Cinderella

Gustave Doré's illustration for Cendrillon

Cinderella is a popular fairy tale embodying a classic folk tale myth-element of unjust oppression/triumphant reward, which received literally hundreds of tellings before modern times. The earliest version of the story originated in China around AD 860. It appeared in The Miscellaneous Record of You Yang (酉阳杂俎) by Tuan Ch'eng-Shih, a book which dates from the Tang Dynasty. The best-known version was written by the French author, Charles Perrault in 1697, based on a common folk tale earlier recorded by Giambattista Basile as La Gatta Cennerentola in 1634, but the animated film from Walt Disney Productions, (see Cinderella (1950 film)) has become the standard contemporary version despite the fact that it somewhat sanitises the original plotline.

Plot

Spoiler warning: Plot and/or ending details follow. Cinderella tries on the slipper

The familiar plot revolves around a girl deprived of her rightful station in the family and given the cruel nickname "Cinderella" by her horrible stepmother and step-sisters. Forced into a life of domestic servitude, hence the nickname, as she was forced to tend the fireplace, Cinderella accepts the help of her attendant spirit ("fairy godmother") who transforms her to attend a royal ball and attract the attention of the handsome prince. In some versions of the tale, there are three balls, though most tellings mention only one.

Unfortunately, the magic comes to an end at the first stroke of midnight. In the three-ball version, Cinderella keeps a close watch on the time the first two nights and is able to leave without difficulty. However, on the third (or only) night, she loses track of the time and must flee the castle before her disguise vanishes. In her haste, she loses a glass slipper which the prince finds. He declares that he will marry only the girl whose petite foot fits into the slipper.

Cinderella's stepmother and stepsisters (in some versions just the stepsisters) conspire to win the prince's hand for one of them. In the German telling of the story, the first stepsister fits into the slipper by cutting off a toe, but a magical eagle tells the prince to notice the blood dripping from the slipper, and he returns the false bride to her mother. The second stepsister fits into the slipper by cutting off her heel, but the same eagle gives her away. In all variants, Cinderella arrives and proves her identity by fitting into the slipper (in some cases she has kept the other, as in the Disney retelling). The evil stepsisters are sometimes punished for their deception by having their eyes pecked out by crows, or in other cases forgiven.

It is also worth noting that in some versions of the story there is no fairy godmother; rather Cinderella's dress and shoes come from a tree that grows over her mother's grave. Thus her mother (sometimes represented as a bird) is the supernatural force who assists the girl to find her prince. The midnight curfew is also absent in many versions; Cinderella leaves the ball to get home before her stepmother and stepsisters, or she is simply tired.

Discussion

The glass slipper is unique to Perrault's version; in other versions of the tale it may be made of other materials (in the version recorded by the Brothers Grimm, German: Aschenbroedel and Aschenputtel, for instance, it is gold) and in still other tellings, it is not a slipper but a ring or a bracelet that gives the prince the key to Cinderella's identity. Interpreters unaware of the value attached to glass in 17th century France and perhaps troubled by sartorial impracticalities, have suggested that Perrault's "glass slipper" (pantoufle de verre) had been a "fur slipper" (pantoufle de vair) in some unidentified earlier version of the tale, and that Perrault or one of his sources confused the words; however, most scholars believe the glass slipper was a deliberate piece of poetic invention on Perrault's part.

The original Chinese version of the story emphasized that Cinderella (or Yè Xiàn [葉羨] as she was called; known in the West as Yeh-Shen) had the smallest feet in the land. Small feet were an important aspect of beauty in Chinese culture, leading to practices such as foot binding. The translation of the story into cultures with different standards of beauty has left the significance of Cinderella's shoe size unclear, and resulted in the implausibility of Cinderella's feet being of a unique size for no particular reason. Humorous retellings of the story sometimes use the twist of having the shoes turn out to also fit somebody completely unsuitable, such as an amorous old crone.

The idea that "Cinderella" embodies myth elements was explored in The Uses of Enchantment (1989) by Bruno Bettelheim, who made many connections to the principles of Freudian psychology. In more recent times, as Freud's concepts have found more support as myth and poetry than as neurological science, it has seemed to mythographers less useful to explain one myth in terms of another myth. Instead, cultural elements ("memes" to some writers) may be disentangled from the Cinderella tale. Each social group, in re-telling "Cinderella," has emphasized or suppressed individual elements and has given them interpretations that are especially relevant within each society. Mythographers return to Cinderella for hints of the social ethos embodied in it, and the familiar story proves to be a useful case example for young students beginning to understand how myth works. Thus serious uses come from what appears on the surface to be a trivial wish-fulfilment narrative.

Refactoring continues. An example of the "uses of Cinderella" is presented by Shirley Climo, The Egyptian Cinderella (1989), aimed at young children: "Rhodopis, a Greek slave girl living in Egypt, is teased by the servants about her coloring. Eventually, one of her rosy-gold slippers is carried to the pharaoh's court. He searches for, and finds, the girl. Based partly on fact (a slave named Rhodopis did marry Pharaoh Amasis) and partly on folk legends, this story is remarkable for its details of life in ancient Egypt and for the Egyptian-style illustrations". As a document, this reveals some contemporary American approaches to historicism, cultural multiplicity, racism, and educating for a spirit of tolerance. The anachronism of a supposed skin-color sensitivity in Egypt itself is revealing.

Earlier, less self-consciously instructive Cinderellas have more revealing mythic content.

The term Cinderella has evolved from its storybook beginnings to become the name for a variety of female personalities. Some girls are described as a Cinderella if they are meek and immediately submissive to stern orders. Others are called Cinderella if they tend to quietly complain. For example, a girl from a wealthy household who has been ordered to wash the dishes as a fulfilment of her once a month chores would be deemed a Cinderella; a fallen princess who has finally met with tough reality.

Cinderella, along with the more general "princess," are shorthand for a particular approach to weddings and Western wedding attire, especially the white dress. A bride with the Cinderella mindset believes that the dress and the occasion exist in order that she may be transformed for the day into a beautiful princess. Detractors of such princess brides argue that the wedding is not solely about the bride; nevertheless, many wedding gown retailers appeal, directly or indirectly, to the Cinderella ideal.

Vehicles

The story of "Cinderella" has formed the basis of many works:

Opera

  • La Cenerentola by Gioacchino Rossini
  • Cendrillon by Jules Massenet
  • La Cenicienta by Jorge Peña Hen

Ballet

  • Aschenbroedel by Johann Strauss II
  • Cinderella by Sergei Prokofiev

Pantomime

The subject of Cinderella is very common for British and Australian pantomimes. In the pantomime form Cinderella's father (Baron Hardup) is under the thumb of the stepmother. The stepmother's own daughters are the Ugly sisters who are jealous of Cinderella and cruel to her. There are also added characters such as Buttons (Baron Hardup's servant, and Cinderella's friend) and Dandini (the Prince's right-hand man, the character and even his name coming from Rossini's opera). The fairy Godmother must magically create a coach (from a pumpkin), footmen (from mice) and a beautiful dress for Cinderella in order for her to go to the ball. Her traditional line "Cinderella, you shall go to the ball!" has passed into common usage from gay culture where the meme of the "glamorous transformation" is a source of fascination and humor.

Musical Comedy

Mara Wilson in Rodgers and Hammerstein's Cinderella (2005)
  • Cinderella by Rodgers and Hammerstein, which was produced for television three times:
    • Cinderella (1957) featuring Julie Andrews, Jon Cypher, Kaye Ballard, Alice Ghostley and Edith Adams.
    • Cinderella (1965) featuring Lesley Ann Warren, Stuart Damon, Ginger Rogers, Walter Pidgeon, and Celeste Holm, considered by Amazon.com to be the best TV version
    • Cinderella (1997) featuring Brandy, Paolo Montalban, Whitney Houston, Whoopi Goldberg, Victor Garber, Bernadette Peters, and Jason Alexander, considered by Amazon.com to be weak despite its diverse cast
  • In 2005 the Rodgers and Hammerstein musical was adapted for the stage, also starring Paolo Montalban and with an ethnically diverse cast.
  • Mister Cinders, which was filmed in 1934
  • Into the Woods by Stephen Sondheim (Cinderella is only a small part of this plot).

Film

Over the decades since the invention of motion pictures, literally hundreds of films have been made that are either direct adaptations or have plots loosely based on the story of Cinderella. Almost every year at least one, but often several such films are produced and released, resulting in Cinderella becoming a work of literature with one of the largest numbers of film adaptations ascribed to it, perhaps rivaled only by the sheer number of films that have been adapted from or based on Bram Stoker's novel Dracula.

  • Cinderella, the 1899 first ever film version produced in France by Georges Méliès.
  • Cinderella, 1911 silent film, starring Florence La Badie.
  • Cinderella, an animated Laugh-O-Gram produced by Walt Disney, first released on December 6, 1922. This film was about 7 minutes long.
  • Cinderella (Зо́лушка), Russian musical film of 1947, 84 min, by Lenfilm studios.
  • Cinderella, an animated feature released on February 14, 1950, now considered one of Disney's "classics". A direct-to-video sequel, Cinderella II: Dreams Come True, was released in 2002. A Cinderella III is set to be released in 2006.
  • The Glass Slipper, 1955, with Leslie Caron and Michael Wilding.
  • Cinderella, 1957 with Julie Andrews
  • Cinderfella, 1960, notorious because the main character is a man, played by Jerry Lewis.
  • Tři oříšky pro Popelku (Three Nuts for Cinderella), Czech movie 1973
  • The Slipper and the Rose, a 1976 British musical film starring Gemma Craven and Richard Chamberlain.
  • Cindy, made for television, 1978
  • Cinderella, 1997 with Brandy and Whitney Houston
  • Ever After, 1998, starring Drew Barrymore.
  • Cinderella, a 2000 British production set in mid-20th century and starring Kathleen Turner.
  • A Cinderella Story, released July 16, 2004, is a modernization of the classic fairy tale featuring Hilary Duff and Chad Michael Murray.
  • Cinderelmo, a Cinderella story featuring Sesame Street's Elmo and Keri Russell.
  • Ella Enchanted, starring Minnie Driver and Anne Hathaway (2004)

Books

  • Witches Abroad by Terry Pratchett
  • Ella Enchanted by Gail Carson Levine
  • Just Ella by Margaret Peterson Haddix
  • The Glass Slipper by Eleanor Farjeon
  • Phoenix and Ashes by Mercedes Lackey
  • Confessions of an Ugly Stepsister by Gregory Maguire
  • I was a Rat! or The Scarlet Slippers by Philip Pullman
  • The Ash Girl by Timberlake Wertenbaker

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Almost every year at least one, but often several such films are produced and released, resulting in Cinderella becoming a work of literature with one of the largest numbers of film adaptations ascribed to it, perhaps rivaled only by the sheer number of films that have been adapted from or based on Bram Stoker's novel Dracula. Earned seats is a method of counting passenger numbers which includes all seats sold whether the passenger turns up or not, and also seats used for promotional purposes and staff business travel. Over the decades since the invention of motion pictures, literally hundreds of films have been made that are either direct adaptations or have plots loosely based on the story of Cinderella. These are "earned seat" numbers. Her traditional line "Cinderella, you shall go to the ball!" has passed into common usage from gay culture where the meme of the "glamorous transformation" is a source of fascination and humor. easyJet has published the following passenger numbers:. The fairy Godmother must magically create a coach (from a pumpkin), footmen (from mice) and a beautiful dress for Cinderella in order for her to go to the ball.
.

There are also added characters such as Buttons (Baron Hardup's servant, and Cinderella's friend) and Dandini (the Prince's right-hand man, the character and even his name coming from Rossini's opera). Now, flights can only be booked over the Internet except during the 2 weeks immediately before the flight when telephone booking is also available. The stepmother's own daughters are the Ugly sisters who are jealous of Cinderella and cruel to her. Within a year 15% of bookings were made using the web site, by April 2004 the figure had jumped to 98%. In the pantomime form Cinderella's father (Baron Hardup) is under the thumb of the stepmother. The planes were repainted with the web address. The subject of Cinderella is very common for British and Australian pantomimes. Internet bookings were priced cheaper than booking over the phone, to reflect the reduced call centre costs.

The story of "Cinderella" has formed the basis of many works:. Later he changed his mind, and easyJet became the first UK airline to offer online booking in April 1998. Detractors of such princess brides argue that the wedding is not solely about the bride; nevertheless, many wedding gown retailers appeal, directly or indirectly, to the Cinderella ideal. When asked about the possibility of Internet sales, Stelios had replied that the Internet was "just for geeks". A bride with the Cinderella mindset believes that the dress and the occasion exist in order that she may be transformed for the day into a beautiful princess. There is no incentive for travel agents to sell easyJet bookings because there is no commission, a standard practice for the low cost carriers. Cinderella, along with the more general "princess," are shorthand for a particular approach to weddings and Western wedding attire, especially the white dress. Initially booking was by telephone only, all the planes were painted with the booking telephone number.

For example, a girl from a wealthy household who has been ordered to wash the dishes as a fulfilment of her once a month chores would be deemed a Cinderella; a fallen princess who has finally met with tough reality. [3]. Others are called Cinderella if they tend to quietly complain. When the last of the Airbus A319s has been delivered in 2007 easyJet still expects to be operating all its 32 Boeing 737-700s and to have completely retired its 737-300s. Some girls are described as a Cinderella if they are meek and immediately submissive to stern orders. Easyjet converted 20 of its options into orders in December 2005[2]. The term Cinderella has evolved from its storybook beginnings to become the name for a variety of female personalities. These were first introduced to easyJet's Geneva base, UK bases followed in 2004.

Earlier, less self-consciously instructive Cinderellas have more revealing mythic content. In September 2003 it broke with its previous philosophy of operating just one aircraft type by ordering 120 Airbus A319s (and 120 options) with CFM56-5B engines [1]. The anachronism of a supposed skin-color sensitivity in Egypt itself is revealing. Like most low cost carriers at the time, easyJet initially operated exclusively Boeing 737 aircraft. As a document, this reveals some contemporary American approaches to historicism, cultural multiplicity, racism, and educating for a spirit of tolerance. * Includes 10 aircraft placed with easyJet Switzerland.. Based partly on fact (a slave named Rhodopis did marry Pharaoh Amasis) and partly on folk legends, this story is remarkable for its details of life in ancient Egypt and for the Egyptian-style illustrations". The easyJet fleet consists of the following aircraft (at January 2006):.

He searches for, and finds, the girl. A detailed list of cities served can be found in easyJet destinations. Eventually, one of her rosy-gold slippers is carried to the pharaoh's court.
. An example of the "uses of Cinderella" is presented by Shirley Climo, The Egyptian Cinderella (1989), aimed at young children: "Rhodopis, a Greek slave girl living in Egypt, is teased by the servants about her coloring. It also has hubs at:-. Refactoring continues. easyJet's main base is London Luton (LTN), although its largest is now at London Gatwick (LGW).

Thus serious uses come from what appears on the surface to be a trivial wish-fulfilment narrative. easyJet is claimed to be a more business-oriented airline than Ryanair, since it flies to major airports (as opposed to secondary airports) and has recently removed limits on hand luggage weight (within reason). Mythographers return to Cinderella for hints of the social ethos embodied in it, and the familiar story proves to be a useful case example for young students beginning to understand how myth works. It also holds a 49% stake in easyJet Switzerland. Each social group, in re-telling "Cinderella," has emphasized or suppressed individual elements and has given them interpretations that are especially relevant within each society. easyJet's main shareholder is Stelios Haji-Ioannou. Instead, cultural elements ("memes" to some writers) may be disentangled from the Cinderella tale. In December 2003 easyJet announced it would open a new hub in Berlin, at Schönefeld Airport, from which it started flying on 11 routes from May 2004.

In more recent times, as Freud's concepts have found more support as myth and poetry than as neurological science, it has seemed to mythographers less useful to explain one myth in terms of another myth. Operations were boosted in 2002 with the acquisition of rival airline, London Stansted based Go Fly. The idea that "Cinderella" embodies myth elements was explored in The Uses of Enchantment (1989) by Bruno Bettelheim, who made many connections to the principles of Freudian psychology. easyJet was floated on the London stock exchange in October 2000. Humorous retellings of the story sometimes use the twist of having the shoes turn out to also fit somebody completely unsuitable, such as an amorous old crone. In March 1998 it purchased a 40% stake in TEA Switzerland, renamed EasyJet Switzerland. The translation of the story into cultures with different standards of beauty has left the significance of Cinderella's shoe size unclear, and resulted in the implausibility of Cinderella's feet being of a unique size for no particular reason. This caused much outrage among travel agents.

Small feet were an important aspect of beauty in Chinese culture, leading to practices such as foot binding. Its early marketing strategy was based on 'making flying as affordable as a pair of jeans' and urged travellers to 'cut out the travel agent'. The original Chinese version of the story emphasized that Cinderella (or Yè Xiàn [葉羨] as she was called; known in the West as Yeh-Shen) had the smallest feet in the land. It was launched by Stelios Haji-Ioannou with two leased Boeing 737-200 aircraft wet leased from GB Airways and operating two routes: London Luton to Glasgow and Edinburgh. Interpreters unaware of the value attached to glass in 17th century France and perhaps troubled by sartorial impracticalities, have suggested that Perrault's "glass slipper" (pantoufle de verre) had been a "fur slipper" (pantoufle de vair) in some unidentified earlier version of the tale, and that Perrault or one of his sources confused the words; however, most scholars believe the glass slipper was a deliberate piece of poetic invention on Perrault's part. The airline was established on 18 October 1995 and started operations on 10 November 1995. The glass slipper is unique to Perrault's version; in other versions of the tale it may be made of other materials (in the version recorded by the Brothers Grimm, German: Aschenbroedel and Aschenputtel, for instance, it is gold) and in still other tellings, it is not a slipper but a ring or a bracelet that gives the prince the key to Cinderella's identity. The Irish airline claims to be 50% cheaper than easyJet, despite their fees and taxes being up to three times more expensive than those of easyJet's.

The midnight curfew is also absent in many versions; Cinderella leaves the ball to get home before her stepmother and stepsisters, or she is simply tired. Ryanair has come under critisism for using agressive advertising techniques to inform consumers of their low fares. Thus her mother (sometimes represented as a bird) is the supernatural force who assists the girl to find her prince. As of September 2005, Ryanair flies more passengers, but easyJet has a higher turnover, leading both of them to claim to be "Europe's number one low cost airline". It is also worth noting that in some versions of the story there is no fairy godmother; rather Cinderella's dress and shoes come from a tree that grows over her mother's grave. This is mainly due to the different range of airports used and Ryanair routinely scheduling flights to take thirty minutes longer than required. The evil stepsisters are sometimes punished for their deception by having their eyes pecked out by crows, or in other cases forgiven. Ryanair makes much of the fact that easyJet's average fares are higher and its average punctuality is consistently lower.

In all variants, Cinderella arrives and proves her identity by fitting into the slipper (in some cases she has kept the other, as in the Disney retelling). easyJet places more focus on attracting business travellers as well as leisure travellers, although all its aircraft have single-class cabins. The second stepsister fits into the slipper by cutting off her heel, but the same eagle gives her away. easyJet flies mainly to leading airports while Ryanair uses far more secondary airports to reduce costs. In the German telling of the story, the first stepsister fits into the slipper by cutting off a toe, but a magical eagle tells the prince to notice the blood dripping from the slipper, and he returns the false bride to her mother. The two companies have slightly different strategies. Cinderella's stepmother and stepsisters (in some versions just the stepsisters) conspire to win the prince's hand for one of them. easyJet and its Republic of Ireland-based rival Ryanair are by far the largest low cost airlines in Europe, and the rivalry between them is intense and sometimes vituperative (especially on Ryanair's side from its high profile chief executive Michael O'Leary).

He declares that he will marry only the girl whose petite foot fits into the slipper. . In her haste, she loses a glass slipper which the prince finds. It is a constituent of the FTSE 250 Index. However, on the third (or only) night, she loses track of the time and must flee the castle before her disguise vanishes. It was founded by easyGroup entrepreneur Stelios Haji-Ioannou, but it is now listed on the London Stock Exchange and easyGroup owns only a minority stake. In the three-ball version, Cinderella keeps a close watch on the time the first two nights and is able to leave without difficulty. It operates frequent scheduled services for leisure and business passengers and serves more than 200 routes between more than 60 European airports.

Unfortunately, the magic comes to an end at the first stroke of midnight. The company is based at London Luton Airport. In some versions of the tale, there are three balls, though most tellings mention only one.
easyJet is a low cost airline officially known as easyJet Airline Company Limited. Forced into a life of domestic servitude, hence the nickname, as she was forced to tend the fireplace, Cinderella accepts the help of her attendant spirit ("fairy godmother") who transforms her to attend a royal ball and attract the attention of the handsome prince.
. The familiar plot revolves around a girl deprived of her rightful station in the family and given the cruel nickname "Cinderella" by her horrible stepmother and step-sisters. easyJet has been seen on the A&E show Airline UK.

. FL GROUP, the owner of airlines Icelandair and Sterling, holds 16,18% share in easyJet. The best-known version was written by the French author, Charles Perrault in 1697, based on a common folk tale earlier recorded by Giambattista Basile as La Gatta Cennerentola in 1634, but the animated film from Walt Disney Productions, (see Cinderella (1950 film)) has become the standard contemporary version despite the fact that it somewhat sanitises the original plotline. The UK television station ITV runs a series called "Airline" featuring easyJet and its staff at work at Luton airport. It appeared in The Miscellaneous Record of You Yang (酉阳杂俎) by Tuan Ch'eng-Shih, a book which dates from the Tang Dynasty. This is facilitated by using the A320 centre fuselage section. The earliest version of the story originated in China around AD 860. Due to higher density passenger seating and the enforced extra safety requirement, easyJet's Airbus A319 aircraft have two pairs of overwing exits instead of standard one-pair exits found on all other Airbus A319.

Cinderella is a popular fairy tale embodying a classic folk tale myth-element of unjust oppression/triumphant reward, which received literally hundreds of tellings before modern times. On 14 December 2004, easyJet and Hotelopia, a subsidiary of First Choice Holidays, launched a co-branded easyJetHotels accommodation booking service. The Ash Girl by Timberlake Wertenbaker. Year ended 30 September 1999: 3,100,000. I was a Rat! or The Scarlet Slippers by Philip Pullman. Year ended 30 September 2000: 5,600,000. Confessions of an Ugly Stepsister by Gregory Maguire. Year ended 30 September 2001: 7,100,000.

Phoenix and Ashes by Mercedes Lackey. Year ended 30 September 2002: 11,400,000. The Glass Slipper by Eleanor Farjeon. Year ended 30 September 2003: 20,332,973. Just Ella by Margaret Peterson Haddix. Year ended 30 September 2004: 24,343,649. Ella Enchanted by Gail Carson Levine. Year ended 30 September 2005: 29,557,640.

Witches Abroad by Terry Pratchett. 32 Boeing 737-700. Ella Enchanted, starring Minnie Driver and Anne Hathaway (2004). 16 Boeing 737-300. Cinderelmo, a Cinderella story featuring Sesame Street's Elmo and Keri Russell. 60 Airbus A319-100* (further 80 on order). A Cinderella Story, released July 16, 2004, is a modernization of the classic fairy tale featuring Hilary Duff and Chad Michael Murray. Orly Airport, Paris (ORY).

Cinderella, a 2000 British production set in mid-20th century and starring Kathleen Turner. Nottingham East Midlands Airport (EMA),. Ever After, 1998, starring Drew Barrymore. Newcastle Airport (NCL),. Cinderella, 1997 with Brandy and Whitney Houston. Malpensa International Airport (MXP),. Cindy, made for television, 1978. London Stansted (STN),.

The Slipper and the Rose, a 1976 British musical film starring Gemma Craven and Richard Chamberlain. Liverpool John Lennon Airport (LPL),. Tři oříšky pro Popelku (Three Nuts for Cinderella), Czech movie 1973. Glasgow International Airport (GLA),. Cinderfella, 1960, notorious because the main character is a man, played by Jerry Lewis. Geneva Cointrin International Airport (GVA),. Cinderella, 1957 with Julie Andrews. Edinburgh (EDI),.

The Glass Slipper, 1955, with Leslie Caron and Michael Wilding. Dortmund Airport (DTM),. A Cinderella III is set to be released in 2006. Bristol International Airport (BRS),. A direct-to-video sequel, Cinderella II: Dreams Come True, was released in 2002. Berlin Schönefeld (SXF),. Cinderella, an animated feature released on February 14, 1950, now considered one of Disney's "classics". Belfast International Airport (BFS),.

Cinderella (Зо́лушка), Russian musical film of 1947, 84 min, by Lenfilm studios. Basel (BSL),. This film was about 7 minutes long. Cinderella, an animated Laugh-O-Gram produced by Walt Disney, first released on December 6, 1922. Cinderella, 1911 silent film, starring Florence La Badie.

Cinderella, the 1899 first ever film version produced in France by Georges Méliès. Into the Woods by Stephen Sondheim (Cinderella is only a small part of this plot). Mister Cinders, which was filmed in 1934. In 2005 the Rodgers and Hammerstein musical was adapted for the stage, also starring Paolo Montalban and with an ethnically diverse cast.

Cinderella (1997) featuring Brandy, Paolo Montalban, Whitney Houston, Whoopi Goldberg, Victor Garber, Bernadette Peters, and Jason Alexander, considered by Amazon.com to be weak despite its diverse cast. Cinderella (1965) featuring Lesley Ann Warren, Stuart Damon, Ginger Rogers, Walter Pidgeon, and Celeste Holm, considered by Amazon.com to be the best TV version. Cinderella (1957) featuring Julie Andrews, Jon Cypher, Kaye Ballard, Alice Ghostley and Edith Adams. Cinderella by Rodgers and Hammerstein, which was produced for television three times:

    .

    Cinderella by Sergei Prokofiev. Aschenbroedel by Johann Strauss II. La Cenicienta by Jorge Peña Hen. Cendrillon by Jules Massenet.

    La Cenerentola by Gioacchino Rossini.