Mitsubishi Eclipse

Mitsubishi Eclipses were featured prominently in the films Some (1995 Coupe), The Fast and the Furious (1999 Coupe), its sequel 2 Fast 2 Furious (2003 Spyder), and The Last Ride (2005 Coupe). For example, a bearing of northwest by north differs by one point from a northwest bearing, and by a point from a north-northwest one. Wind Deflector. A "point" is defined as one eighth of a right angle, and therefore equals exactly 11.25 degrees. Automatic climate control. Galileo is a competing system, that will be placed into service by the European Union. Aluminum pedals. It relies on a slightly different geodesic model of the Earth.

Heated side mirrors. GLONASS is a positioning system launched by the Soviet Union. Heated front seats. The GPS system now permits accurate geographic location with an error of only a few metres, and precision timing to less than a microsecond. 6-way power driver's seat. In 1974, the first GPS satellite was launched. Leather front seating surfaces. Other radionavigation systems include:.

Options Include - GT Premium Sport Package: 18" Alloy wheels. It was the first electronic navigation system to provide global coverage. Options Include- Premium Sport Package with 18-inch seven-spoke alloy wheels, leather front seating surfaces, a power sunroof, an eight-way-adjustable (six power) driver's seat, alloy pedals, heated front seats, heated door mirrors, automatic dimming rear-view mirror, air-conditioning and a 650-watt (max.) Rockford Fosgate® audio system with nine speakers, including a ten-inch trunk-mounted subwoofer, a 6-CD/MP3-compatible in-dash changer, and steering wheel-mounted audio controls, and a five piece body kit. At about the same, TRANSIT, the first satellite-based navigation system was developed. Outside temperature indicator and compass in center dash display. An analogous system for aircraft, VHF omnidirectional range and DME, was developed around the same time. Heated side mirrors. It revolutionized navigation by permitting semiautomated equipment to locate geographic positions to less than a half mile (800 m).

Heated front seats. This used time-of-flight of radio waves from antennas at known locations. Options Include - GS Deluxe Leather Package: Leather front seating surfaces. Around 1960, LORAN was developed. Boasting nine speakers including a 10-inch trunk-mounted subwoofer, a 6-CD in-dash changer, and steering wheel-mounted audio controls, the package also includes a center display with outside temperature and compass readings and an electrochromic rear-view mirror, and a five piece body kit. Up until 1960 it was commonplace for ships and aircraft to use radio direction-finding on commercial stations in order to locate islands and cities within the last several miles of error. Options Include- Sun & Sound package with a power sunroof is paired with a 650-watt (max.) Rockford Fosgate® audio system. In the late 19th century Nikola Tesla invented radio and direction-finding was quickly adapted to navigation.

The models and standard / optional equipment:. Later, mechanical chronometers enabled navigation at sea and in the air using relatively unskilled procedures. 4th Gen (2006-present) cars:. A number of scientific journals during this period were started especially to chronicle geography. The Eclipse was available in seven trim levels: GS, GS Spyder, GT, GT Spyder, and SE. These methods were too complex to be used by any but skilled astronomers, but they sufficed to map most of the world. The fourth-generation Spyder (convertible) Eclipse will be released for the 2006 model year at the North American International Auto Show. At first, the best available "clocks" were the moons of Jupiter, and the calculated transits of selected stars by the moon.

The V6 produces 263 hp and 260 ft.lbf. Modern sextants measure to 0.2 minutes of arc, an error that translates to a distance of about 0.2 nautical miles (400 m). Like the 2004 Galant, the new Eclipse is FWD only. This eliminates the "cosine" error of an astrolabe's short pointer. Features of the new model include a 263 hp (193.9 kW) 3.8 L MIVEC V6 and a 165 hp (123 kW) 2.4 L I4, both derived from the 2004+ Mitsubishi PS platform family, with which the Eclipse shares many mechanical components. Thus, its "pointer" is as long as the horizon is far away. Details of the fourth generation Eclipse were revealed during late 2003 and 2004, and the car was shown at the 2005 Detroit Auto Show. A sextant uses mirrors to measure the altitude of celestial objects with regard to the horizon.

This time, the Chrysler version is the Chrysler Sebring coupe, and the Dodge version is the Dodge Stratus SE/RT coupe. In 1730 the sextant was invented and navigators rapidly replaced their astrolabes. The AWD transmission available in prior versions was discontinued, ostensibly due to high cost and poor sales. Starting in 1670, the entire world was measured using essentially modern latitude instruments and the best available clocks. Turbo modifications are offered by many aftermarket companies, such as Tearstone Performance Solutions *Tearstone. After Isaac Newton published the Principia, navigation was transformed. It’s displacement is more by .4L which makes it more powerful in NA form and has proven to be quite durable)4G64 in some versions and a V6 6G72 in others. Diptychs remained in use during the day, until shadowing astrolabes were constructed.

The 4G64 is very similar to the 4G63 sharing many of the same low end components. Around 400, metallurgy allowed construction of astrolabes graduated in degrees, which replaced the wooden latitude instruments for night use. The 4G63 was replaced by the less powerful and less durable (This is misleading. This let masters continue sailing a course when the weather limited visibility of the sky. 3rd generation: The Eclipse underwent a change into its current generation in 1999. Some time later, around 300, the magnetic compass was invented in China. ABS was also available on the non-turbo models. Using these techniques, masters successfully sailed from the eastern Mediterranean to the south coast of the British Isles.

The AWD turbo versions came with a brake upgrade to dual piston calipers and thicker rotors. The above instruments were a powerful technology, and appear to have been the technique used by ancient Cretan bronze-age trading empire. The turbo motors had an increase in compression ratio to 8.5:1 (from 7.8:1). These were often crucial trade secrets, because they enabled travel to lucrative ports. The 4G63/4G64 motors retain the balance shafts for smoother operation, while the 420A does not use them. The most important instrument was a navigators' diary, later called a rutter. All have iron blocks with aluminum cylinder heads. Time-keeping was by precision hourglasses, filled and tested to 1/4 of an hour, turned by the helmsman, or a young boy brought for that purpose.

All motors are in-line 4-cylinder gasoline engines. Most sailors could use this instrument to take sun sights, but master navigators knew that sightings of Polaris were far more accurate, because they were not subject to time-keeping errors involved in finding noon. AWD models had a similar transmission to the 1G car. Latitude was determined with a "cross staff" an instrument vaguely similar to a carpenter's angle with graduated marks on it. The 420A-powered cars had the engine mounted on the right side of the car, and further back in the chassis. This was placed in front of the helmsman. The Mitsubishi motors are mounted in the same orientation as for the 1G cars. Another early invention was the compass rose, a cross or painted panel of wood oriented with the pole star or diptych.

The basic driveline layout of the Eclipse is a transverse-mounted 4-cylinder Chrysler 420A, Mitsubishi 4G64 or 4G63 engine. Basically, when the diptych's two sundials indicated the same time, the diptych was aligned to the current latitude and true north. It used a normally-aspirated Mitsubishi 4G63 motor, similar to what was available in the 1G. When combined with a plumb bob, some diptychs could also determine latitude. There was a unique version of the 2G Eclipse sold in some European countries. Most sailors have always been able find absolute north from the stars, which currently rotate around Polaris, or by using a dual sundial called a diptych. There were similar alterations to the styling of the Talon as there was for the Eclipse. In the West, navigation was at first performed exclusively by dead-reckoning, the process of estimating one's present position based on the navigators' experience with wind, tide and currents.

The Eagle Talon saw its production end in 1998 when Eagle went out of business. This can be accomplished using low-cost quartz clocks because the satellites send time correction signals to the GPS receivers. The Talon was available in four trim levels, Base, ESi, TSi and TSi AWD. GPS uses 3D trilateration based on measuring the time-of-flight of radio waves using the well-known speed of light to measure distance from at least three satellites. The rear bumper cap was altered and had the reverse lights moved away from their original central position, presumably to reduce the 'ponderous-ness' or the rear view of the car. A third source along with dead-reckoning will generally resolve to a single position. The driving lights became smaller and round. Signals from these two point establish a hyperbolic curve for possible positions.

The slightly reshaped headlights acquired black areas internally. The LORAN system is based on measuring the phase shift of radio waves sent simultaneously from a master and slave station. The front grille opening was made less 'classic' and more 'aggressive' with regards to the radiator opening. Inexpensive plastic sextants are available, though they have less accuracy than the more expensive metal models. There was a freshening of the style for the 1997 model year. Some sextants create an artificial horizon by reflecting a bubble. The models had different trim accoutrements:. When the image of the star touches the horizon, the angle can be read from the sextant's scale.

2nd Gen (95-99) cars:. An arm moves a split image of the star relative to the split image of the horizon. The Eclipse was available in seven trim levels: Base(Only available in 1996.5 {mid-model year}), RS, GS, GS Spyder, GS-T, GS-T Spyder, and GSX. During a sight, the user's view of the star and horizon remains steady as the boat rocks. The Talon was dropped in 1998. The angle is measured with a special optical instrument called a "sextant." Sextants use two mirrors to cancel the relative motion of the sextant. The non-turbo motor was a version of the Chrysler Neon engine, manufactured by Chrysler and delivered to and installed at the Diamond Star Motors facility. Winding the chronometers was a crucial duty of the navigator.

The turbocharged motor was a more powerful version of the previous one (210 hp vs 195 hp). Traditionally, three chronometers are kept in gimbals in a dry room near the center of the ship, and used to set a watch for the actual sight, so that the chronometers themselves do not risk exposure to the elements. New to the line was a convertible model, the Spyder. If it is worn constantly, keeping it near body heat, its rate of drift can be measured with the radio, and by compensating for this drift, a navigator can keep time to better than a second per month. The second generation car maintained the market focus of the 1G car, but had a major update in styling and had different engines between trim levels. A quartz wristwatch normally keeps time within a half-second per day. The Eclipse Turbo was on Car and Driver magazine's Ten Best list for 1989 through 1992. Time is measured with a chronometer, a quartz watch or a shortwave radio broadcast from an atomic clock.

9.0 in the naturally aspirated version) and oil squirters under the pistons in order to better cope with the stress and extra heat caused by forced induction. Accurately knowing the time of an observation is important. The turbocharged version of the 4G63 (sometimes referred to as the 4G63T) is equipped with a lower compression ratio (7.8 vs. Most navigation is performed with the sun and moon. The 4G63 is composed of an iron engine block and aluminum cylinder head and is equipped with balance shafts for smooth operation. The numerous celestial objects permit navigators to shoot through holes in clouds. The 4G37 and 4G63 engines are both in-line 4-cylinder gasoline engines. The math required for sight reduction is simple addition and subtraction, if sight-reduction tables are available.

AWD models have a different transmission which includes a limited-slip center differential and output shaft for a transfer case, which drives the rear differential (also available as limited-slip) and half-shafts. Usually the navigator knows his position well enough to pick which of the two intersections is the current position. The basic driveline layout of the Eclipse is a transverse-mounted 4-cylinder Mitsubishi 4G37 or 4G63 engine situated on the left-hand side of the car driving an automatic or manual transmission on the right-hand side. A second sighting on a different object establishes an intersecting ring. The Eclipse GSX, for example, was sold with different plastic body cladding than the base Eclipse. Conceptually, the angle to the celestial object establishes a ring of possible positions on the surface of the Earth. These models varied significantly in drive trains, available options, and—to an extent—appearance. From a single sight, a time within a second and an estimated position, a position can be determined within a third of a mile (500 m).

Turbo models with automatic transmissions were equipped with smaller turbochargers and fuel injectors, and were rated for 180 hp for all years.. In modern celestial navigation, a nautical almanac and trigonometric sight-reduction tables permit navigators to measure the Sun, Moon, visible planets or any of 57 navigational stars at any time of day or night. * 1990 manual transmission turbocharged models were rated at 190 hp, whereas 1991 and later manual transmission turbo models were rated for 195hp. Once accurate clocks were available, detailed tables for celestial bodies were created so that navigational activities could take place anytime during the day or night, rather than at noon. AWD models were not available until halfway through the first model year. The need for accurate navigation led to the development of progressively more accurate clocks. The Eclipse was available in four trim levels during its first-generation production run. The difference of longitude is determined knowing that the sun moves to the west at 15 degrees per hour.