Toyota Motor Corporation

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"Toyota" redirects here. For other uses, see Toyota (disambiguation).

Toyota Motor Corporation (TMC) (In Japanese: トヨタ自動車株式会社; Toyota Jidōsha Kabushikigaisha) (TYO: 7203.T), NYSE: TM, LSE: TYT, is an automobile manufacturer in Japan, based in Toyota, Aichi, provides financial services, and participates in other lines of business. It manufactures vehicles under the brand names Toyota, Hino, Scion and Lexus, and owns a majority stake in Daihatsu. The company's Toyota automobiles are well regarded for their longevity and reliability.

History

Origins in Toyoda Automatic Loom —1936

Replica of the Toyota Model AA, the first production model of Toyota in 1936

The story of Toyota Motor Corporation began in September 1933 when Toyoda Automatic Loom created a new division devoted to the production of automobiles. Quickly thereafter, the division produced its first Type A Engine in 1934, which in turn was used for the production of the first Model A1 passenger car in May 1935 and the G1 truck in August 1935. Production of the model AA passenger car started in 1936.

Although the Toyota Group is most well known today for its cars, it is still in the textile business and still makes automatic looms (fully computerized, of course), and electric sewing machines which are available worldwide.

Establishment of Toyota Motor Co. and WWII 1936–1946

Toyota Motor Co. was established as an independent company in 1937. Although the founding family name is Toyoda (豊田), the company name was changed to:

  • Signify the separation of the founders' work life from home life;
  • Simplify the pronunciation, and
  • Give the company an auspicious beginning. Toyota (トヨタ) is considered luckier than Toyoda (豊田) in Japan, where eight is regarded as a lucky number, and eight is the number of strokes it takes to write Toyota in Katakana.

During the Pacific War the company was dedicated to truck production for the Imperial Army. Because of severe shortages in Japan, military trucks were kept as simple as possible. For example, the trucks had only one headlight on the center of the hood.

Fortunately for Toyota, the war ended shortly before a scheduled allied bombing run on the Toyota factories in Aichi.

Start of Commercial Production 1947-

Commercial passenger car production started in 1947 with the model SA. In 1950 a separate sales company Toyota Motor Sales Co. was established (which lasted until July 1982). In April 1956 the Toyopet dealer chain was established.

Today Toyota is one of the top car manufacturers with large market shares in both the US and Europe. It has a small car division, selling under the Daihatsu brand as well as a heavy vehicle division, selling under the Hino brand.

Toyota's vehicles are generally highly regarded for their quality, proficient engineering, and value; their designs now set world-wide standards for safety, reliability and ease of maintenance.

Toyota offers one of the largest ranges of vehicles of any manufacturer and amongst its more predictable high-volume models produces a number of exciting sports cars: the Celica, the MR2, and the Supra, the latter which was discontinued in 1998 for export and in 2002 in Japan altogether.

Performance

Toyota is Japan's biggest car company and the second largest in the world after the giant General Motors. It is estimated to produce about 8 million vehicles this year, not much smaller anymore than the 9 million produced by GM. The company dominates its home market, with about 45 % of all new cars registered in 2004 being Toyotas, Nissan being a distant second. It has similar market shares in several fast-growing south-east Asian countries[1].

The company is immensely profitable, and its massive cash reserves dwarf those of many countries.

Worldwide Presence

The headquarter of Toyota in Toyota City, Japan

Toyota has factories all over the world, manufacturing or assembling vehicles for local markets, including its most popular model, the Corolla. Toyota has manufacturing or assembly plants in the United States, Australia, Canada, Indonesia, Poland, South Africa, Turkey, the United Kingdom, France, Brazil, and more recently India and Argentina. Toyota New Zealand assembled vehicles until 1998, when it switched to importing cars from Japan and Australia. Cars from these plants are often exported to other countries. For example, the South African-built Toyota Corolla is exported to Australia, while the Australian-built Camry is exported (in left hand drive) to countries in the Middle East. Between 1997 and 2000, the number one selling car in the U.S. was the Toyota Camry. It was dethroned in 2001 by the Honda Accord, only to regain its place in 2002, with the introduction of a redesigned model.

Toyota India is one of the largest subsidiaries of Toyota. They currently produce three cars, including the Camry, Corolla, and the Sequoia (which is different from the Toyota Sequoia in the United States and is similar to the Land Cruiser Prado, which is found in other countries). Toyota also produces a range of SUVs. Indeed, one of its first export markets was exporting its Landcruiser model to Australia in the late 1950s.

Toyota also contributes a great amount of research to cleaner-burning vehicles (See: Toyota Prius and Hybrid Synergy Drive). In 2002, Toyota successfully road-tested a new version of the RAV4 which ran on a Hydrogen Fuel Cell. Scientific American made the company its Business Leader of the Year in 2003 for commercializing an affordable hybrid car. In 2004, Toyota showed that it had made its Kluger/Highlander into the world's first mass-market seven-passenger hybrid SUV.

To gain a higher share in the U.S. domestic luxury car market, Toyota introduced a separate brand called Lexus in 1989, following Honda's (with its Acura division) example. The brand was introduced with two models: the ES 250, based on Toyota Camry, and the LS 400, which was released simultaneously as the Toyota Celsior in Japan. Since then, the lineup has been expanded with other models based on Japanese Toyotas, and the marque has been successful, receiving many industry awards. Now that it has become the number one selling luxury car brand in the U.S., Toyota is introducing it to Japan in 2005, thus completing a cycle of sorts.

In 2003, Toyota brought two of their popular cars from Japan (including the bB) to America, and created a new badge, called Scion, meaning a descendant or heir. These cars are targeted towards the young, and young-at-heart. Both models, the xA (known in Japan as the Toyota ist) and xB (known in Japan as the Toyota bB) are powered by a 1.5L DOHC I4 engine taken right out of the Toyota Echo, a new incarnation of the Toyota Starlet. A third model, the Scion tC, was introduced in 2004. Instead of importing an existing model from Japan as was done with the xA and xB, the tC was designed specifically for the North American market, using a platform shared with the Avensis, a Toyota model not sold in North America.

Toyota has also been successful in racing, especially in Rally with the Toyota Celica as well as the Toyota Corolla. In 2002 Toyota started racing in Formula One with the Toyota Team Europe (TTE) and is based in Cologne (Germany).

Toyota is also famous in industry for its manufacturing philosophy, called the Toyota Production System. This system is copied worldwide by many manufacturing companies.

Toyota also uses odd power window switches which have become known as "Chinese windows"

Formula One team

Main Article: Toyota F1

Toyota has participated in the Formula One World Championship since 2002. Despite investing huge amounts of money into the project, the team's performances have so far been mediocre. In 2004, top designer Mike Gascoyne was hired. It was expected that this would lead to an upturn in the teams fortunes, and although there was little improvement in 2004 itself, in 2005 the team made the jump from running in the midfield to challenging for the top positions. Jarno Trulli achieved two second places and one third place in the first five races of the season, helping the team to retain second position in the Constructors Championship for several races. Jarno Trulli and Ralf Schumacher are the team's current drivers.

Shareholders

Publically traded on the Tokyo Stock Exchange under number 7203 (first section). Also on NYSE under TM.

Holdings

Toyota reports on its consolidated financial statements 540 consolidated subsidiaries and 226 affiliates.

  • Toyota Motor North America, Inc. (100% - 2004)
  • Hino Motors, Ltd.
  • Aisin Seiki Co., Ltd.

Non-automotive activities

Finance

Toyota Financial Services Corporation provides financing to Toyota customers.

Construction

Namesakes

Toyota is also a city in Aichi, Japan, named after the corporation. The basketball and hockey arena in Houston, Texas, the Toyota Center, is also named after the company. A football (soccer) stadium in Prague, Czech Republic, the Toyota Arena, also bears the company's name.


This page about Toyota includes information from a Wikipedia article.
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A football (soccer) stadium in Prague, Czech Republic, the Toyota Arena, also bears the company's name. IT insiders foresee the case to be a landmark ruling in what is a fiercely competitive market. The basketball and hockey arena in Houston, Texas, the Toyota Center, is also named after the company. Whilst proving that Intel holds a monopoly is simple (the company is reckoned to have an 80-90% share of the processor market) the debate over the 'scare and coercion' tactics supposedly employed by Intel is likely to be more protracted. Toyota is also a city in Aichi, Japan, named after the corporation. Amongst other accusations AMD alleged that Intel was unlawfully maintaining its monopoly through unfair business practices, such as drastically lower pricing for customers on the condition that Intel microprocessors were used exclusively in their systems. Toyota Financial Services Corporation provides financing to Toyota customers. In June of 2005 AMD, Intel's chief rival in the x86 microprocessor market, filed an antitrust claim against Intel and its Japanese subsidiary in a Delaware court.

Toyota reports on its consolidated financial statements 540 consolidated subsidiaries and 226 affiliates. the Green Line) and therefore is not considered disputed territory. Also on NYSE under TM. In fact, the city of Kiryat Gat (where the plant is located) lies well within the pre-1967 borders of Israel (a.k.a. Publically traded on the Tokyo Stock Exchange under number 7203 (first section). Intel's massive manufacturing plant in Israel was built, with the help of heavy subsidies from Israel, on lands that Palestinians claim were confiscated from them. Jarno Trulli and Ralf Schumacher are the team's current drivers. As well, Intel is accused by Palestinians of collusion with Israel in supporting them in holding on to land confiscated illegally from the Palestinians.

Jarno Trulli achieved two second places and one third place in the first five races of the season, helping the team to retain second position in the Constructors Championship for several races. In contrast with other hi-tech companies such as Microsoft, Intel does not allow discounted purchases of any kind by staff. It was expected that this would lead to an upturn in the teams fortunes, and although there was little improvement in 2004 itself, in 2005 the team made the jump from running in the midfield to challenging for the top positions. However, Intel's working practices still face criticism,the company is notorious for paying extremly low wages and workplace bullying is common. In 2004, top designer Mike Gascoyne was hired. In addition, the company was named one of the 100 Best Companies for Working Mothers in 2004 by Working Mothers magazine. Despite investing huge amounts of money into the project, the team's performances have so far been mediocre. They have maintained this rating in 2003 and 2004.

Toyota has participated in the Formula One World Championship since 2002. Intel received a 100% rating on the first Corporate Equality Index released by the Human Rights Campaign in 2002. Main Article: Toyota F1. Its market capitalisation is about $154 billion (March 2005). Toyota also uses odd power window switches which have become known as "Chinese windows". However, Intel was already trademarked by a hotel chain so they had to buy the rights for that name at the beginning. This system is copied worldwide by many manufacturing companies. They then used the name NM Electronics for almost a year, before deciding to call their company INTegrated ELectronics or "Intel" for short.

Toyota is also famous in industry for its manufacturing philosophy, called the Toyota Production System. But the name didn't sound good in electronics—noise being associated with bad interference. In 2002 Toyota started racing in Formula One with the Toyota Team Europe (TTE) and is based in Cologne (Germany). At its founding, Gordon Moore and Robert Noyce wanted to name their new company 'Moore Noyce'. Toyota has also been successful in racing, especially in Rally with the Toyota Celica as well as the Toyota Corolla. Grove stepped down as Chairman, but will be retained as a special advisor. Instead of importing an existing model from Japan as was done with the xA and xB, the tC was designed specifically for the North American market, using a platform shared with the Avensis, a Toyota model not sold in North America. The board of directors elected Otellini, and Barrett replaced Grove as chairman of the board.

A third model, the Scion tC, was introduced in 2004. The changes were made effective May 18, 2005. Both models, the xA (known in Japan as the Toyota ist) and xB (known in Japan as the Toyota bB) are powered by a 1.5L DOHC I4 engine taken right out of the Toyota Echo, a new incarnation of the Toyota Starlet. Barrett, in turn, will retire in 2005 and hand the reigns of the company over to Paul Otellini, who is also already the company president and was responsible for Intel's design win in the original IBM PC. These cars are targeted towards the young, and young-at-heart. In 1997 Grove succeeded Moore as Chairman and Craig Barrett, already company president, took over. In 2003, Toyota brought two of their popular cars from Japan (including the bB) to America, and created a new badge, called Scion, meaning a descendant or heir. Andy Grove became the company's President in 1979 to which he added the CEO title in 1987 when Moore became Chairman.

Now that it has become the number one selling luxury car brand in the U.S., Toyota is introducing it to Japan in 2005, thus completing a cycle of sorts. Robert Noyce was Intel's CEO at its founding in 1969, followed by co-founder Gordon Moore in 1975. Since then, the lineup has been expanded with other models based on Japanese Toyotas, and the marque has been successful, receiving many industry awards. Legal experts predict the lawsuit will most likely drag out for a number of years since Intel's response indicates they are not likely to try and settle with AMD. The brand was introduced with two models: the ES 250, based on Toyota Camry, and the LS 400, which was released simultaneously as the Toyota Celsior in Japan. In its rebuttal, Intel layed out the skeleton of its legal defense which included a deconstruction of AMD's offensive strategy and levied the charge that AMD's long struggling market position is largely a result of bad business decisions and management incompetence including underinvestment in essential manufacturing capacity and over-reliance on outsourcing chip foundries.[2]. domestic luxury car market, Toyota introduced a separate brand called Lexus in 1989, following Honda's (with its Acura division) example. Intel filed its response[1] in September to AMD's lawsuit and refuted AMD's claims, stating that its business practices are fair and lawful.

To gain a higher share in the U.S. The case in Japan led to "dawn raids" by the European Commission on some European Intel offices in July 2005. In 2004, Toyota showed that it had made its Kluger/Highlander into the world's first mass-market seven-passenger hybrid SUV. The Japanese Fair Trade Commission found in favour of AMD; the other case will be heard by a court in Delaware. Scientific American made the company its Business Leader of the Year in 2003 for commercializing an affordable hybrid car. In June 2005, AMD sued Intel in two jurisdictions for anti-competitive practices. In 2002, Toyota successfully road-tested a new version of the RAV4 which ran on a Hydrogen Fuel Cell. Some smaller competitors such as Transmeta produce low-power processors for portable equipment.

Toyota also contributes a great amount of research to cleaner-burning vehicles (See: Toyota Prius and Hybrid Synergy Drive). Currently, the only major competitor to Intel on the x86 processor market is Advanced Micro Devices (AMD), with which Intel has had full cross-licensing agreements since 1976: each partner can use the other's patented technological innovations without charge. Indeed, one of its first export markets was exporting its Landcruiser model to Australia in the late 1950s. Intel's market dominance (at one time it controlled over 85% of the market for 32-bit PC microprocessors), combined with Intel's own hardball legal tactics (such as its infamous 338 patent suit versus PC manufacturers) made it an attractive target for litigation, but few of the lawsuits ever amounted to anything. Toyota also produces a range of SUVs. Intel's dominance in the x86 microprocessor market led to numerous charges of antitrust violations over the years, including FTC investigations in both the late 1980s and in 1999, and civil actions such as the 1997 suit by Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC) and a patent suit by Intergraph. They currently produce three cars, including the Camry, Corolla, and the Sequoia (which is different from the Toyota Sequoia in the United States and is similar to the Land Cruiser Prado, which is found in other countries). The switchover to Intel will begin in mid 2006, reportedly appearing first in Apple's low-end machines and portables.

Toyota India is one of the largest subsidiaries of Toyota. In particular, the large power requirement of the G5 chips was seen as a major stumbling block, preventing the placement of such a chip in one of Apple's laptop computers, the PowerBook and iBook. It was dethroned in 2001 by the Honda Accord, only to regain its place in 2002, with the introduction of a redesigned model. Also, it was implied that the future PowerPC roadmap was unable to satisfy Apple's needs in terms of computing power. was the Toyota Camry. Reasons stated for the change were vague, but included thermal issues, as recent G5-class PowerPC chips are well-known for running hot. Between 1997 and 2000, the number one selling car in the U.S. On June 6, 2005, Apple Computer CEO Steve Jobs announced in his keynote address at WWDC that Apple would be switching from its long-favored PowerPC Architecture to Intel CPUs.

For example, the South African-built Toyota Corolla is exported to Australia, while the Australian-built Camry is exported (in left hand drive) to countries in the Middle East. The competition between Intel and Microsoft was revealed in testimony at the Microsoft anti-trust trial. Cars from these plants are often exported to other countries. IAL's software efforts met with a more mixed fate; its video and graphics software was important in the development of software digital video, but later its efforts were largely overshadowed by competition from Microsoft. Toyota New Zealand assembled vehicles until 1998, when it switched to importing cars from Japan and Australia. During the 1990s, Intel's Intel Architecture Labs (IAL) was responsible for many of the hardware innovations of the personal computer, including the PCI Bus, the PCI Express (PCIe) bus, the Universal Serial Bus (USB), and the now-dominant architecture for multi-processor servers. Toyota has manufacturing or assembly plants in the United States, Australia, Canada, Indonesia, Poland, South Africa, Turkey, the United Kingdom, France, Brazil, and more recently India and Argentina. When the PC industry exploded in the late 1980s and 1990s, Intel was the primary beneficiary.

Toyota has factories all over the world, manufacturing or assembling vehicles for local markets, including its most popular model, the Corolla. Until then, manufacture of complex integrated circuits was not reliable enough for customers to depend on a single supplier, but Grove began producing processors in three geographically-distinct factories, and ceased licensing the chip designs to competitors such as Zilog and AMD. The company is immensely profitable, and its massive cash reserves dwarf those of many countries. A key element of his plan was the notion, then considered radical, of becoming the single-source for successors to the popular 8086 microprocessor. It has similar market shares in several fast-growing south-east Asian countries[1]. Grove described this transition in the book Only the Paranoid Survive. The company dominates its home market, with about 45 % of all new cars registered in 2004 being Toyotas, Nissan being a distant second. In 1983, at the dawn of the personal computer era, Intel's profits came under increased pressure from Japanese memory-chip manufacturers, and then-President Andy Grove drove the company into a focus on microprocessors.

It is estimated to produce about 8 million vehicles this year, not much smaller anymore than the 9 million produced by GM. (Note: Intel is usually given credit with Texas Instruments for the almost-simultaneous invention of the microprocessor). Toyota is Japan's biggest car company and the second largest in the world after the giant General Motors. Originally developed for the Japanese company Busicom to replace a number of ASIC's in a calculator already produced by Busicom, the Intel 4004 was introduced to the mass market on November 15, 1971, though the microprocessor did not become the core of Intel's business until the mid-1980s. Toyota offers one of the largest ranges of vehicles of any manufacturer and amongst its more predictable high-volume models produces a number of exciting sports cars: the Celica, the MR2, and the Supra, the latter which was discontinued in 1998 for export and in 2002 in Japan altogether. Concurrently, Intel engineers Marcian Hoff, Federico Faggin, Stanley Mazor and Masatoshi Shima invented the first microprocessor. Toyota's vehicles are generally highly regarded for their quality, proficient engineering, and value; their designs now set world-wide standards for safety, reliability and ease of maintenance. The company's first products were random-access memory integrated circuits, and Intel grew to be a leader in the fiercely competitive DRAM, SRAM, and ROM markets throughout the 1970s.

It has a small car division, selling under the Daihatsu brand as well as a heavy vehicle division, selling under the Hino brand. Intel by the end of the 1990s was one of the largest and most successful businesses in the world, though fierce competition within the semiconductor industry has since diminished its position somewhat. Today Toyota is one of the top car manufacturers with large market shares in both the US and Europe. It is Grove who is now remembered as the company's key leader. In April 1956 the Toyopet dealer chain was established. Intel's employee number four was Andy Grove (a chemical engineer), who ran the company through much of the 1980s and the high-growth 1990s. was established (which lasted until July 1982). It is noteworthy that Intel competitor AMD was also founded by Fairchild defectors, in 1969.

In 1950 a separate sales company Toyota Motor Sales Co. Moore (a chemist and physicist) and Robert Noyce (a physicist and co-inventor of the integrated circuit) when they left Fairchild Semiconductor. Commercial passenger car production started in 1947 with the model SA. Intel was founded in 1968 by Gordon E. Fortunately for Toyota, the war ended shortly before a scheduled allied bombing run on the Toyota factories in Aichi. . For example, the trucks had only one headlight on the center of the hood. Intel has advanced research projects in all aspects of semiconductor manufacturing, including MEMS.

Because of severe shortages in Japan, military trucks were kept as simple as possible. Intel also makes networking cards, motherboard chipsets, components, and other devices. During the Pacific War the company was dedicated to truck production for the Imperial Army. Intel Corporation (NASDAQ: INTC) (founded 1968) is a U.S.-based multinational corporation that is best known for designing and manufacturing microprocessors and specialized integrated circuits. Although the founding family name is Toyoda (豊田), the company name was changed to:. GSTI Software Index. was established as an independent company in 1937. SOX (PHLX Semiconductor Sector).

Toyota Motor Co. Nasdaq 100. Although the Toyota Group is most well known today for its cars, it is still in the textile business and still makes automatic looms (fully computerized, of course), and electric sewing machines which are available worldwide. S&P 500. Production of the model AA passenger car started in 1936. Dow Industrials. Quickly thereafter, the division produced its first Type A Engine in 1934, which in turn was used for the production of the first Model A1 passenger car in May 1935 and the G1 truck in August 1935. Intel is publicly traded at NASDAQ with the symbol INTC.

The story of Toyota Motor Corporation began in September 1933 when Toyoda Automatic Loom created a new division devoted to the production of automobiles. . The company's Toyota automobiles are well regarded for their longevity and reliability. It manufactures vehicles under the brand names Toyota, Hino, Scion and Lexus, and owns a majority stake in Daihatsu.

Toyota Motor Corporation (TMC) (In Japanese: トヨタ自動車株式会社; Toyota Jidōsha Kabushikigaisha) (TYO: 7203.T), NYSE: TM, LSE: TYT, is an automobile manufacturer in Japan, based in Toyota, Aichi, provides financial services, and participates in other lines of business. Aisin Seiki Co., Ltd. Hino Motors, Ltd. (100% - 2004).

Toyota Motor North America, Inc. Toyota (トヨタ) is considered luckier than Toyoda (豊田) in Japan, where eight is regarded as a lucky number, and eight is the number of strokes it takes to write Toyota in Katakana. Give the company an auspicious beginning. Simplify the pronunciation, and.

Signify the separation of the founders' work life from home life;.