Woody GuthrieWoodrow Wilson Guthrie (July 14, 1912 – October 3, 1967), known almost universally as "Woody", was a folk singer and raconteur who wrote some of America's best-loved songs. He is best known for "This Land is Your Land" (MP3 clip (http://www.lib.virginia.edu/speccol/exhibits/music/audio/mp3/this_land.mp3)) Guthrie was born in Okemah, Oklahoma, in 1912, the year his namesake Woodrow Wilson was elected President. At age 19 he left home for Texas, where he met and married his first wife, Mary Jennings, with whom he had three children. He left Texas (and his family) with the Dust Bowl, following the Okies to California. The poverty he saw on these early trips affected him greatly, and many of his songs are concerned with the inequities faced by America's working men and women. A lifelong socialist and trade unionist, he also contributed a regular article, "Woody Sez," to the Daily Worker. In 1935 or 1937 he achieved fame in California as a radio performer of both traditional folk music and his protest songs. In 1939 or 1940, Guthrie moved to New York City and was embraced by its leftist and folk music community. He also made perhaps his first real recordings: several hours of conversation and songs, recorded by folklorist Alan Lomax for the Library of Congress, as well as an album, Dust Bowl Ballads, for Victor Records in Camden, New Jersey. He began writing his autobiography, Bound for Glory, which was completed and published in 1943. In 1940, Guthrie wrote his most famous song, "This Land is Your Land", which was inspired in part by his experiences during a cross-country trip, and in part by his distaste for the Irving Berlin anthem "God Bless America", which he considered unrealistic and complacent (he was tired of hearing Kate Smith sing it on the radio). In the original version of "This Land is Your Land" Guthrie protested class inequality with the verse,
and protested the institution of private ownership of land with the verse,
In another version, the sign reads "Private Property." These verses were left out of subsequent recordings (even by Guthrie himself), rendering what was a protest song more patriotic. The melody Guthrie used for "This Land is Your Land" is the melody for the old gospel song, "When the World's on Fire". This song is probably best known as recorded by the country/bluegrass legends, The Carter Family around 1930. In May 1941, he was commissioned by the Department of the Interior and its Bonneville Power Authority to write songs about the Columbia River and the building of the federal dams; the best known of these are "Roll On, Columbia" and "Grand Coulee Dam." Around the same time, he met Pete Seeger and joined the legendary Almanac Singers, with whom he toured the country and moved into the cooperative Almanac House in Greenwich Village. Guthrie originally wrote and sang anti-war songs with the Almanac Singers, but eventually he and they, along with the Communist milieu with which they were associated, joined the anti-fascist cause -- Guthrie famously wrote the slogan "This Machine Kills Fascists" on his guitar. He joined the Merchant Marine, where he served with fellow folk singer Cisco Houston, and then the Army. In 1944, Woody met Moses "Moe" Asch of Folkways Records, for whom he first recorded "This Land is Your Land," along with hundreds of others over the next few years. He began courting Marjorie Mazza in 1942 and married her in 1945 while on furlough from the Army. They moved into a house on Mermaid Avenue in Coney Island, and together had four children, including Cathy, who died at age four in a house fire, sending him into serious depression, and Arlo, who became a famous singer-songwriter in his own right. It was during this period that he wrote and recorded Songs to Grow on for Mother and Child, a collection of children's music. By the late 1940s, Guthrie's health was worsening and his behavior becoming extremely erratic. He left his family, traveling with Ramblin' Jack Elliott to California, where he married for a third time and had another child, before eventually returning to New York. He received various diagnoses (including alcoholism and schizophrenia), before he was finally discovered to be suffering from the degenerative nervous disorder Huntington's chorea, which had killed his mother. He was hospitalized until his death on October 3, 1967. By that time his work had been discovered by a new audience, introduced to him in part through Bob Dylan, who visited Guthrie in the last years of his life and described him as "my last hero." In 1964, Phil Ochs's debut album included the song "Bound for Glory", a tribute to Guthrie and a criticism of revisionism and ignorance among modern audiences who preferred to forget some of Guthrie's more controversial (especially socialist) lyrics. In 1998, Woody's daughter Nora approached the British singer Billy Bragg about recording lyrics her father had composed in the later years of his life. After researching the lyrics at the Woody Guthrie Archive in New York City, Bragg worked with the band Wilco to record 40 tracks, a number of which were released on the album Mermaid Avenue, followed by Mermaid Avenue Vol. II. Quotation
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II. He is a patron of County Air Ambulance, based in the East Midlands of England. After researching the lyrics at the Woody Guthrie Archive in New York City, Bragg worked with the band Wilco to record 40 tracks, a number of which were released on the album Mermaid Avenue, followed by Mermaid Avenue Vol. I hope the chapters of my life to follow allow me to continue to keep giving back all the love and respect that I have been given.". In 1998, Woody's daughter Nora approached the British singer Billy Bragg about recording lyrics her father had composed in the later years of his life. "I never knew what was coming next but it's been a wonderful journey. In 1964, Phil Ochs's debut album included the song "Bound for Glory", a tribute to Guthrie and a criticism of revisionism and ignorance among modern audiences who preferred to forget some of Guthrie's more controversial (especially socialist) lyrics. "The last twenty-five years have been an adventure, a story without a script," Humperdinck told fans in his anniversary tourbook. By that time his work had been discovered by a new audience, introduced to him in part through Bob Dylan, who visited Guthrie in the last years of his life and described him as "my last hero.". By the time his 1996 record After Dark hit the stores, Humperdinck had sold 130 million records, including 23 platinum and 64 gold releases, and he showed no signs of decreasing his output. He was hospitalized until his death on October 3, 1967. Like most of Humperdinck's tours, the anniversary was almost completely sold out. He received various diagnoses (including alcoholism and schizophrenia), before he was finally discovered to be suffering from the degenerative nervous disorder Huntington's chorea, which had killed his mother. The tour showcased a career's worth of middle-of-the-road favorites, as well as songs from a special anniversary album recorded with the Royal Philharmonic Orchestra on Polydor Records. He left his family, traveling with Ramblin' Jack Elliott to California, where he married for a third time and had another child, before eventually returning to New York. In 1992, the singer launched a gala world tour to commemorate 25 years of performing as Engelbert Humperdinck. By the late 1940s, Guthrie's health was worsening and his behavior becoming extremely erratic. For one of these, Reach Out, Humperdinck even penned and performed an anthem for the organization's mission, called "Reach Out." As longtime friend Clifford Elson said of Humperdinck, "[h]e's a gentleman in a business that's not full of many gentlemen.". It was during this period that he wrote and recorded Songs to Grow on for Mother and Child, a collection of children's music. In addition to involvement with The Leukemia Research Fund, the American Red Cross, and the American Lung Association, Humperdinck contributed to several AIDS relief organizations. They moved into a house on Mermaid Avenue in Coney Island, and together had four children, including Cathy, who died at age four in a house fire, sending him into serious depression, and Arlo, who became a famous singer-songwriter in his own right. Still, he retained his element of humanism, and began major involvement in charity foundations. He began courting Marjorie Mazza in 1942 and married her in 1945 while on furlough from the Army. He had met the queen of England and several American presidents. In 1944, Woody met Moses "Moe" Asch of Folkways Records, for whom he first recorded "This Land is Your Land," along with hundreds of others over the next few years. In 1989, he was awarded a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame, as well as a Golden Globe Award for Entertainer of the Year. He joined the Merchant Marine, where he served with fellow folk singer Cisco Houston, and then the Army. A truly jet-set family, the Humperdinck/Dorsey clan shuttled between homes in England and Beverly Hills, California, where Humperdinck had purchased the Pink Palace, a lush mansion once owned by film star Jayne Mansfield. Guthrie originally wrote and sang anti-war songs with the Almanac Singers, but eventually he and they, along with the Communist milieu with which they were associated, joined the anti-fascist cause -- Guthrie famously wrote the slogan "This Machine Kills Fascists" on his guitar. Perhaps a mixture of business and pleasure had contributed to this success: Humperdinck's four children are involved in their father's career in some way. In May 1941, he was commissioned by the Department of the Interior and its Bonneville Power Authority to write songs about the Columbia River and the building of the federal dams; the best known of these are "Roll On, Columbia" and "Grand Coulee Dam." Around the same time, he met Pete Seeger and joined the legendary Almanac Singers, with whom he toured the country and moved into the cooperative Almanac House in Greenwich Village. Despite all this, Humperdinck had managed to maintain a solid family life with his wife, Patricia. This song is probably best known as recorded by the country/bluegrass legends, The Carter Family around 1930. By the 1980s, Humperdinck was fast approaching his fifth decade of life, yet he was still producing albums regularly, performing sometimes more than 200 concerts in a year, and he was still a source of attraction for his female fans. The melody Guthrie used for "This Land is Your Land" is the melody for the old gospel song, "When the World's on Fire". Humperdinck's albums began to cover more musical terrain than ballads alone. In another version, the sign reads "Private Property." These verses were left out of subsequent recordings (even by Guthrie himself), rendering what was a protest song more patriotic. Over the years, this arrangement slowly changed, giving Humperdinck full creative freedom. and protested the institution of private ownership of land with the verse,. Perhaps part of the reason behind Humperdinck's critical neglect stemmed from his lack of involvement with the recording of albums, whereas he had so much control over live presentation. Until the late 1980s, Humperdinck had little say in which songs were selected for each album, a fact that might have supported claims that he was little more than a pawn of his label's executives. In the original version of "This Land is Your Land" Guthrie protested class inequality with the verse,. In addition, the album received a nomination for a Grammy Award, the first major nod Humperdinck had received from critical corners. In 1940, Guthrie wrote his most famous song, "This Land is Your Land", which was inspired in part by his experiences during a cross-country trip, and in part by his distaste for the Irving Berlin anthem "God Bless America", which he considered unrealistic and complacent (he was tired of hearing Kate Smith sing it on the radio). For one thing, it was the first record Humperdinck made for the Epic label, after almost a decade with Parrot. He began writing his autobiography, Bound for Glory, which was completed and published in 1943. The release of the album After the Lovin' in 1976 was a relative watermark in Humperdinck's career. He also made perhaps his first real recordings: several hours of conversation and songs, recorded by folklorist Alan Lomax for the Library of Congress, as well as an album, Dust Bowl Ballads, for Victor Records in Camden, New Jersey. "I call them the spark plugs of my success.". In 1939 or 1940, Guthrie moved to New York City and was embraced by its leftist and folk music community. "They are very loyal to me and very militant as far as my reputation is concerned," Humperdinck said of his devotees to Sherwood. In 1935 or 1937 he achieved fame in California as a radio performer of both traditional folk music and his protest songs. By the next decade, the fan mania had grown to giant proportions, reportedly the largest such club in the world, with chapters including "Our World is Engelbert," "Engelbert...We Believe in You," and "Love is All for Enge." While an occasional fan ventured into the realm of obsession-several fanatics claimed to have been pregnant with the singer's offspring-Humperdinck's following of a reported eight million members guaranteed record sales with limited radio air play. A lifelong socialist and trade unionist, he also contributed a regular article, "Woody Sez," to the Daily Worker. By the late 1960s, Engelbert Humperdinck fan clubs had begun to sprout, first in England, later around the globe. The poverty he saw on these early trips affected him greatly, and many of his songs are concerned with the inequities faced by America's working men and women. "I take the job description of 'entertainer' very seriously! I try to bring a sparkle that people don't expect and I get the biggest kick from hearing someone say 'I had no idea you could do that!'". At age 19 he left home for Texas, where he met and married his first wife, Mary Jennings, with whom he had three children. He left Texas (and his family) with the Dust Bowl, following the Okies to California. "I don't like to give people what they have already seen," Humperdinck was quoted as saying in a 1992 tourbook. Guthrie was born in Okemah, Oklahoma, in 1912, the year his namesake Woodrow Wilson was elected President. Subsequently, Humperdinck's live performances became more crucial in reaching his fans, and the singer responded by producing lavish, energetic extravaganzas that set the standards for Las Vegas-style glamour. He is best known for "This Land is Your Land" (MP3 clip (http://www.lib.virginia.edu/speccol/exhibits/music/audio/mp3/this_land.mp3)). While the mood of Top 40 radio quickly changed, Humperdinck's music, more akin to Broadway show tunes than post-Beatles rock, did not. Woodrow Wilson Guthrie (July 14, 1912 – October 3, 1967), known almost universally as "Woody", was a folk singer and raconteur who wrote some of America's best-loved songs. Throughout the rest of the 1960s and into the 1970s, Humperdinck continued to produce million-selling albums of love songs on the Parrot label, and developed increasingly more extravagant stage shows, sometimes over one hundred per year. What I am is a contemporary singer, a stylized performer.". No crooner has the range I have-I can hit notes a bank couldn't cash. As Humperdinck told the Hollywood Reporter's Rick Sherwood, "if you are not a crooner it's something you don't want to be called. On these grounds, coupled with the fact that most of Humperdinck's recordings are love songs, some critics immediately dismissed the singer as a mere "crooner." While Humperdinck cannot be said to have made significant musical innovations, the freshness, energy, and range of Humperdinck's delivery set him apart from other show business Romeos. Almost immediately, Humperdinck began to amass legions of devoted fans, many of them female. At its peak, the "Release Me" single sold an unprecedented 85,000 copies daily, but moreover, the slow, powerful ballad became Humperdinck's signature tune, and a staple among adult vocals fans. music charts as well. The song quickly hit the number one slot on the British music charts, and this success reflected on the U.S. Humperdinck performed "Release Me," a single that had just been released on Parrot Records, and the result was almost instant stardom for the singer. In 1967, in a turn of events seemingly taken from a musical or film melodrama, Humperdinck was contacted to be a last minute replacement on the popular variety show Saturday Night at the London Palladium when its scheduled star, Dickie Valentine, fell ill. With a new image of charm and an association with high culture, Humperdinck was soon to take off. It was then that Humperdinck dropped the name Gerry Dorsey to step into the name of a 19th century German opera composer. Rather than marketing his protege as a teen pin-up, Mills opted to focus upon Humperdinck's "gentlemanly" personality. Mills, who later helped Welsh singer Tom Jones achieve fame, became Humperdinck's mentor, creating the suave image that the singer retained throughout his career. The singer continued along the British club circuit with only moderate recognition until he was adopted by manager Gordon Mills. The sporadic Gerry Dorsey records made for Decca would only be a footnote in Humperdinck's career. A year later, Humperdinck released his first single, "Crazy Bells," under the name Gerry Dorsey. Impressed by the vocal precision of a singer lacking formal training, the agent managed to cut a deal with Decca Records. His first break came in 1958, when he was tapped by a talent agent who had seen Humperdinck perform in a local talent contest. Upon his return to England, Humperdinck soon found himself singing publicly for the first time. Although amateur attempts at singing soon followed, Humperdinck did not commit himself to music until after he had served two years in the British armed forces, stationed in Germany during the mid-1950s. Growing up with ten brothers and sisters in a working-class family, Engelbert became interested in music at age 11, when he took up playing the saxophone. Humperdinck has sold an average of five million records a year since the mid-1960s and has established himself as one of the world's premiere live performers in a number of sold-out tours. He was raised in Leicester, and adopted the stage name Engelbert Humperdinck, after the German composer of the same name. Engelbert Humperdinck, born May 2, 1936 in Madras, India as Arnold George Dorsey, is a well-known pop singer. http://www.engelbert.com/. Engelbert Humperdinck (composer), 1854-1921. After the Lovin'. The Last Waltz. Release Me. Am I That Easy to Forget?. |