Sunglasses

These include:. Moreover, the "hybrid" moniker gives the SUVs it's applied to an environmentally friendly image to counter the gas-guzzling reputation of SUVs in general. Some fictional characters are predominantly depicted as wearing sunglasses. While some manufacturers (most notably Toyota in the Lexus RX400h) are using added power generated from the hybrid systems primarily to give vehicles added performance, these hybrid SUVs still offer equal or better fuel efficiency than their conventionally-powered counterparts. These people include:. A hybrid version of the Toyota Highlander is available, and a hybrid Mazda Tribute is in the pipeline. Some celebrities are predominantly seen in public wearing sunglasses, even indoors. Shortly after the Escape Hybrid's introduction, Mercury introduced a hybrid version of its Mariner, which is a lightly restyled Ford Escape.

There are also various words referring to eyepieces with darkened lenses:. The 2005 Ford Escape Hybrid is the first hybrid SUV, with a hybrid version of the Lexus RX 400h also available. In 2004, Oakley developed Thump, sunglasses with built-in digital audio player. For example the Hummer H1 is derived from the HMMWV developed for the US Armed Forces. Land began experimenting with making lenses with his patented Polaroid filter. SUVs targeted for use in civilization have traditionally originated from their more rugged all terrain counterparts. Sunglasses would not become polarized, however, until 1936, when Edwin H. Typical examples are the Land Rover, the Toyota Land Cruiser and the Lada Niva.

Foster found a ready market on the beaches of Atlantic City, New Jersey, where he began selling Foster Grants from a Woolworth on the Boardwalk. Availablity of spare parts and the need to carry out repairs on the move dictate that established generic model vehicles with the bare minimum of electric and hydraulic systems predominate. Sunglasses as such were introduced by Sam Foster in 1929. It should be noted that use of SUVs is much rarer outside the USA, with people in these tending to use all terrain utility vehicles without the suburban refinements common to SUVs. Protection from the sun's rays was not a concern of his. Areas such as the Australian Outback, Africa, the Middle East and most of Asia can have limited blacktop roads and require the vehicle to have increased range, storage capacity, and all terrain handling. These were not "sunglasses" as such; Ayscough believed blue- or green-tinted glass could correct for specific vision impairments. There are a number of places where an SUV can be of benefit to its occupants.

James Ayscough began experimenting with tinted lenses in spectacles in the mid-18th century. However they are still referred to in the UK as "roll-overs" due to their propensity to roll over. Compare the representation of "blind Justice" in Western art. Manufacturers have added car-level bumpers to reduce "submarining" in collisions- SUVs have therefore become somewhat safer for other road users in recent years. Contemporary documents describe the use of such glasses by judges in Chinese courts to conceal their facial expressions while questioning witnesses. [5]. The "lenses" of these glasses were flat panes of smoky quartz, which offered no corrective powers but did protect the eyes from glare. In April 2005, William Cottrell, a 24-year-old American postgraduate student at Caltech was sentenced to more than eight years in federal prison and $3.5 million in fines for firebombing or vandalizing 125 SUVs at dealerships and a few homes in 2003.[4] Two of his associates fled the country to avoid prosecution.

Sunglasses were first used in China in the 12th century or possibly earlier. Other points of criticism: the gadgets may become troublesome (adding to repair bills), they add to the overall weight of the vehicle, the luxury features are simply toys for the rich and provide additional opportunities for the owner to flaunt himself/herself, and – in some instances – serve as distractions to drivers and causing an accident risk. It is said that the Roman emperor Nero liked to watch gladiator fights through polished gems. Many critics see these features as simply unnecessary for normal commuting.
. In addition, some have criticized SUVs – particularly luxury-minded top-line models – because they come with electronic gadgets such as automotive navigation systems; power seats with memory settings; in-seat heaters and massage-type seat lumbar control; in-vehicle DVD players with flatscreen monitors; and vehicle stability control. Their popularity with the Pilots in the United States has earned them the nickname "Pilots Glasses". Some have gone as far as to connect recent oil crisis woes with widespread use of these vehicles.

Aviators are sunglasses with a dark lens. Others criticize SUVs for environmental reasons, pointing out that low fuel efficiency and high emissions make SUVs far less environmentally friendly than smaller cars. Their popularity with police officers in the United States has earned them the nickname "cop shades". Some criticism of SUVs is based purely on their image as expensive, upscale status symbols for the (relatively) wealthy; and their stereotypically yuppie owners/drivers as arrogant, rude, and wasteful show-offs. Mirrorshades are sunglasses with a mirrored coating on the surface. For example, in braking, the high center of mass would direct an excessive weight shift to the front tyres, leading to an inefficiency of traction during braking. While originally worn by Onassis in the 1960's, the glasses eventually became popular with younger American girls around the year 2000. Due to the SUV's usually high weight and high center of mass, SUVs generally perform poorly in emergency manoeuvres.

This style of sunglasses is said to mimic the kind most famously worn by Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis. For instance, a 1999 Jeep Cherokee has a curb (empty) weight of 3300 lb (1500  kg), while a smaller car like the Volkswagen Golf diesel has a curb weight of 3100 lb (1400 kg). Onassis glasses are very large sunglasses worn by women. However sometimes, SUVs may look heavier than they actually are. Styles that use two lenses also exist, but less common. These weights are all for vehicles fully loaded to GVWR, and most owners rarely reach full capacity. The most common type of sunglasses with interchangable lenses have a single lens or shield that covers both eyes. For comparison, a midsize sedan such as the Honda Accord weighs 4080 lb (1851 kg) fully loaded.

It also allows easy replacement of a set of lenses if they are damaged. Other vehicles can weigh as much as an SUV: the Dodge Grand Caravan exceeds the 6000 lb mark by 650 lb (295 kg), and the Honda Odyssey, at 5952 lb (2700 kg), and Kia Sedona, at 5959 lb (2703 kg), are close. The reason for this is because the cost of a set of lenses is less than the cost of a separate pair of glasses and carrying extra lenses is less bulky than carrying multiple pairs of glasses. These laws are rarely enforced for SUVs, however, since these vehicles are seen as passenger vehicles instead of commercial trucks. The purpose of this is to allow the wearer to easily change lenses when light conditions or activities change. Rural bridges often have a 6000 lb (2700 kg) weight limit, and some large SUVs surpass this limit when loaded. Lenses can be easily removed and swapped with a different lens, usually a different colored lens. The high gross vehicle weight rating of some larger SUVs (including the Ford Excursion or Hummer H2) technically limits their use on certain roads.

Some sports oriented sunglasses have interchangeable lens options. Most gasoline luxury cars, limousines, SUV's, sport editions and tuned cars vary from 1L / 6KM to 1L / 12KM (±15-30 mpg). There are two styles of frameless glasses, those that have a piece of frame material connecting the two lenses together, and those that are a single lens with ear stems on each side. Average gasoline cars average from 1L / 8KM up to 1L /15KM (±20-35 mpg). Frameless glasses have no frame around the lenses and the ear stems are attached directly to the lenses. The smallest consumer gasoline cars average from 1 liter per 16KM up to 1 liter per 20KM (±40-50 mpg). Half frames go around only half the lens, typically the frames attach to the top of the lenses and on the side near the top. Luxury cars and limousines often have larger engines than SUV's.

Full frame glasses have the frame go all around the lenses. Sport editions of cars and tuned cars can have really bad fuel economics. There are three common styles: full frame, half frame, and frameless. Standard cars with a diesel engine can weigh more than a regular SUV. Frames can be made to hold the lenses in several different ways. Luxury cars and mini vans can have the same or even more weight than a SUV. Oakley, for example, has straight ear pieces on all their glasses. Although SUV's have the image of being fuel hogs, compared to sport editions of standard cars, luxury cars and mini vans the SUV's don't come out so bad.

The end of the ear pieces are usually curved so that they wrap around the ear; however, some models have straight ear pieces. Also, bear in mind that diesel is a more polluting fuel than gasoline, so a direct comparison of gallons/liters per mile/kilometer can be misleading. The end of the ear pieces and the bridge over the nose can be textured or have a rubber or plastic material to hold better. Note though that gasoline contains about 15% less energy than diesel fuel per unit of volume, so direct comparison of fuel economy numbers can be misleading. Because metal frames are more rigid, some models have spring loaded hinges to help them grip the wearer's face better. Diesel-engined versions tend to show better fuel economy figures than gasoline-burning versions - checking a few offical figures shows that a small diesel 4x4 has better touring economy than the supercharged Mini Cooper S or many large saloon cars. Metal frames are usually more rigid than nylon frames thus they can be more easily damaged when participating in sporty activities, but this is not to say that they cannot be used for such activities. The low fuel economy is caused by.

This flex can also help the glasses grip better on the wearer's face. The more car-like SUVs tend to have a somewhat lower profile and better road performance tires, but often still have large, fuel-inefficient engines. They are able to bend slightly instead of breaking when pressure is applied to them. SUVs also often come with tires designed for off-road traction rather than low rolling resistance. Nylon frames are usually used in sports because they are light weight and flexible. The heavy suspension and large engines increases vehicle weight. Frames are generally made from plastic, nylon, a metal or metal alloy. The high profile of SUVs increases wind resistance.

CR-39 lenses are the most common plastic lenses, due to their low weight, high scratch resistance, low transparency for ultraviolet and infrared radiation, and other advantageous properties. As there is little incentive to change the design, SUVs have numerous fuel-inefficient features. Polycarbonate lenses are the lightest, and are also almost shatterproof, making them good for impact protection. The CAFE requirement for light trucks is an average of 20.7 mpg (US), versus 27.5 mpg (US) for passenger cars (11.4 and 8.6 L/100 km, respectively). They do however, offer more resistance to shattering than glass. government as light trucks, and thus are subject to the less strict light truck standard under the Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) regulations. Plastic lenses are lighter than glass lenses, but are more prone to scratching. The main reason is that SUVs are classified by the U.S.

They can also shatter or break on impact. SUVs are as a class much less fuel efficient than comparable passenger vehicles. Glass lenses have the best optical clarity and scratch resistance, but are heavier than plastic lenses. population consumes more gasoline than in previous years. Plastic lenses are typically made from acrylic, polycarbonate, or CR-39. The recent popularity of SUVs is one reason the U.S. Sunglass lenses are made from either glass or plastic. In Europe, from 2006 the fitting of bull bars, also known as grill guards or in Australia, roo bars, to vehicles such as 4x4s and SUVs will be illegal.

Some people who are severely visually impaired but still sighted wear sunglasses in order to protect their vision against glare. This is one of the chief motivations for the development of side-curtain airbags in standard autos. Before the introduction of sunglasses, one-eyed people could wear an eyepatch to not disturb other people. The most notable statistic in SUV design crash incompatibility is an increase in fatalities when an SUV strikes the head of a passenger or driver in a side-impact collision. People with severe visual impairment, such as the blind, often wear sunglasses so they do not make others uncomfortable with the fact that they cannot make eye contact with them (not seeing eyes may be better than seeing eyes which seem to look in the wrong direction), or to hide the eyes if their appearance is abnormal, for example due to cataracts. These mass and design dangers are known as crash incompatibility issues in the crash testing industry, and are a topic of active research. These are known as photochromic lenses. The higher ride and other design characteristics of many SUVs may also lead to greater damage to smaller crash partner cars.

Some lenses gradually darken with bright light and lighten in darkness. The considerable weight of the larger SUVs (such as the Chevrolet Suburban and the Ford Excursion) makes collisions with other, smaller cars much less dangerous for the SUV and much more dangerous for the car. Corrective lenses can be darkened to serve the same purpose, or secondary clip-on dark lenses can be placed in front of the regular lenses. Also, the height of SUV headlights has been cause for complaint and distraction by drivers who find themselves dazzled at night by oncoming SUVs even when their lights are on low-beam settings. With the introduction of office computing, ergonomists can recommend mildly tinted glasses for display operators to increase contrast. Of course SUV's are not alone in posing this danger, as other vehicles such as vans and minivans similarly block drivers vision. The manufacturer, any of the above features: color, polarization, degradation, and mirroring, can be combined into a set of lenses for a pair of sunglasses. This hazard is made worse by the nearly opaque window tinting which is found on the majority of SUVs currently sold.

These type of sunglasses are sometimes called mirrorshades. SUVs are often taller than other passenger vehicles, thus limiting another driver's vision of traffic in front of an SUV, and contributing to possible accidents involving sudden stops. For example, a gray lens can have a blue mirror coating, and a brown lens can have a silver coating. The size and design of SUVs can often be a hazard to other drivers. The color of the mirrored surface is irrelevant to the color of the lens. Aftermarket offerings also exist for interested buyers. These mirrored coatings can be made any color by the manufacturer for styling and fashion purposes. Unfortunately, those tend to be pricey options and only a fraction of SUVs have them installed.

This mirrored coating reflects some of the light when it hits the lens before it is transmitted through the lens making it useful in bright conditions. This is still rather new technology and is not fool-proof. A mirrored coating can also be applied to the lens. Quite a few manufacturers try to remedy the problem by offering rear-view cameras or simple sensors that sound the alarm if the car is about to hit something. Some models use a degradation where the top of the glass (through which the sky is looked at) is darker and the bottom is transparent. There are numerous cases where SUV owners have accidentally backed over their children and pets, or hit cars going down the parking aisle. Some models have polarized lenses to reduce glare caused by light reflected from polarizing surfaces such as water as well as by polarized diffuse sky radiation (skylight). While it's a non-issue on the road, this makes backing out of a stall or a driveway more difficult and dangerous.

Some sunglasses with interchangeable lens have optional clear lenses to protect the eyes during low light or night time activities. Young children and cars behind the SUV may be completely invisible. Clear lenses are used typically to protect the eyes from impact, debris, dust, or chemicals. The back view is particularly restricted. Blue and purple lenses offer no real benefits and are mainly cosmetic. Also the size and design of SUVs leads to a restricted driver's view of the area immediately surrounding the vehicle. Yellow lenses are commonly used by golfers and shooters for its contrast enhancement and depth perception properties. This is in part because the collision of an SUV with a pedestrian tends to impact the chest, while the collision of a car with a pedestrian tends to impact the knees.

Orange and yellow lenses have the best contrast enhancement and depth perception but cause color distortion. An SUV hitting a pedestrian is about twice as likely to kill as a car at equal speed. Red lenses are good for medium and lower light conditions because they are good at enhancing contrast but causes color distortion. However it is obvious that this advantage is only relative to other vehicles, and that one higher vehicle, while affording a better view for its own driver, will tend to obscure the view for all other road users, thus decreasing general road safety, and leading to frustration in other drivers. Brown and green lenses cause some minimal color distortion, but have contrast-enhancing properties. A perceived benefit for SUV drivers is their higher seating: they have a better overview on the road, and therefore can react sooner to crossing children or incidents ahead. Grey lenses are considered neutral because they do not enhance contrast or distort colors. [3].

The color of the lens can vary by style, fashion, and purpose, but for general use, green, grey, or brown is recommended to avoid or minimize color distortion, that could be dangerous when, for instance, driving a car. SUV drivers are also statistically less likely to wear their seatbelts. In both tests, no part of the lens can touch the eye. [1] These figures may be confounded by variables other than the vehicles' inherent safety, for example the documented tendency for SUVs to be driven more recklessly (most sensationally perhaps, the 1996 finding that SUV drivers are more likely to drive drunk [2]). In the high velocity test, a 1/4 in (6.35mm) steel ball is shot at the lens at 150 ft/s(45.72 m/s). In 2004, the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration released figures showing that drivers of SUVs were 11 percent more likely to die in an accident than people in cars. In the basic impact test, a 1 in (2.54 cm) steel ball is dropped on the lens from 50 in (127 cm). It is clear, for example, that a tank, while "safer" for its own driver, would not contribute to public safety if driven on the highway.

These are voluntary standards, so not all sunglasses comply, nor are manufacturers required to comply. It is also documented that many SUVs, while slightly reducing risk for people inside the SUV, substantially increase risk for the people outside the SUV (in other vehicles or on foot). Some sunglasses also pass ANSI Z87.1 requirements for basic impact and high impact protection. Big and Bad, Gladwell.com. Cheaper sunglasses look good but maximum protection is not guaranteed. This and the massive size and weight of SUVs may lead to consumers' false perception of safety (Gladwell, 2004). The rule of thumb is, the more expensive and the more known the manufacteror of the sunglasses the more protection. That you can look down is psychologically a very powerful notion".

In the preparation for solar eclipses, health authorities often warn against looking at the sun through only sunglasses. Rapaille, a psychological consultant to automakers (as cited in Gladwell, 2004), many consumers feel safer in SUVs simply because their ride height makes "[their passengers] higher and dominate and look down (sic). In the European Union, a CE mark () identifies glasses fulfilling quality regulations. C. It is important that the makers of one's sunglasses ensure that the glasses protect against UV (ultraviolet) rays. According to G. Various types of disposable sunglasses are dispensed to patients after receiving mydriatic eye drops during eye examinations. SUV safety concerns are compounded by a perception among some consumers that SUVs are safer for their drivers than standard autos; this perception is generally incorrect, although SUVs might provide more safety in a few situations.

Eyeglasses improve visual comfort. Modern SUVs are usually designed to prevent rollovers on flat surfaces. People also wear sunglasses when they don't want others to see that they're high by looking at their bloodshot eyes. This was also dramatically demonstrated in one Fifth Gear show using a Range Rover. The impact on nonverbal communication and the cool image can be the reasons for wearing sunglasses by night or indoors. In recent years, Consumer Reports has found a few unacceptable SUVs due to their rollover risk. Curiously, they can project an image of uncool nerdiness that sunglasses do not have. The high center of gravity of SUVs makes them more prone to rollover accidents (especially if the vehicle leaves the road or in emergency manoeuvres) than lower vehicles.

Note that normal glasses are very rarely worn without a practical purpose. In fact, the Jeep Cherokee/Liberty (1984+) and Grand Cherokee (1993+) have used unibody construction from the start, and have hardly sacrificed ruggedness or offroad prowess in the process. Darkened sunglasses of particular shapes may be in vogue as a fashion accessory. However, some SUVs have designs based on unibody construction: the Ford Escape/Mazda Tribute, Lexus RX 330 (Motor Trend), RX 400h, Hyundai Santa Fe, and Acura MDX are some examples. Many cultures do not take them kindly. Many SUVs, on the other hand, are constructed in the traditional manner of light trucks: body-on-frame, which when negligently designed can provide a comparatively lower level of safety. Hiding one's eyes has implications in face-to-face communication: It can hide weeping, being one of the signs of mourning, makes eye contact impossible which can be intimidating, as in the stereotype of the guardian of a chain gang, or can show detachment, which is considered cool in some circles. The majority of modern automobiles are constructed by a method called unibody or monocoque construction, whereby a steel body shell absorbs the impacts of collisions in crumple zones.

. Safety is one common point of criticism. From the 1950s to the 1990s sunglasses were popular as a fashion statement, especially on the beach. In previous years, this deduction reached $102,000 and was the subject of much criticism. Sunglasses have also been associated with celebrities and film actors primarily due to the desire to mask identity, but in part due to the lighting involved in production being typically stronger than natural light and uncomfortable to the naked eye. However, the cost of both SUVs and automobiles is fully deductible over future years using normal depreciation. It has been recommended to wear these kind of glasses on sunny days to protect the eyes from ultraviolet radiation, which can lead to the development of a cataract. This provides a slight tax incentive for businesses to purchase an SUV.

In outdoor activities like skiing and flying, the eye can receive more light than usual. Small-business owners may deduct $10,610 of the cost of a passenger automobile. Many people find direct sunlight too bright to be comfortable, especially when reading from paper on which the sun directly shines. In the United States, the so-called "SUV subsidy" (Section 179 depreciation deduction) allows small-business owners to deduct up to $25,000 of the cost of a vehicle with a Gross vehicle weight rating of over 6000 lb (2722 kg) from their income tax calculation. Sunglasses are a visual aid, variously termed spectacles or glasses, which feature lenses that are coloured or darkened to screen out strong light from the eyes. The explosive growth in SUV ownership has attracted a large amount of criticism, mainly of the risks to other road users and the environment, but also on the basis that the perceived benefits to the vehicle owner are illusory or exaggerated. Riff from Sluggy Freelance. Therefore, most SUV's have electronics to prevent a roll over.

Scar from Fullmetal Alchemist. One reason for this was that SUVs are more than 16 times more likely to "roll over" in an accident, and this has become more publicized in recent years. The MacManus brothers from The Boondock Saints. In fact, SUV drivers were more likely to perish in an accident with a smaller car than is the driver of the other vehicle. Duke Nukem( as of Duke Nukem 3D). The most common reason for SUV popularity cited by owners was once the incorrect assertion that they confer a major advantage in a collision with regular cars. Jimmy from WarioWare, Inc.. "Betting the farm" on SUV popularity has caused General Motors to consider bankruptcy as SUVs are no longer popular vehicles to buy new.

Johnny and Bunny Bravo from Johnny Bravo. Gas prices have now increased, leading to lower resale values for SUVs and far lower numbers of SUVs being purchased in the mid 2000s. Steven Hyde's red aviator sunglasses from That '70s Show. After accounting for inflation, gas prices in the 1990s were cheaper on average than in any decade since the invention of the automobile. The mirrored aviator sunglasses of the silent boss figure prominently in the plot of Cool Hand Luke. One argument for SUV popularity in past years was cheap gasoline. Rude, a member of the Turks from Final Fantasy VII. As such, newer SUVs have lower ground clearance and more comfortable suspensions.

Gendo Ikari, from the anime Neon Genesis Evangelion. Newer SUVs take into account the prevailing usage patterns where the SUV is not expected to ever see any significant offroad usage. Anthony Crowley, from the novel Good Omens by Terry Pratchett and Neil Gaiman. In time, the public's dislike of truck-like characteristics in SUVs brought about a more-refined current crop of SUVs. The Energizer Bunny. Still, SUVs are, in general, more expensive than sedans. Clifford, a Muppet character. Historically, their simple designs and often outdated technology (by passenger car standards) often made the vehicles cheaper to make than comparably-priced cars.

Albert Wesker from the video game Resident Evil. In the late 1990s and early 2000s, vehicle manufacturers sold the image of SUVs very effectively, with per-vehicle profits substantially higher than other automobiles. Most of the mafia members from the anime Gungrave. Undoubtedly, though, some of their success is due to their supposed "powerful image", a substantial factor for many people who might more logically choose a more economical and cheaper car, van, station wagon, or hatchback. The crew from Reservoir Dogs. Critics argue that only a fraction of SUVs will be used for heavy duty work (and many SUVs have surprisingly low load capacities) that can't be done with a regular car. Interestingly, all of the protagonists wear rounded lenses, while the antagonists wear rectangular lenses. Additionally, most large SUVs have far greater towing capacities than conventional cars, and in the case of trailerable boats have superior abilities to launch and retrieve those boats from slippery boat ramps (and, indeed, from many places where no made ramp exists).

Most characters from The Matrix movie. Owners pointed to their large, comfortable cabins (which approach the passenger and equipment-carrying capabilities of minivans), safety, and the recreational possibilities of the vehicles. The Men in Black and the Men in Black of urban legend. SUVs became popular in US for a variety of reasons. Matt Murdock, blind lawyer from "Daredevil". In the mid 2000s, their popularity has waned considerably. Cyclops, from the X-Men - wears sunglasses when he is not in costume with his visor. SUVs were immensely popular in the late 1990s and early 2000s.

Max Headroom - 1980s "computer generated" celebrity. Modified SUVs also take part in races, most famously in the Paris-Dakar Rally, and the Australian Safari. The reporter crew of the Argentinian and Spanish shows Caiga Quien Caiga. at least, many 4WD clubs have been formed for this purpose. The Blues Brothers, musicians. In Australia, China, Europe, South Africa and the U.S. John Munch, Detective in Homicide: Life on the Street,Law & Order: Special Victims Unit (played by Richard Belzer, see above). Some private SUV owners do indeed take their vehicles off the road to explore places otherwise unreachable by vehicle or for the sheer enjoyment of the driving.

Blade (comics), A fictional Marvel Comics comic-book character about a vampire-hunter.Blade (comics) has been turned in a series of 3 films. These newer SUVs have more in common with modern mini-vans than older SUVs, as such the term SUV now follows more closely with Sport Utility Van than Sport Utility Vehicle. and all three members of ZZ Top, who had a 1980 hit with Cheap Sunglasses. Consequently, more modern SUVs often come laden with luxury features and some crossover SUVs, such as the BMW X5, the Acura MDX, and the Toyota RAV4, have adopted lower ride heights and car chassis to better reflect their typical use (overwhelmingly, for normal on-road driving). Stevie Wonder, blind musician. However, in the last 25 years, and even more in the last decade, they have become popular with urban buyers. - country music singer. Descended from commercial and military vehicles such as the Jeep and Land Rover, they have been popular for many years with rural buyers due to their off-road abilities.

Hank Williams, Jr. SUVs do look large, and their height inconveniences other drivers, and even though many SUVs are wider or longer than most other cars, they are not necessarily so. Andy Warhol, artist. SUV's are criticized in the Netherlands for being too large as well and some environmentalists are pushing local governments to deny SUV users parking spaces. Thompson, journalist, deceased. In The Netherlands they are often called "PC Hooft-tractoren" after Amsterdam's most exclusive shopping street. Hunter S. In Australia, particularly Victoria, they are referred to as "Toorak Tractors".

Toots Thielemans, Belgian jazz artist. In New Zealand they are occasionally called "Fendalton tractors" or "Remuera tractors" after the higher priced suburbs in Christchurch and Auckland respectively. Masayuki Suzuki, Japanese singer of Rats & Star. In the UK they are occasionally known as jeeps or Land Rovers no matter what make they actually are, although the increasing prevalence of these vehicles in recent years has decreased this colloquial usage. Howard Stern, shock jock. In southern England, SUVs, excluding farm vehicles such as Land Rovers, are often referred to in derogatory terms as "Soft-Roaders" or "Chelsea tractors", coined by London Mayor, Ken Livingstone. Paul Shaffer - bandleader. "Utility", or "Ute", refers to an automobile with a flatbed rear or pick-up, typically seating two passengers and is often used by tradesmen, and is typically not a 4WD vehicle.

Richard Petty, NASCAR legend. In Australia, the automotive industry and press have recently adopted the term SUV in place of four wheel drive in the description of vehicles and market segments. Roy Orbison, singer. distinction between cars and "light trucks" is not used. Yoko Ono, Japanese artist and John Lennon's wife. They are classified as cars in countries such as the UK where the U.S. Ric Ocasek - musician and producer. Outside of North America and India these vehicles are known simply as four-wheel-drives often abbreviated to "4WD" or "4x4".

Kennedy. In countries where fuel is more expensive, buyers often opt for diesel engines, which have better fuel efficiency (and diesel fuel itself is often much cheaper). Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis, widow of John F. The design also allows for a large engine compartment, and many SUVs have large V-6 or V-8 engines. Jack Nicholson, actor. In higher-end models, all four wheels can provide motion ("drive"), unlike the majority of automobiles in which only the front or rear wheels provide drive. Karl Lagerfeld, German fashion designer. Typical to a light truck platform, SUVs have higher seating than a station wagon and a suspension designed for giving ground clearance for off-road driving.

Lenny Kravitz, Singer/Entertainer. In contrast, station wagons are typically wider than they are tall, and minivans are taller than they are wide. Umm Kalthum, Egyptian singer, now deceased. SUVs are typically taller, though, with a roughly square cross section. Elton John, in unusual tints. SUVs were traditionally derived from light truck platforms, but have developed to have the general shape of a station wagon. Wojciech Jaruzelski, Polish chief of state. .

Michael Jackson, pop star. A new category, the crossover SUV uses car components for lighter weight and better economy. Heino, German singer. In more recent years, the term has also grown to encompass vehicles with similar size and style that are marketed as sport utility vehicles, but which do not actually incorporate substantial off-road features. Liam and Noel Gallagher of Oasis. A sport utility vehicle (SUV) or off-roader, known in some countries as a four wheel drive, (often abbreviated to 4WD or 4x4 - pronounced "four-by-four") or soft roaders, is a type of passenger vehicle which combines the load-hauling and passenger-carrying capacity of a large station wagon or minivan with features designed for off-road driving. Enzo Ferrari, Italian automotive pioneer. high rolling resistance due to all terrain tires (even worse if low pressure is needed offroad) and high vehicle mass driving the rolling resistance where μ_roll stands for the rolling resistance factor and m_vehicle for the vehicle mass.

Jose Feliciano, blind musician. wind). Bootsy Collins, funk musician. high crossectional area causing very high drag losses especially when driven at high speed where F stands for the force, A_cross for the crossectional area of the vehicle, ρ_air for the density of the air and v_air for the relative velocity of the air (incl. Ray Charles, blind musician, now deceased. high parasitic masses (compared to the average load) causing high energy demand in transitional operation (in the cities) where P stands for power, m_vehicle for the vehicle mass, a for acceleration and v for the vehicle velocity. Bono, singer of U2.

Richard Belzer comedian and actor. Robert Ashley, American composer. Pedro Abrunhosa, Portuguese singer. Smoked Spectacles usually refers to the darkened eyepieces worn by blind people.

Sunnies is Australian slang. Dark glasses (also preceded by 'pair of') - generic term in common usage. Also in use is the derivative abbreviation, shades. Sun-shades can also refer to the sun-shading eyepiece-type, although the term is not exclusive to these.

Sunglasses is a term in common usage in Britain and North America, and it is also used when preceded by "pair of". Sun specs (also sunspecs) is the shortened form of the above term. Spekkies is a term used predominantly in southern Australia. Sun spectacles is a term used by some opticians.