Cannabis (drug)

Increasingly, many jurisdictions also permit cannabis use for medicinal purposes. Its format is unknown, but it is already said it will be far different from the network's previous game show offering, Win Ben Stein's Money. By effectively removing the user from the criminal justice system, decriminalization focuses more on those who traffic and sell the drug on the black market. Comedy Central has announced that they have inked a deal for Ken to host a new game show on their network, likely to begin in the autumn of 2005. Many jurisdictions have also decriminalized possession of small quantities of cannabis, so that it is punished by confiscation and/or a fine, rather than imprisonment. Also starring Dennis Haysbert, the advertisements parody a typical Final Jeopardy! situation, and parody Ken's usual style of guessing at answers by having him answer the question in a humorous, over-the-top inquisitive fashion. Since the twentieth century, most legal jurisdictions of the world have laws against the cultivation, use, possession, or transfer of cannabis (and these laws impact adversely of course on the herb's cultivation for non-drug purposes) but there are many regions where certain circumstances of cannabis handling are legal or licensed and others where laws against its use, possession, or sale are not enforced. Ken Jennings also is appearing on commercials for Allstate Insurance.

Main article: Legal issues of cannabis. The first of these commercials, portraying Jennings as having lots of "friends & family" (coming out of the woodwork, because he is now "stinking rich") started airing in February, 2005. In addition, users note an improved ability to distinguish subtle characteristics of flavor and aroma, in absence of lighter gas fumes or burnt matter. The SBC Communications and BellSouth joint venture Cingular Wireless LLC has signed Jennings to appear in commercials. As a result, some users claim to experience subtly different effects when using cannabis in this way. Ken himself appeared in the commercial. By contrast, vaporization may preserve some of these cannabinoids, although the concentrations of the various cannabinoids may be disparate to those in smoked cannabis. University Games is also producing a Can you Beat Ken? board game to be released in approximately May of 2005.

It is worth noting that the effects of combustion break down many of the cannabinoids present in cannabis to varying degrees when smoked. He is also engaged in speaking deals through the Massachusetts-based speakers agency, American Program Bureau (http://www.apbspeakers.com/themes/DefaultView/Site?aspx?PAGE=HOME). With this method, the user does not inhale as many toxic chemicals that are byproducts of combustion and so may be less harmful. Jennings has also agreed to a deal with Microsoft to promote their Encarta encyclopedia software, and has signed a deal with Bertelsmann AG for a book to be published through one of their book divisions in 2005. Usually with a vaporizer, cannabis can be heated to a temperature at which the active ingredients are released into gaseous form with little or no burning of the plant material. Jennings accepted the offer, and in another news story (http://www.tvbarn.com/ticker2004/archives/028052.shtml), H&RB officials reported that they had offered similar services to other individuals in the past. See Cooking with cannabis external links below. According to H&RB statements, Jennings could pay over $1.045 million alone in taxes, more than any quiz show contestant.

They contain little THC. H&R Block, the firm named in the answer he 'missed', announced in a press release (http://www.hrblock.com/presscenter/pressreleases/pressRelease.jsp?PRESS_RELEASE_ID=1245) that they were offering him a deal for free tax preparation and financial services for the rest of his life. The seeds of the plant, high in protein and fatty acids, can also be roasted and eaten. Jennings’ success has resulted in him being a popular individual amongst corporations looking for public endorsers. The tea is, however, reputed to be a tasty and relaxing drink.
. Contrary to popular belief, Cannabis Tea does not contain significant amounts of THC, because THC, along with the other cannabinoids, is highly insoluble in water, but readily dissolves into the fats and alcohol. By finishing second ahead of Vered, Jennings not only tied Lygo's 150 opponents defeated record, but joined Rutter as the only two American game show contestants to top $3 million (US) in total winnings.

Preparing cannabis for oral consumption must be done with fats or alcohol. The winner of the tournament and $2 million prize was Brad Rutter, with a total of $62,000 earned over the three days. Still, it usually takes more than an hour for the effects to set in, as opposed to smoking, where it takes but a few minutes. Jerome Vered finished with a total of $20,600 for third place. As with other drugs that are taken orally, it is sometimes customary to fast before taking the drug to increase the effect (possibly because an empty stomach will absorb the drug faster so it 'hits' you more strongly). In the final, Jennings faced off against Jerome Vered and Brad Rutter in a three day tournament for $2 million ($500,000 for 2nd place and $250,000 for third place). After the three days, Ken Jennings finished in 2nd place with a tally of $34,599. Infusion in drinks containing milk and flavoring herbs is also possible, and more common in India. If Jennings won the three-day final, he would have broken Lygo's record.

Common preparations involve blending with butter that is used in preparing brownies, fudge or cookies. During his original run, Jennings defeated 149 opponents. It takes some experience for one to regulate the dose. In the Ultimate Tournament of Champions, Jennings had a chance to break Lygo's record of defeating 150 opponents. It is thought that the active component of cannabis, delta- 9 THC, is converted to the more psychoactive delta-11 THC in the liver. After Jennings' 75th show, he tied Lygo's record of 75 consecutive appearances and, with 74 wins, he almost reached Lygo's record of 75 consecutive game show wins. The effects of the drug take longer to begin, but last longer and may be more physical rather than mental. Ian Lygo appeared on the British game show 100% 75 consecutive times and won every game until he was forced to retire by the show's producers.

With this method, some claim that more cannabis must be used. Jennings broke almost every game show record in his run. Cannabis may be orally consumed by blending it with alcohol or fats. Oddly, however, during the 74th game, which aired on Monday, November 29, Gilbert resumed announcing the number of games. The most common method of cannabis consumption is by smoking a hit through one of several classes of devices:. To make it more difficult for viewers to keep track of Ken's progress towards his final episode, in early September 2004 the show's announcer, Johnny Gilbert, ceased mentioning the number of games that Jennings had won, as had been the show's custom. However, some people in the studio audience reported that he was still announcing them, possibly meaning those parts had been edited out of the airing. They differ in their appearance and the highs they produce. The reasoning behind the early airing was reportedly due to a technician running the wrong tape.

These include Cannabis sativa, Cannabis indica, and Cannabis ruderalis, the latter containing somewhat less THC. In an interesting turn of events, the 75th episode was aired early in the Macon, Georgia area (on WMAZ-TV, see here (http://www.freep.com/entertainment/tvandradio/tv1e_20041201.htm)) on Friday, November 26, 2004. There are also three different species of Cannabis. Later on, it was determined that Ken Jennings did indeed lose as initially reported with the failing episode shown in most cities across North America on Tuesday, November 30, 2004. Cannabis is prepared for human consumption in several forms:. Despite this, Jeopardy! refused to comment. Many individuals also consider their use of cannabis to be spiritual regardless of organized religion. A few days later, another rumor spread giving out an incorrect first name of the contestant that had beat him.

This claim is founded on the Hebrew reference to "kanehbosm" (aromatic hemp), which has however been translated variously by other sources as meaning calamus or even cinnamon. The etymological significance aside, calamus and cinnamon are not known to produce the kinds of spiritual experiences associated with anointment. (Jeopardy! tapes five shows per day.) This incident was reported by TV Week and the Associated Press, appearing in hundreds of newspapers across the United States. Some have contended that the Old Testament book of Exodus at 30:23 included cannabis as one of the ingredients in the holy anointing oil which was to be used by Jewish priests. In a rumor (http://www.kottke.org/04/09/some-ken-jennings-news) disclosed on Wednesday, September 8, 2004, two sources who were at the taping on September 7, 2004 reported that Jennings had lost on his 75th episode, taped the day before, with total winnings at around $2.5 million. In this way Rastafarians believe that cannabis brings the user closer to Jah. Jennings' adjusted total of $37,500 puts him ahead of that mark. Thus the Rastafarians come together to smoke marijuana in order to discuss the truth with each other, reasoning it all out little by little through many sessions. Four contestants finished with scores of $30,000 or higher in the pre-doubling era, led by Jerome Vered's score of $34,000.

They see cannabis as having the capacity to allow the user to penetrate the truth of how things are much more clearly, as if the wool had been pulled from the eyes of the former non-user. Jennings's top score of $75,000 is the highest ever, even if it is adjusted for the seasons before the clue values were doubled. The use of cannabis, and particularly of large pipes called "chalices", is an integral part of what Rastafarians call Reasoning sessions. Jennings has reached the $50,000 mark eleven times, with wins of $75,000, $55,099, $52,000 (three times), and $50,000 (six times). Rastafarians claim to know that cannabis is the Tree of Life mentioned in the Bible. Bob Marley, amongst many others, said, "the herb [ganja] is the healing of the nations". Myron Meyer won $50,000 on September 5, 2002, and Brian Weikle won $52,000 on April 14, 2003. It is not known when or why the Rastafarians made cannabis into something sacred, though it is clear that by the late 1940s Rastafari was associated with cannabis smoking at the Pinnacle community of Leonard Howell. Prior to Jennings's run, the $50,000 mark had only been reached twice before.

The most famous religious group to use cannabis in a spiritual context are the Rastafari movement, though they are by no means the only group. Jennings now also holds most of the top spots in the list of highest single day winnings on Jeopardy!. Cannabis has a long history of spiritual use, especially in India, where it has been used by wandering spiritual sadhus for centuries. If winnings are further adjusted to make them comparable to the seasons before the clue values were doubled, Jennings's adjusted total of $78,000 would place him 11th in the Trebek era of Jeopardy!, behind Frank Spangenberg ($102,597) and nine others. See section History for information on historic and other medical use. No other Jeopardy! contestant has won more than $150,000 in non-tournament play in the first five days. THC has also been found to reduce arterial blockages.[2] (http://www.nature.com/news/2005/050404/full/050404-7.html) A sublingual spray derived from an extract of cannabis has also been approved for treatment of multiple sclerosis in Canada as the prescription drug Sativex. The previous record holder, Tom Walsh, won $184,900 in seven days, but only $118,100 of that came in the first five days.

A synthetic version of the active ingredient in cannabis, THC, is readily available in the form of a pill as the prescription drug Marinol. Sean Ryan was the first to break the record, winning six games in October 2003. The medical use of cannabis is politically controversial, but it is sometimes recommended informally by physicians. Jennings won US$156,000 in his first five days on Jeopardy!, so if the five-day rule had not been eliminated, he would still be the all-time non-tournament winner in Jeopardy! history. It is also used to relieve glaucoma and certain neurological illnesses such as epilepsy ,migraine and bipolar disorder. Comprehensive game summaries for each day of Ken Jennings' streak have been compiled here. Medically, cannabis is most often used as an appetite stimulant and pain reliever for certain terminal illnesses such as cancer and AIDS. With three consecutive losses in the Ultimate Tournament of Champions in addition to the loss in his previous Jeopardy appearance, Jennings has now lost four episodes in a row.

Main article: Medical marijuana. Jennings also holds the record for the number of consecutive losses on Jeopardy. While some studies have demonstrated a correlation between cannabis use and lung cancer, this might primarily indicate only that cannabis use may correlate with tobacco use, and more objective scientific attention is needed to separate these and other factors in order to better understand the potential long-term physiological effects of cannabis use itself. Jennings' current total of US$3,022,700 could be increased to US$3,272,700 if he wins the next Tournament of Champions for the season in which his streak ended, thus retaking the title of highest total winnings on Jeopardy or any other game show. [1] (http://ehp.niehs.nih.gov/docs/2000/108-10/correspondence.html#thc) Furthermore, the concentration of toxic and carcinogenic additives such as nicotine, arsenic, and radium-226, is substantially greater in tobacco cigarettes than in cannabis.
The following records, having been set by Ken Jennings, have now been broken by others:. However, the average cannabis user smokes less frequently, and there is evidence that cannabinoids present in cannabis may actually serve to protect against cancer. Jennings bested 149 opponents during his tenure.

Some cannabis smokers inhale the smoke more deeply and hold it in their lungs for a longer period of time. ** In 100%, Lygo faced two opponents per game. Studies have pointed out that cannabis produces more tar and burns at a higher temperature than tobacco. * Lygo was forced to retire by producer RTL Group. These effects are particularly apparent with repeated and prolonged use. Three game show records remained that Jennings did not tie or break:. Any time you inhale smoke, the respiratory system is adversely affected. He also tied the following records:.

In some ways, the effects of smoking cannabis are similar to the effects of smoking any substance. During his streak, Jennings broke the following records:. In Jamaica, cannabis is often called wisdom weed, and in India, it has long been seen in this way. During his Jeopardy! appearances, Jennings became known for several quirky behaviors:. It can be used to increase mental performance and concentration, and give insights into the nature of how things are. Harry Friedman, Executive Producer of the show, said in the release, "The 2003 rule change, which allows Jeopardy! players to keep playing until they're defeated, raised the question about how other five-time champions might have played under this rule. This tournament is an opportunity to give those past champions another chance to shine." On May 25, Ken Jennings finished second in the Ultimate Tournament of Champions, winning half a million dollars but has been replaced as the number one overall winner of money on a gameshow by Brad Rutter, the two million dollar winner of the Ultimate Tournament of Champions. Some claim that extended use of cannabis may help a human reach a higher level of mental consciousness and clarity, expanding the mind and helping individuals become more aware, insightful and intelligent. The three-day finals concluded the event on May 23, May 24, and May 25.

Though cannabis has been used for thousands of years, and has been increasingly popular in the west since the sixties it is only since the nineties that the link between cannabis and psychosis has been identified. The tournament was taped in early 2005 and the tournament began airing on February 9. On the other hand, many people with pronounced psychological disorders, especially schizophrenia and depression, often self-medicate their illness with cannabis in place of potent main-stream drugs like antipsychotics, due to cannabis's relatively low side effects and calming physiological effects that alleviate symptoms. Guaranteed prize money will be offered to all contestants. Rather, cannabis may trigger latent conditions or be part of a complex coordination of causes, referred to as the diathesis-stress model in psychology. The Ultimate Tournament of Champions offered a substantial purse, with a grand prize of $2,000,000 to the winner, $500,000 for second, and $250,000 for third. There is an increasing correlation in some people between cannabis use and psychosis, schizophrenia, and clinical depression, but there is no evidence that cannabis use causes these illnesses. This equaled a total of 145 players, including Jennings.

However, subtle impairment of complex cognitive function may persist even after long periods of abstinence in some of the users who suffered from decreased cognitive performance in the first place. It featured Tournament of Champions Champions, College Championship, and Teen Tournament winners from the show's 21-year run, as well as over 100 undefeated five-time champions. In some people, cannabis use appears to cause significant medium-term decreases in cognitive performance, but performance on general intelligence and cognitive tests returns to "normal" in those people affected in this way within weeks of abstinence depending on the level of use. On December 28, 2004, Sony sent out press release announcing their 15-week, 75-show, Jeopardy! Ultimate Tournament of Champions. In particular, because THC has a very long half-life, working its way out of the body slowly over many days, it thereby obviates severe withdrawal effects seen in other substances. Work on the series will begin summer 2005 with a launch date set for late 2005 or 1st qtr 2006. However, because cannabis is a peculiar psychedelic that is unlike typical depressant or stimulant drugs, these persistent effects are unlike those normally associated with physical dependence. According to Comedy Central execs, Jennings would co-host and participate but would not elaborate any further on the show’s format.

(DEA, 2004) Yet, many animal and human studies conducted since the 1970s have revealed a cannabis withdrawal syndrome in some people after abstinence from heavy use which is usually characterized by several days of anxiousness, sleeplessness or more vivid, memorable dreams (REM rebound), irritability, and diminished appetite after cessation of use. According to Variety.com (‘Trivia titan gets series’, 5/23/05) Ken Jennings and Michael Davies (Who Wants to be a Millionaire & Win Ben Stein's Money) are teaming up as executive producers on a new game show format for Comedy Central. Although use may become habitual, the extent of physical dependence to cannabis is unknown. Combined with a ten percent tithe, this would leave him approximately $1,230,430 to use for other purposes. When subjects who use only cannabis are combined in the same sample with subjects who use other drugs, an experiment could not conclude that its findings are indicative of an effect of the use of cannabis rather than an effect of the use of other drugs, or an effect of a complex combination of cannabis with other drugs. H&R Block senior vice president David Byers estimated that Jennings would owe approximately $1.04 million in taxes on his winnings. The most significant confounding factor in determining long-term effects is the use of other drugs by test subjects in studies of cannabis use. Taking advantage of its fame over the crucial clue, H&R Block offered Jennings free financial services for the rest of his life.

Many old studies which purported to demonstrate such effects were deeply flawed, with strong bias and poor methodology. Jeopardy! contestants typically receive their winnings approximately 120 days after their last game airs in the form of a check. There is little conclusive scientific evidence about the long-term effects of human cannabis consumption. When asked what he intended to do with his winnings, Jennings said that he intends to tithe ten percent to his church, donate to public television and National Public Radio, go on a trip to Europe, and invest the rest for his family. Also, some evidence suggests that toxic levels may be higher for humans than for rats. On May 24th, 2005, Comedy Central announced that Jennings would be the host of a new comedic quiz show to replace the cancelled Chappelle's Show". Only with intravenous administration, a method rarely used by humans, may such a level be possible. A&E aired on December 1, 2004 an episode of the Biography television program on Jennings and other Jeopardy! notables, including Frank Spangenberg and Eddie Timanus.

It would be impossible for THC in blood plasma to reach such a level in human cannabis smokers. TV Guide featured a segment of "The Top Ten TV Moments of 2004," in which Ken Jennings' loss placed third. As for oral consumption, the LD50 for rats was 1270 mg/kg and 730 mg/kg for males and females, respectively. While on his media tour following his final game, Jennings taped a segment for a future episode of Sesame Street. According to the Merck Index, 12th edition, the LD50, the lethal dose for 50% of tested rats, was 42 milligrams per kilogram of body weight with forced inhalation. Barbara Walters selected Jennings as one of the "Ten Most Fascinating People of 2004" for her twelfth annual ABC News special, which aired on December 8, 2004. No fatal overdose due to cannabis use has ever been recorded in humans. news programming and on Nightline.

Mild allergies to cannabis may be possible in some members of the population. Jennings appeared on The Late Show with David Letterman to present Letterman's "Top Ten List." He appeared again on the program on the night his final show was televised, in addition to interview segments airing that night on local 11 p.m. Cannabinoid receptors are also present in the human reproductive system, but there is insufficient scientific study to conclusively determine the effects of cannabis on reproduction. it's not like Millionaire.". THC has an effect on the modulation of the immune system which may have an effect on malignant cells, but there is insufficient scientific study to determine whether this might promote or limit cancer. During that guest appearance, Jennings said that, "Jeopardy! is a man's game .. Depending on the ratio, the quality of the "high" will vary. There Jennings revealed that he had failed to qualify for Who Wants to Be a Millionaire?, also hosted by Regis Philbin.

Different marijuana products have different ratios of these and other cannaboids. After his 31st win on Jeopardy!, during the summer break between tapings, Jennings made a guest appearance on Live with Regis and Kelly. THC can degrade to CBL & CBN (other cannaboids), which can make one feel sleepy and disorientated. Jennings has received a good deal of American media coverage. Of the approximately 400 different chemicals found in Cannabis, the main active ingredient is THC (delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol). Jeopardy! ratings went up 62 percent during his run on the show (11.1 million viewers was a ten-year high); for three weeks in July 2004 and for most of the latter part of Jennings's run, it surpassed traditional leader Wheel of Fortune to become television's highest-rated syndicated program. Acute effects of cannabis consumption vary according to the dose, the variety of the plant, the method of use, the individual, and the environment, but for the general population usually include some of the following:. Jennings's winning streak on Jeopardy! has made him something of a celebrity.

Cannabis use was also a prominent part of 1960s counterculture. On December 1, the show broke with tradition by having Jennings make a "guest appearance" at the start of the broadcast, during which host Alex Trebek acknowledged his success and enumerated the various game show records he'd broken. Louis Armstrong became one of its most prominent and life-long devotees. Along the way, Jennings defeated at least three contestants who are current quiz bowl players; in fact, according to a Washington Post article, at least one fellow NAQT employee was selected to appear on the show during Jennings' run (but, as someone with more than a casual acquaintance with Jennings, could not compete against him because of standards and practices rules). Although cannabis has been used recreationally throughout its history, it first became well known in the United States during the jazz music scene of the late 1920s and 30s. Zerg was defeated the following day, finishing in third place with $2, while Jennings' running time period totaled 182 calendar days, including his first and last appearances. Several petitions for cannabis rescheduling in the United States have been filed, since the Act permits legalization of marijuana through the executive branch. Most who saw the show would say this assessment was in keeping with his genial personality, since Zerg never appeared to be a serious contender until Jennings stumbled in the second half.

In 1970, the Controlled Substances Act made possession of marijuana illegal again on a federal level, without the constitutional issues that scuttled the 1937 act. Jennings reported in an interview that the loss was "no fluke" and that Zerg was a formidable opponent. In a case brought by Timothy Leary, the Court held that the law's requirement that a would-be possessor of marijuana register with the local bureau of the IRS, thereby placing his name and address on a file available to local law enforcment, violated the Fifth Amendment privilege against self-incrimination, given the fact that at the time all 50 states had state laws on the books outlawing marijuana outright. Immediately after she won, Alex Trebek dubbed her a "giant-killer" for her accomplishment of finally beating the long-standing champ. The 1937 federal marijuana tax act was struck down by the Supreme Court in 1969. Zerg answered correctly, and she and Jennings shook hands and hugged as the audience gave the two of them a standing ovation. Anslinger also popularized the word marihuana for the plant, using a Mexican derived word (believed to be derived from a Brazilian Portuguese term for inebriation) in order to associate the plant with increasing numbers of Mexican immigrants, creating a negative stereotype which persists to this day. Jennings's final total, along with his second-place money, was $2,522,700.

During this period, Henry (Harry) Anslinger alleged that the drug could provoke criminal behavior in previously solid citizens. The Final Jeopardy category was "Business and Industry"; the clue was: "Most of this firm's 70,000 seasonal white-collar employees work only four months a year." The correct response was: "What is H&R Block?"; Jennings responded with "what is FedEx?". Furthermore, hemp would have been an easy target due to its intoxicating effect, while no rational justification could have been made for outlawing cotton, wool, or linen. But Jennings proved to be his own worst enemy by 'missing' both Double Jeopardy! Daily Double questions (on which he had placed his usual high wagers) and the Final Jeopardy! question. Still, others could argue that hemp could never truly compete with the high strength and elasticity of synthetics, such as nylon. The third contestant, David Hankins, completed the Double Jeopardy round with a negative amount and was not allowed to participate in Final Jeopardy. Others argue that Dupont wanted to eliminate cannabis because its high natural cellulose content made it a viable alternative to the company's developing innovation: modern plastic. On November 30, 2004, Jennings' long reign as Jeopardy! champion finally came to an end when he lost his 75th game to challenger Nancy Zerg, who initially did not appear to be a threat to the champion.

Many argue that this seems unlikely given DuPont's lack of concern with the legal status of cotton, wool, and linen; although it should be noted that hemp's textile potential had not yet been largely exploited, while textile factories already had made large investments in equipment to handle cotton, wool, and linen. In theory, if Jennings had remained undefeated though the 2005-2006 season, there wouldn’t be a tournament of Champions for that season, because Jennings would be the sole champion. Some analysts theorize DuPont wanted to boost declining post-war textile sales, and wished to eliminate hemp fiber as competition. Since he did not lose before the 2004 Tournament was taped (which then aired from September 20 through October 1), he will have to wait until the 2005-06 season to compete in the Tournament of Champions. Congress was based in part on testimony derived from articles in the newspapers owned by William Randolph Hearst, who was heavily interested in DuPont Inc. Jennings's run began with the episode aired on Monday, June 2, 2004, and spanned two seasons. The decision of the U.S. After this rule change, and until Jennings' run, the record winning streak was set by Tom Walsh, who won $186,900 ($184,900 in his winning episodes) in eight games in January 2004.

The expense, extremely high for that time, was such that people stopped buying and making it. At the beginning of the show's 20th season (in 2003), the rules were changed to allow contestants to remain on the show as long as they continued to win. The tax was $100 per pound of hemp, even for clothes or rope. Prior to 2003, Jeopardy! contestants were limited to five consecutive games. Legal opinions of time held that the federal government could not outlaw it entirely. He and his wife Mindy have a son named Dylan. This was contrary to the advice of the American Medical Association at the time. He was a software engineer for CHG, a healthcare-placement firm.

In that year, federal law made possession or transfer of marijuana (without the purchase of a by-then incriminating tax stamp) illegal throughout the United States. He also writes questions and edits the literature and mythology categories for the National Academic Quiz Tournaments (NAQT), a quiz bowl organization. In some areas it could be openly purchased in bulk from grocers or in cigarette form at newsstands, though an increasing number of states had begun to outlaw it. Now residing in Murray, Utah (a suburb of Salt Lake City), Jennings identifies himself as an avid comic book and movie buff with a website listing his top 2000 favorite movies. Until 1937, consumption and sale of marijuana was legal in most American states. He served a two-year mission in Madrid, Spain from 1993 to 1995. That marijuana is now well known in English as a name for drug material is due largely to the efforts of US drug prohibitionists during the 1920s and 30s. Jennings is a Mormon, a member of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints.

The name marijuana is Mexican or Latin American in origin and associated almost exclusively with the herb’s drug potential. Jennings graduated with a degree in computer science and English at Brigham Young University, where he played on the school's quiz bowl team for three years. He completed an International Baccalaureate diploma at Seoul Foreign School, and achieved honors at both Brigham Young and the University of Washington. By the end of the 19th century its medicinal use began to fall as other drugs such as aspirin took over. He watched Jeopardy! on the American Forces Network television while growing up. It was famously used to treat Queen Victoria's menstrual pains, and was available from shops in the US. Born in Edmonds, Washington, Jennings grew up in Seoul, South Korea (1981–1992) and Singapore (1992–1996), where his father worked for an international law firm and then as Asia Pacific Division Counsel of Oracle Corporation. Under the name cannabis 19th century medical practitioners helped to introduce the herb's drug potential (usually as a tincture) to modern English-speaking consciousness. Jennings held the record for most winnings on any game show ever played until the end of the Ultimate Tournament of Champions on May 25, 2005, when he was displaced by Brad Rutter.

In 1791, the cotton gin was invented and cotton began to replace hemp for clothing in the U.S. His total winnings on Jeopardy! are $3,022,700 ($2,520,700 during his original run, and $500,000 in the Jeopardy! Ultimate Tournament of Champions). The plant was so important that Thomas Jefferson, as governor of Virginia, required every farmer in the state to plant hemp for the good of the economy and citizens' survival. 74 games before he was defeated by Nancy Zerg on his 75th appearance. American pioneers depended on hemp for clothes, canvas, rope, oil, food, and many other things. He will often say "What's...?" instead of "What is...?". Large fields of hemp along the banks of the Rhine are featured in 19th century copper etchings. When guessing, he would phrase his responses in such a way as to make it clear he was in doubt of the answer himself, and openly expressed surprise when he gave the correct response.

Germans grew hemp for its fibers to make nautical ropes and material for clothes since ancient times. He often shook his head in disbelief when his total cash winnings were announced at the start of each episode/game. These etymological discussions run parallel to arguments drawn from history. Jennings has only made three other attempts to break Weikle's $52,000 record (in his 30th, 39th, and 65th games), but incorrect Final Jeopardy! responses prevented him from succeeding. Sara Benetowa of the Institute of Anthropological Sciences in Warsaw is quoted in the Book of Grass as saying: "The astonishing resemblance between the Semitic 'kanbos' and the Scythian 'cannabis' leads me to suppose that the Scythian word was of Semitic origin. On his 71st game, he broke the record a second time with a win of $55,099. In the Greek translations of the old testament "kan" was rendered as "reed", leading to English translations as "sweet calamus" (Exodus 30:23), sweet cane (Isaiah 43:24; Jeremiah 6:20) and "calamus" (Ezekiel 27:19; Song of Songs 4:14). However, in his 38th game, Jennings entered Final Jeopardy with a total only $600 shy of the record (and, in fact, had exceeded the record in the Double Jeopardy round before missing a question at the end), and beat it with a final total of $75,000.

Kaneh bosm (Hebrew kannabos or kannabus) "kan" in means "reed" or "hemp", while "bosm" means "aromatic". Prior to his 30th game, Jennings did not want to beat the $52,000 single-day record of former five-day champion Brian Weikle just "for the sake of beating it" (from the Jeopardy! forums). He intentionally tied his record three times. Possibly it has an earlier origin in Semitic languages like Hebrew, in Exodus 30:23 God commands Moses to make a holy anointing oil of myrrh, sweet cinnamon, kaneh bosm, and kassia. Host Alex Trebek commented on this several times, and he even occasionally guessed what wager Jennings would make. The name cannabis is thought to be of Scythian origin. On Final Jeopardy and the Daily Doubles he almost always wagered an amount that could bring his total to a multiple of $5,000 or $1,000. The cult of Dionysus, which is believed to have been originated in Thrace, has also been linked to the effects of cannabis smoke. He often pronounced foreign words, phrases, or locations with an accent.

Cannabis was well known to the Scythians, as well as by the Thracians/Dacians, whose shamans (the kapnobatai - "those who walk on smoke/clouds") used to burn cannabis flowers in order to induce trances. Also, he supposedly keeps a little piece of a fan's "popo" (pillow) in his coat pocket. In India particularly, some sects of Hinduism associated cannabis with Shiva. He kept a plush "Totoro" toy, from the movie My Neighbor Totoro in his pocket, as a good luck charm. It was used as medicine throughout Asia and the Middle East to treat a variety of conditions. Each day he wrote his name in a different way, with styles ranging from simple (such as cursive script or block letters) to artistic (such as dots or a bas relief outline). The first known mention of cannabis is in the Shen nung pen Ts'ao king, a Chinese medical text supposedly of 2737 BC, but probably considerably younger in reality.

Neolithic archaeological sites in China include cannabis seeds and plants. The use of cannabis, for food, fibers, and medicine, is thought to go back at least five millennia. The most common strains used for psychoactive effect are actually members of a subspecies also known as Cannabis indica. For the physiology and science of the plant see Cannabis sativa.

The use of cannabis as a recreational (or entheogenic) substance became illegal in most parts of the world during the early twentieth century, and remains that way today. Cannabis has been used for medical and psychoactive effects for thousands of years but became much more popular during the twentieth century. The Manual of Crime (incomplete, but contains information on cultivation). Wiktionary Appendix of Cannabis Slang.

War on Drugs. Street names. Stoner. Shotgun (cannabis).

Soap bar. Victor Robinson. Marijuana Parties. Medical marijuana.

Magic Brownie. Fitz Hugh Ludlow ("The Hasheesh Eater"). Cannabis: Legal issues. Jack Herer.

Cannabis: Health issues. Head shop. Hash oil. Grow-op.

Emerald Triangle. Dugout (smoking). Drug policy of the Netherlands. coffee shop.

Cannabis cultivation. Amsterdam. 420 (drug culture). This method is often used when no other materials for smoking are at hand, and is also thought to be more efficient, as there is no idle burning between inhalations.

A small amount of resin, or marijuana (oil or bud), known as a spot is then pressed between the knives and the resulting smoke inhaled through a funnel, often made from a bottomless soft-drink bottle. A further method, commonly referred to as spotting or hot knives, is when two knives are heated (usually on a stove-top element) until red-hot. The term gravity bong has different meaning in different cultures but usually refers to either of these two latter devices. Other designs include the waterfall bong and bucket bong.

While it is a common belief that bongs make smoking safer a NORML-MAPS study found that the water filters out more THC than tar. Despite this, bong use is common and enables smoking techniques that are not possible with a simple smoking pipe. In a water-pipe, or bong, by which the smoke is filtered through water into a large chamber. Some users prefer a vertically held ceramic or glass pipe, known as a chillum, coming from India. Tobacco pipes, pipes home-made by the user, and others, are also sometimes used.

Such pipes usually have a rush or carb hole which is covered by a finger for suction when beginning smoking, which is released to finish inhalation without advancing the burning any further. Blown-glass pipes are usually intricately and colorfully designed, with colors becoming more vivid after repeated use. By using a smoking pipe, often called a bowl, usually made of blown glass, wood, or sometimes metal. In such preparation, tobacco or other smokable material are sometimes combined into a single roll.

By rolling it up, either manually or with a rolling machine, into a cigarette, often called a spliff or joint, with thin rolling papers, or into a cigar, often called a blunt, with wrapper obtained by removing the tobacco from the inside of a standard cigar. Minimally potent leaves and detritus, called shake, bush or leaf. Hash oil, resulting from extraction or distillation of THC-rich parts of the plant. Bhang, prepared by the wet grinding of the leaves of the plant and used as a drink.

Often thin dark rectangular pieces. Charas, produced by hand-rubbing the resin from the resin gland-rich parts of the plant. Hashish, a concentrated resin made from pressing kif into blocks. It is produced by sifting marijuana and leaves.

kief or kif, a powder containing the resin glands (glandular trichomes, often incorrectly called "crystals" or "pollen"). Sinsemilla or sensemillia, flowering tops which are free of seeds as a result of being grown in a pollen-free environment. Marijuana or buds, the resin gland-rich flowering tops of female plants.