Serena Williams

Country: United States
Residence: Palm Beach, Florida, USA
Height: 5'9" (1.75 m)
Weight: 135 lbs. (61 kg)
Plays: Right
Turned pro: September 1995
Highest singles ranking: 1 (July 8, 2002)
Singles titles: 26
Prize Money: $15,756,765
Grand Slam Record
Titles: 7
Australian Open W (2003, '05)
French Open W (2002)
Wimbledon W (2002, '03)
U.S. Open W (1999, '02)

Serena Jamica Williams (born September 26, 1981) is a professional women's tennis player, who has been a former World No. 1 of the Women's Tennis Association (WTA). She is the younger sister of another female tennis champion, Venus Williams. She currently resides at Palm Beach Gardens, Florida, United States.

Early life

Serena Williams was born in Saginaw, Michigan and when she and her four sisters were young, their parents, Richard and Oracene (also called Brandy), took them to the poor and sometimes violent Los Angeles suburb of Compton. There, her father dreamed of making at least one of his daughters a tennis superstar, hoping that involvement in sports would give them a way out of that neighborhood.

Both Venus and Serena Williams would be taken to Compton area public tennis courts to practice when they were young, and they had to dodge bullets many times during the early practice days. When Serena was four and a half, she won her first tournament, and she entered 49 tournaments before the age of 10, winning 46 of them. At one point, she replaced sister Venus as the number one ranked tennis player aged 12 or under in California.

1991-1997

In 1991, Richard Williams, saying that he hoped to prevent his daughters from facing racism, stopped sending them to national junior Tennis tournaments, and Serena attended a Tennis school run by professional player Rick Micci instead. Micci had already helped the careers of Jennifer Capriati and Mary Pierce, among others. Soon Richard, who had struck a deal on behalf of his daughters with a major clothing company, was able to move the rest of the Williams family to West Palm Beach, to be near Serena and Venus.

Serena became a professional in September 1995, at the age of 14. Because of her age, she was banned from WTA sponsored tournaments, and had to participate in non-WTA events at first. Her first professional event was the Bell Challenge in Quebec, and she was ousted in less than an hour of play.

She did not give up, and she started winning matches: By 1997, ranked number 304 in the world, she upset Monica Seles and Mary Pierce at the Ameritech Open in Chicago, recording her first career wins over top 10 players. She finished 1997 in the top 100 at no. 99.

1998

1998 was the first year in which she finished in the WTA top 20. She began the season in Sydney as a qualifier ranked no. 96 reaching semifinal winning over world no. 3 Lindsay Davenport in the quarter final. Serena felt she had become a top professional after beating Lindsay Davenport in the semi-finals of a minor Australian tournament. Serena was then expected to do well in her first Grand Slam tournament, but she lost in the second round of the Australian Open to sister Venus after reaching the second round with a victory over world no. 9 Irina Spirlea in the first.

She reached six other quarterfinals during the season. At Miami, she defeated world no. 10 Spirlea in the 2nd round for her fifth top 10 victory becoming the fastest woman in tennis history to record five top 10 victories (in 16 matches) breaking the previous record set by Monica Seles in 1989 in her 33rd match. She won the mixed doubles title at Wimbledon and US Open with Max Mirnyi completing a Williams family 1998 mixed doubles Grand Slam as sister Venus won Australian Open and Roland Garros titles with Justin Gimelstob. She won her first pro title in doubles at Oklahoma City with sister Venus becoming the third pair of sisters to win a WTA tour women's doubles title. She earned 2.6 million dollars in the season.

1999

In 1999, Serena was ranked number 21 worldwide, and she and sister Venus had become mainstream celebrities. She defeated Amélie Mauresmo in third set in a final the same day sister Venus won in Oklahoma City marking first time in professional tennis history two sisters won titles in the same week. Ranked number 21, she defeated 3 top 10 players: world no. 2 Lindsay Davenport in the second round, world no. 8 Mary Pierce in the quarter final, and world no. 7 Steffi Graf in the final at Indian Wells.

Serena has been the focus of many ad campaigns, including one with shoe and clothes maker Puma, which signed her to a 12 million dollar agreement.

On September 11 of 1999, Serena won her first Grand Slam tournament when she became US Open champion, becoming the first African American woman to win a Grand Slam tournament since Althea Gibson did it in 1958. The next day, she and sister Venus won the doubles championship at the same tournament. She finished 1999 in the top 5 at no. 4 in just her third full season winning first five titles of her career including her first Grand Slam.

2000-2002

In 2000, she won the doubles gold medal at the Olympics with sister Venus. 2001 was the third consecutive year in which she finished in the top 10 reaching her first Grand Slam singles final in two years. In 2002, she won the French Open, Wimbledon and the US Open.

By this stage, Serena had developed the most powerful groundstrokes of any women's tennis player ever (aided, like all players of the modern era, by the advances in racquet technology). Against most opponents, her sheer power is enough to win easily, forcing them back behind the baseline to hit their shots, at which point she is able to hit equally powerful winners. Her serve is also extremely powerful—in sheer speed, comparable to some of the male players on the tour. Serena is also very mobile for her size and power, unlike some of the earlier big hitters in the women's game (for example, Lindsay Davenport). The main weaknesses in her game, similar to her sister Venus, include relatively weak volleying and, because she attempts so many winners, she can occasionally commit large numbers of unforced errors.

2003

Martina Navratilova, in an article in June 2003, stated that, given equal equipment, at her peak she would have been able to beat Serena. She stated that she believes that Serena's powerful groundstrokes could be negated by extending the rallies and also hitting "junk"—keeping the ball low to make it harder to hit powerful shots.

She won the Australian Open in 2003, her fourth straight Grand Slam singles title becoming the fifth woman ever to hold all four titles after Connolly, Court, Martina Navratilova and Steffi Graf and only the ninth woman ever to win all four Grand Slam events. This was not deemed a Grand Slam by tennis purists, as the four tournaments were not won in the same calendar year. Her feat was coined the "Serena Slam".

For the first time since January 2002, the Grand Slam final did not read Williams-Williams at the French Open in June 2003. Among boos and catcalls, frustrated Serena lost to Justine Henin-Hardenne of Belgium (Venus lost to Vera Zvonareva in the fourth round). Henin-Hardenne commented: "Everybody's happy today but the Williams sisters". Henin-Hardenne was responsible for two of Serena's three losses in 2003 (all on clay).

At Wimbledon in the 2003 tournament, Serena Williams became back to back champion, by defeating Henin-Hardenne in the Semifinals, and her sister Venus in the Finals on July 5, with a score of 4-6, 6-4, 6-2.

When Serena beat her sister Venus to win the Australian Open on January 24, 2003, that was only the sixth time a woman has held all four of tennis' major championships at the same time, and the first since Steffi Graf in 1994. Even this so-called "Serena Slam" is not a true Grand Slam—tennis purists demand that a player collect all four major titles in a single calendar year to be deemed to have achieved a Grand Slam—it was still a remarkable and rare accomplishment, made all the more remarkable for the fact that Serena had to beat her sister each time. The Williams siblings are the first two women in Grand Slam history to square off in four consecutive finals.

Williams' older sister, Yetunde Price, was murdered on the morning of September 14, 2003, by gunshots as she passed by in a car driven by a man in the Compton area.

2004-2005

Serena withdrew from Australian Open 2004 to continue rehabilitating her left knee. She reached the final of Wimbledon once again, but lost to the 17-year-old Russian player Maria Sharapova, heralded as one of the greatest young talents the game has seen. On July 30, she withdrew from her quarterfinal match against Russia's Vera Zvonareva with a left knee injury joining her sister who had earlier pulled out due to a sprained right knee. On August 1, she announced her withdrawal from the Rogers Cup due to the same injury. The injury also forced her to pull out of the 2004 Summer Olympics.

Controversy has arisen over Williams's level of dedication to the sport. Some believe that she is far too concerned with her fashion and acting careers, and has not focused enough recently on her tennis. Disappointing performances during 2004 have been cited as proof of this lack of focus. However in 2005 she won her seventh Grand Slam event defeating Maria Sharapova and Lindsay Davenport en route to the title.

These controversies re-emerged in April 2005 as MTV announced plans to broadcast a reality show around the lives of Serena and Venus Williams.

Williams was also on Punk'd when Williams was trying to save a Punk'd problem kid played by Rob Pinkston until Ashton Kutcher came out from the SUV with a baby.

Titles (37)

Singles (26)

Performance Timeline

Doubles (11)

All titles except 2002 Leipzig won with Venus Williams as partner.


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All titles except 2002 Leipzig won with Venus Williams as partner. This is most likely a result of the merger with Enix, which was well-known for producing sequels and spinoffs associated with the Dragon Quest series. Williams was also on Punk'd when Williams was trying to save a Punk'd problem kid played by Rob Pinkston until Ashton Kutcher came out from the SUV with a baby. Starting with that game, however, several such sequels emerged, especially the Compilation of Final Fantasy VII series of games/movies, all of which continue the story of the game Final Fantasy VII. These controversies re-emerged in April 2005 as MTV announced plans to broadcast a reality show around the lives of Serena and Venus Williams. Until the release of Final Fantasy X-2 the idea of a "direct sequel," that is, a game which picked up directly from the story of a previous game in the series, was unprecedented in the series. However in 2005 she won her seventh Grand Slam event defeating Maria Sharapova and Lindsay Davenport en route to the title. The original Final Fantasy I and Final Fantasy II are released in Final Fantasy Origins, and for the Game Boy Advance as Final Fantasy I & II: Dawn of Souls. Final Fantasy III has not yet officially been released in the US, and never rereleased on any platform in any market, but Square-Enix currently plans to release it for the Nintendo DS.

Disappointing performances during 2004 have been cited as proof of this lack of focus. Final Fantasy IV was released in Final Fantasy Chronicles for the PlayStation, while Final Fantasy V and VI were released in Final Fantasy Anthology for PlayStation. Some believe that she is far too concerned with her fashion and acting careers, and has not focused enough recently on her tennis. Later ports include translations of the Japanese games with their original numbering. Controversy has arisen over Williams's level of dedication to the sport. FF3us or FF6j. The injury also forced her to pull out of the 2004 Summer Olympics. To solve this, many fans use the disambiguating suffixes "us" and "j" for American numbering and Japanese numbering respectively, e.g.

On August 1, she announced her withdrawal from the Rogers Cup due to the same injury. This has been a source of much confusion, with many American fans continuing to refer to IV and VI by their American numbers. On July 30, she withdrew from her quarterfinal match against Russia's Vera Zvonareva with a left knee injury joining her sister who had earlier pulled out due to a sprained right knee. Starting with Final Fantasy VII the pretense was dropped, and all subsequent games used their original numbering, leading to an apparent "jump" over 3 games. She reached the final of Wimbledon once again, but lost to the 17-year-old Russian player Maria Sharapova, heralded as one of the greatest young talents the game has seen. Final Fantasy IV became "II" and VI became "III". Serena withdrew from Australian Open 2004 to continue rehabilitating her left knee. Originally, Final Fantasy II and III for the Famicom and V for the Super Famicom were not released in America, so Square of America decided to change the numbers of the US releases to hide this fact.

Williams' older sister, Yetunde Price, was murdered on the morning of September 14, 2003, by gunshots as she passed by in a car driven by a man in the Compton area.
. The Williams siblings are the first two women in Grand Slam history to square off in four consecutive finals. On the other hand, the single-player Final Fantasy X-2 has attracted negative attention for its status as the first direct sequel to a previous Final Fantasy game, and for its supposed overreliance on fan service. Even this so-called "Serena Slam" is not a true Grand Slam—tennis purists demand that a player collect all four major titles in a single calendar year to be deemed to have achieved a Grand Slam—it was still a remarkable and rare accomplishment, made all the more remarkable for the fact that Serena had to beat her sister each time. A number of diehard fans have accused Final Fantasy XI for neglecting the traditions of the series by switching to a massively multiplayer online format. When Serena beat her sister Venus to win the Australian Open on January 24, 2003, that was only the sixth time a woman has held all four of tennis' major championships at the same time, and the first since Steffi Graf in 1994. Of the more recent installments in the series, Final Fantasy XI and Final Fantasy X-2 have been most frequently singled out for criticism.

At Wimbledon in the 2003 tournament, Serena Williams became back to back champion, by defeating Henin-Hardenne in the Semifinals, and her sister Venus in the Finals on July 5, with a score of 4-6, 6-4, 6-2. Fans of these games often argue that the nostalgia factor plays a significant role in many of the negative critical responses to post-Final Fantasy VII installments. Henin-Hardenne commented: "Everybody's happy today but the Williams sisters". Henin-Hardenne was responsible for two of Serena's three losses in 2003 (all on clay). Nintendo's Legend of Zelda, Konami's Suikoden, and Square Enix's own Dragon Quest franchises are strong competitors of Final Fantasy. Among boos and catcalls, frustrated Serena lost to Justine Henin-Hardenne of Belgium (Venus lost to Vera Zvonareva in the fourth round). More recent installments of the series (following its premiere on the Sony PlayStation in 1997) are especially attacked by critics within the video game community. For the first time since January 2002, the Grand Slam final did not read Williams-Williams at the French Open in June 2003. Some cite a lack of interactivity (overuse of full motion video), rigid and often linear story structure, and unoriginality.

Her feat was coined the "Serena Slam". Although the franchise is extremely popular, it is not without critics. She won the Australian Open in 2003, her fourth straight Grand Slam singles title becoming the fifth woman ever to hold all four titles after Connolly, Court, Martina Navratilova and Steffi Graf and only the ninth woman ever to win all four Grand Slam events. This was not deemed a Grand Slam by tennis purists, as the four tournaments were not won in the same calendar year. Unlike previous games, battles in both Final Fantasy XI and Final Fantasy XII take place on the world map, with no separate battle screen. She stated that she believes that Serena's powerful groundstrokes could be negated by extending the rallies and also hitting "junk"—keeping the ball low to make it harder to hit powerful shots. Early details suggest Final Fantasy XII will adopt a similar system. Martina Navratilova, in an article in June 2003, stated that, given equal equipment, at her peak she would have been able to beat Serena. Final Fantasy XI featured a fully real time combat system similar to that employed by the game EverQuest: when confronted with an enemy, a character would automatically perform basic physical attacks unless otherwise instructed by the player.

The main weaknesses in her game, similar to her sister Venus, include relatively weak volleying and, because she attempts so many winners, she can occasionally commit large numbers of unforced errors. As this ranking was displayed on screen during battle, it was possible to know when a character and/or enemy would move several combat turns in advance, and to plan battles accordingly. Serena is also very mobile for her size and power, unlike some of the earlier big hitters in the women's game (for example, Lindsay Davenport). In the CTB system, every creature in battle would be ranked according to speed. Her serve is also extremely powerful—in sheer speed, comparable to some of the male players on the tour. Final Fantasy X abandoned the ATB system in favor of the "Conditional Turn-Based Battle System" (CTB). Against most opponents, her sheer power is enough to win easily, forcing them back behind the baseline to hit their shots, at which point she is able to hit equally powerful winners. Generally each of these games included both "active" and "wait" modes: when "wait" mode was chosen, then all activity relating to the time gauge would pause whenever the player was using a submenu to choose a magic spell, item, or special attack.

By this stage, Serena had developed the most powerful groundstrokes of any women's tennis player ever (aided, like all players of the modern era, by the advances in racquet technology). When a specific character's time gauge was filled, the character could act, which would then reset the timer. In 2002, she won the French Open, Wimbledon and the US Open. The ATB system was semi-real time, and afforded every creature in combat a time gauge. 2001 was the third consecutive year in which she finished in the top 10 reaching her first Grand Slam singles final in two years. Starting with Final Fantasy IV, and continuing until Final Fantasy IX (and revived in Final Fantasy X-2), the "Active Time Battle" (ATB) system was introduced. In 2000, she won the doubles gold medal at the Olympics with sister Venus. The player would input all battle commands at the beginning of each combat round, which would then be carried out based on the speed rating of each character.

4 in just her third full season winning first five titles of her career including her first Grand Slam. Final Fantasy I through Final Fantasy III all featured a traditional turn based battle system. She finished 1999 in the top 5 at no. Often these special attacks are integrated into the "job system," which has appeared in several games in the series (Final Fantasy III, Final Fantasy V, Final Fantasy Tactics, Final Fantasy X-2). The next day, she and sister Venus won the doubles championship at the same tournament. Most games in the series (from Final Fantasy III on) feature a variety of "special commands," over and beyond the traditional "Attack," "Defend," "Cast Magic," and "Run" battle commands, such as the ability to steal items from enemies, or performing a leap attack. On September 11 of 1999, Serena won her first Grand Slam tournament when she became US Open champion, becoming the first African American woman to win a Grand Slam tournament since Althea Gibson did it in 1958. Most games in the series utilize an experience level system for character advancement (although Final Fantasy II did not), and a point-based system for casting magical spells (though Final Fantasy I, Final Fantasy III and Final Fantasy VIII all featured different approaches).

Serena has been the focus of many ad campaigns, including one with shoe and clothes maker Puma, which signed her to a 12 million dollar agreement. As such, Final Fantasy uses a menu-driven, turn-based battle system. 7 Steffi Graf in the final at Indian Wells. Final Fantasy borrowed many gameplay elements from its primary rival, the Dragon Quest franchise. 8 Mary Pierce in the quarter final, and world no. The games often feature various minigames with their own graphical engines. 2 Lindsay Davenport in the second round, world no. The games typically have several types of screens, or modes of interaction, broadly categorized as:.

Ranked number 21, she defeated 3 top 10 players: world no.
. She defeated Amélie Mauresmo in third set in a final the same day sister Venus won in Oklahoma City marking first time in professional tennis history two sisters won titles in the same week. Final Fantasy X-2 utilized the same game engine as Final Fantasy X, and was aesthetically not much different. In 1999, Serena was ranked number 21 worldwide, and she and sister Venus had become mainstream celebrities. Final Fantasy X was the first game in the series to use voice overs to any degree. She earned 2.6 million dollars in the season. Final Fantasy X was released on the PlayStation 2, and made use of the more powerful hardware to render certain cutscenes in real-time, rather than displayed in pre-rendered video.

She won her first pro title in doubles at Oklahoma City with sister Venus becoming the third pair of sisters to win a WTA tour women's doubles title. Final Fantasy IX returned briefly to the more stylized design of earlier games in the series, but maintained most of the graphical techniques utilized in the previous two games in the series. She won the mixed doubles title at Wimbledon and US Open with Max Mirnyi completing a Williams family 1998 mixed doubles Grand Slam as sister Venus won Australian Open and Roland Garros titles with Justin Gimelstob. The full motion video sequences utilized a display technique wherein video would play in the background while the polygon characters would be composited on top. 10 Spirlea in the 2nd round for her fifth top 10 victory becoming the fastest woman in tennis history to record five top 10 victories (in 16 matches) breaking the previous record set by Monica Seles in 1989 in her 33rd match. Starting with Final Fantasy VIII, the series adopted a more photo-realistic look. At Miami, she defeated world no. As the only real user-interaction outside of battle was menu-driven, the developers saw no need for fully 3D-rendered overhead graphics.

She reached six other quarterfinals during the season. Released shortly after Final Fantasy VII, the spinoff title Final Fantasy Tactics, once again utilized sprites for the characters. 9 Irina Spirlea in the first. However, Final Fantasy VII's FMVs often lacked consistency, with characters appearing tiny and very indistinct in one scene, and extremely detailed in the next. Serena was then expected to do well in her first Grand Slam tournament, but she lost in the second round of the Australian Open to sister Venus after reaching the second round with a victory over world no. Final Fantasy VII was also the first Final Fantasy game to use full motion video sequences, part of the reason why the game spanned a full three CD-ROMs. Serena felt she had become a top professional after beating Lindsay Davenport in the semi-finals of a minor Australian tournament. The characters and entire game world were now 3-dimensional, with fully pre-rendered backgrounds.

3 Lindsay Davenport in the quarter final. 1997 saw the release of Final Fantasy VII for the Sony PlayStation and not Nintendo 64 as originally anticipated. 96 reaching semifinal winning over world no. This would continue to get more advanced in Final Fantasy VI, and the trend would continue to make the games much more erudite. She began the season in Sydney as a qualifier ranked no. Finally, in Final Fantasy V, the games began to use kanji. 1998 was the first year in which she finished in the WTA top 20. Much of the dialogue was simply clumps of text, making it especially hard for older gamers and foreigners learning Japanese.

99. The text of the Japanese language versions of early Final Fantasy games was comprised purely of kana. She finished 1997 in the top 100 at no. These games utilized updated graphics and effects, as well as higher quality music and sound than in previous games, but were otherwise similar to their predecessors in basic design. She did not give up, and she started winning matches: By 1997, ranked number 304 in the world, she upset Monica Seles and Mary Pierce at the Ameritech Open in Chicago, recording her first career wins over top 10 players. The same basic system was used in the next three games, Final Fantasy IV, Final Fantasy V, and Final Fantasy VI, for the Super Famicom (known internationally as the Super Nintendo Entertainment System). Her first professional event was the Bell Challenge in Quebec, and she was ousted in less than an hour of play. On the main world screen, small sprite representations of the leading party member were displayed because of graphical limitations, while in battle screens, more detailed, full versions of all characters would appear in a side view perspective.

Because of her age, she was banned from WTA sponsored tournaments, and had to participate in non-WTA events at first. Final Fantasy began on the Nintendo Family Computer ("Famicom," known internationally as the Nintendo Entertainment System) as Final Fantasy I in 1987, and was joined by two sequels, Final Fantasy II and Final Fantasy III, over the next three years. Serena became a professional in September 1995, at the age of 14.
. Soon Richard, who had struck a deal on behalf of his daughters with a major clothing company, was able to move the rest of the Williams family to West Palm Beach, to be near Serena and Venus. The battle sequences that end in victory for the player in the first ten installments of the series would be accompanied by a victory fanfare that used the same nine-note sequence to begin the fanfare, and it has become one of the most recognized pieces of music relating to the Final Fantasy series. Micci had already helped the careers of Jennifer Capriati and Mary Pierce, among others. The Prelude is actually based off of Bach's piece by the same name.

In 1991, Richard Williams, saying that he hoped to prevent his daughters from facing racism, stopped sending them to national junior Tennis tournaments, and Serena attended a Tennis school run by professional player Rick Micci instead. The games often open with a piece called Prelude, which was a simple arpeggio theme in the early parts, with further melody parts added in latter installments. At one point, she replaced sister Venus as the number one ranked tennis player aged 12 or under in California. While the music in games offers wide variety, there are some frequently reused themes. When Serena was four and a half, she won her first tournament, and she entered 49 tournaments before the age of 10, winning 46 of them. The Final Fantasy soundtracks have also joined the catalogue of the iTunes Music Store. Both Venus and Serena Williams would be taken to Compton area public tennis courts to practice when they were young, and they had to dodge bullets many times during the early practice days. Music from Final Fantasy was first performed outside of Japan as a part of the Symphonic Game Music Concert series in Germany.

There, her father dreamed of making at least one of his daughters a tennis superstar, hoping that involvement in sports would give them a way out of that neighborhood. The next performance was February 19, 2005 in Rosemont, Illinois by the Chicagoland Pops Orchestra, and currently, as of 2005, the "Dear Friends" concert is on tour in the US. Serena Williams was born in Saginaw, Michigan and when she and her four sisters were young, their parents, Richard and Oracene (also called Brandy), took them to the poor and sometimes violent Los Angeles suburb of Compton. That concert was a three-day sell out. She currently resides at Palm Beach Gardens, Florida, United States. An orchestral Final Fantasy music concert in the United States was performed by the Los Angeles Philharmonic Orchestra at Walt Disney Concert Hall on May 10, 2004. She is the younger sister of another female tennis champion, Venus Williams. Many video game and MIDI world wide web sites offer renditions of Final Fantasy musical pieces.

1 of the Women's Tennis Association (WTA). launched an America Online radio station dedicated to music from the Final Fantasy series, initially carrying complete tracks from Final Fantasy XI in addition to samplings from Final Fantasy VII through Final Fantasy X. Serena Jamica Williams (born September 26, 1981) is a professional women's tennis player, who has been a former World No. On November 17, 2003, Square Enix U.S.A. 2003: Australian Open. Final Fantasy soundtracks and sheet music are increasingly popular amongst non-Japanese Final Fantasy fans and have even been performed by the London Symphony Orchestra. 2002: Leipzig (with Alexandra Stevenson). Other composers who have contributed to the series include Masashi Hamauzu and Junya Nakano.

2002: Wimbledon. Uematsu is also involved with the rock group The Black Mages, which has released two albums of arranged Final Fantasy tunes. 2001: Australian Open. In the 2004 Summer Olympics, the American synchronized swimming duo consisting of Alison Bartosik and Anna Kozlova were awarded the bronze medal for their performance to music from Final Fantasy VIII. 2000: Summer Olympics-Sydney. His music has played a large part in the popularity of the Final Fantasy franchise abroad. 2000: Wimbledon. Nobuo Uematsu was the chief music composer of the Final Fantasy series until his resignation from Square Enix in November 2004.

Open. Square Enix continues to outsource story and scenario work to Nojima and Stellavista. 1999: U.S. He partially or completely wrote the stories for Final Fantasy VII, Final Fantasy VIII, Final Fantasy IX, Final Fantasy X, and Final Fantasy X-2. 1999: French Open. In October 2003, Kazushige Nojima, the series' principle scenario writer, resigned from Square Enix to form his own company, Stellavista. 1999: Hannover. Akihiko Yoshida, who served as character designer for the spinoff title Final Fantasy Tactics, as well as the Square-produced Vagrant Story, has been announced as the designer of the upcoming Final Fantasy XII.

1998: Zurich. Following Amano's departure, he was replaced with Tetsuya Nomura, who continued to work with the series through Final Fantasy X, with the exception of Final Fantasy IX, where character design was handled by Shukou Murase, Toshiyuki Itahana and Shin Nagasawa. 1998: Oklahoma City. Artistic design, including character and monster design work, was handled by renowned Japanese artist Yoshitaka Amano from Final Fantasy I through Final Fantasy VI. Some key objects and concepts that have appeared in more than one Final Fantasy game include:. From the strong influence of history, literature, religion and mythology on the story to the frequent reappearance of certain monsters and items, these shared elements provide a unifying framework to the series.

Though each Final Fantasy story is independent, many themes and elements of gameplay recur throughout the series. In a way, the Final Fantasy franchise has been a creative showcase for Square's developers, and many elements originally introduced in the series have made their way into Square's other titles, most notably two of its other major franchises, SaGa and Seiken Densetsu. Many elements and themes would recur throughout the series, but there would be no direct sequels until the release of Final Fantasy X-2 in 2003. This unusual approach to sequels has continued throughout the series, with each Final Fantasy game introducing a new world, and a new system of gameplay.

Following the success of the first game, Square quickly began work on a sequel. Unlike a typical sequel, Final Fantasy II featured entirely different characters, with a setting and story bearing only thematic similarities to its predecessor. Far from being Square's last hurrah, however, Final Fantasy I reversed Square's lagging fortunes, and became Square's flagship franchise. Recognizing that the project could very well turn out to be Square's last game, the project was entitled Final Fantasy. At approximately the same time, Square designer Hironobu Sakaguchi began work on an ambitious new fantasy role playing game for the cartridge-based Famicom, inspired in part by Enix's popular Dragon Quest (also known as Dragon Warrior).

By 1987, declining interest in the FDS had placed Square on the verge of declaring bankruptcy. first entered the Japanese video game industry in the mid 1980s, developing a variety of simple RPGs for Nintendo's Famicom Disk System (FDS), a disk-based peripheral for the Family Computer (Famicom, known internationally as the Nintendo Entertainment System). Square Co., Ltd. As of early 2005, eleven games have been released as part of the main series, as well as several more spinoffs and related titles.

It is Square Enix's most successful franchise, having sold over 60 million units worldwide to date. Future installments will also appear on the Nintendo DS and PlayStation Portable. The first installment of the series premiered in Japan in 1987, and Final Fantasy games have subsequently been localized for markets in North America, Europe and Australia, on nearly every modern video game console, including the Nintendo Entertainment System, the MSX2, the Super Nintendo Entertainment System, the Sony PlayStation, the WonderSwan Color, the PlayStation 2, IBM PC compatible, Game Boy Advance, Nintendo GameCube, and several different models of mobile phone. It may be the most widely distributed "game series" of all time, including both standard console games and portable games, a massive multiplayer online game, games for mobile phones, a computer-generated movie, two anime series, and an upcoming direct-to-DVD movie.

Final Fantasy (Japanese: ファイナルファンタジー Fainaru Fantajii) is a popular series of role playing games produced by Square Enix (originally Square Co., Ltd.). Part of the Compilation of Final Fantasy VII series. Cell-based OAV serving as a prequel to Final Fantasy VII from Zack's point of view. Last Order: Final Fantasy VIIforthcoming

    .

    Part of the Compilation of Final Fantasy VII series. CGI OAV serving as a sequel to Final Fantasy VII. Final Fantasy VII: Advent Childrenforthcoming

      . Released in North America by ADV Films in 2003.

      Original 25 episode television anime series featuring concepts and creatures from the Final Fantasy games. Final Fantasy: Unlimited — 2001

        . Directed by Hironobu Sakaguchi. Feature-length, theatrically released CGI movie featuring concepts and creatures from the Final Fantasy games.

        Final Fantasy: The Spirits Within — 2001

          . Released in North America by ADV Films in 1998. Anime OAV serving as a sequel to Final Fantasy V. Final Fantasy: Legend of the Crystals — 1994
            .

            Released in Japan as Final Fantasy I & II Advance. Remake of Final Fantasy I and Final Fantasy II with bonus quests and dungeons. Final Fantasy I & II: Dawn of Souls — 2004 — Nintendo Game Boy Advance

              . Released in North America and Europe in 2003 without any packaging extras.

              Compilation of the PlayStation remakes of Final Fantasy I and Final Fantasy II in special edition packaging with omake extras, under the title Final Fantasy I+II Premium Package. Final Fantasy Origins — 2002 — Sony PlayStation

                . Released only in North America, a compilation of the PlayStation remakes of Final Fantasy IV and the Super NES game Chrono Trigger. Final Fantasy Chronicles — 2001 — Sony PlayStation
                  .

                  European version – released in 2002, a compilation of the PlayStation remakes of Final Fantasy IV and Final Fantasy V. North American version – released in 1999, a compilation of the PlayStation remakes of Final Fantasy V and Final Fantasy VI with a special edition soundtrack CD. Final Fantasy Anthology — 1999/2002 — Sony PlayStation

                    . Never released in North America or Europe.

                    Compilation of the PlayStation remakes of Final Fantasy IV, Final Fantasy V and Final Fantasy VI in special edition packaging with omake extras. Final Fantasy Collection — 1999 — Sony PlayStation

                      . Never released in North America or Europe. Compilation of Final Fantasy I and Final Fantasy II on one cartridge.

                      Final Fantasy I.II — 1994 — Nintendo Family Computer

                        . Final Fantasy VII: Crisis Core — 2006 (announced) — Sony PlayStation Portable. Final Fantasy VII: Dirge of Cerberus — 2005 (announced) — Sony PlayStation 2. Final Fantasy VII: Before Crisis — 2004 — NTT DoCoMo FOMA 900i series mobile phones.

                        Compilation of Final Fantasy VII series

                          . Direct sequel to Final Fantasy X. Expanded "international edition" released for the PlayStation 2 in 2004. Final Fantasy X-2 — 2003 — Sony PlayStation 2
                            .

                            Final Fantasy: Crystal Chronicles — 2003 — Nintendo GameCube. Including Weapons, Moogles, and Items. Features Cloud, Yuffie, Cid, Aerith, Sephiroth from Final Fantasy VII, Squall and Selphie from Final Fantasy VIII, Tidus and Wakka from Final Fantasy X, As well as many other references to previous Final Fantasy Games. Sequel Currently in Production.

                            Game created by a working group of both Square and Disney. Kingdom Hearts — 2002 — Sony PlayStation 2

                              . Features Cloud Strife, Tifa Lockheart, Yuffie Kisaragi, Vincent, Sephiroth and Zack from Final Fantasy VII. Fighting game developed by Dream Factory and released by Square.

                              Ehrgeiz — 1998 — Sony PlayStation

                                . Chocobo Land — 2002 — Nintendo Game Boy Advance. Never released in North America or Europe. Chocobo Stallion — 1999 — Sony PlayStation
                                  .

                                  Racing game featuring characters from both Chocobo's Mysterious Dungeon and the Final Fantasy series. Chocobo Racing — 1999 — Sony PlayStation

                                    . Released in North America as Chocobo's Dungeon 2. Chocobo's Mysterious Dungeon 2 — 1998 — Sony PlayStation
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                                      Remade for the Bandai WonderSwan in 1999. Never released in North America or Europe. Chocobo's Mysterious Dungeon — 1997 — Sony PlayStation

                                        . Chocobo series
                                          .

                                          Final Fantasy Tactics Advance — 2003 — Nintendo Game Boy Advance. Final Fantasy Tactics — 1997 — Sony PlayStation. Final Fantasy Tactics series

                                            . Released in Japan as Final Fantasy USA.

                                            Final Fantasy Mystic Quest — 1992 — Super Nintendo Entertainment System

                                              . Remade for the Nintendo Game Boy Advance as Shinyaku Seiken Densetsu (Sword of Mana in North America and Europe). Released in North America as Final Fantasy Adventure. Seiken Densetsu — 1991 — Nintendo Game Boy
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                                                Released in North America as Final Fantasy Legend III. SaGa III — 1993 — Nintendo Game Boy

                                                  . Released in North America as Final Fantasy Legend II. SaGa II — 1991 — Nintendo Game Boy
                                                    .

                                                    Remade for the WonderSwan Color in 2002. Released in North America as Final Fantasy Legend. Makaitoushi SaGa — 1989 — Nintendo Game Boy

                                                      . SaGa / Final Fantasy Legend series
                                                        .

                                                        Final Fantasy XII — 2005 (announced) — Sony PlayStation 2. Rise of the Zilart and Chains of Promathia were both included in the European release of the game in 2004. Rise of the Zilart was included as part of the original North American release of the game in 2003. Two expansion packs have been released: Final Fantasy XI: Rise of the Zilart (2003) and Final Fantasy XI: Chains of Promathia (2004).

                                                        Also known as Final Fantasy XI Online: it is the first MMORPG in the series. At E3 2005, an Xbox 360 port was announced. Ported to the PC in 2003. Final Fantasy XI — 2002 — Sony PlayStation 2

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                                                          Not to be confused with the SGI demo produced alternatively called either Final Fantasy X or Final Fantasy SGI. Expanded "international edition" released for the PlayStation 2 in 2002. Final Fantasy X — 2001 — Sony PlayStation 2

                                                            . Final Fantasy IX — 2000 — Sony PlayStation.

                                                            Ported to the PC in 1999. Final Fantasy VIII — 1999 — Sony PlayStation

                                                              . First Final Fantasy title to be officially released in South Korea (PC version). First Final Fantasy title to be officially released in Europe.

                                                              Ported to the PC in 1998. Expanded "international edition" released for the PlayStation in 1998. Final Fantasy VII — 1997 — Sony PlayStation

                                                                . Released as a standalone game for the Sony PlayStation in Europe.

                                                                Included as part of Final Fantasy Anthology (North American version only). Ported to the Sony PlayStation in 1999. Originally released in North America as Final Fantasy III. Final Fantasy VI — 1994 — Nintendo Super Famicom/Super Nintendo Entertainment System

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                                                                  Included as part of Final Fantasy Anthology (North America and Europe). Ported to the Sony PlayStation in 1998. Unofficially translated by RPGe (1998). Original version was never released in North America or Europe.

                                                                  Final Fantasy V — 1992 — Nintendo Super Famicom

                                                                    . Included as part of Final Fantasy Chronicles (North America) and Final Fantasy Anthology (Europe). Ported to the Sony PlayStation in 1997 and remade for the WonderSwan Color in 2003. Final Fantasy IV Hardtype unofficially translated by J2E (1997, 2001).

                                                                    Remade and edited to reduce difficulty level as Final Fantasy IV Easytype (1992). Originally released in North America as Final Fantasy II. Final Fantasy IV — 1991 — Nintendo Super Famicom/Super Nintendo Entertainment System

                                                                      . Remake for the Nintendo DS is forthcoming 2005 and has been announced for release in North America and Europe.

                                                                      Original version was never released in North America or Europe. Final Fantasy III — 1990 — Nintendo Family Computer

                                                                        . Included as part of Final Fantasy Origins and Final Fantasy I & II: Dawn of Souls. Remade for the WonderSwan Color in 2001 and the Sony PlayStation in 2002.

                                                                        Reissued with Final Fantasy II as part of Final Fantasy I.II for the Family Computer in 1994. Original version was never released in North America or Europe. Final Fantasy II — 1988 — Nintendo Family Computer

                                                                          . Included as part of Final Fantasy Origins and Final Fantasy I & II: Dawn of Souls.

                                                                          Remade for the CDMA 1X WIN W21x series of mobile phones as Final Fantasy EZ. Remade for NTT DoCoMo FOMA 900i series of mobile phones as Final Fantasy i. Remade for the MSX2 in 1989, the WonderSwan Color in 2000, and the Sony PlayStation in 2002. Reissued with Final Fantasy II as part of Final Fantasy I.II for the Family Computer in 1994.

                                                                          Original version was released in Japan and North America, but not Europe. Final Fantasy I — 1987 — Nintendo Family Computer/Nintendo Entertainment System

                                                                            . In some games, the option to change the color of the tables is given. This screen is usually a very simple blue-table layout, with a gloved hand to select one's options.

                                                                            Menu Screen — This screen is used for navigating your party's status, equipment, magic, etc. In some cases, pre-rendered video was overlaid with real-time rendered field screen graphics (FMV-3D). They can either be pre-rendered video (FMV), or they can be executed in with the same engine as the field screens. Cutscenes — These scenes are non-interactive playback that usually advances the plot.

                                                                            The world screen was eliminated in Final Fantasy X. These are usually not to scale, as a character may appear the size of a small mountain. Relatively little plot occurs here, but there are exceptions. World screen — A low-scale screen used to symbolize traveling great distances in times that would otherwise slow the game down unacceptably plot-wise. Final Fantasy XII will do away with "scene-battles": battle sequences will occur on the main field screen.

                                                                            In Final Fantasy VII and later, these screens are fully 3D, but very restricted in size. (For example, a random battle in a desert gets a desert backdrop.) Plot-relevant battles (as opposed to battling random monsters) may have a specially built battle screen/arena, however. Battle screens — Battles occur on a separate type of screen (or arena), usually with a change of scale and a backdrop "arena" that usually generically represents where the battle is occurring in the game. Final Fantasy X used a completely 3D field screen system, which allowed the camera angle to change as the characters moved about.

                                                                            Final Fantasy VII, VIII, and IX used pre-rendered and pre-painted backgrounds over which 3D models were overlaid. Prior to Final Fantasy VII, they were pseudo-orthographic, using a simple 2D engine. Final Fantasy VII marked the point that Final Fantasy would have realistic computer graphics, while Dragon Warrior stayed with anime style cel-shaded graphics. Dialog mostly occurs on these screens.

                                                                            Field screens — These are where the main interaction between the characters occurs, and indeed most of the exploration of the world occurs on these screens. Rebellion — Story-wise, many entries in the Final Fantasy series feature a plotline about rebellion against either an economical, political, or religious power (Final Fantasy II 's Emperor of Palamecia, Final Fantasy VI 's Gestahl's Empire, Final Fantasy VII 's Shinra Corp., Final Fantasy VIII 's Sorceress, and Final Fantasy X 's Yu-Yevon, to name a few). Crystals — Most Final Fantasy games feature some obscure reference to elemental crystals, and the stories of Final Fantasy I, Final Fantasy III, Final Fantasy IV, Final Fantasy V, and Final Fantasy IX, Final Fantasy XI, and Final Fantasy Tactics Advance revolve around such Crystals. The motion picture Final Fantasy: The Spirits Within also featured a character named "Sid," presumably an alternate spelling of the more traditional "Cid." In a similar vein, characters named Biggs and Wedge (homages to the Star Wars characters Biggs Darklighter and Wedge Antilles) have appeared in Final Fantasy VI to Final Fantasy X-2 (inclusive).

                                                                            Although he is never the same individual, he is usually presented as an owner, creator, and/or pilot of airships. Character names — A character named "Cid" has been present in every Final Fantasy game since Final Fantasy II. Lastly, summoned monsters (also known as Espers, Guardian Forces, Eidolons, or Aeons) such as Bahamut, Shiva, Ifrit, Leviathan and Ramuh have appeared in almost every title in the series. Certain monsters also reappear frequently, including Goblins, Tonberrys and Cactuars.

                                                                            Creatures/monsters — Creatures such as Chocobos and Moogles have appeared in most games in the series. While these are present in many console RPGs, Final Fantasy also has a standard list of items which may be used to cure specific ailments; for example the "Echo Screen" cures silence and "Soft" cures petrification. Status ailments and cures: Characters in Final Fantasy games are usually subject to a number of standard "status ailments" which cause deleterious effects, including silence, poison, petrification and confusion. Later additions have included blue magic (sometimes referred to as "Lore" or "Enemy skill"), which incorporates specific special attacks learned from monsters, and time/space magic, which includes status affecting spells such as "Haste," "Slow," or "Warp.".

                                                                            White magic and black magic represent healing/support and attack magic, respectively, while red magic incorporates elements of both healing and attack magic, at reduced effectiveness. Magical styles — Magic in the Final Fantasy series is generally divided into different schools, which are usually named after a specific color. In Final Fantasy X-2, the "Dresssphere" system actually allowed a player to switch a character's job during the middle of a fight. Additionally, several installments in the series (Final Fantasy III, Final Fantasy V, and Final Fantasy Tactics) have utilized a "Job" system wherein the player is able to switch character classes in between battles.

                                                                            Even in games where the player is not given the choice of choosing class alignment, these classes often play an important background role in the story. Character classes and the Job system — Playable character classes have included the Fighter, White, Black, Red, and Blue Mages, Black Belt, Thief and Mime. In many games, most notably Final Fantasy IV and Final Fantasy IX, the presence of airships is a key component to the story itself. Airships — Powerful airborne vessels which usually serve as a primary mode of transportation for the player.