Haiti

Protestant churches of numerical strength are Assemblées de Dieu, the Convention Baptiste d'Haïti, the Seventh-Day Adventists, the Church of God (Cleveland), the Church of the Nazarene, the Église Episcopale d'Haiti and the Mission Evangelique Baptiste du Sud-Haiti. See Also: List of Liverpool FC players. Many Haitians also practice Vodou, seeing no conflict with their Christian faith. Liverpool's reserve team plays its home games at the Racecourse Ground, the home stadium of Wrexham A.F.C.. Some have converted to Protestantism. As of 31 January, 2006. Roman Catholicism is the state religion, which the majority professes. ² Title shared.

English is increasingly spoken among the young and in the business sector. ¹ More than any other English club. Nearly all Haitians speak Kreyòl (Creole), the country's other official language. Treatment of the old stadium requires sensitivity as a number of deceased fans have had their ashes officially scattered on the pitch over the years. French is one of two official languages, but it is spoken by only about 10% of the people. The old stadium will become a public plaza surrounded by apartments, offices, bars, restaurants and a hotel, and possibly including a memorial garden. The biggest city is the capital Port-au-Prince with 2 million inhabitants, followed by Cap-Haïtien with 600,000. At that time the club was hoping to start construction in summer 2005 and open the ground in 2007, but finance has not yet been obtained and the likely completion date is not currently known.

About two thirds of the population live in rural areas. Despite pressure from Governmental and funding bodies, Liverpool refused to share the new ground with their local rivals Everton and "final" talks on a groundshare failed in January 2005. A few are of European or Levantine heritage. On July 30, 2004, Liverpool City Council granted the club planning permission to build a new 60,000 seat stadium, nearby at Stanley Park. The rest of the population is mostly mulatto, or mixed Caucasian-African ancestry. Signed on a free-transfer from Manchester City until the end of the season, when an extension to his contract will be considered. About 95% of Haitians are of African descent. On 27th January 2006, Benítez pleased the vast majority of Liverpool FC fans and re-signed the prominent former striker Robbie Fowler.

Although Haiti averages about 270 people per square kilometer (699/mi²), its population is concentrated most heavily in urban areas, coastal plains, and valleys. The game was decided by a single goal scored by São Paulo midfielder Mineiro. Main article: Demographics of Haiti. Liverpool's final opponents were to be São Paulo. Failure to reach agreements with international sponsors have denied Haiti badly needed budget and development assistance. Goals coming from Peter Crouch (2) and Steven Gerrard. The country has experienced little job creation since President René Préval took office in February 1996, although the informal economy is growing. The semi-final was played against Deportivo Saprissa, which Liverpool won 3-0.

Nearly 70% of all Haitians depend on the agriculture sector, which consists mainly of small-scale subsistence farming and employs about two-thirds of the economically active work force. Liverpool joined the competition at the semi-final stage, courtesy of a bye. About 80% of the population lives in abject poverty, making it the second poorest country in the world. As the UEFA Champions League 2005 winners, Liverpool earned the right to represent UEFA in the FIFA Club World Championship 2005 held in Japan. Haiti now ranks 153rd of 177 countries in the UN’s Human Development Index. Liverpool trailed 0-3 at half time, but three goals in the second half forced extra time and then a penalty shoot out, which Liverpool won. Comparative social and economic indicators show Haiti falling behind other low-income developing countries (particularly in the hemisphere) since the 1980s. in the semis, the Reds met Italian side AC Milan in the final.

Haiti remains the least-developed country in the Western Hemisphere and one of the poorest in the world. After eliminating hot favourites Juventus in the quarter finals and English rivals Chelsea F.C. Main article: Economy of Haiti. However, the season had a glorious ending at the European Cup final in Istanbul. [14]. Spaniard Rafael Benítez took over from Houllier, but erratic league form quickly put paid to their Premiership title hopes, eventually finishing fifth. Tropical storm Jeanne skimmed the north coast of Haiti leaving 3006 people dead in flooding and mudslides, mostly in the city of Gonaïves. Houllier guided Liverpool to another League Cup triumph in 2003, Houllier and Liverpool parted by mutual consent at the end of the 2003-04 season after failing to bring the Premiership title to Anfield and not looking like making any further progress, despite having spent large sums of money.

This deforestation led to soil erosion and flooding as seen on September 17, 2004. Liverpool finished Premiership runners-up in 2001-02, their best league finish since 1991, but suffered a humiliating defeat in the League Cup Third Round at the hands of Grimsby Town. Charcoal production by low-income labor accounts for the bulk of Haitian logging. Houllier at last won the faith of the club's fans, who were delighted at this triumph. Pictures from space glaringly show this stark contrast compared to Haiti's neighbour the Dominican Republic. The likes of Michael Owen, Robbie Fowler, Steven Gerrard and Sami Hyypia contributed to an excellent season in which the Reds finished third in the Premiership (thus qualifying for the Champions League) as well as completing a unique treble of the FA Cup, League Cup and UEFA Cup, followed by the FA Community Shield and European Super Cup later in 2001. Now the mountains are bare down to the bedrock. 2000-01 was Liverpool's best season for many years.

Over the years, the population cut down 95% of its trees and in the process destroyed fertile farmland soils. They would have qualified for the Champions League had it not been for a 1-0 defeat at Bradford on the final day of the season. In 1925, Haiti was a lush island paradise, with 60% of its original forest covering the lands and mountainous regions. But 1999-2000 was a bit better, as Liverpool finished fourth and qualified for the UEFA Cup. The east and central part is a large elevated plateau. The Reds finished eighth in the Premiership - their lowest finish since 1994 - and failed to qualify for the UEFA Cup despite Robbie Fowler's return from injury and Michael Owen's continued impressive showings. Haiti's terrain consists mainly of rugged mountains with small coastal plains and river valleys. Evans quit in November after failing to settle into the partnership.

Main article: Geography of Haiti. The Liverpool directors brought in Frenchman Gérard Houllier to work alongside Roy Evans for the 1998-99 season after Houllier had gained fame as the Technical Director of France's World Cup winning side in 1998. Haiti is divided into ten departments (provinces):. 1997-98 saw Liverpool finish third in the Premiership, but the big news of the season was the emergence of brilliant young striker Michael Owen - the Premiership's equal top scorer with 18 goals who became the youngest full England international at the time and also won the PFA Young Player of the Year Award. Main article: Departments of Haiti. They had been hoping to win the Cup Winners Cup for the first time, but defeat at the hands of Paris St Germain in the semi finals put paid to these hopes. See List of Presidents of Haiti, 2006 Haitian Elections, 2000 Haitian Elections, 1995 Haitian Elections, 1990 Haitian Elections, and the Constitution of Haiti. Liverpool led the Premiership at several stages during the 1996-97 season, but in the end they finished fourth and had to settle for a UEFA Cup place.

Since, and as a result of, the aforementioned coup, the future of the 1987 Constitution has fallen into doubt, even though the planned elections for the Presidency, Parliament, and local governments are being held in accordance with its terms. The club's youth system had produced two excellent players in Robbie Fowler and Steve McManaman, and including Jamie Redknapp and Stan Collymore (all of whom went on to play for England), looked to be the most potent attacking force in the Premier League in the mid-late 1990s. Having been either completely or partially suspended for some years, it was fully reinstated in 1994. Still, Liverpool were recognised as a top team once again, and were starting to attract top players once more. The constitution was introduced in 1987 under the administration of Leslie Manigat and is modeled on those of the United States and France. But they finished third in the Premiership behind champions Manchester United and runners-up Newcastle, and lost 1-0 to Man United in the FA Cup final. On 29 February 2004, a rebellion culminated in the defacto resignation of president Jean-Bertrand Aristide and it is unknown if the current political structure will remain. Liverpool continued to progress the following season, being within a shout of the domestic double right up to the final few weeks of the season.

However, some claim it to be an authoritarian government in practice. Boot room veteran Roy Evans took over from Souness, and in his first full season (1994-95) they finished fourth in the Premiership and won the League Cup. Haiti is a presidential republic with an elected president and National Assembly. However, there was a promising young striker emerging in the shape of 18-year-old Robbie Fowler. Main article: Politics of Haiti. Ian Rush was now the only player remaining from the Paisley era, and the current squad was mostly made up of unfashionable players who just a few seasons earlier would never have pulled on a red jersey. Leslie Manigat, a former president, forced from power by the military in 1988. But his only success as manager at Liverpool came with the FA Cup in 1992, and he was finally ousted in January 1994 after a shock FA Cup defeat at home to Bristol City and three years of reckless spending on players who often failed to live up to expectations.

Evans Paul, former mayor of Port-au-Prince, one-time Aristide ally and longtime fixture in Haitian politics. Souness had captained Liverpool during the glorious 1980s before taking the Rangers manager's job in 1986, and had brought a host of titles to Ibrox. Guy Philippe, a former police chief and one of the leaders of the rebellion that pushed Aristide out in early 2004. Long serving coach Ronnie Moran spent two months in temporary charge of the team, but by the time his successor Graeme Souness arrived the league title and F.A Cup had been whisked away by Arsenal and Tottenham respectively. He is now a Lavalas Family "Senator". His Liverpool side looked well placed to win the domestic double, but he quit the club and blamed the pressures of management for his decision to leave. Yet another candidate is Dany Toussaint, a former Haitian Army major, police chief and bodyguard of Jean-Bertrand Aristide. Kenny Dalglish stunned the football world by resigning as Liverpool manager in February 1991.

[13]. Liverpool have had some glorious moments during the years that followed the 1990 title glory, but life at Anfield has never been the same without the championship trophy in the club's boardroom. Baker supported the second armed ouster of Aristide, in 2004, is backed by powerful industrialists. He helped them win their 18th league title in 1989-90, but nobody could have guessed at the time that it would be their last championship success to date. Baker insists he has widespread support among poor Haitians, despite his image as a scion of the elite. Ian Rush had rejoined Liverpool after one miserable season with Juventus, and scored twice in the 1989 FA Cup final. Baker is running with the independent Konba party. A 96th fan died nearly four years later having never regained consciousness.

Another candidate is Charles Henri Baker, a 50-year-old prominent businessman with US residency who led a civic group that organized to unseat Aristide last year. 94 fans died that day and 95th fan died in hospital from his injuries four days later. [12]. Hundreds of Liverpool fans were trampled on the terraces at Hillsborough. Siméus's car, forcing him to flee. But the season was overshadowed by the Hillsborough Stadium tragedy which had struck the club in the F.A Cup semi-final. Dozens of angry men and women rushed onto the streets, hurling rocks and chunks of concrete at Mr. A last minute goal from Arsenal's Michael Thomas (who later joined Liverpool) gave the league title to the visitors because they had a superior goal difference.

During his 21 years away from Haiti, Simeus, has become a multi-millionaire in Texas and is now intending to return to Haiti.[11] With great fanfare, he began a campaign rally in Solino, a crumbling and crime-plagued neighborhood of the Haitian capital. They lifted the F.A Cup with another victory over Everton in the final, but the league title slipped out of their grasp in the last minute of their last game of the season at home to Arsenal. [10] Simeus never renounced his Haitian citizenship and he is a dual citizen. Liverpool came close to repeating the double once more in 1988-89. Another presidential hopeful, Dumarsais Mécène Siméus, a Haitian-born businessman has been nominated by a broad-based reform coalition of two Haitian opposition parties is leading what looks like a Populist campaign. Wimbledon, meanwhile, had been First Division members for just two seasons and had only joined the league 11 years earlier. Marc Louis Bazin is running under the political party 'Union pour Haïti', an alliance between the 'Mouvement pour l’Instauration de la Démocratie en Haïti' (MIDH) et 'Fanmi Lavalas' (FL) de Jean-Bertrand Aristide.[9]. Liverpool had by this stage been one of England's strongest sides for more than 20 years.

Bush Administration and the bourgeois population of Haiti. The downside of the season was a shock 1-0 defeat at the hands of Wimbledon in the F.A Cup final. Bazin is a former World Bank official and favorite candidate of the George H.W. New winger John Barnes was credited with the Player of the Year Award. Marc L. There were fears that Liverpool's glory days were over when striker Ian Rush was sold to Juventus in a £3.2million deal, but his £750,000 successor John Aldridge silenced the critics by topping the club's goalscoring charts in the 1987-88 season and inspiring the Reds to another championship success - this time achieved with just two defeats all season. He is the first to have been elected and succeeded by an elected President. 1986-87 was trophyless as Dalglish's men finished league runners-up to Everton and lost to Arsenal in the League Cup final.

He is the only the second President of Haiti to serve a full term and leave office peacefully. They also beat neighbours Everton 3-1 in the F.A Cup final to become only the third team to win the league championship/F.A Cup double in the 20th century. He was elected President of Haiti in 1995 and served his full term, turning over the Presidency to Jean Bertrand Aristide on 7 February 2001. His first season in charge could not have been better, as the Reds fought off competition from Everton, West Ham United and Manchester United to win the league title. Preval was the Prime Minister from February 13 to October 11, 1991, but was replaced following the military coup of that year. Fagan handed over the reins to striker Kenny Dalglish, who had established himself as a world class player and now wanted to prove himself as a top manager. An early favorite is Rene Preval. The sequel of the tragedy was a 5-year ban on English clubs in European football, while Liverpool had to serve an extra year once all other English clubs were readmitted.

There are 33 people on the list candidates for Haiti's next president.[7] [8]. Some Liverpool fans were later convicted on manslaughter charges relating to the tragedy. The election is deeply split between two camps - the elite and the nation's poor that remain fiercely loyal to Aristide. But the disappointment of the defeat was irrelevant, as 39 spectators - nearly all Juventus fans - were crushed to death during crowd trouble before the kick off. Local elections were originally scheduled for 9 October 2005, but have been pushed back until 30 April 2006. The Reds had a rare trophyless season as they lost 1-0 to Juventus in the European Cup Final at Heysel Stadium in Brussels. In the midst of the ongoing controversy and violence, however, the interim government has planned legislative and executive elections for 7 February 2006 (originally set for 13 November 2005), with a runoff set for 19 March. Having lost to neighbours Everton in the race for the league title, Fagan decided to retire and wanted to go out on a high with the European Cup.

On April 17, 2005, Neptune went on a hunger strike vowing not to eat until the Interim Government of Haiti (IGH) drops the charges against him; charges that it has refused to pursue.[4][5] Father Gérard Jean-Juste, a Catholic Priest and Lavalas supporter, is another high profile political prisoner in Haiti [6]. Fagan's second season as manager was his last - and it had a traumatic ending. On June 27, 2004, Yvon Neptune, Haiti’s last constitutionally appointed prime minister under President Jean-Bertrand was imprisoned by the transitional government.[3] Neptune was never allowed to see a judge in his case. Veteran coach Joe Fagan moved up to the manager's seat on Paisley's retirement, and his first season at the helm saw Liverpool become the first English club to win three major trophies in a single season - the league title, the League Cup and the European Cup. The only storm to have impacted Haiti, Hurricane Dennis, resulted in a significantly lesser loss of life (less than 200 fatalities) [2]. They included Graeme Souness, Ian Rush, Alan Hansen and arguably the greatest player to ever wear Liverpool colours, Kenny Dalglish who is also a Celtic legend. So far, the 2005 season has been more gentle. Under Paisley, a new era of stars emerged.

Furthermore, Haiti suffered badly during 2004 with floods hitting the Fonds Verettes and Mapou region in May 2004 and Hurricane Jeanne hitting the Gonaives area that September Tropical storm Jeanne [1]. He won a total of 21 trophies, including three European Cups and three successive league titles, during his spell as manager and ended his career on a high with the league championship and League Cup double. General Urano Teixeira da Matta Bacellar was found, shot dead, in his Port-au-Prince hotel room on January 7, 2006. Bob Paisley was manager of Liverpool F.C from 1974 until 1983, and during those nine years he became one of the greatest managers ever to take charge of an English club. See the 2005 July 6 United Nations assault on Cité Soleil, Haiti. Shankly ignored these pleas and joined the club's fans on The Kop as a spectator, while he handed over his managerial duties to Bob Paisley. The UN mission, in the meantime, has itself ran aground in its relations with both the interim government (and its proponents), the Lavalas party (and its grassroots support), and human rights activists, often being accused (by the first group) of not doing enough to curtail the seemingly omnipresent and eternal violence, rape, and extortion which has tainted Haiti's international image, (by the second group) of colluding with armed (and notorious) militants and policemen in the suppression of neighborhood violence in Port-au-Prince, and (by the third group) actively participating in violence against the Lavalas party and grassroots support, all of which have been constantly denied by UN officials, including Secretary-General Kofi Annan and Force Commander Lieutenant-General Augusto Heleno Ribeiro Pereira of Brazil (who was replaced by fellow Brazilian and General Urano Teixeira da Matta Bacellar on 1 September). The club's players and fans tried to persuade him to carry on, and a local factory even threatened to go on strike.

Other groups, who viewed the Aristide presidency as a democratic "coup d'etat" leading to the establishment of a dictatorship in all but name, have set up their own website, the Haiti Democracy Project being the best known. They won the FA Cup again a year later, but Shankly stunned the footballing world soon afterwards by announcing his retirement. Protest groups, websites, and news feeds have since been formed in response to the 2004 coup and following events, such as the Haiti Action Committee and the Canada Out of Haiti Campaign (a project of the Canada-Haiti Action Network). Liverpool made their first impact on the European game in 1973 with a UEFA Cup triumph, as well as winning another league title that season. has, like the present interim government, its proponents, the Haitian National Police, and MINUSTAH (which consists mostly of Brazilian, Chilean, and other multinational peacekeeping contingents, led by Brazil), become the source of controversy both within and outside Haiti, especially in Brazil (which provides a bulk majority of the peacekeeping force), the United States (which is heavily suspected of foul play regarding the February 2004 coup), Canada (whose Martin government had also supported the overthrow of Aristide, and whose own RCMP is training a significant contingent of the rather-notorious HNP), and, to a somewhat lesser degree, France (from whom Aristide had requested a restitution of exactly US$21,685,135,571.48, the modern-day equivalent of the 90 million gold francs {originally set at 150 million, but later reduced} which were demanded as ransom by the French government from then-President Jean-Pierre Boyer). By now Shankly was one of the most highly rated managers in the game, and his squad contained some of the finest players in England - Roger Hunt, Ian St John and Ron Yeats to name but a few. The Council of Sages, which consists of the following:. A year later Liverpool regained their championship crown.

He was replaced as justice minister by Henri Dorlean. They failed to retain the championship trophy the following season but compensation came in the form of a first-ever FA Cup. Gousse had, since his appointment, become notorious for the alleged wrongful imprisonment of Lavalas party members and supporters, and, seemingly under pressure from Washington, resigned from office on June 15, 2005. In 1964, Liverpool lifted the league championship. Non-Cabinet Officials:. In his third season as manager they won the Second Division championship and were promoted to the top flight where they have remained ever since, never finishing below eighth in the league. In the wake of Aristide's departure, while Supreme Court Chief Justice Boniface Alexandre succeeded to the Presidency (in accordance with the stipulations of the 1987 constitution), the Conseil des Sages, a seven-member executive advisory board which was appointed by the OAS-sanctioned Tripartite Council (consisting of Leslie Voltaire, Paul Denis, and Adamo Guino), immediately selected the Prime Minister, former Manigat Foreign Minister Gerard Latortue, who, in turn, selected his cabinet, which consists mostly of opposition leaders or spokespersons:. Bill Shankly became Liverpool manager in 1959 and over the next 15 years he transformed them into one of the finest club sides in Europe.

[6], [7] When asked whether Aristide was guarded in the Central African Republic by French officers, the French Defense Minister answered that Aristide was protected, not imprisoned, and that he would leave when he could; and that France had many officers present in the Central African Republic following the recent events in that country, but that they did not control Aristide's comings and goings [8]. Over a decade of mediocrity was to follow. On March 1, 2004, US Congresswoman Maxine Waters (D-CA), along with Randall Robinson, a family friend of the Aristides, each reported that Aristide had told them using a smuggled cellular telephone that he had been forced to resign against his will by United States diplomats and Marines, and that he was abducted against his will, and continued to be held hostage by an undisclosed armed military guard. In 1946-7, the first season after World War 2, Liverpool were surprise league champions. Many media sources reported that Aristide had resigned and been refused asylum by South Africa. In 1922, and again in 1923, captained by England full back Ephraim Longworth, Liverpool won the league. The circumstances surrounding this flight are a matter of controversy. On April 25, 1914, Liverpool made their first appearance in the FA Cup final at Crystal Palace but lost 1-0 to Burnley.

Aristide was forced to sign a resignation of the Presidency and was taken to the Central African Republic. In 1901 Scottish international Alex Raisbeck was the first Liverpool captain to collect the Football League Championship, and Liverpool were league champions again in 1906. On February 29, 2004 the United States flew Aristide out of the country. Main article: History of Liverpool F.C.. This rebellion then spread throughout the central Artibonite province by February 17 and was joined by opponents of the government who had been in exile in the Dominican Republic. . This finally led to an armed conflict, the 2004 Haiti Rebellion, which increased in intensity on February 5, 2004, 200 years after the Haitian Revolution, when an armed rebel group which formerly called itself the Cannibal Army and worked for President Aristide transformed itself into the Revolutionary Artibonite Resistance Front and took control of the Gonaïves police station. Helens.

By 2003, the country was deeply divided between pro-and anti-Aristide camps. Liverpool Football Club is not to be confused with Liverpool (Rugby) Football Club which was formed in 1858 and is now known as Liverpool St. The International Republican Institute was involved in either a pro-democracy or a de-stabilization project, depending on viewpoint, funded by USAID from 2002-2004. After Heysel, English clubs were withdrawn from European competition for a period of five years, six in the case of Liverpool. Aristide took office on February 7, 2001, but his presidency was mired in controversy, and his government was undermined by the political impasse and the use of armed gangs, called 'chimeres', to enforce his rule. The club was present at two of the biggest tragedies in European football — at Heysel in 1985 and Hillsborough in 1989. Aristide won this election by 90% of the popular vote, but due to the earlier dispute, the opposition parties never accepted his victory as legitimate. Liverpool were elected to the Football League alongside Woolwich Arsenal two years later.

Therefore, most opposition groups boycotted the Presidential election. refused to recognise the team as Everton). In the months leading up to the Presidential election at the end of the year, numerous negotiations failed to produce a settlement. (after the F.A. In response, most of the opposition parties refused to acknowledge the results or take part in second-round run-offs. but was changed to Liverpool F.C. The Haitian government refused to re-calculate the percentages. The original name was to be Everton F.C.

The Organization of American States (OAS) and the international community condemned the results for the Senate elections as fraudulent. Houlding decided to form his own team after Everton left Anfield in an argument over rent. The Family Lavalas Party won over 50% of the vote in nearly all the contests but a dispute arose about the method used to tabulate the percentages for the Senate elections. The club was founded on March 15, 1892 by John Houlding, the owner of Anfield. In May 2000, Haiti held legislative and local government elections. The club's home ground is the 45,362 capacity Anfield stadium, which is about three miles from the centre of Liverpool. The old Lavalas coalition fractured, and in November 1996 he launched a new political party, Fanmi Lavalas (Lavalas Family). Since being founded in 1892, Liverpool is the only English team to have won the Champions league five times, 18 Football League titles as well as being the English club to have won the most number of UEFA Cups, European Supercups and English League Cups.

Barred constitutionally from immediate reelection, he stepped down in 1996. Liverpool Football Club (usually known simply as Liverpool) is an English football club based in Liverpool, Merseyside, they are the current champions of Europe and the most successful English football team to date. The economy was in shambles, infrastructure almost nonexistent, and more than 4,000 people had been killed. Calum Woods. invasion allowed Aristide to return and resume his presidency on 15 October 1994. Paul Willis. After three years of exile, a U.S. James Smith.

The coup's leaders: General Raoul Cedras, Colonel Michel Francois, and general Philippe Biamby, were all graduates of the US Army School of the Americas in Fort Benning, Georgia. David Roberts. A coup on 30 September 1991, led by the military and financed by members of Haiti's elite, declared that such reforms would not be tolerated. Conal Platt. In his seven months as president in 1991, Aristide proposed raising the minimum wage, initiated a literacy campaign, dismantled the repressive system of rural section chiefs, and oversaw a drastic reduction in human rights violations. Lee Peltier. Aristide's campaign motto, "Lavalas" (Creole for "flood"), became the name for a diverse coalition of parties that symbolized hope for the Haitian people (80% of whom earned less than $150 a year). Michael Nardiello.

He was elected in Haiti's first free democratic election on 16 December 1990, with an overwhelming 67% of the vote. Jordon Holmes. In 1990, when a notorious Duvalierist announced his candidacy for president, progressive-centre forces united to urge Aristide to run for the office. Adam Hammill. In 1986, the year Duvalier was driven from power, Aristide survived the first of many assassination attempts. Danny Guthrie. In the late 1970s, a time of increasing militancy against the brutal regime of Jean-Claude Duvalier, Aristide urged change and often found himself at odds with his superiors in the Roman Catholic Church. James Frayne.

He served the remainder of the five year term to which he was elected and oversaw the installation of Rene Preval, his Prime Minister, to the presidency in 1996. Paul Barrett. military intervention with a mandate from the United Nations. Charlie Barnett. Most of his term was usurped by a military coup d'etat, but he was returned to office in 1994 by a U.S. Paul Anderson. It was supposed to design a new Constitution and arrange for democratic elections within two years, but didn't step down until 1990, when Jean-Bertrand Aristide was elected president. Ramon Calliste.

installed a military regime, The National Council of Government (CNG), headed by General Henri Namphy. Danny O'Donnell. After Duvalier fled, the U.S. Godwin Antwi. He now lives in modest circumstances in Paris. Miki Roque. A six-member council replaced Duvalier when he fled to southern France, where he lived in luxury in Cannes until his wife left him and took his children and most of their cash. Jack Hobbs.

In the face of increasing social unrest, however, Duvalier and his wife left the country early in 1986, leaving the entire country in poverty and lacking international commercial development. Zak Whitbread (on loan to Millwall). In 1980 Duvalier married a divorcee Michèle Bennett, who later supplanted his hard-line mother in Haitian politics. Darren Potter (on loan to Southampton). Haiti continued a semi-isolationist approach to foreign relations, although the government actively solicited foreign aid. Florent Sinama-Pongolle (on loan to Blackburn Rovers). No political opposition was tolerated, and all important political officials and judges were still appointed by the president. David Raven (on loan to Tranmere Rovers).

But in fact no sharp changes from previous policies occurred. Neil Mellor (on loan to Wigan Athletic). Under the Baby Doc regime some political prisoners were released, press censorship eased, and a policy of "gradual democratization of institutions" was professed. Carl Medjani (on loan to Metz). This move by the regency caused the collapse of the freeport venture. Anthony Le Tallec (on loan to Sunderland). Claude Raymond, commander of the army, and his brother, Foreign Minister Adrien Raymond; and Minister of Coordination and Information Fritz Cinéas. Chris Kirkland (on loan to West Brom).

This news prompted "Baby Doc" to expropriate the venture for himself, under prompting from his advisors including his mother, Simone Ovide Duvalier; Defense and Gen. Robbie Foy (on loan to Wrexham). In 1974 it became known that the freeport had entered into a multimillion dollar contract with the Gulf Oil corporation to advance development on the island. Salif Diao (on loan to Portsmouth). The advisers soon concluded that Haiti needed a new image to attract economic assistance, tourism, and investment. Bruno Cheyrou (on loan to Bordeaux). When François Duvalier suddenly died in 1971 his son Jean-Claude Duvalier ("Baby Doc") took over at the age of 19. Mark González (on loan to Real Sociedad).

Although construction of infastructure and a new international airport was commenced, two other events brought about the sudden demise of the whole venture. First broadcast of BBC TV's Match of the Day: on the 22nd August 1964, playing against Arsenal; the BBC 2 broadcast was presented by Kenneth Wolstenholme [2]. These plans reached maturity in 1971 when a 99-year contract was entered into by François Duvalier on behalf of the Haitian government. The six English players he has brought in are strikers Peter Crouch and Robbie Fowler, goalkeepers Scott Carson and David Martin, and youth players Jack Hobbs and Paul Anderson. In 1967 proposals were made to construct a free port on the Haitian island of Tortuga by a consortium formed in the United States by Don Pierson of Eastland, Texas. As well as having a Spanish manager, there are 5 Spaniards in the current squad and 10 players in total brought to Liverpool directly from La Liga. He was known for his army of sunglasses-clad volunteers, the Tonton Macoute. has a strong Spanish influence.

Duvalier, also known as "Papa Doc," became president in 1957 and dictator in 1964. Under Benitez, today's Liverpool F.C. His position lasted only 18 days, however, because Duvalier was able to overthrow him and began what was to become a 29-year dynasty. The late Pope John Paul II, who played as a goalkeeper in Poland like current No.2 keeper Jerzy Dudek, also professed a fondness for Liverpool, when he met the Polish keeper. Both men wanted to take the top job of President, therefore the party was split and in 1957 Fignole became president of Haiti. Celebrity fans of the club include the late DJ John Peel, Clive Owen, Ian McCulloch, Elvis Costello, Cherie Blair, and former World Heavyweight boxing Champion Mike Tyson. They continued to gain public support and waited for their moment to seize power. Other popular chants include "Fields of Anfield Road" (to the tune of "The Fields of Athenry"), "Poor Scouser Tommy", "Liverbird Upon My Chest", "We've Won It Five Times", and "Ring of Fire".

Together they formed the popular Mouvement Ouvriers Paysans (MOP) party. Liverpool fans, singing "You'll Never Walk Alone," were featured in the Pink Floyd song, "Fearless.". This fueled his interest in politics, and despite the fact that the Haitian government was predominantly mulatto, Duvalier was able to gain a following and joined forces with powerful union leader Daniel Fignole. [1]. After securing employment with an American medical project that was fighting widespread tuberculosis, Duvalier had the opportunity to see the poverty that existed in the countryside. Claims that the singing of You'll Never Walk Alone was started by fans of other clubs before those of Liverpool are widely dismissed as untrue. A medical doctor, François Duvalier was not allowed to establish his own practice due to racist customs in Haiti. Other German, Dutch and Northern Irish clubs have also adopted the song.

Efforts were made to improve Haiti's infrastructure and education systems in particular, but because of the imposed nature of these reforms, with little regard for Haitian customs or traditions, these generally were not well-received nor especially effective. The song has since gained popularity among the fans of other clubs, most notably Celtic, Ajax and Milan. Marine Corps, effectively making Haiti a colony in all but name. The song "You'll Never Walk Alone", originally from the Rodgers and Hammerstein musical Carousel and famously recorded by Liverpool musicians Gerry & The Pacemakers, is the anthem of Liverpool FC (and is included in their crest) and has been sung since the early 1960s. From July 28, 1915 until mid-August 1934, Haiti was under the occupation of the U.S. Liverpool's longest distance goal was scored by Xabi Alonso, 65 yards from goal. Main article: United States occupation of Haiti (1915-1934). 1994-5, 4 minutes, 32 seconds.

The largely black nation remained isolated politically throughout the 19th century, though penetrated economically by international capitalism. Quickest Premiership hattrick: Robbie Fowler vs Arsenal F.C. Freed blacks and mulattos joined with slaves under the leadership of Jean Jacques Dessalines against Napoleonic France in 1801 to achieve the Caribbean's first successful revolution for independence. 3 consecutive hat tricks: Jack Balmer 1946-7 (his only hat tricks). Main article: History of Haiti. Most career hat tricks: Gordon Hodgson 17 (1926-36). . Robbie Fowler, 1993/94.

Haiti is currently in a state of transition following a rebellion (see 2004 Haiti Rebellion) which deposed President Jean-Bertrand Aristide on February 29, 2004; he had been re-elected in 2000 in an election which several opposition parties boycotted due to disputes with the vote counting of the parlimentary elections. Ian Rush, 1983/84. In spite of its longevity, it is the poorest country in the Western Hemisphere. John Evans, 1954/55. A former French colony, it was the second country in the Americas, after the United States, to declare its independence. Andy McGuigan, 1901/02. The total land area of Haiti is 10,714 square miles (27,750 square km) and its capital is Port-au-Prince on the main island of Hispaniola. These are: