The New York Times

The New York Times is a newspaper published in New York City by Arthur O. Sulzberger Jr., and distributed in the United States and many other nations worldwide. It is owned by The New York Times Company, which also publishes some 40 other newspapers, including the International Herald Tribune and the Boston Globe. The newspaper is nicknamed the "Gray Lady" and is often referred to as the newspaper of record in the United States.

History

The New York Times was founded on September 18, 1851 by Henry Jarvis Raymond and George Jones. Raymond was also a founding director of the Associated Press in 1856. Adolph Ochs acquired the Times in 1896, and under his guidance the newspaper achieved an international scope, circulation, and reputation. In 1897 he coined the paper's slogan "All The News That's Fit To Print," widely interpreted as a jab at competing papers in New York City (the New York World and the New York Journal American) that were known for yellow journalism. After relocating the paper's headquarters to a new tower on 42nd Street, the area was named Times Square in 1904. Nine years later, the Times opened an annex at 229 43rd Street, their current headquarters, later selling Times Tower in 1961.

The Times was originally intended to publish every morning except on Sundays; however, during the Civil War the Times started publishing Sunday issues along with other major dailies. It won its first Pulitzer Prize for news reports and articles about World War I in 1918. In 1919 it made its first trans-atlantic delivery to London.

The crossword began to appear in 1942 as a feature, and the paper bought the classical station WQXR in the same year. The fashion section started in 1946. The Times also started an international edition in 1946, but stopped publishing it in 1967 and joined with the owners of the New York Herald Tribune and The Washington Post to publish the International Herald Tribune in Paris. The Op-Ed section started appearing in 1970. More recently, in 1996 The New York Times went online, giving access to readers all over the world on the Web at www.nytimes.com. A new headquarters for the newspaper, a skyscraper designed by Renzo Piano, is currently under construction at 41st Street and 8th Avenue in Manhattan.

In 1964, the paper was the defendant in New York Times Co. v. Sullivan, which established the actual malice legal test for libel.

Times today

The New York Times' main offices at 229 West 43rd Street in New York City.

Today The New York Times is probably the most prominent American daily newspaper, sometimes being referred to as America's "newspaper of record". It has traditionally printed full transcripts of major speeches and debates. The newspaper is currently owned by The New York Times Company, in which descendants of Ochs, principally the Sulzberger family, maintain a dominant role.

The Times has won 90 Pulitzer Prizes – the most prestigious award for journalism in the US, presented each year by Columbia University – including a record 7 in 2002. In 1971 it broke the Pentagon Papers story, publishing leaked documents revealing that the U.S. government had been painting an unrealistically rosy picture of the progress of the Vietnam War. This led to New York Times Co. v. United States (1971), which declared the government's prior restraint of the classified documents was unconstitutional. In 1972, the Times exposed the Tuskegee experiment, in which African Americans suffering from syphilis were surreptitiously denied treatment over a period of decades. More recently, in 2004 the Times won a Pulitzer award for a series written by David Barstow and Lowell Bergman on employers and workplace safety issues.

The Times has been going through a downsizing, for several years, laying off workers and cutting expenses [1], in common with a general trend among print newsmedia. At the end of 2005 it had over 350 full time reporters and about 40 photographers, in addition to hundreds of free-lance contributors who work for the paper more occasionally.

The Times is based in New York City. It has 16 news bureaus in the New York region, 11 national news bureaus and 26 foreign news bureaus.[2] For the year ending Dec. 26, 2004, the reported circulation data for The New York Times were: 1,124,700 Weekday[3] and 1,669,700 Sunday[4].

The newspaper continues to own classical WQXR (96.3 FM) and WQEW (1560 AM). The classical format was simulcast on both frequencies until the early 1990s, when the big-band and standards format of WNEW-AM (now WBBR) moved from 1130 AM to 1560. The AM station changed its call letters from WQXR to WQEW. By the beginning of the 21st century, The Times had begun leasing WQEW to ABC Radio for its Radio Disney format, which continues on 1560 AM to this day.

The New York Times is printed at the following sites:

Ann Arbor, Michigan; Austin, Texas; Atlanta, Georgia; Billerica, Massachusetts; Canton, Ohio; Chicago, Illinois; College Point, New York; Concord, California; Dayton, Ohio (Sunday only); Denver, Colorado; Fort Lauderdale, Florida; Gastonia, North Carolina; Edison, New Jersey; Lakeland, Florida; Phoenix, Arizona; Minneapolis, Minnesota; Springfield, Virginia; Kent, Washington and Torrance, California. [5]

Major sections

The newspaper is organized in three sections:

1. News 
2. Opinion 
3. Features 

Style

Stylistically, the newspaper is quite conservative (see also: The New York Times Manual of Style and Usage). When referring to people, it uses titles, rather than unadorned last names (except among the sports pages, in which last names stand alone). Its headlines tend to be verbose, and, for major stories, come with subheadings giving further details, although it is moving away from this style. It stayed with an 8-column format years after other papers had switched to 6, and it was one of the last newspapers to adopt color photography. In the absence of a major headline, the day's most important story generally appears in the top-righthand column.

Web presence

The Times has had a strong presence on the web since 1995, and has been ranked one of the top web sites. It has a general policy of keeping articles freely available for a week and charges subscription for older articles. The website had 555 million pageviews in March 2005.[6] In September 2005, the paper decided to experiment with charging subscription for daily columns in a program known as TimesSelect. This is unusual, in that it included previously free editorial columns. This led to attempts to work around it, such as Never Pay Retail [7] and the posting of TimesSelect material by bloggers. [8] Most for-pay NYT editorials are available online shortly after their publication through blog searches. As of late January 2006 online reproduction of Select content is extremely difficult to find. This seems to be a result of vigorous action by the Times' legal wing.

Famous mistakes

In 1920, a New York Times editorial ridiculed Robert Goddard and his claim that a rocket would work in space:

In 1969, days before Apollo 11's landing on the moon, the newspaper published a tongue-in-cheek correction:

On November 15, 1992, the Times published a list of slang terms (known as "grunge speak") that were supposedly used in the Seattle grunge scene. This was later proven to be a hoax created by Megan Jasper, a sales representative for Sub Pop Records.

On several occasions the Times has erroneously published premature obituaries, including:

  • William Baer (a New York University professor) in 1942, as a result of a hoax by his students
  • Alan Abel in 1980, who had faked his own death as an elaborate hoax
  • Katharine Sergava (ballet dancer) in 2003, based on an earlier incorrect obituary in the Daily Telegraph.

Allegations of bias

The Times, like many major news organizations, has often been accused of giving too little or too much play to various events for reasons not related to objective journalism.

One of the most serious of these charges is that before and during World War II, the New York Times downplayed evidence that the Third Reich had targeted Jews for genocide, at least in part because the publisher feared the taint of taking on any 'Jewish cause'.

Liberal bias?

Some conservatives believe that the Times' hard news and soft news reportage have a consistent and pronounced liberal slant, particularly on social issues. A 2005 study by Tim Gloseclose and Jeffrey Milyo of media coverage over the past ten years ranked the New York Times as the third most liberal of twenty major media outlets ranked by Americans for Democratic Action's guidelines for lawmakers' votes on selected issues of importance to liberals.

Riccardo Puglisi from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology has written a paper about the editorial choices of the New York Times from 1946 to 1994, entitled, "Being the New York Times: The Political Behaviour of a Newspaper" (December 6, 2004). [9]. He finds that the Times displays Democratic partisanship, with some watchdog aspects. For example, during presidential campaigns, the paper systematically gives more coverage to Democratic topics, but only so when the incumbent president is a Republican.

Among other things, the intermix of political commentary with art criticism in the Arts section of the paper is pointed to as evidence of bias. For example, A. O. Scott's film reviews sometimes contain barbs directed at social conservatives, and Frank Rich's Arts columns regularly attacked conservatives.

The op-ed section, the Times's regular columnists — who operate largely independently of the rest of the paper, and are subject to relatively little editorial oversight — have varying political orientations. However, some critics believe the mix is more liberal than conservative.

The 2005 roster of regular columnists ranges in political position from Maureen Dowd, Paul Krugman, and Bob Herbert on the left, to Nicholas Kristof and Thomas Friedman on the center-left, and David Brooks, formerly of The Weekly Standard magazine, and John Tierney on the moderate right. However, attempts to place these columnists' positions on a one-dimensional American political spectrum do not completely characterize their actions or views. For example, Dowd strongly criticized President Clinton; Krugman (a professional economist) spoke as an economic centrist before he began criticizing the George W. Bush administration; and libertarian-conservative former columnist William Safire criticized the Patriot Act.

The editorial page of the Times has not endorsed a Republican Party candidate for president since Dwight D. Eisenhower in 1956.

Conservative bias?

Some liberals view the New York Times as a conservative establishment newspaper due to its failure to use its formidable journalistic resources to critique and expose structural economic inequality, the comparative ideological similarity of the major U.S. political parties on many issues, the often-harmful activities of multinational corporations, etc. Such critics note the significance of the many important stories that the Times does not print, which can be found in alternative media. A frequent critic of the Times in this vein has been leftist Noam Chomsky.

Distinctions between news, comment, ads

On November 25, 2002, the Times ran a front-page story with the headline, "CBS Staying Silent in Debate on Women Joining Augusta" — part of a string of stories focusing on the Augusta National Golf Club, the host of the Masters Tournament, effectively demanding a boycott. Critics complained that this was an editorial usurping news space. Mickey Kaus wrote that the executive editor, Howell Raines, was "on the verge of a breakthrough reconceptualization of 'news' here, in which 'news' comes to mean the failure of any powerful individual or institution to do what Howell Raines wants them to do."

The Times has also been criticized for allowing Exxon-Mobil Corporation to run a regular paid "advertorial" commentary piece on its editorial page, although the practice is common in other U.S. newspapers. Some studies have shown that the Times selection of op-ed pieces and letters to the editor seem to "bracket" their editorial position, making the editorials appear to be moderate — although again this practice is hardly unique to the Times.

Times self-examination of bias

In summer 2004, the Times' public editor (ombudsman), Daniel Okrent, wrote a piece on the Times' alleged liberal bias. He concluded that the Times did have a liberal bias in coverage of certain social issues, gay marriage being the example he used. He claimed that this bias reflected the paper's cosmopolitanism, which arose naturally from its roots as a hometown paper of New York City.

Okrent did not comment at length on the issue of bias in coverage of "hard news", such as fiscal policy, foreign policy, or civil liberties. However, he noted that the paper's coverage of the Iraq war was, among other things, insufficiently critical of the George W. Bush administration (see below). (In May 2005 Okrent was succeeded by Byron Calame.)

Recent controversies

The day after the Israel Day Parade in 2002, the Times featured a picture of the event on the front page. The photo, however, focused on the comparatively minuscule number of Palestinian protestors at the parade and made the event appear to be confrontational. In response, thousands of Jews canceled their Times subscriptions.[10]

In 2003, the Times admitted to journalism fraud committed over a span of several years by one of its reporters, Jayson Blair, and the general professionalism of the paper was questioned, though Blair immediately resigned following the incident. Questions of affirmative action in journalism were also raised, since Blair was African American. The paper's top two editors – Howell Raines, the executive editor, and Gerald Boyd, managing editor – resigned their posts following the incident.

Since the 2003 U.S. invasion of Iraq, the Times has persistently referred to "insurgents" rather than "terrorists" being responsible for the bombing and other acts of violence. This has been aggressively criticized, such as by frequent Times contributor Christopher Hitchens, as carrying a connotation of justification; Times columnist Thomas Friedman refers to them as "terrorists" or "Islamo-fascists".

In April, 2004 the Times reversed its policy of not using the term Armenian Genocide. Despite publishing dozens of articles about the Armenian Genocide as it progressed, the Times for a period shied away from using the term in its articles as part of its editorial policy. The Turkish Government still actively denies a genocide occurred. Incidentally, Times columnist and former reporter Nicolas Kristof, a Pulitzer prize winner, has mentioned being of Armenian descent and has criticized the ongoing denial of the Armenian Genocide by the Turkish government, in his Times column.

On May 26, 2004, the Times published another significant admission of journalistic failings, admitting that its flawed reporting during the buildup to the Iraq campaign of the War on Terror helped promote the misleading belief that Iraq possessed large stockpiles of weapons of mass destruction. [11] While this "From the Editors" piece didn't mention names, a large part of the incriminated articles had been written by Times reporter Judith Miller.

A second self-criticism by Okrent went further. "The failure was not individual, but institutional," he wrote. "War requires an extra standard of care, not a lesser one. But in the Times's WMD coverage, readers encountered some rather breathless stories built on unsubstantiated 'revelations' that, in many instances, were the anonymity-cloaked assertions of people with vested interests. Times reporters broke many stories before and after the war - but when the stories themselves later broke apart, in many instances Times readers never found out. ... Other stories pushed Pentagon assertions so aggressively you could almost sense epaulets sprouting on the shoulders of editors. ... The aggressive journalism that I long for, and that the paper owes both its readers and its own self-respect, would reveal not just the tactics of those who promoted the WMD stories, but how the Times itself was used to further their cunning campaign." [12]

In August 2005, the Times was accused of attempting to unseal the adoption records of United States Supreme Court nominee Justice John Roberts's children, an unprecendented investigation by a newspaper. Journalist Brit Hume, of Fox News reported that the Times has been asking lawyers that specialize in adoption cases for advice on how to get into the sealed court records. The report went on, "Sources familiar with the matter tell Fox News that at least one lawyer turned the Times down flat, saying that any effort to pry into adoption case records, which are always sealed, would be reprehensible." The Times replied, "Our reporters made initial inquiries about the adoptions." However they also claimed, "They did so with great care, understanding the sensitivity of the issue." The Times was condemned by the National Council for Adoption, “NCFA denounces, in the strongest possible terms, the shocking decision of The New York Times to investigate the adoption records of Justice John Roberts’ two young children. The adoption community is outraged that, for obviously political reasons, the Times has targeted the very private circumstances, motivations, and processes by which the Roberts became parents." [13]

Following Hurricane Katrina in 2005, The Times has referred to those displaced by the hurricane as "refugees", while most news media refer to them as "evacuees". The United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees defines "refugees" as those who have crossed a national border to escape unbearable conditions at home, while those who have been driven from home within their own nation are referred to as "internally displaced persons" (or "IDP's"). The American Heritage Dictionary, however, defines refugee as "one who flees in search of refuge."

In October 2005, Times reporter Judith Miller was released from prison after an 85-day stay, when she agreed to testify to Patrick Fitzgerald's grand jury. She said she finally relented only after receiving a personal waiver, both on the phone and in writing, of her earlier confidential source agreement with Lewis "Scooter" Libby, although Libby's lawyer claimed the offer of a waiver had been standing for a year. After Miller's appearance before the grand jury, she was released from her contempt of court finding, after which the New York Times became free to write their own account of the affair. This account [14] was published on October 16, along with a personal account by Miller [15]. However, these accounts were widely criticized as revealing even more flaws and failings of both Miller and the Times than they answered, including uncooperativeness and dissembling by Miller to the Times and a lack of reasonable oversight of Miller’s work by the Times, as summarized for example in the Washington Post [16]. This included several predictions and calls for Miller to be fired, including some by self-styled media watchdogs Alex Jones, director of the Shorenstein Center on the Press, Politics and Public Policy at Harvard University (and a former New York Times reporter); Jay Rosen, journalism professor at New York University; and Editor and Publisher columnist Greg Mitchell. Mitchell said Miller was guilty of “crimes against journalism” and “did far more damage to her newspaper than did Jayson Blair, and that’s not even counting her WMD reporting, which hurt and embarrassed the paper in other ways.” [17] Miller resigned from the paper on 9 November 2005.

On December 16, 2005, a New York Times article revealed that the Bush administration had ordered the NSA to intercept certain telephone conversations between al-Qaeda-connected persons in the U.S. and those in other countries without first obtaining court warrants for each instance of surveillance. It later came to light that reporters and editors at the Times had known about this intelligence-gathering program for approximately a year, but had "sat on the story". The Justice Department has launched an investigation to determine the sources of the classified information regarding the program that the Times published.


Management and Employees

Publishers

  • Adolph Ochs (1896-1935)
  • Arthur Hays Sulzberger (1935-1961)
  • Orvil Dryfoos (1961-1963)
  • Punch Sulzberger (1963-1992)
  • Arthur Ochs Sulzberger Jr. (1992- )

Executive editors

  • Turner Catledge (1964-1968)
  • James Reston (1968-1969)
  • position vacant (1969-1976)
  • Abe Rosenthal (1977-1986)
  • Max Frankel (1986-1994)
  • Joseph Lelyveld (1994-2001)
  • Howell Raines (2001-2003)
  • Bill Keller (2003- )

Current columnists

  • David Brooks
  • Maureen Dowd
  • Thomas L. Friedman
  • Bob Herbert
  • Nicholas D. Kristof
  • Paul Krugman
  • Gretchen Morgenson
  • Frank Rich
  • John Tierney
  • William Safire (retired as an Op-Ed columnist as of late January 2005, but continues as Language columnist)

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. Enzo Iacchetti, one of the hosts, has currently a relationship with Maddalena Corvaglia, a velina from a previous edition of Striscia. The Justice Department has launched an investigation to determine the sources of the classified information regarding the program that the Times published. They are considered the ideal match for prominent soccer players and therefore a role-model for many young viewers. It later came to light that reporters and editors at the Times had known about this intelligence-gathering program for approximately a year, but had "sat on the story". Often criticized by high-brow critics and feminists as the symbol of trash-TV, the veline are, however, much more likely to be sought by producers of Italian soap operas, TV series or shows after just one year on Striscia than any other female candidates. and those in other countries without first obtaining court warrants for each instance of surveillance. Veline's name (invented by the co-founders and their producer) nowadays is often attributed (often disparagingly) to any famous girls on TV with little or no intellectual gifts.

On December 16, 2005, a New York Times article revealed that the Bush administration had ordered the NSA to intercept certain telephone conversations between al-Qaeda-connected persons in the U.S. Once even Rai Uno Director Fabrizio Del Noce, cornered by Staffelli banged his microphone on his face breaking his nose. Mitchell said Miller was guilty of “crimes against journalism” and “did far more damage to her newspaper than did Jayson Blair, and that’s not even counting her WMD reporting, which hurt and embarrassed the paper in other ways.” [17] Miller resigned from the paper on 9 November 2005. Other times, however, the bodyguards have been known to have acted aggressively breaking the reporters' noses and camcorders alike. This included several predictions and calls for Miller to be fired, including some by self-styled media watchdogs Alex Jones, director of the Shorenstein Center on the Press, Politics and Public Policy at Harvard University (and a former New York Times reporter); Jay Rosen, journalism professor at New York University; and Editor and Publisher columnist Greg Mitchell. Although many personalities take it in front of the cameras in the hope of getting attention for themselves, others run away and Valerio Staffelli, a special correspondent for the show, has to run after them until they finally take it. However, these accounts were widely criticized as revealing even more flaws and failings of both Miller and the Times than they answered, including uncooperativeness and dissembling by Miller to the Times and a lack of reasonable oversight of Miller’s work by the Times, as summarized for example in the Washington Post [16]. The Tapiro d'Oro (English language: Golden Tapir), a small golden statue, is a special "prize" delivered to big celebrities or politicians who have been humiliated or defeated.

This account [14] was published on October 16, along with a personal account by Miller [15]. Melissa Satta, Thais Souza Wiggers. After Miller's appearance before the grand jury, she was released from her contempt of court finding, after which the New York Times became free to write their own account of the affair. Lucia Galeone, Vera Atyushkina. She said she finally relented only after receiving a personal waiver, both on the phone and in writing, of her earlier confidential source agreement with Lewis "Scooter" Libby, although Libby's lawyer claimed the offer of a waiver had been standing for a year. Giorgia Palmas, Elena Barolo. In October 2005, Times reporter Judith Miller was released from prison after an 85-day stay, when she agreed to testify to Patrick Fitzgerald's grand jury. Giorgia Palmas, Elena Barolo.

The American Heritage Dictionary, however, defines refugee as "one who flees in search of refuge.". Maddalena Corvaglia, Elisabetta Canalis. The United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees defines "refugees" as those who have crossed a national border to escape unbearable conditions at home, while those who have been driven from home within their own nation are referred to as "internally displaced persons" (or "IDP's"). Maddalena Corvaglia, Elisabetta Canalis. Following Hurricane Katrina in 2005, The Times has referred to those displaced by the hurricane as "refugees", while most news media refer to them as "evacuees". Maddalena Corvaglia, Elisabetta Canalis. The adoption community is outraged that, for obviously political reasons, the Times has targeted the very private circumstances, motivations, and processes by which the Roberts became parents." [13]. Roberta Lanfranchi, Marina Graziani.

The report went on, "Sources familiar with the matter tell Fox News that at least one lawyer turned the Times down flat, saying that any effort to pry into adoption case records, which are always sealed, would be reprehensible." The Times replied, "Our reporters made initial inquiries about the adoptions." However they also claimed, "They did so with great care, understanding the sensitivity of the issue." The Times was condemned by the National Council for Adoption, “NCFA denounces, in the strongest possible terms, the shocking decision of The New York Times to investigate the adoption records of Justice John Roberts’ two young children. Alessia Mancini, Marina Graziani. Journalist Brit Hume, of Fox News reported that the Times has been asking lawyers that specialize in adoption cases for advice on how to get into the sealed court records. Roberta Lanfranchi, Marina Graziani. In August 2005, the Times was accused of attempting to unseal the adoption records of United States Supreme Court nominee Justice John Roberts's children, an unprecendented investigation by a newspaper. Alessia Merz, Cristina Quaranta. The aggressive journalism that I long for, and that the paper owes both its readers and its own self-respect, would reveal not just the tactics of those who promoted the WMD stories, but how the Times itself was used to further their cunning campaign." [12]. Miriana Trevisan, Laura Freddi.

.. Cecilia Belli, Laura Valci, Fanny Cadeo. Other stories pushed Pentagon assertions so aggressively you could almost sense epaulets sprouting on the shoulders of editors. Cecilia Belli, Fanny Cadeo. .. Ana Laura Ribas, Terry Sessa, Simonetta Pravettoni. Times reporters broke many stories before and after the war - but when the stories themselves later broke apart, in many instances Times readers never found out. Laura Paternoster, Monica Spreafico, Simonetta Pravettoni, Terry Sessa, Angela Cavagna, Sonia Grey.

But in the Times's WMD coverage, readers encountered some rather breathless stories built on unsubstantiated 'revelations' that, in many instances, were the anonymity-cloaked assertions of people with vested interests. Jordy Gordon, Indra Smith, Simonetta Pravettoni, Terry Sessa, Annalisa Gambi (not all the season). "War requires an extra standard of care, not a lesser one. Cristina Prevosti, Stefania Dall'Olio, Eliette Mariangelo, Micaela Verdiani. "The failure was not individual, but institutional," he wrote. Like in "Veline", women heve to dance and make little sketches and on september the new "velona" will be chosen. A second self-criticism by Okrent went further. "Velone" (that means "big velina"), is a contest only for women over 50/60 (some were almost 100!).

[11] While this "From the Editors" piece didn't mention names, a large part of the incriminated articles had been written by Times reporter Judith Miller. The program is called "Veline", but there's also another program like this: "Velone". On May 26, 2004, the Times published another significant admission of journalistic failings, admitting that its flawed reporting during the buildup to the Iraq campaign of the War on Terror helped promote the misleading belief that Iraq possessed large stockpiles of weapons of mass destruction. The names of the veline are known after a long beauty pageant on summer. Incidentally, Times columnist and former reporter Nicolas Kristof, a Pulitzer prize winner, has mentioned being of Armenian descent and has criticized the ongoing denial of the Armenian Genocide by the Turkish government, in his Times column. The veline have become the most popular female icons on Italian TV. The Turkish Government still actively denies a genocide occurred. These dancers probably evolved from the scantily-clad waitresses who served at the tables of Drive-in, the show that made Greggio and D'Angelo widely known in the late eighties.

Despite publishing dozens of articles about the Armenian Genocide as it progressed, the Times for a period shied away from using the term in its articles as part of its editorial policy. They usually perform in swimming-suits or tank tops, singing a pop song as they dance. In April, 2004 the Times reversed its policy of not using the term Armenian Genocide. The term "velina" comes from the name of a type of paper, thin and light, used by journalists These are two girls in their low-twenties, one blonde, the other brunette: once they showed up to hand the news, but today they perform short dance breaks or stacchetti always ending on the table of the news anchors. This has been aggressively criticized, such as by frequent Times contributor Christopher Hitchens, as carrying a connotation of justification; Times columnist Thomas Friedman refers to them as "terrorists" or "Islamo-fascists". Always loud, braggart but pungent in his naive but straightforward ways, butts in everywhere he sees new friends to chat with a childlike enthusiasm always running after the veline, is in some ways like the Cokney type in comedies. invasion of Iraq, the Times has persistently referred to "insurgents" rather than "terrorists" being responsible for the bombing and other acts of violence. Gabibbo is a caricature of the layman of Southern Italian origin, a low-income worker who lives near the docks of Genoa.

Since the 2003 U.S. The Gabibbo, an Italian cultural icon acts as the mascot and is the soul of the show. The paper's top two editors – Howell Raines, the executive editor, and Gerald Boyd, managing editor – resigned their posts following the incident. . Questions of affirmative action in journalism were also raised, since Blair was African American. Usually Ezio Greggio (who co-founded the show with D'Angelo) is assisted by another comedian (as Enzo Iacchetti) for the winter season, after which there is a change of guard. In 2003, the Times admitted to journalism fraud committed over a span of several years by one of its reporters, Jayson Blair, and the general professionalism of the paper was questioned, though Blair immediately resigned following the incident. The program is produced by Antonio Ricci and is hosted by two major comedians.

In response, thousands of Jews canceled their Times subscriptions.[10]. Founded in 1987, it is meant to be a parody of the daily news, which airs right before the program, but Striscia also satirizes government corruption and exposes scams with the help of local reporters who are also comedians. The photo, however, focused on the comparatively minuscule number of Palestinian protestors at the parade and made the event appear to be confrontational. Its name in Italian translates to "sneaking into the news", a probable allusion to the Biscione, the snake which is part of Canale 5's logo. The day after the Israel Day Parade in 2002, the Times featured a picture of the event on the front page. Striscia la notizia is an Italian television program on the Mediaset-controlled Canale 5. (In May 2005 Okrent was succeeded by Byron Calame.). 2005/2006.

Bush administration (see below). 2004/2005. However, he noted that the paper's coverage of the Iraq war was, among other things, insufficiently critical of the George W. 2003/2004. Okrent did not comment at length on the issue of bias in coverage of "hard news", such as fiscal policy, foreign policy, or civil liberties. 2002/2003. He claimed that this bias reflected the paper's cosmopolitanism, which arose naturally from its roots as a hometown paper of New York City. 2001/2002.

He concluded that the Times did have a liberal bias in coverage of certain social issues, gay marriage being the example he used. 2000/2001. In summer 2004, the Times' public editor (ombudsman), Daniel Okrent, wrote a piece on the Times' alleged liberal bias. 1999/2000. Some studies have shown that the Times selection of op-ed pieces and letters to the editor seem to "bracket" their editorial position, making the editorials appear to be moderate — although again this practice is hardly unique to the Times. 1998/1999. newspapers. 1997/1998.

The Times has also been criticized for allowing Exxon-Mobil Corporation to run a regular paid "advertorial" commentary piece on its editorial page, although the practice is common in other U.S. 1996/1997. Mickey Kaus wrote that the executive editor, Howell Raines, was "on the verge of a breakthrough reconceptualization of 'news' here, in which 'news' comes to mean the failure of any powerful individual or institution to do what Howell Raines wants them to do.". 1995/1996. Critics complained that this was an editorial usurping news space. 1994/1995. On November 25, 2002, the Times ran a front-page story with the headline, "CBS Staying Silent in Debate on Women Joining Augusta" — part of a string of stories focusing on the Augusta National Golf Club, the host of the Masters Tournament, effectively demanding a boycott. 1993/1994.

A frequent critic of the Times in this vein has been leftist Noam Chomsky. 1992/1993. Such critics note the significance of the many important stories that the Times does not print, which can be found in alternative media. 1991/1992. political parties on many issues, the often-harmful activities of multinational corporations, etc. 1990/1991. Some liberals view the New York Times as a conservative establishment newspaper due to its failure to use its formidable journalistic resources to critique and expose structural economic inequality, the comparative ideological similarity of the major U.S. 1989/1990.

Eisenhower in 1956. 1988. The editorial page of the Times has not endorsed a Republican Party candidate for president since Dwight D. Bush administration; and libertarian-conservative former columnist William Safire criticized the Patriot Act. For example, Dowd strongly criticized President Clinton; Krugman (a professional economist) spoke as an economic centrist before he began criticizing the George W.

However, attempts to place these columnists' positions on a one-dimensional American political spectrum do not completely characterize their actions or views. The 2005 roster of regular columnists ranges in political position from Maureen Dowd, Paul Krugman, and Bob Herbert on the left, to Nicholas Kristof and Thomas Friedman on the center-left, and David Brooks, formerly of The Weekly Standard magazine, and John Tierney on the moderate right. However, some critics believe the mix is more liberal than conservative. The op-ed section, the Times's regular columnists — who operate largely independently of the rest of the paper, and are subject to relatively little editorial oversight — have varying political orientations.

Scott's film reviews sometimes contain barbs directed at social conservatives, and Frank Rich's Arts columns regularly attacked conservatives. O. For example, A. Among other things, the intermix of political commentary with art criticism in the Arts section of the paper is pointed to as evidence of bias.

For example, during presidential campaigns, the paper systematically gives more coverage to Democratic topics, but only so when the incumbent president is a Republican. He finds that the Times displays Democratic partisanship, with some watchdog aspects. [9]. Riccardo Puglisi from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology has written a paper about the editorial choices of the New York Times from 1946 to 1994, entitled, "Being the New York Times: The Political Behaviour of a Newspaper" (December 6, 2004).

A 2005 study by Tim Gloseclose and Jeffrey Milyo of media coverage over the past ten years ranked the New York Times as the third most liberal of twenty major media outlets ranked by Americans for Democratic Action's guidelines for lawmakers' votes on selected issues of importance to liberals. Some conservatives believe that the Times' hard news and soft news reportage have a consistent and pronounced liberal slant, particularly on social issues. One of the most serious of these charges is that before and during World War II, the New York Times downplayed evidence that the Third Reich had targeted Jews for genocide, at least in part because the publisher feared the taint of taking on any 'Jewish cause'. The Times, like many major news organizations, has often been accused of giving too little or too much play to various events for reasons not related to objective journalism.

On several occasions the Times has erroneously published premature obituaries, including:. This was later proven to be a hoax created by Megan Jasper, a sales representative for Sub Pop Records. On November 15, 1992, the Times published a list of slang terms (known as "grunge speak") that were supposedly used in the Seattle grunge scene. In 1969, days before Apollo 11's landing on the moon, the newspaper published a tongue-in-cheek correction:.

In 1920, a New York Times editorial ridiculed Robert Goddard and his claim that a rocket would work in space:. This seems to be a result of vigorous action by the Times' legal wing. As of late January 2006 online reproduction of Select content is extremely difficult to find. [8] Most for-pay NYT editorials are available online shortly after their publication through blog searches.

This led to attempts to work around it, such as Never Pay Retail [7] and the posting of TimesSelect material by bloggers. This is unusual, in that it included previously free editorial columns. The website had 555 million pageviews in March 2005.[6] In September 2005, the paper decided to experiment with charging subscription for daily columns in a program known as TimesSelect. It has a general policy of keeping articles freely available for a week and charges subscription for older articles.

The Times has had a strong presence on the web since 1995, and has been ranked one of the top web sites. In the absence of a major headline, the day's most important story generally appears in the top-righthand column. It stayed with an 8-column format years after other papers had switched to 6, and it was one of the last newspapers to adopt color photography. Its headlines tend to be verbose, and, for major stories, come with subheadings giving further details, although it is moving away from this style.

When referring to people, it uses titles, rather than unadorned last names (except among the sports pages, in which last names stand alone). Stylistically, the newspaper is quite conservative (see also: The New York Times Manual of Style and Usage). The newspaper is organized in three sections:. [5].

Ann Arbor, Michigan; Austin, Texas; Atlanta, Georgia; Billerica, Massachusetts; Canton, Ohio; Chicago, Illinois; College Point, New York; Concord, California; Dayton, Ohio (Sunday only); Denver, Colorado; Fort Lauderdale, Florida; Gastonia, North Carolina; Edison, New Jersey; Lakeland, Florida; Phoenix, Arizona; Minneapolis, Minnesota; Springfield, Virginia; Kent, Washington and Torrance, California. The New York Times is printed at the following sites:. By the beginning of the 21st century, The Times had begun leasing WQEW to ABC Radio for its Radio Disney format, which continues on 1560 AM to this day. The AM station changed its call letters from WQXR to WQEW.

The classical format was simulcast on both frequencies until the early 1990s, when the big-band and standards format of WNEW-AM (now WBBR) moved from 1130 AM to 1560. The newspaper continues to own classical WQXR (96.3 FM) and WQEW (1560 AM). 26, 2004, the reported circulation data for The New York Times were: 1,124,700 Weekday[3] and 1,669,700 Sunday[4]. It has 16 news bureaus in the New York region, 11 national news bureaus and 26 foreign news bureaus.[2] For the year ending Dec.

The Times is based in New York City. At the end of 2005 it had over 350 full time reporters and about 40 photographers, in addition to hundreds of free-lance contributors who work for the paper more occasionally. The Times has been going through a downsizing, for several years, laying off workers and cutting expenses [1], in common with a general trend among print newsmedia. More recently, in 2004 the Times won a Pulitzer award for a series written by David Barstow and Lowell Bergman on employers and workplace safety issues.

In 1972, the Times exposed the Tuskegee experiment, in which African Americans suffering from syphilis were surreptitiously denied treatment over a period of decades. United States (1971), which declared the government's prior restraint of the classified documents was unconstitutional. v. This led to New York Times Co.

government had been painting an unrealistically rosy picture of the progress of the Vietnam War. In 1971 it broke the Pentagon Papers story, publishing leaked documents revealing that the U.S. The Times has won 90 Pulitzer Prizes – the most prestigious award for journalism in the US, presented each year by Columbia University – including a record 7 in 2002. The newspaper is currently owned by The New York Times Company, in which descendants of Ochs, principally the Sulzberger family, maintain a dominant role.

It has traditionally printed full transcripts of major speeches and debates. Today The New York Times is probably the most prominent American daily newspaper, sometimes being referred to as America's "newspaper of record". Sullivan, which established the actual malice legal test for libel. v.

In 1964, the paper was the defendant in New York Times Co. A new headquarters for the newspaper, a skyscraper designed by Renzo Piano, is currently under construction at 41st Street and 8th Avenue in Manhattan. More recently, in 1996 The New York Times went online, giving access to readers all over the world on the Web at www.nytimes.com. The Op-Ed section started appearing in 1970.

The Times also started an international edition in 1946, but stopped publishing it in 1967 and joined with the owners of the New York Herald Tribune and The Washington Post to publish the International Herald Tribune in Paris. The fashion section started in 1946. The crossword began to appear in 1942 as a feature, and the paper bought the classical station WQXR in the same year. In 1919 it made its first trans-atlantic delivery to London.

It won its first Pulitzer Prize for news reports and articles about World War I in 1918. The Times was originally intended to publish every morning except on Sundays; however, during the Civil War the Times started publishing Sunday issues along with other major dailies. Nine years later, the Times opened an annex at 229 43rd Street, their current headquarters, later selling Times Tower in 1961. After relocating the paper's headquarters to a new tower on 42nd Street, the area was named Times Square in 1904.

In 1897 he coined the paper's slogan "All The News That's Fit To Print," widely interpreted as a jab at competing papers in New York City (the New York World and the New York Journal American) that were known for yellow journalism. Adolph Ochs acquired the Times in 1896, and under his guidance the newspaper achieved an international scope, circulation, and reputation. Raymond was also a founding director of the Associated Press in 1856. The New York Times was founded on September 18, 1851 by Henry Jarvis Raymond and George Jones.

. The newspaper is nicknamed the "Gray Lady" and is often referred to as the newspaper of record in the United States. It is owned by The New York Times Company, which also publishes some 40 other newspapers, including the International Herald Tribune and the Boston Globe. Sulzberger Jr., and distributed in the United States and many other nations worldwide.

The New York Times is a newspaper published in New York City by Arthur O. William Safire (retired as an Op-Ed columnist as of late January 2005, but continues as Language columnist). John Tierney. Frank Rich.

Gretchen Morgenson. Paul Krugman. Kristof. Nicholas D.

Bob Herbert. Friedman. Thomas L. Maureen Dowd.

David Brooks. Bill Keller (2003- ). Howell Raines (2001-2003). Joseph Lelyveld (1994-2001).

Max Frankel (1986-1994). Abe Rosenthal (1977-1986). position vacant (1969-1976). James Reston (1968-1969).

Turner Catledge (1964-1968). (1992- ). Arthur Ochs Sulzberger Jr. Punch Sulzberger (1963-1992).

Orvil Dryfoos (1961-1963). Arthur Hays Sulzberger (1935-1961). Adolph Ochs (1896-1935). Katharine Sergava (ballet dancer) in 2003, based on an earlier incorrect obituary in the Daily Telegraph.

Alan Abel in 1980, who had faked his own death as an elaborate hoax. William Baer (a New York University professor) in 1942, as a result of a hoax by his students.