The Exorcist

The Exorcist is an influential and successful 1973 horror film, adapted by William Peter Blatty from his 1971 novel of the same name.

Directed by William Friedkin and starring Max von Sydow as Father Lankaster Merrin, Ellen Burstyn as Chris MacNeil, Jason Miller as Father Damien Karras, Lee J. Cobb as Lieutenant William Kinderman and Linda Blair as Regan MacNeil. Regan's voice was dubbed by Mercedes McCambridge when possessed.

Blatty based his novel on a supposedly genuine exorcism from 1949, in Cottage City, Maryland. [1] (http://www.strangemag.com/exorcistpage1.html) Several area newspapers reported on a speech a minister gave to an amateur parapsychology society, in which he claimed to have exorcised a demon from a thirteen-year-old boy named Robbie, and that the ordeal lasted a little more than six weeks.

Plot

Spoiler warning: Plot or ending details follow.

In the film, a young girl named Regan, living in Georgetown, Washington, D.C., with her mother, (a famous actress) becomes ill after playing with a Ouija board. She undergoes a series of physical and psychological changes.

After unsuccessful medical help, Regan's mother turns to religion. The girl is examined by a priest, Father Damien Karras, who is convinced of the diabolical nature of the case. He turns to the local bishop, who appoints a second priest, Father Merrin, to perform an exorcism. The lengthy exorcism tests the priests, both physically and spiritually.

The Exorcist contained a number of disturbing special effects, engineered by makeup legend and pioneer Dick Smith. The effects were so graphic that Roger Ebert writes "That it received an R rating and not the X is stupefying."[2] (http://rogerebert.suntimes.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/19731226/REVIEWS/301010310/1023)

The Exorcist was also accused of, among many other things, manipulation of its audience through the use of subliminal imagery; a claim that is verifiably false upon a viewing of the film. The imagery in question is readily apparent and easily recognizable as a simple, yet effective editing technique, designed to make the viewer ill at ease - the desired effect for a horror film, after all.

The film originally contained several key sequences from the novel, which were cut prior to release by director Friedkin, despite Blatty's protests. These scenes were later restored and--along with a number of new digital effects--inserted into the re-release subtitled "the version you've never seen" in 2000.

Response

The film was a huge international hit, grossing as of 2004 $402,500,000 worldwide. It was nominated for ten Academy Awards (winning two), and also won four Golden Globes. McCambride's role was originally uncredited; after Blair was nominated for her role, McCambridge initiated a lawsuit seeking redress. (Incidentally, McCambridge's voice was not processed or treated for The Exorcist, she had worked extensively in radio drama and had a flexible vocal range.)

The Exorcist is commonly regarded as one of the best and most effective horror films; one that balances a stellar script, gruesome effects, and outstanding performances.

Interestingly, the part of Regan was originally offered to troubled actress Dana Plato, whose mother refused to allow her to take it.

In the United Kingdom, the movie was included in the 'Video nasty' phenomenon of the early 1980s. Although it had been released uncut for home video in 1981, when resubmitted for classification to the British Board of Film Classification after the implementation of the Video Recording Act 1984 it was refused a release and no video copies were to be sold in the UK. However, following a successful re-release in cinemas in 1998, the film was resubmitted and was passed uncut with an 18 certificate rating in 1999, signifying a relaxation of the censorship rules with relation to home video in the UK.

Sequels

John Boorman's poorly-received Exorcist II: The Heretic was released in 1977.

1990's more successful The Exorcist III, written and directed by Blatty himself from his own 1983 novel Legion, the true sequel to the original novel. Exorcist III ignored the events of the previous sequel and presented a satisfying conclusion to the story after 15 years.

A parody entitled Repossessed was released the same year, with Blair lampooning the role that made her (in)famous.

A prequel, Exorcist: The Beginning (2004) attracted controversy even before its release. John Frankenheimer was originally scheduled to direct the script by William Wisher and Caleb Carr. Frankenheimer died during the film's early casting.

Paul Schrader was hired to replace Frankenheimer. He filmed a version called The Exorcist: Dominion, staring Stellan Skarsgard as a younger Father Merrin. Morgan Creek Productions disliked Schrader's rough final edit of the film. Roger Ebert writes that the company thought Schrader's version was "too complex and intelligent, although those of course were not the words they used, and not scary enough." Ebert adds, "it seems scary to me ... (it) is not a conventional horror film, but does something risky and daring: It takes evil seriously."[3] (http://rogerebert.suntimes.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20050501/REVIEWS/50412001/1023)

Renny Harlin was then hired to direct. He brought on a new cast, keeping only Skarsgard, and Alexi Hawley rewrote the script to make it more conventionally scary. The New York Times quotes Skarsgard as saying that the updated script "wasn't really a script ... but just a bunch of ideas about how to make the film scarier, basically by throwing in unmotivated scares in every second scene. I didn't like it and I didn't want to do it. But then Renny Harlin came on, who I've worked with before ... who is a friend."[4] (http://www.nytimes.com/2005/05/02/movies/02exor.html)

Harlin's version was not widely screened for critics (and was generally panned by those critics who did see it). Blatty was quoted in the New York Times, saying his screening of Harlin's version "was surely the most humiliating professional experience of my life, particularly the finale. I don't blame Renny Harlin, for he gave Morgan Creek, I promise you, precisely what Morgan Creek demanded: not shocking obscenity, but shocking vulgarity."

Harlin's version did disappointing business, grossing about $40Million (the budget was about $30Million for Schrader's unreleased version, and another $50 for Harlin's).

Schrader's version will be issued on the same DVD with Harlin's version of the film, and will see limited theatrical release beginning May, 10, 2005.

Curse Rumors

There have been rumors that the various Exorcist films were cursed.[5] (http://www.lsj.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20040819/THINGS010701/408190318/1055/news). Blatty, Schrader and von Sydow have discounted such tales as nonsense, used primarily for promotion.


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There have been rumors that the various Exorcist films were cursed.[5] (http://www.lsj.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20040819/THINGS010701/408190318/1055/news). Blatty, Schrader and von Sydow have discounted such tales as nonsense, used primarily for promotion. Apart from that, he uses a mobile phone to make the decisive call. Schrader's version will be issued on the same DVD with Harlin's version of the film, and will see limited theatrical release beginning May, 10, 2005. In other words, the husband (Douglas) hires his wife's lover to kill her. Harlin's version did disappointing business, grossing about $40Million (the budget was about $30Million for Schrader's unreleased version, and another $50 for Harlin's). A Perfect Murder (US; Andrew Davis, 1998) is a remake starring Michael Douglas and Gwyneth Paltrow in which the characters of Halliday and Lesgate are combined. I don't blame Renny Harlin, for he gave Morgan Creek, I promise you, precisely what Morgan Creek demanded: not shocking obscenity, but shocking vulgarity.". There is also some police inspector around, and the setting is also very British.

Blatty was quoted in the New York Times, saying his screening of Harlin's version "was surely the most humiliating professional experience of my life, particularly the finale. In the end, the baddie turns out to be her own husband (Harrison), too. Harlin's version was not widely screened for critics (and was generally panned by those critics who did see it). In Midnight Lace, another thriller, a woman (Day) receives harassing telephone calls that escalate until she is in physical danger. who is a friend."[4] (http://www.nytimes.com/2005/05/02/movies/02exor.html). Dial M for Murder must not be confused with a film with a similar setting and subject-matter, Midnight Lace (US; David Miller, 1960), starring Rex Harrison and Doris Day. But then Renny Harlin came on, who I've worked with before .. We can see Hitchcock in a black-and-white reunion photograph sitting at a banquet table among former students and faculty.

I didn't like it and I didn't want to do it. The angle of the camera is also of interest (several times shot from the ceiling, a sort of bird's eye view). but just a bunch of ideas about how to make the film scarier, basically by throwing in unmotivated scares in every second scene. Most of the action is restricted to a single set. The New York Times quotes Skarsgard as saying that the updated script "wasn't really a script .. Apart from a few short outdoor shots—Tony Wendice approaching and leaving his flat etc.—the claustrophobic atmosphere of other Hitchcock films (Rope, Rear Window) can also be found here. He brought on a new cast, keeping only Skarsgard, and Alexi Hawley rewrote the script to make it more conventionally scary. Tony's wife being sentenced to death is altogether missing from the stage play; it is only reported.

Renny Harlin was then hired to direct. This part of the film is done in a highly stylized way: The camera is on Sheila/Margot, there are no props (only colours), and the various people present at a trial are only introduced by means of voice-over. Roger Ebert writes that the company thought Schrader's version was "too complex and intelligent, although those of course were not the words they used, and not scary enough." Ebert adds, "it seems scary to me ... (it) is not a conventional horror film, but does something risky and daring: It takes evil seriously."[3] (http://rogerebert.suntimes.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20050501/REVIEWS/50412001/1023). There is no real courtroom scene. Morgan Creek Productions disliked Schrader's rough final edit of the film. This is a miniature race against time full of dramatic music, complete with a cut to the automatic telephone exchange. He filmed a version called The Exorcist: Dominion, staring Stellan Skarsgard as a younger Father Merrin. It is already past eleven when he notices that it has stopped: He gets up from the table, hurries to the phone booth, has to wait there and eventually calls his flat well after 11 o'clock, at the very moment Lesgate is about to leave it again, believing that he has waited in vain.

Paul Schrader was hired to replace Frankenheimer. One of the finest scenes is when we see Tony Wendice at the stag party, slightly nervous and frequently looking at his watch. John Frankenheimer was originally scheduled to direct the script by William Wisher and Caleb Carr. Frankenheimer died during the film's early casting. A commentary on Dial M for Murder ascribed to Hitchcock goes like this: "As you can see, the best way to do it is with scissors." This refers at the same time to the film's pivotal scene, in which Grace Kelly stabs her would-be murderer with a pair of scissors, and to the clever editing which is a hallmark of his movies. A prequel, Exorcist: The Beginning (2004) attracted controversy even before its release. It's one of the top-ten movie images ever.). A parody entitled Repossessed was released the same year, with Blair lampooning the role that made her (in)famous. (A movie-poster producer or other image-vendor should offer a still of Hubbard's quiet private smile in that scene for sale.

Exorcist III ignored the events of the previous sequel and presented a satisfying conclusion to the story after 15 years. The modesty of Hubbard's victory dance, plus its being hidden from public view, makes it more attractive than those other gestures, because it's less likely to lead to subsequent hubris. 1990's more successful The Exorcist III, written and directed by Blatty himself from his own 1983 novel Legion, the true sequel to the original novel. This gesture is the understated British equivalent of the victorious American gunfighter's gesture of coolly blowing smoke away from his gun-barrel, or of the victorious Greek (Perseus) triumphantly holding aloft the Gorgon's severed head. John Boorman's poorly-received Exorcist II: The Heretic was released in 1977. He permits himself a small smile of satisfaction at having confounded a particularly knavish trick, and absent-mindedly removes a tiny comb from his pocket and smoothes his mustache with it, giving the impression of mildly patting himself on the back. In the United Kingdom, the movie was included in the 'Video nasty' phenomenon of the early 1980s. Although it had been released uncut for home video in 1981, when resubmitted for classification to the British Board of Film Classification after the implementation of the Video Recording Act 1984 it was refused a release and no video copies were to be sold in the UK. However, following a successful re-release in cinemas in 1998, the film was resubmitted and was passed uncut with an 18 certificate rating in 1999, signifying a relaxation of the censorship rules with relation to home video in the UK. In the final scene, the murderer has been taken off and the happy couple has departed, leaving Hubbard, a Holmes who has convincingly impersonated a Watson, alone in the room.

Interestingly, the part of Regan was originally offered to troubled actress Dana Plato, whose mother refused to allow her to take it. When he takes the key from under the stair carpet he gives himself away. The Exorcist is commonly regarded as one of the best and most effective horror films; one that balances a stellar script, gruesome effects, and outstanding performances. Some time later, Tony comes back. McCambride's role was originally uncredited; after Blair was nominated for her role, McCambridge initiated a lawsuit seeking redress. (Incidentally, McCambridge's voice was not processed or treated for The Exorcist, she had worked extensively in radio drama and had a flexible vocal range.). She does not, so that clears her of any suspicion. It was nominated for ten Academy Awards (winning two), and also won four Golden Globes. What Hubbard wants to find out is if she knows the hiding place under the stair carpet.

The film was a huge international hit, grossing as of 2004 $402,500,000 worldwide. Her key—actually Swann's—does not fit into the lock, so she cannot open the door. These scenes were later restored and--along with a number of new digital effects--inserted into the re-release subtitled "the version you've never seen" in 2000. Meanwhile, Hubbard has brought Sheila to the flat. The film originally contained several key sequences from the novel, which were cut prior to release by director Friedkin, despite Blatty's protests. He notices that he is wearing Hubbard's raincoat and goes off to the police station to exchange it. The imagery in question is readily apparent and easily recognizable as a simple, yet effective editing technique, designed to make the viewer ill at ease - the desired effect for a horror film, after all. Now Tony's key to the flat is in the pocket of his raincoat, so on returning to his flat some time later he realizes that he cannot get inside.

The Exorcist was also accused of, among many other things, manipulation of its audience through the use of subliminal imagery; a claim that is verifiably false upon a viewing of the film. Then the inspector, who has not given up the case yet but who pretends he has, uses his final trick: He says good-bye and deliberately takes Tony's raincoat instead of his own. The effects were so graphic that Roger Ebert writes "That it received an R rating and not the X is stupefying."[2] (http://rogerebert.suntimes.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/19731226/REVIEWS/301010310/1023). Pressed for an answer, Tony manages a final impromptu lie in front of both Max and the police: He tells them this is the money Sheila had ready when she met Swann but that she changed her mind and killed him instead of paying him off. The Exorcist contained a number of disturbing special effects, engineered by makeup legend and pioneer Dick Smith. This is when Max discovers Tony's attaché case filled with the remaining one pound notes. The lengthy exorcism tests the priests, both physically and spiritually. Then Inspector Hubbard arrives at the flat again, allegedly to ask Tony about the money he has been spending lately.

He turns to the local bishop, who appoints a second priest, Father Merrin, to perform an exorcism. Max argues that all this could be altered, and that Tony could put all the blame on himself, claiming that it was he who had done all that. The girl is examined by a priest, Father Damien Karras, who is convinced of the diabolical nature of the case. Max argues that during Sheila's trial all arguments revolved around three things only: (1) Max's letter found on Swann; (2) the fact that no key was found on Swann (and that there was no forced entry either); and (3) Sheila's stocking. After unsuccessful medical help, Regan's mother turns to religion. On the day before Sheila's execution Max visits Tony to propose a very unusual thing to him: Rather than seeing his wife hanged, he could come up with a completely new story, confess at the last minute that he hired Swann to kill his wife and save her life by going to prison for some years himself instead. Ironically, Max has come up with exactly what Tony ACTUALLY did. She undergoes a series of physical and psychological changes. They do, but Tony is not aware of it.

In the film, a young girl named Regan, living in Georgetown, Washington, D.C., with her mother, (a famous actress) becomes ill after playing with a Ouija board. There are two things Tony has not reckoned with: (a) that Swann replaced the key under the stair carpet immediately after using it rather than when leaving the flat again and that, accordingly, the key Tony takes out of the dead man's pocket is the key to Swann's own flat; and (b) that getting rid of £1,000 in cash (the money he would have paid to Swann, which he does not have to now that he is dead) by paying bills here, there and all over the place is a conspicuous thing to do bound to be investigated by the police. [1] (http://www.strangemag.com/exorcistpage1.html) Several area newspapers reported on a speech a minister gave to an amateur parapsychology society, in which he claimed to have exorcised a demon from a thirteen-year-old boy named Robbie, and that the ordeal lasted a little more than six weeks. Soon Sheila is seen as the main suspect, arrested, and eventually tried. Blatty based his novel on a supposedly genuine exorcism from 1949, in Cottage City, Maryland. Also, he extracts Sheila's key (he thinks) from one of Swann's pockets and puts it back into his wife's handbag. Regan's voice was dubbed by Mercedes McCambridge when possessed. For another, before the police arrive at the scene of the crime, he puts Max's letter into one of the inside pockets of the dead man's suit—which will go to show that he actually was blackmailing Sheila.

Cobb as Lieutenant William Kinderman and Linda Blair as Regan MacNeil. For one thing, he hides Swann's scarf (in the film, he burns it in the fireplace), replaces it with one of Sheila's stockings from her mending basket and hides the other stocking beneath the blotter on the desk. Directed by William Friedkin and starring Max von Sydow as Father Lankaster Merrin, Ellen Burstyn as Chris MacNeil, Jason Miller as Father Damien Karras, Lee J. In the course of the police investigations, led by Inspector Hubbard (John Williams), Tony succeeds in cunningly and artfully planting clues in a way that gets his unsuspecting wife deeper and deeper into trouble. The Exorcist is an influential and successful 1973 horror film, adapted by William Peter Blatty from his 1971 novel of the same name. This would mean that she will be hanged, and that he will inherit her money after all. By now it has been established that Swann came in through the hall door rather than the French windows leading into the garden, as his shoes are not dirty.

And this is it: He realizes he can make it look as if Sheila had been blackmailed by Swann, that the blackmailer came to her flat in person and that she actually let him in with the intention of murdering him (rather than killing him in self-defence). Tony's mind has to work fast now if he wants to come up with an alternative plan. Then they both find out that it is high time they called the police. In his (temporary) panic, Tony tells his sobbing wife not to touch or do anything until he has come home, which he hurriedly does.

E.g., he could have showed Tony carelessly and emphatically spindling items onto it early in the film, and Sheila glancing at him and saying, "Watch what you're doing or you'll skewer yourself.") He falls to the floor and is dead at once. With it on the desk, Hitchcock could "foreshadowed" coming events. (A more likely-to-be-on-desk and more credible weapon would have been a "spike", a common item used for impaling old bills, receipts, etc., that would have had the penetrating power and lethality of an ice pick. When she does, the plan goes really wrong: Swann attacks her from behind—with Tony all the while listening in to what is going on over the phone—but Sheila turns out to be rather strong and eventually stabs Swann in the back with the scissors.

According to (Tony's) plan, Swann secretly enters the Wendices' flat shortly before 11 o'clock, hides behind the drawn curtains, a scarf in his hands, and waits for the telephone to ring and for Sheila to come out of her bedroom to answer it. When she has finished the tiresome job she goes to bed, carelessly leaving the scissors lying on the desk next to the phone. Sheila finally consents and for that reason takes a (seemingly) huge pair of scissors out of her mending basket (which also contains a pair of her stockings). Tony has a hard time persuading his wife to stay at home and stick some old newspaper clippings of his when he was a tennis star into an album instead.

This is true of Sheila, too: Instead of listening to the radio in her bedroom when Tony and Max are away, she tells her husband of her (own) plans to go to the cinema that night. Max, a writer of crime scenarios, says at one point that theoretically he, Max, would be able to plan the perfect murder but that it would be impossible to carry out any plan of his because in real life people just do not act according to other people's plans. Before leaving for the stag party, Tony steals Sheila's key out of her handbag and hides it under the stair carpet outside their flat for Swann to use. There are only two keys to the Wendices' ground floor flat.

Sheila will come to the living-room to answer the phone, and then she will be murdered by Swann. He has told Swann that he is going to phone his own flat at exactly 11 p.m. The idea is that the police should think that a burglar was surprised by Sheila, that he panicked, attacked and strangled her and left without the loot. For Saturday night, Tony has invited Max to join him at some stag party in a nearby hotel—this is how he secures himself an alibi.

Finally, Swann accepts the deal. There is no time to lose, as he has planned the murder for the following night. When Swann arrives at 61A Charrington Gardens that Friday night, Tony gets down to business very quickly. Under some pretext—he has to prepare an urgent report for his boss—he has Sheila and Max go to the theatre and, when they are gone, he invites Swann round to his flat under another pretext—wanting to buy an expensive American car from him.

Now he uses the opportunity of Max's return to London to carry out his plan. When the action starts Tony's careful preparations have been going on for a year. Tony knows that now he will be able to blackmail Swann into murdering his wife. He also singles out the perfect man to do the job: C A Swann, who now calls himself "Captain Lesgate", an old schoolmate of his who embarked on a life of petty crime already when they were at school together.

This is the money he wants to pay the contract killer with. In order not to arouse any suspicion, Tony withdraws small amounts of money for a year—always more than he and his wife need to live—and this way collects £1,000 in (used) one pound notes. He even watched them having a little farewell party (eating spaghetti with mushrooms) in Max's studio flat in Chelsea. Sheila has no idea that Tony knows all about her relationship to, and love for, Max, but he does: He went to great lengths to steal his own wife's handbag containing one of Max's letters, and then he even assumed the role of an anonymous Brixton-based blackmailer to find out whether his wife was prepared to pay any amount of money for the retrieval of the letter (she did, but he only asked for £50).

As Tony and Sheila have both made their wills, with each other as the beneficiary, Tony decides that after Max has left for America the time has come to act: For one year, he meticulously plans Sheila's murder. Eventually, they also stopped writing each other. for one year. Sheila is not in love with her husband though: She had a relationship with Max (called Mark in the movie) Halliday (played by Robert Cummings in the movie), a crime writer for American TV, but they broke it off when Max went to the U.S.A.

To please his wife, he has given up tennis and now has a job selling sports equipment. There is just one setting in the play of Dial M for Murder: the living-room of the Wendices' flat in London (61A Charrington Gardens, Maida Vale) (Hitchcock's film includes a second setting in a restaurant, almost halfway through the film when Tony is waiting for it to be time to call home.) Tony Wendice is a former tennis player who has succeeded in marrying Sheila (called Margot in the movie) only for her money, without the naïve young woman realizing that. Generally, Knott's work tends to focus on women who innocently become the focus, and the potential victims, of evil plots. in 1954, has only written one other well-known play, Wait Until Dark (1966), which was filmed in 1967 starring Audrey Hepburn as a blind woman in New York City who happens to come into possession of a doll filled with heroin.

Knott, who moved to the U.S.A. The screenplay for the film was written by Knott himself and is almost identical with the stage play (Samuel French acting edition ISBN 0573011028). The original Naturalvision system, which required two projectors operating simultaneously, has been rarely used in the film's presentations but a single projector 3D version was re-released in the 1980s. The film was shot in full colour "Naturalvision" 3D against the wishes of Hitchcock.

Dial M for Murder premiered in 1952 as a BBC television play before being performed on the stage in the same year (West End, June; Broadway, October.) One of the classic examples of a stage thriller, it has been revived again and again ever since. 1918). It is based on the stage play of the same title by English playwright Frederick Knott (b. film directed by Alfred Hitchcock starring Grace Kelly and Ray Milland as a married couple.

Dial M for Murder (1954) is a U.S.