Arecaceae |
| Genera |
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| Many; see list of Arecaceae genera |
Arecaceae (also known as Palmae), the Palm Family, is a family of flowering plants, belonging to the monocot order, Arecales. There are 202 currently known genera with around 2,600 species, most of which are restricted to tropical or subtropical climates. Of all the families of plants, the Arecaceae is the most easily recognizable as distinct by most persons. The type member of this family is the areca palm, the fruit of which is chewed with the betel leaf and often confused with it. The Date Palm, Rattans, and Coconut also belong to this family. Palm oil is an edible vegetable oil produced by the oil palms in the genus Elaeis. Several species are harvested for heart of palm. Palm sap is sometimes fermented to produce palm wine. The Palm Sunday festival uses palms, hence the name.
Palms first appear in the fossil record around 70-80 million years ago, during the late Cretaceous Period.
Economically important genera include:
See list of Arecaceae genera for a complete listing.
Palm trees line Ocean Avenue in Santa Monica, California. Washingtonia filifera Fruit of Phoenix dactyliferaFew palms tolerate severe cold, and the majority of the species are tropical or subtropical. The three most cold-tolerant species are Trachycarpus fortunei, native to eastern Asia, and Rhapidophyllum hystrix and Sabal minor, both native to the southeastern United States. For more details, see hardy palms.
In the United States, different types of palm trees can be seen in tropical and mediterranean climate areas, such as Florida, (southern) California and Hawaii and along the Gulf Coast through southern Georgia, Mississippi, Alabama, and Louisiana to Texas. The southeastern state of South Carolina is nicknamed the Palmetto State because of the number of palms that line the state's Atlantic coast. Some palms can be grown as far north as Maryland, Arkansas, and even up along the Pacific coast to Oregon and Washington. There have even been known species of transplanted palms that have survived as far north as southern New Jersey [1]. The desert areas of Nevada, Arizona, Utah and New Mexico are also home to some native palms.
Southern Europe has two native palms, Chamaerops humilis (widespread, but mainly seen in Portugal, Spain, France, Italy and Malta) and Phoenix theophrastii (Crete; also southern Turkey). Many other palms are widely planted, with the Japanese Trachycarpus wagnerianus being grown successfully as far north as Iceland.
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Many other palms are widely planted, with the Japanese Trachycarpus wagnerianus being grown successfully as far north as Iceland. Many other graphic formats are used, including TIFF, PNG, GIF, and RAW. Southern Europe has two native palms, Chamaerops humilis (widespread, but mainly seen in Portugal, Spain, France, Italy and Malta) and Phoenix theophrastii (Crete; also southern Turkey). Digital photos can be stored in various file formats, of which JPEG is one of the most popular. The desert areas of Nevada, Arizona, Utah and New Mexico are also home to some native palms. As with many past ideas in consumer film formats, APS has become less popular and will be discontinued in the near future. There have even been known species of transplanted palms that have survived as far north as southern New Jersey [1]. APS was developed by several of the major film manufacturers to provide a "smart" film with different formats and computerized options available, though APS panoramas were created using a mask in panorama-capable cameras, far less desirable than a true panoramic camera which achieves its effect through wider film format. Some palms can be grown as far north as Maryland, Arkansas, and even up along the Pacific coast to Oregon and Washington. Since the 1990s, panoramic photos have been relatively easy for the general population to take on Advanced Photo System film. The southeastern state of South Carolina is nicknamed the Palmetto State because of the number of palms that line the state's Atlantic coast. Panoramic format Images can be taken by using special cameras like the Hasselblad Xpan on standard film. In the United States, different types of palm trees can be seen in tropical and mediterranean climate areas, such as Florida, (southern) California and Hawaii and along the Gulf Coast through southern Georgia, Mississippi, Alabama, and Louisiana to Texas. Black and white film is considerably easier to develop than colour. For more details, see hardy palms. Since then, color photography has dominated popular photography, although the black and white format remains popular for amateur photographers and artists. The three most cold-tolerant species are Trachycarpus fortunei, native to eastern Asia, and Rhapidophyllum hystrix and Sabal minor, both native to the southeastern United States. Although methods for developing color photos were available as early as the late 19th century, they did not become widely available until the 1940s or 50s, and even in until the 1960s most photographs were taken in black and white. Few palms tolerate severe cold, and the majority of the species are tropical or subtropical. Originally almost all photographs were black-and-white. See list of Arecaceae genera for a complete listing. Most photographs published in magazines are still originally taken on colour transparency film. Economically important genera include:. Slides are widely used by professionals mostly due to their sharpness and accuracy of colour rendition. Palms first appear in the fossil record around 70-80 million years ago, during the late Cretaceous Period. Another widely used film is the positive film used for producing transparencies, usually mounted in cardboard or plastic frames called slides. The Palm Sunday festival uses palms, hence the name. In the two-step process the film holds a negative image (colours and lights/darks are inverted), which is then transferred onto photographic paper as a positive image. Palm sap is sometimes fermented to produce palm wine. Most traditional photographs are produced with a two-step chemical process. Several species are harvested for heart of palm. Photographs can also be made by placing objects on photosensitive paper and exposing it to light (the result is often called a photogram) or by placing objects on the platen of a flatbed scanner (see scanner art). Palm oil is an edible vegetable oil produced by the oil palms in the genus Elaeis. Most photographs are made with a camera, which focuses the light onto either photographic film or a CCD or CMOS image sensor. The Date Palm, Rattans, and Coconut also belong to this family. The most common photographs are those created of reflected visible wavelengths, producing permanent records of what the human eye can see. The type member of this family is the areca palm, the fruit of which is chewed with the betel leaf and often confused with it. paper) created by collecting and focusing reflected rays electromagnetic radiation. Of all the families of plants, the Arecaceae is the most easily recognizable as distinct by most persons. A photograph (often shortened to photo) is an image (or a representation of that on e.g. There are 202 currently known genera with around 2,600 species, most of which are restricted to tropical or subtropical climates. Arecaceae (also known as Palmae), the Palm Family, is a family of flowering plants, belonging to the monocot order, Arecales. Moore, Jr. (Allen Press, Lawrence, Kansas). Genera palmarum: a classification of palms based on the work of Harold E. Dransfield (1987). Uhl, J. W. N. Berlin, Germany. Natürliches System des Pflanzenreichs..., 317. Schultz-Schultzenstein (1832). H. C. Washingtonia. Wallichia. Veitchia. Trachycarpus. Salacca - Salak. Sabal - Palmettos. Roystonea - Royal palm. Rhapis. Raphia - Raffia palm. Phoenix - Date palm. Orbignya. Jubaea - Chilean Wine palm and Coquito palm. Jessenia. Euterpe - Cabbage Heart palm, and Açaí palm. Elaeis - Oil palm. Copernicia - Carnauba wax palm. Cocos - Coconut. Calamus - Rattan palm. Borassus - Palmyra palm. Bactris. Attalea. Arenga. Areca. |