Haiti

Haitian Vodou mostly involves communication with spiritual deities (Lwa or Loa) whereas New Orleans Voodoo usually relies heavily on charms and other talismans, resembling another African-Caribbean influenced religion: Hoodoo. 2005 Motion Picture Sound Editors (Golden Reel Award). They are similar in some respects, but very different in most. 2005 Kids Choice Awards (Blimp Award). A distinction should be made between Haitian Vodou and American (New Orleans) Voodoo. 2005 Hugo Awards. Main articles: Culture of Haiti. 2005 Empire Movie Awards.

Protestant churches of numerical strength are Assemblées de Dieu, the Convention Baptiste d'Haïti, the Seventh-Day Adventists, the Church of God (Cleveland), the Church of the Nazarene, the Église Episcopale d'Haiti and the Mission Evangelique Baptiste du Sud-Haiti. 2005 Cinema Audio Society. Many Haitians also practice Vodou, seeing no conflict with their Christian faith. 2005 [Broadcast Film Critics Association]] Awards. Some have converted to Protestantism. 2005 BMI Film & TV Awards. Roman Catholicism is the state religion, which the majority professes. 2005 BAFTA Film Awards.

English is increasingly spoken among the young and in the business sector. 2005 Academy of Science Fiction, Fantasy & Horror Films (Saturn Awards). Nearly all Haitians speak Kreyòl (Creole), the country's other official language. 2005 Academy Awards (Oscars). French is one of two official languages, but it is spoken by only about 10% of the people. Allmusic.com best tracks are "Hold On", "Someone to Die For" and "Spidey Suite.". The biggest city is the capital Port-au-Prince with 2 million inhabitants, followed by Cap-Haïtien with 600,000. On the Japanese version of the soundtrack, "Web of Night" by T.M.Revolution appears and was a popular single in Japan.

About two thirds of the population live in rural areas. On the Australian version of the soundtrack, "I Am" by Killing Heidi appears as Track 17 and is a single. A few are of European or Levantine heritage. The track listing for the US version of the soundtrack is:. The rest of the population is mostly mulatto, or mixed Caucasian-African ancestry. "I Am" debuted at #16 on the charts on July 19, 2004. About 95% of Haitians are of African descent. "I Am" by Killing Heidi has been added to the Australian version of the soundtrack and has been released as a single in the country.

Although Haiti averages about 270 people per square kilometer (699/mi²), its population is concentrated most heavily in urban areas, coastal plains, and valleys. "Ordinary" by Train has also reached the top 20 of the US adult top 40 singles charts. Main article: Demographics of Haiti. "Vindicated" by Dashboard Confessional reached the top of a world composite soundtrack chart in June 2004 and the top 20 of a composite world and US modern rock chart. Failure to reach agreements with international sponsors have denied Haiti badly needed budget and development assistance. The soundtrack for Spider-Man 2 has reached the top 10 of the US album charts and has also reached the top 40 of the Australian album charts. The country has experienced little job creation since President René Préval took office in February 1996, although the informal economy is growing. It was also nominated for the Academy Award for Sound and the Academy Award for Sound Editing.

Nearly 70% of all Haitians depend on the agriculture sector, which consists mainly of small-scale subsistence farming and employs about two-thirds of the economically active work force. In the 77th Academy Awards, the movie won the Academy Award for Visual Effects. About 80% of the population lives in abject poverty, making it the second poorest country in the world. The New Yorker rated it as average while Salon.com and Village Voice rated it as poor. Haiti now ranks 153rd of 177 countries in the UN’s Human Development Index. The movie was listed in AFI's Top Ten Films of 2004. Comparative social and economic indicators show Haiti falling behind other low-income developing countries (particularly in the hemisphere) since the 1980s. The following publications have given the film good reviews: Film Threat, LA Weekly, Los Angeles Times, TV Guide, Boston Globe, Christian Science Monitor, The Philadelphia Inquirer, ReelViews, Chicago Reader, New York Magazine, Charlotte Observer.

Haiti remains the least-developed country in the Western Hemisphere and one of the poorest in the world. The film received excellent critical reviews from the following newspapers: Baltimore Sun, Chicago Sun-Times, Dallas Observer, Entertainment Weekly, Miami Herald, Newsweek, The Onion, Premiere, San Francisco Chronicle, USA Today, Variety, Portland Oregonian, Seattle Post-Intelligencer, The Hollywood Reporter, The New York Times, Slate, The Wall Street Journal, The Washington Post, Austin Chronicle, Chicago Tribune, The Globe and Mail The New York Daily News, The New York Post, Rolling Stone Magazine. Main article: Economy of Haiti. He went on to call it the 'greatest super-hero movie since Superman'[3]. [14]. Roger Ebert who panned the first film praised the second movie giving the movie four stars. Tropical storm Jeanne skimmed the north coast of Haiti leaving 3006 people dead in flooding and mudslides, mostly in the city of Gonaïves. [2].

This deforestation led to soil erosion and flooding as seen on September 17, 2004. [1] Rotten Tomatoes gave it a rating of 93%, based on 195 reviews. Charcoal production by low-income labor accounts for the bulk of Haitian logging. Metacritic gave the film a collective rating of 80 out of 100 based on an average of 41 reviews. Pictures from space glaringly show this stark contrast compared to Haiti's neighbour the Dominican Republic. The general critical reaction to the film was enthusiastic, with many critics saying the film had a dramatic power and emotional content that many summer blockbusters lack. Now the mountains are bare down to the bedrock. Though this is not as much as its predecessor, it should still be considered excellent, considering it is a sequel to a very highly regarded movie, and those usually do not do that well in the box-office (such as Jaws 2).

Over the years, the population cut down 95% of its trees and in the process destroyed fertile farmland soils. Worldwide, Spider-Man 2 made $783,964,497, which made it the 3rd highest grossing movie of 2004 worldwide (behind Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban and Shrek 2), as well as the 16th highest grossing movie worldwide of all time. In 1925, Haiti was a lush island paradise, with 60% of its original forest covering the lands and mountainous regions. Altogether, Spider-man 2 made $373,585,825 in North America, making it the 2nd highest grossing movie of 2004 (beaten by $68m by Shrek 2) and the 9th highest grossing movie in the U.S of all time. The east and central part is a large elevated plateau. It generated $88 million at the box office in its first weekend of sale, and on its first day, it garnered a whopping estimate of $40 million, a record for a movie on opening (it was beat a year later by Revenge of the Sith, which grossed about $10 million more). Haiti's terrain consists mainly of rugged mountains with small coastal plains and river valleys. In its first six days, Spider-Man 2 generated a record $180 million at the North American box-office, which is a record as of 2005.

Main article: Geography of Haiti. Harry now has the option of assuming incredible powers to take revenge on Spider-Man. Haiti is divided into ten departments (provinces):. His mental state is important, however, since he has discovered his father's villainous secrets. Main article: Departments of Haiti. The true state of Harry's sanity is at the end of the film uncertain. See List of Presidents of Haiti, 2006 Haitian Elections, 2000 Haitian Elections, 1995 Haitian Elections, 1990 Haitian Elections, and the Constitution of Haiti. However, it is also possible the ghost was not a delusion.

Since, and as a result of, the aforementioned coup, the future of the 1987 Constitution has fallen into doubt, even though the planned elections for the Presidency, Parliament, and local governments are being held in accordance with its terms. Harry's past friendship with Peter and hostility to Spider-Man, as well as growing bitterness with Peter, haunt him, to the point where he imagines a visit from his father's ghost revealing the Green Goblin's hide out. Having been either completely or partially suspended for some years, it was fully reinstated in 1994. In the end, Harry discovers Spider-Man's secret identity, and for the sake of the city and for his long-time friendship with Peter, he spares Peter's life. The constitution was introduced in 1987 under the administration of Leslie Manigat and is modeled on those of the United States and France. On the other hand, Harry seems especially grateful for a compliment that he has outdone his father's accomplishments, and also blames Peter for having been more respectable than Harry himself to Harry's father. On 29 February 2004, a rebellion culminated in the defacto resignation of president Jean-Bertrand Aristide and it is unknown if the current political structure will remain. On the one hand, Harry desires revenge on Spider-Man, who supposedly killed Harry's father.

However, some claim it to be an authoritarian government in practice. Harry's relationship with the memory of his father is also complex. Haiti is a presidential republic with an elected president and National Assembly. Upon consuming alcohol, a hostility to Peter surfaces, as Harry begins to blame Peter for tolerating Spider-Man, and for ruining Harry's onetime romance with M.J. Main article: Politics of Haiti. Two years after his father's death, Harry has become an increasingly bitter personality, as demonstrated by his failure to laugh at jokes. Leslie Manigat, a former president, forced from power by the military in 1988. Harry's character is also further developed in Spider-Man 2.

Evans Paul, former mayor of Port-au-Prince, one-time Aristide ally and longtime fixture in Haitian politics. His final act of self-sacrifice redeems him, and, echoing Aunt May's speech on heroism earlier in the movie, he dies with honor. Guy Philippe, a former police chief and one of the leaders of the rebellion that pushed Aristide out in early 2004. It is only at the end, when Peter makes him realize the true cost of his dreams, that he turns away from the tentacles' influence and reclaims his former identity. He is now a Lavalas Family "Senator". The AI in the tentacles then offer him an escape from his failure and agony, and a chance to rebuild his experiment, since it is all he has left; and he willingly listens to them and lets them guide him. Yet another candidate is Dany Toussaint, a former Haitian Army major, police chief and bodyguard of Jean-Bertrand Aristide. His descent into villainy is often interpreted as possession by the mechanical tentacles, but it is far deeper than that: when we see him on the waterfront after the accident, he is a broken man, having lost his wife and his fusion dreams, and he is contemplating suicide ("These monstrous things [the tentacles] should be at the bottom of the river, along with me," he says).

[13]. This makes it all the more tragic and horrifying when we see what he becomes later on: a half-mechanical lunatic who is willing to risk destroying the city to realize his ambitions. Baker supported the second armed ouster of Aristide, in 2004, is backed by powerful industrialists. (He tells Peter: "Intelligence is a gift, and you use it for the good of mankind."). Baker insists he has widespread support among poor Haitians, despite his image as a scion of the elite. The early scenes in the movie with his wife and Peter establish him as a gentle, peace-loving man who desires to help mankind. Baker is running with the independent Konba party. Otto Octavius is a deeply conflicted and ambiguous villain.

Another candidate is Charles Henri Baker, a 50-year-old prominent businessman with US residency who led a civic group that organized to unseat Aristide last year. Dr. [12]. As Peter joyfully swings to the rescue, Mary Jane remains, still somewhat apprehensive of the bizarre and potentially dangerous relationship they have committed themselves to. Siméus's car, forcing him to flee. She - almost forcefully - persuades Peter to finally be her boyfriend while accepting the need of his vows by letting him respond to a sudden call for help. Dozens of angry men and women rushed onto the streets, hurling rocks and chunks of concrete at Mr. She gatecrashes Peter's apartment, telling him that she has decided to live with him - despite the risks - because a full dangerous life is better than a half, carefree life.

During his 21 years away from Haiti, Simeus, has become a multi-millionaire in Texas and is now intending to return to Haiti.[11] With great fanfare, he began a campaign rally in Solino, a crumbling and crime-plagued neighborhood of the Haitian capital. In the end, MJ runs away from her marriage with John Jameson. [10] Simeus never renounced his Haitian citizenship and he is a dual citizen. But Peter tells her they can never be together, as he will always have deadly enemies, and MJ should spare herself the grief of coming too close to him. Another presidential hopeful, Dumarsais Mécène Siméus, a Haitian-born businessman has been nominated by a broad-based reform coalition of two Haitian opposition parties is leading what looks like a Populist campaign. MJ finds out that Peter is Spider-Man, and is stunned and full of joy at the same time. Marc Louis Bazin is running under the political party 'Union pour Haïti', an alliance between the 'Mouvement pour l’Instauration de la Démocratie en Haïti' (MIDH) et 'Fanmi Lavalas' (FL) de Jean-Bertrand Aristide.[9]. He ends his doomsday experiment by drowning it, sacrificing his life and dying a hero("I will not die a monster!").

Bush Administration and the bourgeois population of Haiti. They fight a second time, and in the end, Doc Ock regains his sanity. Bazin is a former World Bank official and favorite candidate of the George H.W. Peter finds Doc Ock in an abandoned warehouse, where he holds MJ hostage and has just launched his doomsday experiment, which is clearly going rogue, just as the one at the beginning of the film (extending flares, sucking up and incinerating anything metal). Marc L. Peter implores him to tell him where Doc Ock went, or MJ will be killed. He is the first to have been elected and succeeded by an elected President. Harry unmasks him and is shellshocked that Spider-Man is Peter Parker.

He is the only the second President of Haiti to serve a full term and leave office peacefully. With an utmost effort, Peter stops the train before it falls from an unfinished bridge, is vanquished easily and brought before Harry. He was elected President of Haiti in 1995 and served his full term, turning over the Presidency to Jean Bertrand Aristide on 7 February 2001. He has a great fight with Doc Ock, and the crazy scientist forces Peter to rescue a rogue train. Preval was the Prime Minister from February 13 to October 11, 1991, but was replaced following the military coup of that year. This shock brings back Peter's powers. An early favorite is Rene Preval. Then he abducts her.

There are 33 people on the list candidates for Haiti's next president.[7] [8]. Doc Ock threatens Peter and tells him to tell Spider-Man to fight him, unless he wants MJ killed. The election is deeply split between two camps - the elite and the nation's poor that remain fiercely loyal to Aristide. Because he knows that Peter and Spider-Man are close (although he does not know that they are the same person), he attacks Peter. Local elections were originally scheduled for 9 October 2005, but have been pushed back until 30 April 2006. But before things can go on, they are attacked by Doc Ock. In the midst of the ongoing controversy and violence, however, the interim government has planned legislative and executive elections for 7 February 2006 (originally set for 13 November 2005), with a runoff set for 19 March. She arranges a meeting with Peter, and although she is very fond of him, Peter's secretive behaviour estranges and intrigues her.

On April 17, 2005, Neptune went on a hunger strike vowing not to eat until the Interim Government of Haiti (IGH) drops the charges against him; charges that it has refused to pursue.[4][5] Father Gérard Jean-Juste, a Catholic Priest and Lavalas supporter, is another high profile political prisoner in Haiti [6]. MJ remembers the upside-down kiss she had with her saviour Spider-Man in the first film, and that Peter's kiss suspiciously felt the same. On June 27, 2004, Yvon Neptune, Haiti’s last constitutionally appointed prime minister under President Jean-Bertrand was imprisoned by the transitional government.[3] Neptune was never allowed to see a judge in his case. In the meanwhile, Doc Ock and Harry Osborn make a deal: Harry supplies him with tritium for his experiment, and the Doctor agrees to capture Spider-Man for him. The only storm to have impacted Haiti, Hurricane Dennis, resulted in a significantly lesser loss of life (less than 200 fatalities) [2]. Peter and MJ connect once again, but as MJ is engaged, it seems too late. So far, the 2005 season has been more gentle. As Peter has much more spare time now, his relationships improve.

Furthermore, Haiti suffered badly during 2004 with floods hitting the Fonds Verettes and Mapou region in May 2004 and Hurricane Jeanne hitting the Gonaives area that September Tropical storm Jeanne [1]. Peter temporarily gives up Spider-Man. General Urano Teixeira da Matta Bacellar was found, shot dead, in his Port-au-Prince hotel room on January 7, 2006. announce their engagement and he loses his powers due to a form of burn-out syndrome. See the 2005 July 6 United Nations assault on Cité Soleil, Haiti. Peter's morale hits a nadir when Harry lashes at him in a drunken rage, MJ and Jameson Jr. The UN mission, in the meantime, has itself ran aground in its relations with both the interim government (and its proponents), the Lavalas party (and its grassroots support), and human rights activists, often being accused (by the first group) of not doing enough to curtail the seemingly omnipresent and eternal violence, rape, and extortion which has tainted Haiti's international image, (by the second group) of colluding with armed (and notorious) militants and policemen in the suppression of neighborhood violence in Port-au-Prince, and (by the third group) actively participating in violence against the Lavalas party and grassroots support, all of which have been constantly denied by UN officials, including Secretary-General Kofi Annan and Force Commander Lieutenant-General Augusto Heleno Ribeiro Pereira of Brazil (who was replaced by fellow Brazilian and General Urano Teixeira da Matta Bacellar on 1 September). "Doc Ock", as he is now called (due to the metal tentacles wired to his spine), desperately wants to rebuild his experiment, and Spider-Man must stop him from robbing a bank.

Other groups, who viewed the Aristide presidency as a democratic "coup d'etat" leading to the establishment of a dictatorship in all but name, have set up their own website, the Haiti Democracy Project being the best known. Peter's idol, a brilliant, gentle scientist named Otto Octavius becomes a mechanically-controlled lunatic as the result of a fusion accident. Protest groups, websites, and news feeds have since been formed in response to the 2004 coup and following events, such as the Haiti Action Committee and the Canada Out of Haiti Campaign (a project of the Canada-Haiti Action Network). turns increasingly hostile to Peter after he fails to keep a promise to see a play in which she is the female lead. has, like the present interim government, its proponents, the Haitian National Police, and MINUSTAH (which consists mostly of Brazilian, Chilean, and other multinational peacekeeping contingents, led by Brazil), become the source of controversy both within and outside Haiti, especially in Brazil (which provides a bulk majority of the peacekeeping force), the United States (which is heavily suspected of foul play regarding the February 2004 coup), Canada (whose Martin government had also supported the overthrow of Aristide, and whose own RCMP is training a significant contingent of the rather-notorious HNP), and, to a somewhat lesser degree, France (from whom Aristide had requested a restitution of exactly US$21,685,135,571.48, the modern-day equivalent of the 90 million gold francs {originally set at 150 million, but later reduced} which were demanded as ransom by the French government from then-President Jean-Pierre Boyer). M.J. The Council of Sages, which consists of the following:. Jonah Jameson.

He was replaced as justice minister by Henri Dorlean. Moreover, he has learned that his potential girlfriend, M.J., has acquired a new boyfriend, John Jameson, the son of Peter's employer, J. Gousse had, since his appointment, become notorious for the alleged wrongful imprisonment of Lavalas party members and supporters, and, seemingly under pressure from Washington, resigned from office on June 15, 2005. He loses a job, is having trouble with his estranged friend, Harry Osborn, who still thinks that his father's death was the fault of Spider-Man (Harry doesn't know that Norman actually killed himself), struggles with his studies and school work, and finds that he is losing his powers. Non-Cabinet Officials:. It has been two years since the end of the last film, and Peter Parker is finding a double life very difficult. In the wake of Aristide's departure, while Supreme Court Chief Justice Boniface Alexandre succeeded to the Presidency (in accordance with the stipulations of the 1987 constitution), the Conseil des Sages, a seven-member executive advisory board which was appointed by the OAS-sanctioned Tripartite Council (consisting of Leslie Voltaire, Paul Denis, and Adamo Guino), immediately selected the Prime Minister, former Manigat Foreign Minister Gerard Latortue, who, in turn, selected his cabinet, which consists mostly of opposition leaders or spokespersons:. Stan Lee and Steve Ditko receive additional screen credit for "comic book & characters.

[6], [7] When asked whether Aristide was guarded in the Central African Republic by French officers, the French Defense Minister answered that Aristide was protected, not imprisoned, and that he would leave when he could; and that France had many officers present in the Central African Republic following the recent events in that country, but that they did not control Aristide's comings and goings [8]. The screenplay is credited to Alvin Sargent, with screen story credit given to Alfred Gough, Miles Millar, and Michael Chabon. On March 1, 2004, US Congresswoman Maxine Waters (D-CA), along with Randall Robinson, a family friend of the Aristides, each reported that Aristide had told them using a smuggled cellular telephone that he had been forced to resign against his will by United States diplomats and Marines, and that he was abducted against his will, and continued to be held hostage by an undisclosed armed military guard. Alfred Molina plays the role of the villain, Doctor Octopus ("Doc Ock"). Many media sources reported that Aristide had resigned and been refused asylum by South Africa. respectively. The circumstances surrounding this flight are a matter of controversy. Jonah Jameson.

Aristide was forced to sign a resignation of the Presidency and was taken to the Central African Republic. Simmons as J. On February 29, 2004 the United States flew Aristide out of the country. The film, directed by Sam Raimi, stars Tobey Maguire, Kirsten Dunst and James Franco reprising their roles of Peter Parker (Spider-Man), Mary Jane Watson and Harry Osborn, J.K. This rebellion then spread throughout the central Artibonite province by February 17 and was joined by opponents of the government who had been in exile in the Dominican Republic. . This finally led to an armed conflict, the 2004 Haiti Rebellion, which increased in intensity on February 5, 2004, 200 years after the Haitian Revolution, when an armed rebel group which formerly called itself the Cannibal Army and worked for President Aristide transformed itself into the Revolutionary Artibonite Resistance Front and took control of the Gonaïves police station. on June 30, 2004.

By 2003, the country was deeply divided between pro-and anti-Aristide camps. Spider-Man 2 is the sequel to the popular 2002 film Spider-Man and was released in the U.S. The International Republican Institute was involved in either a pro-democracy or a de-stabilization project, depending on viewpoint, funded by USAID from 2002-2004. Rating PG-13 for stylized action violence. Aristide took office on February 7, 2001, but his presidency was mired in controversy, and his government was undermined by the political impasse and the use of armed gangs, called 'chimeres', to enforce his rule. Running Time 127 minutes. Aristide won this election by 90% of the popular vote, but due to the earlier dispute, the opposition parties never accepted his victory as legitimate. Dvd Release Date November 30, 2004.

Therefore, most opposition groups boycotted the Presidential election. Release Date June 30, 2004. In the months leading up to the Presidential election at the end of the year, numerous negotiations failed to produce a settlement. Haller, Ruben Simon, Jussi Tegelman, Lisa Hannan, Ai-Ling Lee, Martin Lopez, Bernard Weiser. In response, most of the opposition parties refused to acknowledge the results or take part in second-round run-offs. Ottosson, Christopher Flick, Scott G.G. The Haitian government refused to re-calculate the percentages. Nominated - Best Sound Editing in Domestic Features: Sound Effects/Foley — Paul N.J.

The Organization of American States (OAS) and the international community condemned the results for the Senate elections as fraudulent. Nominated - Favorite Movie Actor — Tobey Maguire. The Family Lavalas Party won over 50% of the vote in nearly all the contests but a dispute arose about the method used to tabulate the percentages for the Senate elections. Nominated - Favorite Movie. In May 2000, Haiti held legislative and local government elections. Nominated - Best Dramatic Presentation, Long Form. The old Lavalas coalition fractured, and in November 1996 he launched a new political party, Fanmi Lavalas (Lavalas Family). Nominated - Scene of the Year — Spider-Man battles Doc Ock on the train.

Barred constitutionally from immediate reelection, he stepped down in 1996. Nominated - Best Film. The economy was in shambles, infrastructure almost nonexistent, and more than 4,000 people had been killed. Nominated - Best Actress — Kirsten Dunst. invasion allowed Aristide to return and resume his presidency on 15 October 1994. Nominated - Best Actor — Tobey Maguire. After three years of exile, a U.S. Won - Best Director — Sam Raimi.

The coup's leaders: General Raoul Cedras, Colonel Michel Francois, and general Philippe Biamby, were all graduates of the US Army School of the Americas in Fort Benning, Georgia. Haboush. A coup on 30 September 1991, led by the military and financed by members of Haiti's elite, declared that such reforms would not be tolerated. Russell, Jeffrey J. In his seven months as president in 1991, Aristide proposed raising the minimum wage, initiated a literacy campaign, dismantled the repressive system of rural section chiefs, and oversaw a drastic reduction in human rights violations. Nominated - Outstanding Achievement in Sound Mixing for Motion Pictures — Joseph Geisinger, Kevin O'Connell, Greg P. Aristide's campaign motto, "Lavalas" (Creole for "flood"), became the name for a diverse coalition of parties that symbolized hope for the Haitian people (80% of whom earned less than $150 a year). Nominated - Family Film (Live Action).

He was elected in Haiti's first free democratic election on 16 December 1990, with an overwhelming 67% of the vote. Won - Best Popular Picture. In 1990, when a notorious Duvalierist announced his candidacy for president, progressive-centre forces united to urge Aristide to run for the office. Won - BMI Film Music Award — Danny Elfman. In 1986, the year Duvalier was driven from power, Aristide survived the first of many assassination attempts. Nominated - Outstanding Achievement in Special Visual Effects — John Dykstra, Scott Stokdyk, Anthony LaMolinara, John Frazier. In the late 1970s, a time of increasing militancy against the brutal regime of Jean-Claude Duvalier, Aristide urged change and often found himself at odds with his superiors in the Roman Catholic Church. Ottosson.

He served the remainder of the five year term to which he was elected and oversaw the installation of Rene Preval, his Prime Minister, to the presidency in 1996. Haboush, Paul N.J. military intervention with a mandate from the United Nations. Russell, Jeffrey J. Most of his term was usurped by a military coup d'etat, but he was returned to office in 1994 by a U.S. Nominated - Best Sound — Kevin O'Connell, Greg P. It was supposed to design a new Constitution and arrange for democratic elections within two years, but didn't step down until 1990, when Jean-Bertrand Aristide was elected president. Nominated - Best Music — Danny Elfman.

installed a military regime, The National Council of Government (CNG), headed by General Henri Namphy. Nominated - Best DVD Special Edition Release. After Duvalier fled, the U.S. Nominated - Best Supporting Actor (Film) — Alfred Molina. He now lives in modest circumstances in Paris. Won - Best Writing — Alvin Sargent. A six-member council replaced Duvalier when he fled to southern France, where he lived in luxury in Cannes until his wife left him and took his children and most of their cash. Won - Best Special Effects — John Dykstra, Scott Stokdyk, Anthony LaMolinara, John Frazier.

In the face of increasing social unrest, however, Duvalier and his wife left the country early in 1986, leaving the entire country in poverty and lacking international commercial development. Won - Best Director — Sam Raimi. In 1980 Duvalier married a divorcee Michèle Bennett, who later supplanted his hard-line mother in Haitian politics. Won - Best Actor (Film) — Tobey Maguire. Haiti continued a semi-isolationist approach to foreign relations, although the government actively solicited foreign aid. Ottosson. No political opposition was tolerated, and all important political officials and judges were still appointed by the president. Nominated - Best Sound Editing — Paul N.J.

But in fact no sharp changes from previous policies occurred. Haboush, Joseph Geisinger. Under the Baby Doc regime some political prisoners were released, press censorship eased, and a policy of "gradual democratization of institutions" was professed. Russell, Jeffrey J. This move by the regency caused the collapse of the freeport venture. Nominated - Best Sound Mixing — Kevin O'Connell, Greg P. Claude Raymond, commander of the army, and his brother, Foreign Minister Adrien Raymond; and Minister of Coordination and Information Fritz Cinéas. Won - Best Visual Effects — John Dykstra, Scott Stokdyk, Anthony LaMolinara, John Frazier.

This news prompted "Baby Doc" to expropriate the venture for himself, under prompting from his advisors including his mother, Simone Ovide Duvalier; Defense and Gen. There is a cameo of Queer as Folk star Hal Sparks, in the elevator scene when Spider-Man had lost his powers, as a reference to the character of Michael Novotny, a comic nerd in the television series. In 1974 it became known that the freeport had entered into a multimillion dollar contract with the Gulf Oil corporation to advance development on the island. This film is not looked at as trying to copy those, as the story stands on its own in a very profound way. The advisers soon concluded that Haiti needed a new image to attract economic assistance, tourism, and investment. The film is often compared to another superhero film, Superman II, in that there are some basic plot elements that are apparent in both films, including the hero losing his powers, the love interest finding out the secret identity, etc. When François Duvalier suddenly died in 1971 his son Jean-Claude Duvalier ("Baby Doc") took over at the age of 19. The typeface used for publicity and title purposes within the film is also used for the logo of PlayStation 3, also made by Sony.

Although construction of infastructure and a new international airport was commenced, two other events brought about the sudden demise of the whole venture. Spider-Man's costume is different from the first movie: This time his outline shines all the time, and the spider sign on his chest has increased in size. These plans reached maturity in 1971 when a 99-year contract was entered into by François Duvalier on behalf of the Haitian government. These scenes can be seen on the blooper reel of the DVD. In 1967 proposals were made to construct a free port on the Haitian island of Tortuga by a consortium formed in the United States by Don Pierson of Eastland, Texas. During shootings, Simmons is wearing false teeth for Jameson's trademark scrooge smile, and whenever he tried to form the "TH", he spat out his false teeth. He was known for his army of sunglasses-clad volunteers, the Tonton Macoute. A THIEF!", caused much hilarity.

Duvalier, also known as "Papa Doc," became president in 1957 and dictator in 1964. Jonah Jameson) shouts "Spider-Man was.. His position lasted only 18 days, however, because Duvalier was able to overthrow him and began what was to become a 29-year dynasty. Simmons (as J. Both men wanted to take the top job of President, therefore the party was split and in 1957 Fignole became president of Haiti. The scene in which J.K. They continued to gain public support and waited for their moment to seize power. It was also used in the first movie with the guy singing inside the subway station.

Together they formed the popular Mouvement Ouvriers Paysans (MOP) party. The tone and tempo was changed in the movie. This fueled his interest in politics, and despite the fact that the Haitian government was predominantly mulatto, Duvalier was able to gain a following and joined forces with powerful union leader Daniel Fignole. That song was actually the theme song of the original early cartoon series. After securing employment with an American medical project that was fighting widespread tuberculosis, Duvalier had the opportunity to see the poverty that existed in the countryside. The woman with the violin sings a song about Spider-Man. A medical doctor, François Duvalier was not allowed to establish his own practice due to racist customs in Haiti. The scene with Peter losing his powers was taken from the animated episode where he had problems with his powers, prior to turning into a six-armed monster.

Efforts were made to improve Haiti's infrastructure and education systems in particular, but because of the imposed nature of these reforms, with little regard for Haitian customs or traditions, these generally were not well-received nor especially effective. The scene with Aunt May receiving bills was from the animated episode in which Peter is asked to take a photograph of the Lizard. Marine Corps, effectively making Haiti a colony in all but name. The scene in which Peter is late for MJ's theater performance was taken from the animated episode involving the Chameleon (with the Chameleon disguising himself as Peter). From July 28, 1915 until mid-August 1934, Haiti was under the occupation of the U.S. Some of the ideas in this movie were also in the Spider-Man animated cartoon (with 3D buildings).