Wuthering HeightsWuthering Heights is Emily Brontė's only novel. Published in 1847, under the pseudonym Ellis Bell, it has become a classic of English literature, and has given rise to many adaptations, including several films, radio and television dramatisations, and a musical, as well as inspiring a hit song by Kate Bush. A posthumous second edition was edited by her sister Charlotte. The setting for the book is Brontė's native Yorkshire moors. It takes the form of the first-person narrative of a minor character, Lockwood, who through conversations is told the tale of the principal protagonists. This framing device gives distance to the events. Nelly Dean, the secondary narrator, recounts scenes of strong emotion, violence, infanticide and sadism in a manner which is not completely dispassionate, but somewhat detached; she is not surprised at the extremes she recounts. Wuthering Heights 's innovative structure, which has been likened to a series of Chinese boxes, puzzled critics when the novel first appeared, and reception was lukewarm at best. Some contemporaneous critics even believed it to be an earlier, less mature work from Charlotte Brontė, who had also published Jane Eyre that same year under a pseudonym. Subsequent critics revised this view; most would agree that Wuthering Heights's originality and achievement exceeded anything that her sisters Charlotte and Anne had ever attempted. Spoiler warning: Plot or ending details follow.The anti-hero is the foundling Heathcliff, who is taken in by the wealthy Earnshaw family as a child, and falls in love with their daughter, Catherine. Catherine is also attached to Heathcliff, but he is not considered good enough to marry her. Instead, Cathy marries a wealthy neighbour, Edgar Linton, and the embittered Heathcliff sets out to ruin the fortunes of her family, which he does over a period of many years. In Other LiteratureIn Albert Camus' essay The Rebel, Heathcliff is compared to a rebel leader. Both are driven by a sort of madness: one by misguided love, the other by oppression. Camus juxtaposes the concept of Heathcliff's reaction to Cathy with the reaction of a disenchanted rebel to the ideal he once held. Film & Television AdaptationsPerhaps the best-known of the film adaptations was released in 1939. It stars Merle Oberon as Cathy Linton, Laurence Olivier as Heathcliff, David Niven as Edgar Linton, Flora Robson as Ellen Dean, Donald Crisp as Dr. Kenneth, Geraldine Fitzgerald as Isabella Linton and Leo G. Carroll as Joseph Earnshaw. The film was adapted by Charles MacArthur, Ben Hecht and John Huston. It was directed by William Wyler. The movie was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Picture. A 1992 film adaptation was the first one to show both generations from the story; that is Heathcliff, Cathy, Edgar, and Hindley, as well as their children. Juliette Binoche plays two roles, Catherine Earnshaw and her daughter. Ralph Fiennes plays Heathcliff. A 1953 adaptation on BBC Television was scripted by Nigel Kneale, directed by Rudolph Cartier and starred Yvonne Mitchell as Cathy. Sadly, this version does not survive in the BBC archives. Role-Playing Game AdaptationThe Wuthering Heights Roleplay game is a role-playing game
based on the French "René le Jeu de Rōle Romantique" by Philippe
Tromeur. It is a parody of the original story, free for download here: http://philippe.tromeur.free.fr/rene.htm In MusicWuthering Heights is also the title of a song by Kate Bush. It appears on her 1978 debut album, The Kick Inside, and was also released as her debut single. It quickly reached number one in the UK pop charts, and propelled the singer to widespread fame. Its lyrics are based on the story of the novel. Kate Bush was inspired to write the song after watching the 1939 version of the film and the fact that she shares the same birthday as Emily Brontė: July 30. The song was later covered by Pat Benatar. Carlisle Floyd wrote an opera based on this novel in 1958. Wuthering Heights is also the name of a Danish Heavy Metal band. (see Wuthering Heights (band)). The second 1976 album of Genesis, Wind & Wuthering was also largely inspired by the novel. This page about Wuthering Heights includes information from a Wikipedia article. Additional articles about Wuthering Heights News stories about Wuthering Heights External links for Wuthering Heights Videos for Wuthering Heights Wikis about Wuthering Heights Discussion Groups about Wuthering Heights Blogs about Wuthering Heights Images of Wuthering Heights |
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The second 1976 album of Genesis, Wind & Wuthering was also largely inspired by the novel. They decide to pin the blame on the unsuspecting maid, whom Clouseau becomes infatuated with, and forces the perpetrators to attempt to disappear, and due to a mistake, they do - permanently. (see Wuthering Heights (band)). Due to a complex network of affairs between the various people in the house, they begin murdering people, eventually raising the count to four. Wuthering Heights is also the name of a Danish Heavy Metal band. Ballon is the millionaire at whose house the initial murder takes place. Carlisle Floyd wrote an opera based on this novel in 1958. Benjamin Ballon (George Sanders). The song was later covered by Pat Benatar. Clouseau, suspecting murderers were trying to kill him, ordered a "training program" with Cato, telling him to attack "wherever and whenever I least expect it." This becomes a running gag throughout the films, as Cato chooses to attack his boss at the worst possible times. Kate Bush was inspired to write the song after watching the 1939 version of the film and the fact that she shares the same birthday as Emily Brontė: July 30. Cato is Clouseau's servant, trained in the martial arts. Its lyrics are based on the story of the novel. Cato (Burt Kwouk). It quickly reached number one in the UK pop charts, and propelled the singer to widespread fame. Sometimes he goes back to his old job, but once he went completely nuts, attempting to take over the world just to kill Clouseau. It appears
on her 1978 debut album, The
Kick Inside, and was also released as her debut single. When he was asked to read the
Inspector's eulogy (written by someone who actually liked him), he couldn't keep himself from laughing. Wuthering Heights is also the title of a song by Kate Bush. Dreyfus is consigned to an asylum several times. It is a parody of the original story, free for download here: http://philippe.tromeur.free.fr/rene.htm Sadly, this version does not survive in the BBC archives. Commissioner Charles Dreyfus (Herbert Lom). A 1953 adaptation on BBC Television was scripted by Nigel Kneale, directed by Rudolph Cartier and starred Yvonne Mitchell as Cathy. Clouseau constantly causes his bosses pain, and in one case, drives one particular superior insane several times throughout the course of the films. Ralph Fiennes plays Heathcliff. Clouseau is the bumbling detective of the Pink Panther films, with a stereotypical French accent and an incredibly clumsy manner. Juliette Binoche plays two roles, Catherine Earnshaw and her daughter. Inspector Jacques Clouseau (Peter Sellers). A 1992 film adaptation was the first one to show both generations from the story; that is Heathcliff, Cathy, Edgar, and Hindley, as well as their children. As the Inspector continues to screw up, he slowly drives his boss mad. Eventually, Dreyfus starts gunning for him, leading to an (literally) explosive finale. The movie was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Picture. Clouseau always manages to be at the wrong place at the right time, including a scene in a nudist colony. It was directed by William Wyler. As the real culprits attempt to keep everything away from Clouseau's boss Commissioner Dreyfus, they must commit even more murders to cover up. The film was adapted by Charles MacArthur, Ben Hecht and John Huston. As all evidence points to a beautiful maid, a love-struck Clouseau stubbornly refuses to admit that she is guilty. Carroll as Joseph Earnshaw. Inspector Clouseau is called to the country home of a Paris plutocrat to solve a murder mystery. Kenneth, Geraldine Fitzgerald as Isabella Linton and Leo G. The film was released only a few months after the first Clouseau film, The Pink Panther. It stars Merle Oberon as Cathy Linton, Laurence Olivier as Heathcliff, David Niven as Edgar Linton, Flora Robson as Ellen Dean, Donald Crisp as Dr. As Blake Edwards and future The Exorcist creator William Peter Blatty began work on the script, they decided to insert the character of Clouseau into the proceedings. Perhaps the best-known of the film adaptations was released in 1939. The film was not originally written to include Clouseau, but rather to be an adaptation of a stage play by Harry Kurnitz, which in turn was based upon the play L'Idiot by Marcel Achard. Camus juxtaposes the concept of Heathcliff's reaction to Cathy with the reaction of a disenchanted rebel to the ideal he once held. Elke Sommer plays the attractive Maria Gambrelli. Both are driven by a sort of madness: one by misguided love, the other by oppression. The film also introduces Herbert Lom as his boss, Commissioner Dreyfus, and Burt Kwouk as his long-suffering servant, Cato, who would both become series regulars. In Albert Camus' essay The Rebel, Heathcliff is compared to a rebel leader. Clouseau's bumbling personality is unchanged, but it was only in this film that Sellers began to give him the idiosyncratically exaggerated French accent that was to become a hallmark of the character. Instead, Cathy marries a wealthy neighbour, Edgar Linton, and the embittered Heathcliff sets out to ruin the fortunes of her family, which he does over a period of many years. Peter Sellers is featured again as Inspector Jacques Clouseau of the French Surete. The anti-hero is the foundling Heathcliff, who is taken in by the wealthy Earnshaw family as a child, and falls in love with their daughter, Catherine. Catherine is also attached to Heathcliff, but he is not considered good enough to marry her. A Shot in the Dark is a 1964 film directed by Blake Edwards and is the second installment in the Pink Panther series. Subsequent critics revised this view; most would agree that Wuthering Heights's originality and achievement exceeded anything that her sisters Charlotte and Anne had ever attempted. Some contemporaneous critics even believed it to be an earlier, less mature work from Charlotte Brontė, who had also published Jane Eyre that same year under a pseudonym. Wuthering Heights 's innovative structure, which has been likened to a series of Chinese boxes, puzzled critics when the novel first appeared, and reception was lukewarm at best. Nelly Dean, the secondary narrator, recounts scenes of strong emotion, violence, infanticide and sadism in a manner which is not completely dispassionate, but somewhat detached; she is not surprised at the extremes she recounts. This framing device gives distance to the events. It takes the form of the first-person narrative of a minor character, Lockwood, who through conversations is told the tale of the principal protagonists. The setting for the book is Brontė's native Yorkshire moors. A posthumous second edition was edited by her sister Charlotte. Published in 1847, under the pseudonym Ellis Bell, it has become a classic of English literature, and has given rise to many adaptations, including several films, radio and television dramatisations, and a musical, as well as inspiring a hit song by Kate Bush. Wuthering Heights is Emily Brontė's only novel. |