Pentecostalism

Additional Pentecostal theologians are listed in the article entitled, "Renewal Theologians". American Juniors runner-up Jordan McCoy, who is now signed with Sean Combs, also hails from San Antonio. Source: Operation World by Patrick Johnstone and Jason Mandryk, 2000, unless otherwise indicated. Syndicated advice columnist Heloise was born in San Antonio and still resides there. The Apostolic Church is the fastest growing church in the world. While not a native of San Antonio, actor Tommy Lee Jones makes his home just outside the city on a 3,000-acre cattle ranch. Founded and led by David Yonggi Cho since 1958, it had 780,000 members in 2003. Native actors include Carol Burnett, Ann Prentiss, Hal LeSueur, and Joan Crawford.

The great majority of Pentecostals are to be found in Third World countries (see the Statistics subsection below), although much of their international leadership is still North American. Pentecostalism is sometimes referred to as the "third force of Christianity." The largest Christian church in the world is the Yoido Full Gospel Church in South Korea, a Pentecostal church. Olympic gold medalist swimmer Josh Davis was born in San Antonio on September 1, 1972, the same day Mark Spitz won one of his seven 1972 gold medals and made Olympic history. Pentecostalism was conservatively estimated to number around 115 million followers worldwide in 2000; other estimates place the figure closer to 400 million. Professional wrestler Shawn Michaels grew up on Lackland Air Force Base, where his father, an Air Force colonel, was stationed. is estimated to be more than 20 million and also including approx 918,000 (4%) of the Hispanic-American population, counting all unaffiliated congregations, although exact numbers are hard to come by, in part because some tenets of Pentecostalism are held by members of non-Pentecostal denominations in what has been called the charismatic movement. Cole High School, having led his team to a 36-0 record and a state championship his senior year. The size of Pentecostalism in the U.S. Shaquille O'Neal graduated from Robert G.

According to a Spring 1998 article in Christian History, there are about 11,000 different pentecostal or charismatic denominations worldwide. NFL players from San Antonio include Keith Cash and Kerry Cash (Holmes High School), John Hagy, Priest Holmes and Ndukwe "N.D." Kalu (Marshall High School). The largest Pentecostal denominations in the United States today are the United Pentecostal Church, the Church of God in Christ, Church of God (Cleveland) and the Assemblies of God. city, and later went on to serve as the Secretary of Housing and Urban Development under President Bill Clinton. The history of pentecostalism in Australia has been documented by Dr Barry Chant in Heart of Fire (1984, Adelaide: Tabor, 382 pages). He was the first Hispanic mayor of a major U.S. In Brazil, for example, churches founded by the Swedish Pentecostal mission claim several million members. Henry Cisneros was the mayor of San Antonio from 1981 to 1989.

Swedish Pentecostals have been very missionary-minded and have established churches in many countries. San Antonio has several neighborhoods of interest:. These congregations are all independent but cooperate on a large scale. San Antonio has a robust nightlife that centers on several key areas:. As of 2005, the Swedish pentecostal movement has approximately 90,000 members in nearly 500 congregations. San Antonio is also home to the Double-A Minor League affilate of the Seattle Mariners, the San Antonio Missions who play at Nelson Wolff Stadium on the west side of the city. Today this congregation has about 7000 members and is the biggest Pentecostal congregation in northern Europe. One of the immediate consequences for the SBC Center is the creation of two new teams, The San Antonio Rampage of the American Hockey League and the San Antonio Silver Stars of the WNBA.

Pastored by Lewi Pethrus, this congregation, originally Baptist, was expelled from the Baptist Union of Sweden in 1913 for doctrinal differences. Previously, the Spurs played at the Alamodome, which was built for football, but the Spurs built and moved into the SBC Center in 2002. In Sweden, the first Pentecostal church was Filadelfiaförsamlingen in Stockholm. The Spurs have been playing in San Antonio since 1973 and have won two NBA Championships. This was later followed by the Elim Church. The city's only top-level professional sports team, and consequently the team most San Antonians follow, is the San Antonio Spurs of the NBA. In the United Kingdom, the first Pentecostal church to be formed was the Apostolic Church. And many other institutions that offer courses and trainings for individuals.

Unlike "Classical Pentecostals," who formed strictly Pentecostal congregations or denominations, Charismatics adopted as their motto, "Bloom where God planted you.". San Antonio hosts several institutions of higher education offering associate's degrees or higher, including:. From the late 1950s onwards, the Charismatic Movement, which was to a large extent inspired and influenced by Pentecostalism, began to flourish in the mainline Protestant denominations, as well as the Roman Catholic church. There are about 40 radio stations that can be heard in the San Antonio area with 30 of these located inside San Antonio. Perhaps the most visible station in San Antonio is WOAI AM-1200 (affiliated with the TV Station), who are the radio home of the San Antonio Spurs. This influence included evangelistic emphasis, C&MA doctrine, Simpson's hymns and books, and the use of the term 'Gospel Tabernacle,' which evolved into Pentecostal churches being known as 'Full Gospel Tabernacles.'.
. Because of this, Simpson and the C&MA (an evangelistic movement that Simpson founded) had a great influence on Pentecostalism, in particular the Assemblies of God and the FourSquare Church. The following list are the major affiliate television stations in the city.

It was common for Pentecostal pastors and missionaries to receive their training at the Missionary Training Institute that Simpson founded. While the city may be one of the largest in the country, San Antonio is only the 37th largest television market in the United States, according to Neilsen. During the beginning of the twentieth century, Albert Benjamin Simpson became closely involved with the growing Pentecostal movement. A second newspaper, the San Antonio Light, existed, but it went out of business in 1993. The unification of white and black movements led to the restructing of the Pentecostal Fellowship of North America to become the Pentecostal/Charismatic Churches of North America. The Express-News currently circulates as the largest newspaper service in South Texas. This unification occurred in 1998, again in Memphis, Tennessee. San Antonio has one major newspaper, the San Antonio Express-News, which has been in service since 1865.

In 1994, Pentecostals returned to their roots of racial reconciliation and proposed formal unification of the major white and black branches of the Pentecostal Church, in a meeting subsequently known as the Memphis Miracle. The old Sunset Station (http://www.sunset-station.com|) is now an entertainment venue owned by VIA and neighbored by the current station and the Alamodome. When the Pentecostal Fellowship of North America was formed in 1948, it was made up entirely of Anglo-American Pentecostal denominations. From there, the Sunset Limited travels west to Los Angeles and east to Orlando three times per week. This lasted until 1924, when the church split along racial lines (see Apostolic Faith Mission). San Antonio serves as the southern terminus for Amtrak's Texas Eagle train service, originating in Chicago. The first decade of Pentecostalism was marked by interracial assemblies, "...Whites and blacks mix in a religious frenzy,..." according to a local newspaper account. VIA also offers a special service to city events, including Spurs games and city parades, from its Park and Ride locations.

By the third week in April, 1906, the small but growing congregation had rented an abandoned African Methodist Episcopal Church at 312 Azusa Street and organized as the Apostolic Faith Mission. An extensive bus and trolley system is provided by the city's metropolitan transit system, VIA. (http://www.viainfo.net|) VIA offers 78 regular bus routes and four trolley routes, including express routes from downtown to the theme parks. On April 18, 1906, the Los Angeles Times ran a front page story on the movement. It has two terminals and is served by 12 airlines serving 28 destinations including 3 in Mexico. The attending pastor, William J. Seymour, also claimed that he was overcome with the Holy Spirit on April 12, 1906. The San Antonio International Airport is located in north central San Antonio, approximately eight miles from downtown. The expansion of the movement started with the Azusa Street Revival, beginning April 9, 1906 at the Los Angeles home of Edward Lee, who experienced what he felt to be an infilling of the Holy Spirit during a prayer session. The council hires a City Manager to serve as the City's chief administrator.

Parham left Topeka and began a revival ministry which led to a link to the Azusa Street Revival through William J. Seymour whom he taught in his school in Houston, although because Seymour was African American, he was only allowed to sit outside the room to listen. San Antonio politics is non-partisian. Representatives are paid $20 dollars a meeting, while the Mayor earns $4040 dollars a year. Parham, a minister of Methodist background, formulated the doctrine that tongues was the "Bible evidence" of the Baptism of the Holy Spirit. This includes 10 district representatives and 1 mayor to pass laws and establish policies for the city. Although the 1896 Shearer Schoolhouse Revival in Cherokee County, North Carolina might be regarded as a precursor to the modern Pentecostal movement, the commonly accepted origin dates from when Agnes Ozman received the gift of tongues (glossolalia) at Charles Fox Parham's Bethel Bible College in Topeka, Kansas in 1901. Voters elect 11 representatives. Modern Pentecostalism began around 1901. San Antonio operates on the council-manager form of government.

This same holds true for the Oneness Pentecostal towards trinitarian churches. Out of the total population, 24.3% of those under the age of 18 and 13.5% of those 65 and older are living below the poverty line. The major trinitarian Pentecostal organizations, however, including the Pentecostal World Conference and the Fellowship of Pentecostal and Charismatic Churches of North America, have condemned Oneness Theology as a heresy and refuse membership to churches holding this belief. 17.3% of the population and 14.0% of families are below the poverty line. They also believe that God has revealed Himself in different roles rather than three distinct persons. The per capita income for the city is $17,487. This is for their belief that the original Apostles baptized converts in the name of Jesus. Males have a median income of $30,061 versus $24,444 for females.

Oneness Pentecostals, are sometimes known as Jesus-Name, "Apostolics", or by their detractors as "Jesus only" Pentecostals. The median income for a household in the city is $36,214, and the median income for a family is $41,331. The largest Pentecostal Oneness denomination in the United States is the United Pentecostal Church. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there are 89.7 males. Some Pentecostal churches hold to "Oneness theology", which decries the traditional doctrine of the Trinity as unbiblical. For every 100 females there are 93.5 males. The idea that one is not saved unless one speaks in tongues is rejected by most major Pentecostal denominations. In San Antonio, 48% of the population are Males, and 52% of the population are Females.

Advocates say that the Pentecostal position aligns closely with Luke's emphasis in the book of Acts and reflects a more sophisticated use of hermeneutics. The median age is 32 years. Critics charge that this doctrine does not mesh well with what they believe to be Paul's criticism of the early Corinthian church for their obsession with speaking in tongues (see 1 Corinthians, chapters 12-14 in the New Testament). In the city the population is spread out with 28.5% under the age of 18, 10.8% from 18 to 24, 30.8% from 25 to 44, 19.4% from 45 to 64, and 10.4% who are 65 years of age or older. This, however, would be a minority perspective. Whites tend to settle on the North and Northwest side, Blacks generally on the East side, Hispanics in the West, Central and South sides. This would be the only case where a believer would be filled with the Holy Spirit, but not exhibit the so-called "initial physical evidence" of speaking in tongues. According to Texas.com, the current racial make up of San Antonio is: 32% non-Hispanic White, 7% African-American, 2% Asian, 1% Native American; 58% of the population is Hispanic.

Some ministers and members admit that a believer might be able to speak in tongues, but for various personal reasons (such as a lack of understanding) might not. There are 433,122 housing units at an average density of 410.3/km² (1,062.7/mi²). Most major Pentecostal churches also accept the corollary that those who don't speak in tongues have not received the blessing that they call "The Baptism of the Holy Spirit" (this claim is uniquely Pentecostal and is one of the few consistent differences from Charismatic theology). The population density is 1,084.4/km² (2,808.5/mi²). Speaking in tongues, also known as glossolalia, is the normative proof of the baptism with the Holy Spirit. There are 1,144,646 people, 405,474 households, and 280,993 families residing in the city. One of the most prominent distinguishing characteristics of Pentecostalism that separates it from Evangelicalism is its emphasis on the work of the Holy Spirit. According to the 2000 census, San Antonio is the 9th largest city in the United States and the third largest in Texas.

For the Pentecostal, the Scriptures are a primary reference point for communion with God and a template for reading the world. Note: These are averages provided from www.weather.com. Jackie David Johns, in his work on Pentecostal formational leadership, states that the Scriptures hold a special place in the Pentecostal worldview in that the Bible is held as a book in which the Holy Spirit is always active; to encounter the Scriptures is to encounter God. May, June and October have quite a bit of precipitation. Dr. The lowest recorded temperature ever was 0°F in 1949. Reason is esteemed as a valid conduit of truth, but Pentecostals do not limit truth to the realm of reason. The average coolest month is January.

Although Pentecostals are concerned with orthodoxy ("correct belief"), they are also concerned with orthopathy ("right affections") and orthopraxy ("right reflection or action"). The highest temperature ever to be recorded was 108°F in 1986. Pentecostals embrace a transrational worldview. In San Antonio, July is the average warmest month. While there is cross pollination with other movements, Pentecostals differ from Fundamentalists by placing more emphasis on personal spiritual experience and, in most cases, by allowing women in ministry. Monthly Averages (in degrees Fahrenheit):. Theologically, most Pentecostal denominations are aligned with Evangelicalism in that they emphasize the reliability of the Bible and the need for conversion to faith in Jesus. Only a few freezes occur each year and snow is almost unheard of.

Charismatic Christians, at least in the early days of the movement, tended to remain in their respective denominations. San Antonio's weather can be described as somewhat dry air, hot in the summer, cool in the winter, and rather comfortable in the spring and fall. Pentecostalism is similar to the Charismatic movement, but developed earlier and separated from the mainstream church. The city sits on the Balcones Escarpment. The Pentecostal movement within Protestant Christianity places special emphasis on the gifts of the Holy Spirit. The total area is 1.09% water. Al Sharpton - American politician, civil rights activist, and Pentecostal minister. 1,055.6 km² (407.56 mi²) of it is land and 11.7 km² (4.51 mi²) of it is water.

Andrea Mason - leader of the Family First Party of Australia in the Federal Election of 2004. According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 1,067.3 km² (412.07 mi²). Steve Fielding - Family First Party Leader and Senator from Victoria. San Antonio also has no shortage of establishments offering Texas style barbecue, and for the truly intrepid barbecue aficionado, a day trip to some of the more renowned barbecue pits and smokehouses of Central Texas is both necessary and easily manageable. Andrew Evans - Founder and most influential member of the Family First Party and Member of the South Australian Legislative Council. Beyond taking in the sights and sounds of San Antonio, tourists can sample some of its world famous Tex-Mex cuisine at the many fine restaurants located throughout the city. Stockwell Day - prominent Canadian politician. tall cowboy boots at North Star Mall.

Frederick Chiluba - former President of Zambia. Visitors can also experience something of the cowboy culture every February at the San Antonio Stock Show & Rodeo; year round, they can also see the 40 ft. John Ashcroft - former Attorney-General of the United States. Every April, San Antonio hosts Fiesta San Antonio, a 10-day celebration of the city's diverse cultures and of the heroes of the Battle of the Alamo and the Battle of San Jacinto, featuring over one hundred events held throughout the city. Luis & Aileen Torres - Pastors of Centro De Adoracion Nuevos Comienzos, Passaic, New Jersey, US. Other places of interest include Brackenridge Park (home of the San Antonio Zoo), the missions of the San Antonio Missions National Historical Park, the Witte Museum, the McNay Art Museum, SeaWorld of Texas, and the Six Flags Fiesta Texas theme park. Rev Mohan - Pastor New Life Assemblies Of God Church, chennai, India. The downtown area also features HemisFair Park (home of the Tower of the Americas and the Institute of Texan Cultures), La Villita, El Mercado, and the city's most widely recognized landmark, the Alamo.

Vincent Leoh [1957- ]- General Superintendent of the Assemblies of God of Malaysia; Senior Pastor of Glad Tidings Assembly of God, Petaling Jaya, Malaysia. Lined with numerous shops, bars, and restaurants as well as the Arneson River Theater, this attraction is transformed into an impressive festival of lights during the Christmas and New Year holiday period. Sophia Tan Luang Keng - Founding and Senior Pastor of Living Spring Fellowship, based in Singapore, Malaysia and Thailand. The jewel of the city is the Paseo del Rio, or River Walk, which meanders through the downtown area. Larry Schoonover is also Senior editor of the Apostolic Herald (http://apostolicherald.com). San Antonio is a popular tourist destination. Larry Schoonover - Senior Pastor of New Life Pentecostal Church (http://newlife-apostolic.com) in Puyallup, Washington. It was placed in its new location, three blocks south of the Alamo, over four days in 1985, and cost $650,000 to move.

Ouriel de Jesus - Senior Pastor of World Revival Church (http://www.godsrevival.com), the center of the revival in Boston, MA, and the president of the 70 some odd congregations planted by his ministry around the world. The Fairmont Hotel, built in 1906, is in the Guinness Book of World Records as one of the heaviest buildings ever moved intact. Brian Houston - Senior Pastor of Hillsong Church in Sydney, Australia. San Antonio is served by San Antonio International Airport. Wayne Hughes - Senior Pastor of the Takapuna Assembly of God, New Zealand. SBC Communications, Valero Energy Corp, United Services Automobile Association, Tesoro Petroleum Corp, Southwest Research Institute, H-E-B supermarkets and Clear Channel Communications are headquartered in San Antonio. In 2002, he conducted the largest known evangelistic crusade in history, in Lagos, Nigeria, attended by six million people. San Antonio is home to the state's first art museum (Marion Koogler McNay Art Museum).

Reinhard Bonnke (1941-) - German evangelist known for his huge crusades, mostly in Africa but also elsewhere. The city is home to Fort Sam Houston, Lackland Air Force Base, Randolph Air Force Base and Brooks City Base. Luis Cabral (1965-) - Portuguese evangelist, now based in New Zealand. Famous for its Riverwalk and the Alamo, the Spurs basketball team, the Tower of the Americas, and being home to SeaWorld and Six Flags theme parks, San Antonio is visited by 20 million tourists per year. Jack Hayford - Founding Pastor of Church on the Way in Van Nuys, California. Today, the Alamo is in the heart of downtown San Antonio. David Yonggi Cho (1936-) - Senior Pastor of the Yoido Full Gospel Church in Seoul, Korea. The Battle of the Alamo took place nearby in 1836, and eventually the town would grow to encompass the embattled mission.

Currently Associate Pastor of Times Square Church, New York. Originally founded by Canary Islanders in 1731 (although a small Indian community had already been established in the San Pedro Springs area called Yanaguana), San Antonio de Béxar was an early Spanish settlement in the Americas. David Wilkerson (1931-) - author of The Cross and the Switchblade and numerous other books. As of January 2005, it had an estimated population of 1,282,800, greater than that of Dallas; it is now ranked as the 8th largest city in the U.S. Ward. It is the county seat of Bexar County.⁶ As of the 2000 census, San Antonio had a resident population of 1,144,646, and was the ninth largest city in the United States and the third largest in Texas. M. state of Texas.

C. San Antonio is a city in the U.S. Jimmy Swaggart. The only thing missing is a grocery store! While the bus system (VIA Metropolitan Transit (http://www.viainfo.net)) is not ideal, it is far better than most mass transit systems in the US. Pat Robertson. Another benefit is that rush hour traffic is generally going in the opposite direction. Oral Roberts. It is surprisingly affordable to live in the downtown area, although there can be a waiting list for an apartment to open up.

Kathryn Kuhlman. Downtown has a growing residential population. Kenneth Hagin Sr. The southeastern suburb of China Grove has a song written and sung about it by the Doobie Brothers entitled "China Grove.". Kenneth Copeland. Inwood just inside Loop 1604 is where many newly upper class residences are located. Morris Cerullo. Castle Hills is another upscale community with houses dating around the 1950's era.

Dan Betzer. Castle Hills is a little further North, located around Loop 410 and Blanco. Jim Bakker. The city of Alamo Heights is populated with historically wealthy families. Gordon Fee - New Testament Scholar. The North Central side of San Antonio contains some of the most valuable residential property in the city. Rufus Hollis Gause (born 1925). The northeast suburb of Windcrest is known for its tradition of elaborately decorating homes with lights every Christmas.

Derek Prince (1915-2003) - probably the world's best-known Pentecostal theologian. It comprises parts of some twenty-two blocks with seventy-nine historic structures, most dating from the second half of the nineteenth century. Donald Gee (1891-1966). The King William Historic District is just south of the central business district of San Antonio. Rex Humbard (b.1919) The first successful TV evangelist of the mid 1950s, 1960s, and the 1970s and at one time had the largest television audience of any televangelist in the U.S. Its distinguished residential architecture, primarily from San Antonio's "Gilded Age," defined as extending from 1890 to 1930, forms the most extensive and intact neighborhood of this era in Texas. Oral Roberts (b.1918) Healing Tent Evangelist who made the transition to televangelism. The Monte Vista National Historic District is located one and a half miles north of downtown San Antonio and is home to approximately 3,000 people.

Allen (1911-1970) Healing Tent Evangelist of the 1950s and 1960s. On this strip, several bars can be found, such as Paparay's, Joey's, the Mix,Tycoon Flats, small coffee shops such as The Candlelight, and the latino-themed video bar, Arriba. A. Also in the area is the North Saint Mary's Strip, located to the east of main street. A. Away from downtown, a strip of Main Street near San Antonio College includes predominantly gay clubs, such as The Electric Company (for younger crowds), The Saint, The Silver Dollar Saloon (a country-western themed nightspot), and the Heat. Jack Coe (1918-1956) Healing Tent Evangelist of the 1950s. San Antonios Underground Hip Hop Culture is best represented by the Prhymemates Crew and infuses local clubs and bars with an urban feel through, DJing, Breakdancing, and MCing, that only a big city can evoke.

Branham (1909-1965) Healing Evangelists of the mid 20th century. Downtown San Antonio, away from the river, has several clubs, including the popular Coyote Ugly franchise bar, gay nightspot The Bonham Exchange, and the Rivercenter Comedy Club. William M. Notable clubs in this area include the Hard Rock Cafe, the DANCEPLEX (formerly Polly Esther's), Club RIVE/TABU and Dick's Last Resort. Kathryn Kuhlman (1907-1976) American female evangelist who brought Pentecostalism into the mainstream denominations. The Riverwalk is home to several night clubs, all with a 2am or later closing time, depending on what night it is. Aimee Semple McPherson(1890-1944) American Female Evangelist and organizer of the Four Square Gospel Church. San Antonio Spurs, National Basketball Association.

Seymour (1870-1922) Azusa Street Mission Founder. San Antonio Silver Stars, Women's National Basketball Association. William J. San Antonio Rampage, American Hockey League. Charles Fox Parham (1873-1929) Father of Modern Pentecostalism. San Antonio Missions, Texas League Minor league baseball. David du Plessis. Central Library Of San Antonio [10] (http://www.ci.sat.tx.us/LIBRARY/central/).

Smith Wigglesworth. Northside I.S.D [9] (http://nisd.net/). John Alexander Dowie (1848-1907). Also home to 6th Largest School District in the State. Australia: 0.4 million. Hallmark Institute Of Technology [8] (http://www.hallmarkinstitute.com). Papua New Guinea: 0.4 million. [7] (http://www.itt-tech.edu).

Oceania: 3.3 million