Nissan(Redirected from Nissan Motor)
Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. (日産自動車株式会社) (TYO: 7201) is a Japanese automobile maker. From 1932 to 1983, they also used the trademark Datsun. Their head offices are in the Ginza area of Chuo-ku, Tokyo, Japan. Nissan plans to move their headquarters to Yokohama, Kanagawa by 2010; the headquarters will start construction in 2007. Nissan used to be Japan's second-largest car company, after Toyota, but it has dropped to third in size after Honda. Due to financial problems throughout the 1990s (to the point where most believe an American company in a similarly bad financial state would have ceased trading), the French company Renault took a large shareholding in the company and installed Carlos Ghosn as president, the first non-Japanese person to run a Japanese car company (Mazda was run by an American, Mark Fields—and by Briton Lewis Booth — and Mitsubishi was run by a German, Rolf Eckrodt). Under Ghosn's "Nissan Revival Plan" (NRP), Nissan has rebounded in what many leading economists consider to be one of the most spectacular corporate turnarounds in history, catapulting Nissan to record profits and a dramatic revitalization of both its Nissan and Infiniti model line-ups. In 2001, the company initialed Nissan 180, capitalizing on the success of the NRP. Ghosn has since been idolized as a national hero in Japan as a symbol of the strength of the currently ailing Japanese economy, with Ghosn and the Nissan revival story prominently featured in Japanese manga and popular culture. His achievements in revitalizing the Japanese company have been noted by Emperor Akihito, who awarded him the Japan Medal with Blue Ribbon in 2004. Nissan is also noted for being one of the world's leading manufacturers of automobile engines, with its VG and VQ V6 engines appearing on "Ward's 10 Best Engines" for 11 straight years - every year since the award's inception. HistoryIn 1914, the Kwaishinsha Motorcar Works (快進自動車工場, Kaishin Jidōsha Kōjō), established three years earlier, in Azabu-Hiroo District in Tokyo, built the first DAT. The new car's name being the acronym of the company's partners' surnames:
The Works was renamed to Kwaishinsha Motorcar Co. in 1918, and again, in 1925, to DAT Motorcar Co. Nissan Model 70 Phaeton, 1938The next year, the Tokyo-based company merged with the Osaka-based Jitsuyo Jidosha Co., Ltd. (実用自動車製造株式会社, Jitsuyō Jidōsha Seikoku Kabushiki Gaisha) (established 1919) as DAT Automobile Manufacturing Co. Ltd. (ダット自動車製造株式会社, Dat Jidosha Seizo Kabushiki-Kaisha) in Osaka until 1932. In 1931, the first DATSON—meaning "Son of DAT"—was produced. However, the last syllable was changed to "sun", because "son" also means "loss" (損) in Japanese. In 1933, the company name was Nipponized to Jidosha-Seizo Co. Ltd. (自動車製造株式会社, "Automobile Manufacturing Co. Ltd.") and moved to Yokohama. The company became Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. (日産自動車, Nissan Jidosha Kaisha) on June 1, 1934, and was founded by Yoshisuke Aikawa. For two years (1947 to 1948) the company was briefly called Nissan Heavy Industries Corp. (日産重工業). Like Hino and Isuzu, but unlike Toyota, Nissan partnered with a European company to gain access to automobile and engine designs. Nissan chose Austin of the United Kingdom, which later became the British Motor Corporation. Nissan began building Austin 7s in 1930, though the legitimacy of their license is debated. The company soon began producing a variety of Austin-derived models like the original Austin A50-based Datsun 1000. These designs were apparently covered by a 1952-1960 license agreement between the companies. Even after the Nissan introduced its own models in the 1960s, its engines continued to be derived from Austin's A- and B-family designs. In 1966, Nissan merged with the Prince Motor Company, bringing into its range more upmarket cars, including the Skyline and Gloria. The Prince name was eventually abandoned, with successive Skylines and Glorias bearing the Nissan name - however, "Prince" is still used in names of certain Nissan dealers in Japan. Nissan would introduce a new luxury brand for the US market in the late 1980s called Infiniti. In the wake of the fuel crisis, Nissan became one of the world's largest exporters of automobiles and set up new factories in Mexico and Australia. The firm established assembly operations in the United States in the early 1980s, with a plant in Smyrna, Tennessee. This facility at first built only trucks, but has since been expanded to produce several car lines. An engine plant in Decherd, Tennessee followed, and most recently a second assembly plant in Canton, Mississippi. A plant in Sunderland, UK was added in the mid-1980s as the subsidiary Nissan Motor Manufacturing (UK) Ltd. However, financial difficulties in Australia in the late 1980s caused Nissan to cease production there. Nissan also produces cars at its factory near Pretoria, South Africa. The company's head office is now in Tokyo but will move back to Yokohama in 2010. ProductsNissan has produced an extensive range of mainstream cars and trucks, initially for domestic consumption but exported around the world since the 1950s. There was a major strike in 1953. It also produced several memorable sports cars, including the Z-car, an affordable sports car originally introduced in 1969; and the Skyline GT-R, a hugely-powerful all-wheel-drive sports coupe that is regarded by many as Japan's flagship supercar. Unfortunately, Nissan has been reluctant to sell most Skylines outside of Japan. Even still though, used imports of the sportier GTS and GT-R coupes have become popular in other right-hand-drive countries like Australia and Canada. In 1985, nissan created "NISMO", for competition & performance development of such cars. Nissan sells its luxury models in North America under the Infiniti brand. Nissan also sells a small range of keicars, mainly as a joint venture with other japanese car makers, f.e. Suzuki or Mitsubishi. Nissan does not develop these cars. Non-Automobile ProductsNissan has also had a number of ventures outside the automotive industry, most notably the Tu-Ka mobile phone service (est. 1994), which was sold to DDI and Japan Telecom in 1999.Also Nissan Marine who produces boat motors in a joint venture with Marubeni. Related articles
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1994), which was sold to DDI and Japan Telecom in 1999.Also Nissan Marine who produces boat motors in a joint venture with Marubeni. Whilst new releases of OpenOffice.org are relatively frequent, StarOffice follows a more conservative release schedule supposedly more suited to enterprise deployments. Nissan has also had a number of ventures outside the automotive industry, most notably the Tu-Ka mobile phone service (est. The principal differences between StarOffice and OpenOffice.org are that Sun supports it and it comes nicely packaged with extensive documentation, a wider range of fonts and templates and what Sun claims to be an improved dictionary and thesaurus. Nissan does not develop these cars. The current StarOffice product is a closed-source product based on OpenOffice.org. Suzuki or Mitsubishi. OpenOffice.org is designed to be compatible with Microsoft Office, is available on many platforms and widely used in the open source community. Nissan also sells a small range of keicars, mainly as a joint venture with other japanese car makers, f.e. Sun acquired the German software company StarDivision and with it StarOffice, which it released as the office suite OpenOffice.org under both GNU LGPL and the SISSL (Sun Industry Standards Source License). Nissan sells its luxury models in North America under the Infiniti brand. The Micro Edition (J2ME) is used to build software for devices with limited resources, such as mobile devices. In 1985, nissan created "NISMO", for competition & performance development of such cars. The Standard Edition (J2SE) of the API provides basic infrastructure and GUI functionality, while the Enterprise Edition (J2EE) is aimed at large software companies implementing enterprise-class application servers. Even still though, used imports of the sportier GTS and GT-R coupes have become popular in other right-hand-drive countries like Australia and Canada. The Java APIs provide an extensive set of library routines. Unfortunately, Nissan has been reluctant to sell most Skylines outside of Japan. In order to allow programs written in the Java language to be run on (virtually) any device, Java programs are compiled to byte code, which can be executed by any JVM, regardless of the environment. It also produced several memorable sports cars, including the Z-car, an affordable sports car originally introduced in 1969; and the Skyline GT-R, a hugely-powerful all-wheel-drive sports coupe that is regarded by many as Japan's flagship supercar. Since its introduction in late 1995, it has become one of the world's most popular programming languages. There was a major strike in 1953. The Java programming language is an object-oriented programming language. Nissan has produced an extensive range of mainstream cars and trucks, initially for domestic consumption but exported around the world since the 1950s. The design of the Java platform is controlled by the vendor and user community through the Java Community Process (JCP). The company's head office is now in Tokyo but will move back to Yokohama in 2010. The platform consists of three major parts, the Java programming language, the Java Virtual Machine (JVM), and several Java Application Programming Interfaces (APIs). Nissan also produces cars at its factory near Pretoria, South Africa. This positioning was never very successful and while browser-based applications have had considerable success in displacing compiled applications on the desktop, Java has never been an important part of the web-browser experience. However, financial difficulties in Australia in the late 1980s caused Nissan to cease production there. Java was initially promoted as a platform for client-side applets running inside the web browser. A plant in Sunderland, UK was added in the mid-1980s as the subsidiary Nissan Motor Manufacturing (UK) Ltd. While this objective has not been entirely achieved (prompting the riposte "Write once, debug everywhere"), Java is regarded as being largely hardware- and operating system-independent. An engine plant in Decherd, Tennessee followed, and most recently a second assembly plant in Canton, Mississippi. The Java platform, developed in the early 1990s was specifically developed with the objective of allowing programs to function regardless of the device they were used on, sparking the slogan "Write once, run everywhere". This facility at first built only trucks, but has since been expanded to produce several car lines. Backed with a massive class library Java programs can call upon a large set of GUI, mathematical and Internet access code that is tried and proven. The firm established assembly operations in the United States in the early 1980s, with a plant in Smyrna, Tennessee. The Java programming language took the best features from the then industry standard language C++ and removed nearly all of its bad or rather more difficult and dangerous features, such as pointers. In the wake of the fuel crisis, Nissan became one of the world's largest exporters of automobiles and set up new factories in Mexico and Australia. It has already released its newest OS, Solaris 10, under the open-source Common Development and Distribution License. Nissan would introduce a new luxury brand for the US market in the late 1980s called Infiniti. It has also announced plans to supply its Java Enterprise System (a middleware stack) on Linux. The Prince name was eventually abandoned, with successive Skylines and Glorias bearing the Nissan name - however, "Prince" is still used in names of certain Nissan dealers in Japan. Recently, Sun has offered Linux-based desktop software called Java Desktop System (originally code-named "Madhatter") for use both on x86 hardware and on Sun's Sun Ray thin-client systems. In 1966, Nissan merged with the Prince Motor Company, bringing into its range more upmarket cars, including the Skyline and Gloria. Blastwave compiles and packages open source software for Solaris machines, and has automated software consistency tracking, upgrading and completeing dependancies as part of the upload process. Even after the Nissan introduced its own models in the 1960s, its engines continued to be derived from Austin's A- and B-family designs. Though a late adopter, it has included Linux as part of its strategy, following several years of difficult competition and loss of server market share to Linux-based systems. These designs were apparently covered by a 1952-1960 license agreement between the companies. Sun is also known for community-based and open-source licensing of its major technologies. The company soon began producing a variety of Austin-derived models like the original Austin A50-based Datsun 1000. Sun offered a secure variant of Solaris called Trusted Solaris for releases before the current Solaris 10, which includes the same capabilities as part of the basic offering. Nissan began building Austin 7s in 1930, though the legitimacy of their license is debated. In 1992, along with AT&T, it integrated BSD UNIX and System V into Solaris, which as a result is based on UNIX SVR4. Nissan chose Austin of the United Kingdom, which later became the British Motor Corporation. Later in 1982 Sun provided a customized 4.1BSD UNIX called SunOS as an operating system for its workstations. Like Hino and Isuzu, but unlike Toyota, Nissan partnered with a European company to gain access to automobile and engine designs. The Sun 1 was shipped with Unisoft V7 UNIX. (日産重工業). All Sun systems have been based on UNIX systems which are well known for system stability and a consistent design philosophy. For two years (1947 to 1948) the company was briefly called Nissan Heavy Industries Corp. The company became Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. The laptop, called Ultra 3 Mobile Workstation, is based on Sun's Ultrasparc processor and running Solaris operating system. Ltd.") and moved to Yokohama. On June 26, 2005, Sun announced it would produce laptops. (自動車製造株式会社, "Automobile Manufacturing Co. If approved, the merger would create a company with approximately 39,000 employees. Ltd. On June 2, 2005, Sun announced it would purchase Storage Technology Corporation ("Storagetek") for US$4.1 billion in cash, or $37.00 per share. In 1933, the company name was Nipponized to Jidosha-Seizo Co. This was followed by net loss of $9 mln on GAAP basis for the third quarter 2005, as reported on April 14, 2005. However, the last syllable was changed to "sun", because "son" also means "loss" (損) in Japanese. In January 2005, Sun reported a net profit of $19 million for fiscal 2005 second quarter, for the first time in three years. In 1931, the first DATSON—meaning "Son of DAT"—was produced. Since most of Suns assets are intellectual property and reputation, this is a prudent financial stategy. (ダット自動車製造株式会社, Dat Jidosha Seizo Kabushiki-Kaisha) in Osaka until 1932. Sun chooses not to carry some forms of insurance (such as earthquake insurance). Ltd. The announced business model is the sale of support services on a variety of bases including per-employee and per-socket. (実用自動車製造株式会社, Jitsuyō Jidōsha Seikoku Kabushiki Gaisha) (established 1919) as DAT Automobile Manufacturing Co. Sun's positioning includes a commitment to indemnify users of some software from intellectual property disputes concerning that software. The next year, the Tokyo-based company merged with the Osaka-based Jitsuyo Jidosha Co., Ltd. Sun's software initiatives are increasingly making use of Open Source, most notably including Solaris via the OpenSolaris community. in 1918, and again, in 1925, to DAT Motorcar Co. This offering builds upon an existing 3,000-CPU server farm used for internal R&D for over 10 years, of which Sun claims to be able to achieve 97% utilization. The Works was renamed to Kwaishinsha Motorcar Co. In February 2005, Sun announced the Sun Grid, a grid computing deployment on which it offers utility computing services priced at $1 (US) per CPU/hour for processing and per GB/month for storage. The new car's name being the acronym of the company's partners' surnames:. To this end, it acquired Kaelia, a startup founded by original Sun founder Andy Bechtolsheim, which had been focusing on high-performance AMD-based servers. In 1914, the Kwaishinsha Motorcar Works (快進自動車工場, Kaishin Jidōsha Kōjō), established three years earlier, in Azabu-Hiroo District in Tokyo, built the first DAT. Finally, it has a strategic alliance with AMD to produce market-leading x86/x64 servers based on AMD's Opteron processor. . The company also announced a collaboration with Fujitsu to use the Japanese company's processor chips in some future Sun computers.
In 2001, the company initialed Nissan 180, capitalizing on the success of the NRP. It is notable that very high use services like eBay use Sun products for reliability reasons. Under Ghosn's "Nissan Revival Plan" (NRP), Nissan has rebounded in what many leading economists consider to be one of the most spectacular corporate turnarounds in history, catapulting Nissan to record profits and a dramatic revitalization of both its Nissan and Infiniti model line-ups. They reported benefits including substantially lower expenses (both acquisition and maintenance) and greater flexibility based on the use of open-source software. Due to financial problems throughout the 1990s (to the point where most believe an American company in a similarly bad financial state would have ceased trading), the French company Renault took a large shareholding in the company and installed Carlos Ghosn as president, the first non-Japanese person to run a Japanese car company (Mazda was run by an American, Mark Fields—and by Briton Lewis Booth — and Mitsubishi was run by a German, Rolf Eckrodt). Many companies (like E*Trade and Google) chose to build Web applications based on large numbers of the less expensive PC-class Intel-architecture servers running Linux, rather than a smaller number of high-end Sun servers. Nissan used to be Japan's second-largest car company, after Toyota, but it has dropped to third in size after Honda. In mid-2004, Sun ceased manufacturing operations at their Newark, California facility and consolidated all of the company's US-based manufacturing operations to their Hillsboro, Oregon facility, as part of continued cost-reduction efforts. Nissan plans to move their headquarters to Yokohama, Kanagawa by 2010; the headquarters will start construction in 2007. In 2002 the share price returned to the 1998 pre-bubble level, a pattern of escalation and decline comparable to other companies in the sector, and has hovered in the single digits since then. Their head offices are in the Ginza area of Chuo-ku, Tokyo, Japan. Multiple quarters of substantial losses and declining revenues have led to repeated rounds of layoffs, executive departures, and expense-reduction efforts. From 1932 to 1983, they also used the trademark Datsun. Much like Apple, Sun relied a great deal on hardware sales. Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. (日産自動車株式会社) (TYO: 7201) is a Japanese automobile maker. As online businesses closed and assests auctioned off a large amount of high-end Sun hardware was availible very cheaply. EPA 2004 fuel economy report (Nissan). The bursting of the bubble in 2001 was the start of a period of poor business performance for Sun, as the growth of online business failed to meet predictions sales dropped. List of Nissan engines. In response to this business growth, Sun expanded aggressively in all areas: head-count, infrastructure, and office space. List of Nissan vehicles. The share price in particular increased to a level that even the company's executives were hard-pressed to defend. Meitaro Takeuchi (竹内 明太郎 Takeuchi Meitarō). Some part of this was due to genuine expansion of demand for web-serving cycles, but another part was synthetic, fueled by venture capital-funded startups building out large, expensive Sun-centric server presences in the expectation of high traffic levels that never materialized. Rokuro Aoyama (青山 禄朗 Aoyama Rokurō). During the dot-com bubble, Sun experienced dramatic growth in revenue, profits, share price, and expenses. Kenjiro Den (田 健次郎 Den Kenjirō). Driven by the increased prominence of web-serving database-searching applications, blade servers (high density rack-mounted systems) were also emphasized. The Cray CS-6400 server line was transformed into the very successful Sun Enterprise 10000 mainframes. This transition was enabled by technology that was acquired from Silicon Graphics and Cray Research. In the late-1990s, as Sun's workstations were lagging in performance when compared to that of their competitors and especially to Wintel Personal Computers, the company successfully transformed itself to a vendor of large-scale Symmetric multiprocessing servers. None of these business initiatives were particularly successful. Sun also marketed a network computer (diskless workstation, as popularized by Oracle Corporation CEO Larry Ellison). In the mid-1990s, Sun acquired Diba and Cobalt Networks with the aim of building network appliances (single function computers meant for consumers). Currently, Sun is again selling x86 hardware and has introduced a version of Solaris for AMD64. An x86 port of Solaris has been available since then. For a short period in the late 1980s, they sold an Intel 80386–based machine, the Sun 386i. For the first decade of Sun's history, the company was predominately a vendor of technical workstations, competing successfully as a low-cost vendor during the Workstation Wars of the 1980s. Sun has had a difficult time keeping up with its competitors' processors' clock speed and computing power, but its customer base has been fairly loyal due to the popularity, and legendary stability, of its SunOS (and later Solaris) versions of Unix. Sun also has a second line of lower cost processors meant for low-end systems which included the MicroSparc-I, MicroSparc-II, UltraSparc-IIe, UltraSparc-IIi, and UltraSparc-IIIi. Sun has developed several generations of workstations and servers, including SPARC Station series, Sun Ultra Series and the Sun Fire series. Sun has implemented multiple high-end generations of the Sparc architecture, including Sparc-1, SuperSparc, UltraSparc-I, UltraSparc-II, UltraSparc-III, and currently UltraSparc IV. Starting with the Sun 4 line (SPARCstation 1 onwards), the company used its own processor family, SPARC, which employs an IEEE standard RISC architecture. Sun originally used the Motorola 68000 CPU family for the Sun 1 through Sun 3 computer series. The initial version of the logo had the sides oriented horizontally and vertically, but it was subsequently redesigned so as to appear to stand on one corner. Sun's logo, which features four interleaved copies of the word sun, was designed by professor Vaughan Pratt, also of Stanford University. Most recently, Jon Bosak led the creation of the XML specification at W3C. James Gosling led the team which developed the Java programming language. Sun was an early advocate of Unix-based networked computing, promoting TCP/IP and especially NFS, as reflected in the company's motto "The Network Is The Computer". Other Sun luminaries include early employees John Gilmore and James Gosling. Its founders were Vinod Khosla, Scott McNealy, Bill Joy (a primary developer of BSD Unix), and Andy Bechtolsheim; McNealy and Bechtolsheim remain at Sun. The company was incorporated in 1982 and went public in 1986. The company name SUN originally stood for Stanford University Network (which is reflected in the company's stock symbol, SUNW, which now stands for Sun Worldwide). The initial design for Sun's UNIX workstation was conceived when the founders were graduate students at Stanford University in Palo Alto, California. . The east branch is also owned by the company and is located in San Jose. Sun Microsystems is headquartered on the west campus of Agnews Developmental Area in Santa Clara, California, which was formerly an asylum. A wide choice of windowing systems are now offered, including Open source contributions. The pioneering OpenLook (Sun's own graphical user interface) was very stable but would now be considered minimalistic. From June 2005, Sun also produces laptops called Ultra 3 Mobile Workstation [1]. Sun's products include computer servers and workstations based on its own SPARC and AMD's Opteron processors, the Solaris and Linux operating systems, the NFS network file system, and the Java platform. Sun's manufacturing facilities are located in Hillsboro, Oregon and Linlithgow, Scotland. Sun Microsystems (Sun Microsystems, Inc.) is a computer, semiconductor and software manufacturer headquartered in Santa Clara, California, in Silicon Valley. Scott McNealy. Vinod Khosla. Bill Joy. Andy Bechtolsheim. Robert Drost, of 2004 Technology Review "Top 100 Top Young Innovators". Mike Sheridan, co-inventor of Java language. Patrick Naughton, Java language project initiator. James Gosling, co-inventor of Java language. |