Constantine Maroulis

Disney's ABC network bought rights to the show, courtesy of Grammnet (of Paramount, owned by former Cheers star Kelsey Grammar). In ancient Greece, shark flesh was forbidden to be eaten at women's festivals. In the fall of 2005, he was in negotiations to star in a teleivison sitcom that is loosely based on his upbringing as the youngest of three in a large Greek-American family of New York. In other Pacific Ocean cultures, Dakuwanga was a shark god who was the eater of lost souls.
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. His set list included well-known songs he did in the past, from Hedwig and the Angry Inch^[8], Rent, Jesus Christ Superstar^[9], and American Idol. They believed that sharks were guardians of the sea, and called them Aumakua.

Before the album release date, he performed in four live shows in Manila, Philippines and New Jersey, USA. Hawaiian mythology also contained many shark gods. He is also working on an upcoming solo album. The beach goers would laugh and ignore the warnings and go swimming, subsequently being eaten by the same shark man who warned them not to enter the water. He only took a temporarily leave of absence, returning after he was the seventh finalist voted off. A common theme in the stories was that the shark men would warn beach goers that sharks were in the waters. Contrary to what was portrayed in the fourth season debut, he did not quit his band. They could change form between shark and human at any time desired, and for any length.

Maroulis currently fronts the hard rock band, Pray For the Soul of Betty, based in New York. There are stories of shark men who have shark jaws on their back. Mr. Sharks figure prominently in the Hawaiian mythology. Maroulis later recorded a studio version of the track for Killer Queen: A Tribute to Queen^[7], which was released on August 9, 2005 on Queen's label, Hollywood Records, a division of Universal. Some organizations, such as the Shark Trust, campaign to limit shark fishing. His rendition of the Queen classic "Bohemian Rhapsody" also earned him the praise of judges, including the usually harsh Simon Cowell. This has caused concern among biologists regarding the increase in effort applied to catching sharks over time, and many species are considered to be threatened.

Maroulis' was featured on the American Idol Season 4: The Showstoppers compilation with "My Funny Valentine" on the American Idol RCA record label, a division of Sony BMG. Sharks generally reach sexual maturity slowly and produce very few offspring in comparison to other fishes that are harvested. Less than a week before his elimination, Maroulis's pre-Idol band, Pray For The Soul Of Betty, announced the May 10 release of their epynomic debut of their pre-recorded, self-produced audio compact disc on their own record label, Baby Julius, through a distribution deal with Koch^[6]. Conservationists have campaigned for changes in the law to make finning illegal in the U.S. His sixth-place ouster surprised some afficionados, including a tearful Paula Abdul. There have been cases where hundreds of de-finned animals were swept up on local beaches without any way to convey themselves back into the sea. Maroulis, who received over 35 million votes over the course of the season, was voted off American Idol after he performed Nickelback's "How You Remind Me" during the 2000's music round. Sharks are often killed for shark fin soup, in which many sharks are hunted for their fins, which are cut off with a hot metal blade before the live animal is tossed back into the water.

On April 27, 2005, Mr. When served in fish and chip shops, it is called 'flake'. Throughout Idol, Maroulis was compared alongside another rocker, Bo Bice. In the Australian State of Victoria shark is the most commonly used fish in fish and chips, in which fillets are battered and deep fried or crumbed and grilled and served alongside chips. He was the first contestant of the season supported by the Vote for the Worst online campaign^[5] before the campaign switched focus to Scott Savol, as a result of fan complaints. Sharks are a common seafood in many places around the world, including Japan and Australia. In August 2004, upon an ex-girlfriend's suggestion, Maroulis traveled to Washington DC to audition for the television show American Idol. Other sharks are hunted for food (Atlantic thresher, mako and others), and some species for other products.

Since Idol, Maroulis is now represented by the Creative Artists Agency. It was used for purposes similar to sandpaper. Since he had no agent representing him, he was allowed on the show American Idol. Sharkskin is covered with dermal denticles, which are similar to tiny teeth. His role as Roger was non- equity. In the past they were fished simply for the sport of landing a good fighting fish (mako sharks for instance). After graduating the Conservatory, Maroulis trained as a director's apprentice at the Williamstown theatre festival^[3] in Boston and toured in the Broadway international touring of Rent as the lead role Roger Davis^[4]. Every year, 100 million sharks are killed by people in commercial and recreational fishing.

He has a cavalcade of off-Broadway roles from the Conservatory, along with a series of independent films. Sharks have two senses that many animals do not have:. Maroulis competed on the dating show Elimidate^[2] and was an extra in NBC's Law and Order: SVU and the WB's Astro Boy. There are three ways in which shark pups are born:. Many years prior to Idol, Mr. No known sharks provide parental protection for their young, but females have a hormone that is released into their blood during the pupping season that apparently keeps them from feeding. He moved on to The Boston Conservatory as a young adult, receiving his Bachelor of Fine Arts degree in 2002, majoring in musical theater with a minor in voice performance from Berklee College of Music. These pups are either protected by egg cases or born live.

He graduated from Ramapo High School in 1993. Instead of producing huge numbers of eggs and larvae (99.9% of which never reach sexual maturity in fishes that use this strategy) sharks normally produce around a dozen pups, some species up to 70-80 and some as few as 2-3. By age eleven he studied the trumpet at Eisenhower Middle School and later sang in high school garage bands (i.e, Lady Rain). Sharks have a much different reproductive strategy than most fishes. At that time he developed an interest in music education: following his older brother's lead who was performing in professional bands and pursuing a career in the record business; being influenced by the piano; and exposed to records his family listened to^[1]. In some species, females have evolved thicker skin to withstand the sharks bite marks during mating. Maroulis was 5 years old his family moved to Wyckoff, New Jersey, a very affluent suburb of New York City. The male may come and bite the edges of the female to show his interest.

When Mr. The bite marks can also come from the courtship of the sharks. They also have 20 cousins. Many females in the larger species have bite marks that appear to be a result of a male grasping her to maintain position. Maroulis (born 1968) is a New York schoolteacher. In the less flexible species the two sharks swim parallel to each other while the male inserts the clasper into the female's oviduct. Older brother Athanasios Demetrios Maroulis (born 1964) is a record producer and sister Anastacia P. The smaller catsharks often mate with the male curling around the female.

Maroulis (born 1938). Mating has rarely been observed in sharks. Maroulis was born in Brooklyn, New York to Greek parents, James Constantine Maroulis and Constance P. This animal is the clearnose skate (Raja eglanteria) which has claspers of 15 cm (6 in) in size on a fish that reaches 1 m (3 feet) in length.). . (As a side note, Class Chondrichthyes has the distinction of having the animal with the largest intromittent organ — an organ used for transmitting sperm — in relation to body length. The lead vocalist of the hard rock band Pray For The Soul Of Betty, he was a finalist on the fourth season of the reality television series American Idol. The name is somewhat misleading as they are not used to hold on to the female, but are the shark's version of the mammalian penis.

Constantine James Maroulis (born September 17, 1975 in Brooklyn, New York) is an American rock singer (tenor), actor, and writer. The males all have their pelvic fins modified into a pair of claspers. (Bauhaus) and Killing Joke members on later albums. The sex of a shark can be easily determined. They also collaborated with David J. The jaw was realized to be inaccurate, and estimates revised downwards to around 43 feet (13 metres) to 52 feet (15.9 metres). Spahn Ranch toured throughout the Northern American continent with various other Industrial/Gothic music groups. A reproduction of the jaw was based on some of the largest teeth (up to almost 17 cm (7 inches) in length) and suggested a fish that could grow 80 feet (25 metres) long to 100 feet (30.5 metres).

His brother, Athan Maroulis joined the Industrial music group Spahn Ranch in 1993. The Lamniformes include the extinct Megalodon (Carcharodon megalodon), which like all extinct sharks is only known from its teeth (the only bone found in these cartilaginous fishes, and therefore the only fossils produced). Attended Eisenhower Middle, Ramapo High, Boston Conservatory, Berklee. There are eight orders of sharks, listed below in roughly their evolutionary relationship from more primitive to more modern species:. Placed sixth in American Idol. Most of the species we know today are as old as the Jurassic period. Lead singer of Pray For The Soul Of Betty. The first sharks appeared in the oceans 400 to 350 million years ago.

Fluent in Greek and English ^{[citation needed]}. There are more than 360 described species of sharks. Born in Brooklyn, raised in Wyckoff. It is currently thought that the sharks form a polyphyletic group: in particular, some sharks are more closely related to rays than they are to some other sharks. Zodiac: Rabbit. The Elasmobranchii also include rays and skates; the Chondrichthyes also include Chimaeras. Sign: Virgo. Sharks belong to the superorder Selachimorpha in the subclass Elasmobranchii in the class Chondrichthyes.

Eyes: Brown. The collective noun for a group of sharks is a shiver. Nationality: American. The name may have been derived from the Mayan word for shark, xoc, pronounced "shock" or "shawk". Ethnicity: Greek. The name "Shark" first came into use around the late 1560s to refer to the large sharks of the Caribbean Sea, and later to all sharks in general. Hair: Dark Brown. Until the late 16th century sharks were usually referred to in the English language as sea-dogs.

Height: 6 '3 " (190 cm). These exceptions may be due to the "warm-blooded", or homeothermic, nature of their physiology. Another exception, the Great White, the largest actively predatory shark, is capable of surprising bursts of speed. The Mako shark is generally considered to be the fastest species of shark, and may be the fastest of all fish (for short bursts). One exception to this generality is the Mako shark, whose speed may range upwards of thirty miles (48 kilometers) per hour.

In general, sharks swim ("cruise") at an average speed of five miles (8.25 kilometers) per hour, but when feeding or attacking, the average shark will reach speeds upwards of twelve miles (19.25 kilometers) per hour. A few other shark species do attack people every year, producing wounds that can potentially kill, but this occurs either specifically because they have been provoked, or through mistaken identity due to water conditions or the like. Many shark species are known to "display" when feeling threatened, and it is ill-advised to remain in the vicinity at such a time as this would generally be considered enough provocation to warrant an attack. In most cases, if a person moves away calmly, or remains still, they will be ignored.

These sharks are also large, powerful predators which can be provoked simply by being in the water at the wrong time and place, but they are normally considered less dangerous to divers and swimmers than the previous group. This group contains the Mako, Hammerhead, Gray Reef, Black Tip Reef, Lemon, Silky and Blue sharks. A number of other species (perhaps 10 - 15) have threatened, attacked, and/or bitten (but not killed) humans without being obviously provoked. This protects the shark from retribution from a wounded and aggressive target, but also allows humans the time to get out of the water and survive.

This behaviour has many possible explanations, one being that humans don't taste good (or at least, as good), or are lacking the necessary fat, and another being that sharks normally make one swift attack, and then retreat and wait for the victim to die, or exhaust itself, before it comes back to feed. Often the shark that attacks a human will make only one bite and then go away. Some claim that the shark is confusing a human for a seal or other prey animal; this would be typical in the case of an attack against a surfer. There are many theories about why sharks attack people.

These sharks, being large, powerful predators perfectly capable of eating humans, will sometimes attack and kill people, but all of the above sharks, even the Great White, have been filmed in open water, with no cage, time and time again, without incident. Out of the more than 360 described species of sharks, only 4 have been confirmed to have killed humans: the Great White, Tiger, Bull, and Oceanic Whitetip sharks. Contrary to popular belief, only a few sharks are dangerous to humans. only those people who enter the water in the areas populated by sharks).

several hundred people die anually struck by lightning; however, lightning may strike anywhere worldwide, whereas only a very small part of human population is susceptible to shark attacks, i.e. While sharks cause a few dozen human deaths annually, it is relatively not a large number (e.g. The fear of sharks has been fueled worldwide by a few unusual instances of unprovoked attack, such as the Jersey Shore Shark Attacks of 1916, and by sensationalized fiction and film, such as the Jaws series. Their upper jaw are not attached to the skull.

Urine in sharks accumulates in the blood and is then secreted through the skin. [1]. The evidence that sharks are at least resistant to cancer and disease is mostly anecdotal and there have been few, if any, scientific or statistical studies that have shown sharks to have heightened immunity to disease. A popular myth is that sharks are immune to disease and cancer, however, this is untrue and there are both diseases and parasites that affect sharks.

Researchers use this condition for handling sharks safely. A shark, if inverted, enters a natural state of paralysis. Their dermal teeth gives them hydrodynamic advantages as they are reducing the turbulence when swimming. A similar arrangement of collagen fibres has been discovered in dolphins and squids.

The sharks saves more energy while swimming this way than if they didn't have their collagenous corset. This works as an outer skeleton, providing attachment for their swimming muscles. Unlike bony fish, the sharks have a complex dermal corset arranged as a helical network and made of flexible collagenous fibres surrounding their body. Sand tiger sharks are known to gulp air at the surface and store it in their stomach to provide buoyancy.

Also, unlike other fish, sharks do not have gas-filled swim bladders, but rather rely on an oil-filled liver for (limited) buoyancy, so they sink when they stop swimming; a resting shark always sinks to the sea bed. The outflow is strong enough to allow for respiration, and it is believed that the reason for this behaviour is that the fresh water helps remove certain parasites. There are also known instances, such as in certain caves along the Yucatan coast, where sharks of varying species rest on the cave floors and allow the fresh water outflow to pass over them. Some sharks, like the Blacktip Reef Shark and Nurse Shark, can pump water over their gills as they rest.

If a shark were to stop swimming, the necessary water circulation for respiration would become too low and the animal could suffocate. Due to their size and the nature of their metabolism, sharks have a higher demand for oxygen than most fish and they cannot rely on ambient water current to provide an adequate supply of oxygenated water. Like other fish, sharks extract their oxygen from seawater as it passes over their gills. This is possible because of the presence of the rete mirabile, a counter current exchange mechanism that reduces the loss of body heat.

A few of the larger species, the Mako and White Shark, are mildly homeothermic, able to maintain their body temperature at a level above the ocean's temperature. Although not unique among sharks, the Bull Shark is the better known of several species to regularly swim in both salt and fresh water environments (most famously in Lake Nicaragua, in Central America) and in most deltas. Sharks include everything from the hand-sized Pygmy Shark, a deep sea species, to the Whale Shark, the largest fish (although sharks are not closely related to bony fish) which is known to grow to a maximum length of approximately 15m (49 feet) and which, like the great whales, feeds only on plankton. There are exceptions to the "large", "marine" (as in 'ocean-going') and "predatory" portions of the characterization.

(Gilbertson, 7.3). The lower teeth are primarily used for holding prey, while the top are used for cutting into it. Their teeth are not attached to the jaw, but embedded in their flesh, and in many species are constantly replaced throughout the shark's life. Sharks generally rely on their superior sense of smell to find prey, but once they are close they also use the lateral lines running along their sides to sense movement in the water and also employ special sensory pores on their heads (Ampullae of Lorenzini) to detect electrical pulses created by the muscles of prey.

This membrane covers the eyes during predation, and when it is being attacked. To protect their eyes some have nictitating membranes. Sharks have eyelids, but they do not blink because the surrounding water cleans their eyes. The effectiveness of the tissue varies, with some sharks having stronger nocturnal adaptations.

This tissue is behind the retina and reflects light back to the retina, thereby increasing visibility in the dark waters. Shark eyes are similar to the eyes of other vertebrates, including similar lenses, corneas and retinas, though their eyesight is well adapted to their marine environment with the help of a tissue called tapetum lucidum. The short duct between the anterior and posterior nasal openings are not fused like in bony fish. Some species, such as Nurse sharks, have external barbels that greatly increase their ability to sense prey.

They are even more attracted to the chemicals found in the gut of many species, and often linger near or in sewage outfalls. Sharks have keen olfactory senses, with some species able to detect as little as one part per million of blood in seawater. . Sharks are a group (superorder Selachimorpha) of fish, with a full cartilaginous skeleton, a streamlined body plan, with normally 5, but up to 7 (depending on species) gill slits along the side of, or beginning slightly behind, the head (in some species, a modified slit called a spiracle, is located just behind the eye), dermal denticles covering the body to protect from damage, parasites and improve fluid dynamics, and rows of replaceable teeth in the mouth.

The black tip diving shark will can dive up to 250 feet down. The Basking shark is a shark that will never eat a human. The people who worshipped him feared to eat, touch or cross the smoke of the kokala, his sacred fish. Kane-i-kokala - A kind shark god that saved shipwrecked people by taking them to shore.

He sometimes moved to another cave on the windward side of island of Moloka'i. Kauhuhu - He was a fierce king shark that lived in a cave in Kipahulu on the island of Maui. He was said to be 30 fathoms (55 m) long and was the husband of Ka'ahupahau. Kuhaimoana - He was the brother of Pele and lived in the Ka'ula islet.

Kua - This was the main shark god of the people of Ka'u, and believed to be their ancestor. He had an affair with a human girl, who gave birth to a helpful green shark. He was called the protector of the Ka'u people. Keali'ikau 'o Ka'u - He was the cousin of Pele and son of Kua.

Kawelomahamahai'a - Another human, he was transformed into a shark. He was a trickster god who performed many heroic feats, including the calming of two legendary colliding hills that destroyed canoes trying to pass between. Kane'apua - Most commonly, he was the brother of Pele and Kamohoali'i. Kaholia Kane - This was the shark god of the ali'i Kalaniopu'u and he was believed to live in a cave at Puhi, Kaua'i.

She was also believed to live near Pearl Harbor. She was later transformed into shark form and was believed to protect the people who lived on O'ahu from sharks. Ka'ahupahau - This goddess was born human, with her defining characteristic being her red hair. At one point he had a he'iau (temple or shrine) dedicated to him on every piece of land that jutted into the ocean on the island of Moloka'i.

A summit cliff on the crater of Kilauea is considered to be one of his most sacred spots. He was able to take on all human and fish forms. Kamohoali'i - The most well known and revered of the shark gods, he was the older and favored brother of Pele, and helped and journeyed with her to Hawaii. The shark can 'hear' frequencies in the range of 25 to 50 Hz using this sense.

The shark uses this to detect other organisms moving, especially wounded fish. It is used to detect motion or 'sound' in the water. Lateral line - This system is found in most fishes, including sharks. It is this sense that sometimes confuses a shark into attacking a boat: when the metal interacts with salt water, sharks can detect the resultant electrical charge from over one mile away.

This sense is used to find prey hidden in sand in bottom feeding sharks, by detecting the nerve impulses. The shark has the greatest electricity sensitivity known in all animals. Electroreception: The Ampullae of Lorenzini are small pits in the head that detect electricity. They choose such areas mainly because of the protection from predators (mainly other sharks) and the abundance of food.

Most ovoviviparous sharks generally give birth in sheltered areas, including bays, river mouths, and shallow reefs. Whale shark eggs found are now thought to have been aborted. The whale shark is now considered to be in this category after having been classified as oviparous for a long time. The survival strategy for the species that do this is that the young are able to grow to an even larger size before being born.

Sand tigers, makos, threshers, porbeagles and possibly great whites have oophagous young. Sometimes they are functional even before being born, as some species practice oophagy, where the first to hatch eat the remaining eggs in the oviduct. As in viviparity, the young are born alive and fully functional. The eggs hatch within the oviduct, and the young continue to be nourished by the remnants of the yolk and the oviduct's fluids.

The young are nourished by the yolk of their egg and by fluids secreted by glands in the walls of the oviduct. Ovoviviparity - Most sharks utilize this method. The blue shark produces the most young of sharks that have had the number of pups recorded, the maximum reported being 82. Dogfishes also have the longest known gestation period of any shark, 22 months.

Hammerheads, the requiem sharks (like the bull and tiger sharks), the basking shark and the smooth dogfishes fall into this category. The young are born alive and fully functional. Viviparity - These sharks actually maintain a placental link to the developing young, more analogous to mammals than other fishes. Oviparous sharks include the horn shark, catsharks, Port Jackson Sharks, and the swell shark.

When they wash up empty on beaches, the egg cases are sometimes called mermaid's purses. Some of these cases are corkscrewed into crevices for protection. In most of these species, the developing embryo is protected by an egg case with the consistency of leather. Oviparity - Some sharks lay eggs.

They are distinguished by their large jaws and ovoviviparous reproduction. They include the goblin shark, basking shark, megamouth shark, the thresher sharks, mako shark and great white shark. Lamniformes: They are commonly referred to as the mackerel sharks. They are distinguished by an elongated snout and a nictitating membrane which protects the eyes during an attack.

Carcharhiniformes: They are commonly referred to as the groundsharks, and some of the species include the blue, tiger, bull, reef and oceanic whitetip sharks (collectively called the requiem sharks) along with the houndsharks, catsharks and hammerhead sharks. Orectolobiformes: They are commonly referred to as the carpet sharks, including zebra sharks, nurse sharks, wobbegongs and the largest of all fishes, the whale shark. Heterodontiformes: They are commonly referred to as the bullhead or horn sharks. Squatiniformes: Angel sharks.

Pristiophoriformes: These are the sawsharks, with an elongated, toothed snout that they use for slashing the fishes that they subsequently eat. Squaliformes: Examples from this group include the bramble sharks, dogfish sharks and roughsharks. Hexanchiformes: Examples from this group include the cow sharks, frilled shark and even a shark that looks on first inspection to be a marine snake.