additional two teams, the Anaheim Mighty Ducks and the Florida Panthers. Each client in the Kad network works as a server for certain keywords or sources. The San Jose Sharks debuted in 1991, a season later the Ottawa Senators would join the NHL along with the Tampa Bay Lightning. Since every client is identified by a unique hash value, the idea of Kademlia is to associate a certain “responsibility” based on this hash. In the early 90's the NHL expanded further with five new franchises. There are no servers to keep track of clients and the files they share so it has to be done by each participating client in the network – in essence, every client is also a small server. As of 2005, the Oilers are the last remaining original WHA franchise still playing in the city where they began in the NHL. Be it a search for filenames, for sources of a download or for other users, all work pretty much the same.

Four of the remaining six WHA teams merged with the NHL: The Hartford Whalers, Québec Nordiques, Edmonton Oilers, and Winnipeg Jets. In this network it does not matter what you search for. The two leagues fought for the services of hockey players and fans until the WHA folded in 1979. Buddies are other Kad clients who have status open and work as a relay for connections, that the firewalled user cannot manage. The dilution of the talent pool, however, caused the overall quality of play to suffer. From version v.44a on, the Kad network supports a Buddy for firewalled users. In response to that, the NHL decided to rush its own expansion plans by adding the New York Islanders and Atlanta Flames that year, along with the Kansas City Scouts and Washington Capitals two years later. If you are not freely contacted, you are given a firewalled status.

Though it never challenged for the Stanley Cup, its status as a viable NHL rival was unquestionable. If you can be freely contacted, you are assigned an ID (similar to a HighID) and given an open status. In 1972, the World Hockey Association (WHA) was formed. This process is very similar to the HighID/LowID check on the servers. Three years later, the NHL added the Vancouver Canucks and Buffalo Sabres as franchises. Once a client is in the network, the client then requests for other clients to determine if it can be contacted freely. Louis Blues, Minnesota North Stars, Los Angeles Kings, Oakland Seals, and Pittsburgh Penguins. This is called a Boot Strap.

They were the Philadelphia Flyers, St. The only thing needed to connect to this network is the IP and port of any eMule client already connected. Six new teams were added to the NHL roster, and placed in their own newly-created division. (based on Kademlia protocol). The rise of the Western Hockey League, which many pundits thought planned to transform into a major league and challenge for the Stanley Cup, spurred the NHL in 1967 to undertake its first expansion since the 1920s. Sources are other clients who have at least downloaded one entire part (9.28 MB) of the file matching the hash. With these developments and the onset of World War II, the NHL was reduced to six teams during its 25th anniversary year of (1942) – six teams still known today, if somewhat inaccurately, as the Original Six: The Canadiens, Maple Leafs, Red Wings, Bruins, Rangers, and Blackhawks. The server looks up the file’s hash value in its database and returns the clients it knows for having it.

However, the Great Depression took a toll on the league; teams such as the Pirates, Americans and Ottawa Senators folded. Once they are in the Download list, eMule first queries the local (connected) server then all other servers in the network for sources to that particular download. By the end of the 1930-31 season, the NHL featured a total of 10 teams. Downloads can be added by eMule’s search function or a special eD2k link format offered on many websites. Canadian additions included the Montreal Maroons and Hamilton Tigers. mp3 files). The league had also expanded into the United States, with the Boston Bruins in 1924, the New York Americans and the Pittsburgh Pirates in 1925 and the New York Rangers, Detroit Cougars (later to become the Red Wings), and Chicago Blackhawks in 1926. Note that there are fake servers in the network that do not return any results for certain type of searches (e.g.

By 1926, having increased player salaries to a level that couldn't be matched by other Canadian leagues, the NHL was alone in Stanley Cup competition. Each server looks up the keyword in its local database and returns any file names (with the hash value) that matches the keyword. (The 1918-19 competition was cancelled because of the Spanish Flu epidemic that had hit Seattle). If the search is a global search (searches all the servers within the network), it will take longer but have more results. Though the league struggled to stay in business during its first decade, NHL teams were quite successful on the ice, winning the Stanley Cup seven out of its first nine years. If it’s a local search (searches only the server you are connected to), searches are quicker but will have fewer results. With the Bulldogs and Wanderers out, the NHL operated with just three teams for the remainder of its opening year, and through the second season. A search can either be local or global.

The Wanderers, already a shadow of its former self, folded in the wake of the fire, ending one of the most storied franchises in the early years of Canadian professional hockey. Once connected to the network, the client can search for keywords in filenames. On January 2, 1918, the Westmount Arena in Montreal, home to the Wanderers and Canadiens, was destroyed in a fire. The server adds the filenames and hash values you sent to its database. The NHL endured a rocky inaugural season in 1917-18, starting with the temporary shuttering of the Bulldogs. After the ID is assigned, eMule will send a list of all shared files to the server. Arguments and discussions ensued which eventually led to the formation of the National Hockey League at on November 26, 1917, with the Montreal Canadiens, Montreal Wanderers, Ottawa Senators, Quebec Bulldogs and newly-renamed Toronto Arenas as founding members. If communication is blocked, the server assigns your client a low ID.

Livingstone, unable to attend the meeting because of illness, was shocked to learn that owners had chosen to effectively eject him and the Blueshirts from the NHA. If yes, the server assigns your client a so-called high ID. The owners met in Montreal's Windsor Hotel to consider the league's future on February 11, 1917. When connecting your client to a server, the server checks to see if other clients can freely connect to your client. Livingstone and the owners of the other teams. Each client must be connected to a server to enter the network. The National Hockey League was founded in 1917 in Montreal after a series of disputes within the (Canadian) National Hockey Association (NHA) between the Toronto Blueshirts' owner Edward J. The key to this network is the eD2k server.

. (eD2k :EDonkey network). The NHL is one of the major professional sports leagues of North America.

. For already compressed files this is likely to be the raw file, while uncompressed files are likely to result in zlib compressed data to be transmitted. It is generally regarded as the premier professional ice hockey league in the world. Then it chooses the smaller set of data to transmit. The National Hockey League (NHL) is a professional sports organization composed of hockey teams in the United States and Canada, where it is also known by its French name, Ligue Nationale de Hockey (LNH). Before sending data eMule attempts to compress the data with [zlib] set at maximum compression.

The Lester Patrick Trophy has been presented by the National Hockey League since 1966 to honour a recipient's contribution to hockey in the United States. If a client already has most of a chunk, however, it may choose to request the rest of that chunk first because only complete chunks can be shared. Jennings Trophy (1982 - present) -- goalkeeper(s) for the team with the fewest goals against them. Clients usually request the chunk that fewest other sources have to aid distribution of the file through the network; otherwise rare chunks may generate a bottleneck. William M. Once a client reaches the top of such a queue, the clients contact each other and transfer begins. Vezina Trophy (1927 - present) -- voted to be the most outstanding goaltender. Each client maintains a "download queue" of other clients who are requesting files for download.

Roger Crozier Saving Grace Award (2000 - present) -- best save percentage by a goalkeeper. other clients who are sharing that file), a client contacts each of those sources to request the file. NHL Plus/Minus Award (1968 - present) -- highest plus/minus statistic. After determining sources for a file (i.e. Maurice 'Rocket' Richard Trophy (1999 - present) -- to the goal-scoring leader during the regular season. This user identification is highly secured by a public / private key handshake to prevent misuse. Pearson Award (1971 - present) -- most outstanding player as selected by peers. Like the file hash, each user in the network gets a unique and permanent user hash.

Lester B. A file's hash value is computed by first computing the MD4 checksum of each chunk, and then computing the MD4 checksum of the string of those chunks' checksums concatenated with each other. Lady Byng Memorial Trophy (1925 - present) -- player combining ability and sportsmanship. Files are broken into "chunks" of 9.28 MB each (the last chunk may be smaller if the file size is not exactly divisible by the chunk size). King Clancy Memorial Trophy (1988 - present) -- leadership and humanitarian contribution. This allows each user to find all sources to a particular file no matter what file name each user has given the file. James Norris Memorial Trophy (1954 - present)-- most outstanding defenceman. All files are given a hash value that depends on the file's contents, but not its filename.

Jack Adams Award (1974 - present) -- coach of the year. It is recommended to change the default ports of eMule to higher numbers (for example 20000 instead of 4662), because recently many ISPs are throttling default P2P ports resulting in slow performance. Hart Memorial Trophy (1924 - present) -- most valuable player during the regular season. eMule is now considered a stable product, and new versions are not released as often as they used to be - 2 to 3 months is now a typical time interval between releases. Selke Trophy (1978 - present) -- top defensive forward. The 0.46b version added the creation and management of "collection" files, which contain a set of links to files intended to be downloaded as a set. Frank J. Other recent additions include: the ability to run eMule from a user account with limited privileges (thus enhancing security), and intelligent corruption handling (so that a corrupted chunk, 9.28 MB in size, does not need to be re-downloaded entirely).

Conn Smythe Trophy (1965 - present) -- most valuable player during the playoffs. Some users have complained that it leads to a loss of active sources and subsequently slows download speed. Calder Memorial Trophy (1933 - present) -- rookie of the year. Unavailable IPs are banned for a time period from 15 to 45 minutes. Bill Masterton Memorial Trophy (1968 - present) -- perseverance and sportsmanship. After adding an IP to the "Bad source list", the application treats this IP as a "dead" IP. Art Ross Memorial Trophy (1948 - present) -- regular season league scoring champion. The application adds an IP address to this list after one unsuccessful connection.

The O'Brien Trophy was awarded in the NHL before it was retired following the 1949-50 NHL season. In new versions, a "Bad source list" was added. Presidents' Trophy (1986 - present) - best regular season by a team. Also added in recent versions were "Unicode Search" (allowing for searches for files in non-Latin alphabets) and the ability (not supported in Kad Network) to search servers for files with complete sources of unfinished files. Prince of Wales Trophy -- Eastern conference playoff champion. This network has an implementation of the Kademlia protocol, which does not rely on central servers as the eDonkey network does. Campbell Bowl -- Western conference playoff champion. Recent versions (v0.40+) of eMule have added support for the Kad Network.

Clarence S. The official web site is supported by 7 web developers and 4 moderators. Stanley Cup -- overall playoff champion. Currently the project is staffed by 16 people: 2 developers, 2 project managers (including the founder Breitkreuz), 3 testers, 9 debug testers. Zero points for a loss in regulation time. Since its inception, eMule has been downloaded by over 85 million people. One point for losing in overtime or a shootout. The eMule project website started up on December 8, 2003.

Two points are awarded for a win. The "Credit System" was implemented for the first time on September 14, 2002 in version 0.19a. It was first released as a binary on August 4, 2002 at version 0.05a. The source was first released at version 0.02 and it was published on SourceForge on July 6, 2002. Over time 7 more developers joined the effort.

Merkur) who was dissatisfied by the original eDonkey2000 client. The eMule project was started on May 13, 2002 by Hendrik Breitkreuz (a.k.a. . eMule is coded in Visual C++ .NET using the Microsoft Foundation Classes and because it is a popular open-source program, hundreds of eMule mods (modifications of the original eMule) have appeared on the Internet.

Matching file sources is verified through the use of the MD4 algorithm. Recently, many of the sites which provide these links have been taken offline by authorities due to accusations of copyright infringement, as well as a questionable legality of the links they provide. These links ensure that the file being downloaded shares the same hash, and therefore is not a "fake". Another feature of eMule is the ability to accept "ed2k" links from a web browser and begin downloading the file(s) these links refer to.

Furthermore eMule transmits data in (Zlib-)compressed form to save bandwidth. The distinguishing features of eMule are the direct exchange of sources between client nodes, fast recovery of corrupted downloads, and the use of a credit system to reward frequent uploaders. eMule runs on Microsoft Windows; however, its codebase forms the basis for a Linux client, xMule, and a multiplatform client, aMule. eMule is open source software released under the GNU General Public License.

In computing, eMule is a peer to peer file sharing application that works with both eDonkey and Kad Network and has more features than the eDonkey client. Number of concurrent shared files: ~600 million. latest users statistics can be found at : Slyck.com). Number of concurrent users : 3 - 5 million (correct number is unknown since many new servers are faking their number of users.

Your own credits cannot be displayed. This prevents faking the credits. Your own credits are saved by the client who owes you the credit. The unique user hash is used to identify the client.

Credits are stored in the clients.met file. They are exchanged between two specific clients. Credits are not global. Not supporting clients will grant you no credits when you upload to them.

It does not matter if the client supports the credit system or not. All Clients uploading to you are rewarded by the credit system. Otherwise, the credit value is x. If x is greater than 10, the credit value is 10.

If x is less than 1, the credit value is 1. Call it x. Out of those two values, choose the one that is lower. Calculate the following value: Square root of total uploaded data + 2.

Calculate the following value: total uploaded data × 2 / total downloaded data. Otherwise: