Crédit Lyonnais

Crédit Lyonnais is a French bank. It was, at one point, the largest French bank, and it was state-owned. It has been the subject of various financial scandals, which almost led to its bankruptcy in 1993.

History

Founded in 1863 in Lyon by Henri Germain, Crédit Lyonnais was nationalised in 1945.

During the 1990s, the bank was the subject of numerous financial scandals, contributing to a huge debt of around 150 billion French francs (nearly 23 billion Euros). This was caused by directors exaggerating investments and by problems with the bank's subsidiary companies. The bank's motto of the time was "Le pouvoir de dire oui", or "the ability to say 'yes'", and saying 'yes' was indeed something which the bank did rather too often.

Crédit Lyonnais notably owned the MGM movie studio for a few years, during which time Giancarlo Parretti was the chief of the studio.

Much of Crédit Lyonnais' Paris headquarters was destroyed in a major fire on May 5, 1996. The fire began in the main trading room of the bank and was one of the worst fires to damage a Paris building in 25 years. The fire burned for over 12 hours and two-thirds of the building was destroyed, along with crucial bank archives and computer data.

The bank's finances were saved from disaster by moving its debts and liabilities into a new state-owned company, Consortium de Réalisation (CDR). The CDR notably agreed to pay £525 million US to California's Department of Insurance in order head off a lawsuit concerning the Executive Life insurance scandal. The CDR is a highly controversial creation, as many do not believe that the French government should have bailed out the bank.

In 2001, Denis Robert and Ernest Backes book, Revelation, showed that Crédit Lyonnais was one of the many banks to detain unpublished accounts in Clearstream, a Luxembourg-based transaction clearing company, which has been accused by the authors of being a huge international money-laundering machine.

In 2003, the bank was bought by Crédit Agricole and its investment banking business was spun off to an existing subsidiary of Crédit Agricole, Crédit Agricole Indosuez, which was renamed Calyon. Crédit Lyonnais continues to exist as a nationwide retail consumer bank.

In 2005, Crédit Lyonnais became LCL (for Le Crédit Lyonnais), probably in order to remove obvious references to its troubled recent history. At the same time, the CDR had to pay back 135 millions Euros to Bernard Tapie (or rather to his creditors), the controversial former billionaire, after a scandal concerning the sale of Adidas.

In the United States, Crédit Lyonnais is now known as Calyon, whereas in France, Crédit Agricole and Crédit Lyonnais maintain their separate entitites somewhat.

Calyon Investment Bank maintains five offices in the U.S. they are New York, Chicago, Dallas, Los Angeles, and Houston. Calyon Houston specializes in providing key financing for the Energy sector.

The bank may be most known for its sponsorip of the Tour de France as many will remember the corporate brand on the sides of the maillot jaune (yellow jersey) that Lance Armstrong and many other phenomenal cyclists have earned over the years.


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The bank may be most known for its sponsorip of the Tour de France as many will remember the corporate brand on the sides of the maillot jaune (yellow jersey) that Lance Armstrong and many other phenomenal cyclists have earned over the years. The cover art uses the same source image as that of Rosenrot. Calyon Houston specializes in providing key financing for the Energy sector. Reportedly, the first 38 seconds (as the introduction in the American version and "easter egg" in the European version) of the title track were removed for the Japanese Edition in deference to the JAL Flight 123 disaster. they are New York, Chicago, Dallas, Los Angeles, and Houston. However, it was too late to change it so they decided to use it for Japanese version. Calyon Investment Bank maintains five offices in the U.S. It has two bonus tracks, a bonus DVD and different cover art.Rammstein stated that they came out with a different cover/theme for the Japanese CD because they no longer liked the original cover of Reise, Reise, but preferred this cover.

In the United States, Crédit Lyonnais is now known as Calyon, whereas in France, Crédit Agricole and Crédit Lyonnais maintain their separate entitites somewhat. In May 2005 Rammstein released a special Japanese version of Reise, Reise. At the same time, the CDR had to pay back 135 millions Euros to Bernard Tapie (or rather to his creditors), the controversial former billionaire, after a scandal concerning the sale of Adidas. On this release, the easter egg fragment is placed at the beginning of "Reise, Reise" in normal playback and not hidden. In 2005, Crédit Lyonnais became LCL (for Le Crédit Lyonnais), probably in order to remove obvious references to its troubled recent history. In fact, the strongest metaphor in the song is the comparison of love to a wild animal that many try and fail to tame. Crédit Lyonnais continues to exist as a nationwide retail consumer bank. Amour has a rather mellow beat and lyrics that deal with love and the pain that goes with it.

In 2003, the bank was bought by Crédit Agricole and its investment banking business was spun off to an existing subsidiary of Crédit Agricole, Crédit Agricole Indosuez, which was renamed Calyon. It shows the band members climbing and hiking. In 2001, Denis Robert and Ernest Backes book, Revelation, showed that Crédit Lyonnais was one of the many banks to detain unpublished accounts in Clearstream, a Luxembourg-based transaction clearing company, which has been accused by the authors of being a huge international money-laundering machine. The video was filmed in the Kaun Valley and on the Pitz Valley glacier in Tyrol, Austria. The CDR is a highly controversial creation, as many do not believe that the French government should have bailed out the bank. Much of the instrumentation is the same for both versions, and Lindemann's voice is softer in the current version. The CDR notably agreed to pay £525 million US to California's Department of Insurance in order head off a lawsuit concerning the Executive Life insurance scandal. Both versions, the current and the beta version, are very similar.

The bank's finances were saved from disaster by moving its debts and liabilities into a new state-owned company, Consortium de Réalisation (CDR). Indeed, Ohne dich was planned for Mutter, but then dismissed. The fire burned for over 12 hours and two-thirds of the building was destroyed, along with crucial bank archives and computer data. The single includes as its 6th track the so-called beta version of what should have been part of Mutter. The fire began in the main trading room of the bank and was one of the worst fires to damage a Paris building in 25 years. The central motif is Without you, I cannot be, without you..., With you, I am also alone, without you.... Much of Crédit Lyonnais' Paris headquarters was destroyed in a major fire on May 5, 1996. It follows a slow, even romantic balladic style.

Crédit Lyonnais notably owned the MGM movie studio for a few years, during which time Giancarlo Parretti was the chief of the studio. Other countries' releases followed up from that date. The bank's motto of the time was "Le pouvoir de dire oui", or "the ability to say 'yes'", and saying 'yes' was indeed something which the bank did rather too often. "Ohne dich" was released as a the third single from the album on 22 November 2004 in Germany, Switzerland and Austria. This was caused by directors exaggerating investments and by problems with the bank's subsidiary companies. The song is a slow and brooding monologue of someone building a little house to entomb his victim alive - a possible interpretation of Edgar Allan Poe's The Cask of Amontillado. During the 1990s, the bank was the subject of numerous financial scandals, contributing to a huge debt of around 150 billion French francs (nearly 23 billion Euros). The song refers to the Russian capital of Moscow and features two perspectives on the city: its beauty and culture, and the undercurrents of corruption.

Founded in 1863 in Lyon by Henri Germain, Crédit Lyonnais was nationalised in 1945. Rumored to have originally been intended as a duet with Julia Volkova of Russian pop duo T.A.T.u., it instead features the vocals of Viktoria Fersh, whose voice bears a strong resemblance to Volkova's. It has been the subject of various financial scandals, which almost led to its bankruptcy in 1993. This caused concerts scheduled in Asia to be canceled. It was, at one point, the largest French bank, and it was state-owned. During a concert in Gothenburg, Sweden on July 30, 2005, Till Lindemann suffered a knee injury when Flake accidentally ran into him with the Segway. Crédit Lyonnais is a French bank. This parodies the ticker-tape parade.

During live performances of this song, Flake is often seen riding around on a Segway HT; confetti cannons, with red, white and blue confetti in them, are also used. Till Lindemann, Rammstein's lead singer, wears a space suit with the name "Armstrong" on it - an obvious reference to Neil Armstrong, the first man on the Moon. The end of the video shows that the band have actually been in a fake Moon set in a studio, complete with film crew, as a reference to Apollo moon landing hoax accusations. The video shows the band in Apollo-era space suits on the Moon with shots of other cultures acting like Americans.

The band view it as a satirical commentary on Cocacolonization. It has received mixed reviews: some perceive it as anti-American, others as being opposed to globalization. It is sung largely in German with a chorus partly in English: We're all living in Amerika, Amerika ist wunderbar, We're all living in Amerika, Amerika, Amerika. It deals with the worldwide dominance of the culture of the United States of America.

"Amerika" was the second single released from Reise Reise. It was due to be released as the fifth single from "Reise, Reise" but it was cancelled following the release of the first single, Benzin, from the next album, Rosenrot. Los is almost complete acoustic, featuring a bluesy electric guitar solo and harmonica. On the video "The Making of Keine Lust", guitarist Richard Kruspe-Bernstein discussed the meaning of the song and video.

The Video was up for a nomination for the MTV European Music Awards in November 2005. At the end of the video, the rest of the band abandons Flake, after he arrives late. Flake appears in a motorized wheelchair. The video, filmed in January of 2005 and released a month later, portrays a visibly aged and fat future version of the band, playing a reunion of sorts.

Keine Lust, also released as a single, digipack and two-track, describes the band's disaffection with fame and money. The alarmed father rides for help, holding the child in his arms, only to find that his son is dead; Rammstein replaces this with a typically morbid twist: after running into a storm sent by the "king of all the winds" which threatens all the passengers, the terrified father suffocates the child by holding him too tightly and the child's soul joins its "brothers" in the winds. In the poem, the child cries out that the Erlkönig is abducting it. Rammstein's version differs markedly from Goethe's original in describing the fate of the child.

As in the poem, the travellers are menaced by a mysterious spirit which "invites" the child to join him (though only the child can hear the spirit's invitation). The song replaces Goethe's travelling man and child on horseback with a man and child on an aircraft, and the Erlkönig himself with the "king of all the winds". Other than this somewhat oblique reference, the song does not have anything to do with Tibetan Buddhism or the Dalai Lama. "Flugangst" ("fear of flying", or more loosely "flight fright") was also considered as a name before Rammstein settled on "Dalai Lama" in reference to the current Dalai Lama's well-publicised dislike of air travel.

The band apparently considered calling the song "Erlkönig" in homage to Goethe's poem. Dalai Lama is an adaptation of der Erlkönig, a poem written by Johann Wolfgang von Goethe (1749-1832) in 1782 and subsequently set to music by many composers, including Franz Peter Schubert (1797-1828) in 1815. This content led to its airing on TV being restricted to after 11pm. The video shows Till eating and copulating with an angel; Flake performing ballet; Richard wrestling his twin, Oliver writhing on the floor in a spasm; the whole band fighting in a mudpit; and five of the band members crawling out of a Berlin U-Bahn (subway) station while held on leashes carried by "Frau" Christoph Schneider, who is dressed as a woman.

Flake escapes from the pot and starts running around the stage with flames erupting from his arms and legs, while chased by a knife-wielding Till. After the second chorus, Till takes a flamethrower and roasts the bottom of the pot, "cooking" Flake. Keyboardist Christian "Flake" Lorenz appears in the pot, with metal cylinders attached to his arms and legs, and plays the keyboard during the song. He pulls out a giant cooking pot with a portable keyboard attached to one side.

In live performance, Till Lindemann appears dressed as a blood-stained chef holding a microphone with a large butcher's knife attached to the end. The song has also been remixed by Arthur Baker and Pet Shop Boys (these are included on the CD single). Mein Teil attracted considerable controversy in Germany, with the media dubbing it the "Kannibalensong", and this helped to boost it to second place in the German music charts after its release in early August 2004. It was written after one of the band brought a newspaper with the story to a rehearsal.

Mein Teil ("My part", German slang for "my penis") was inspired by the 2001 Armin Meiwes cannibalism case. The American version has this "hidden" track on the beginning of the album with no rewinding involved.). (This can only be done on the European version of the album. Easter egg: If the CD is rewound back 38 seconds into negative time at the beginning (right before Reise, Reise) and then played, a fragment of the flight recorder of the aforementioned aircraft disaster can be heard.

1"Teil" means "part" or "piece", but it is also a slang word for penis, similar to the English word "thing". 520 out of the 524 passengers and crew died, and it is still the worst single aircraft disaster in history. A Boeing 747, Japan Airlines Flight 123 took off from Haneda airport, Tokyo, and about 30 minutes later, crashed into the side of a mountain. The airplane accident on which the album is based occurred on the 12 August 1985, very nearly 20 years ago exactly.

There is a video for the title track found here [1] combined with clips of The Day After Tomorrow. It is also suggestive of the overarching 'travelling' theme of the album. The whole cover art is an allusion to the song Dalai Lama, which deals with an airplane accident. All versions include a booklet with the lyrics.

The CD itself has a silver matte/reflective relief surface which depicts a radar. The inner part of the Digipak edition case shows a picture of the six members in suits wielding suitcases and weapons leaving from a crashed airplane. Its caption ("Flugrekorder//nicht öffnen") means "Flight recorder//do not open". The case cover shows a damaged airplane blackbox (which are painted orange to enable quick location among crash debris) depicted on the front and back covers.

. Given Rammstein's propensity to use puns, a double meaning could well be intended, in which case the title would also translate to 'Journey, Journey'. Hence the translation of the title would be Arise, Arise, as seen in the song of the same name. As used in Reise, Reise aufstehen! Kommt hoch nach alter Seemannsart, the album name is an old sailor's expression to wake or rise other sailors.

The album ranked at #67 for Top 100 Albums of 2004 by Rate Your Music. It has been in the Top 10 in several European charts and a number 1 hit in Germany. It was released in North America on 16 November of the same year. Reise, Reise was Rammstein's fourth studio album, released on 27 September 2004 in Germany, followed shortly by its release in the rest of Europe.

"Keine Lust", released in February 2005. "Ohne dich", released in November 2004. "Amerika", released in September 2004. "Mein Teil", the first single, released in July 2004.

"Amour" - French for "Love". "Ohne dich" ("Without you"). "Stein um Stein" ("Stone by stone"). "Morgenstern" ("Morning star").

"Moskau" ("Moscow"). "Amerika" ("America"). "Los" ("(Let's) go" or "-less"). "Keine Lust" ("No desire").

"Dalai Lama". "Mein Teil" ("My part"). "Reise, Reise" ("Arise, arise" or "Journey, journey" / "Travel, travel").