Lottery

A lottery is a popular form of gambling which involves the drawing of lots for a prize. Some governments forbid it, while others endorse it to the extent of organizing a national lottery.

Countries with a national lottery

This maneki neko beckons customers to purchase takarakuji tickets in Tokyo, Japan.
  • Argentina: Quiniela, Loto and various others.
  • Austria: Lotto 6 aus 45 and Zahlenlotto
  • Australia: Australian Lottery Games, Powerball
  • Belgium: Loterie Nationale or Nationale Loterij
  • Brazil: Mega-Sena and various others
  • Bulgaria: TOTO 2 6/49
  • Canada: Lotto 6/49 and Super 7
  • Croatia: Hrvatska lutrija
  • Dominican Republic: leidas,s.a.
  • Denmark: Lotto
  • Finland: Lotto
  • France: La Française des Jeux
  • Germany: Lotto 6 aus 49 and Spiel 77 and Super 6
  • Hong Kong: Mark Six
  • Hungary: Lottó
  • Ireland: The National Lottery, An Chrannchur Náisiúnta
  • Israel: "lotto", "pais"
  • Italy: Lotto, Superenalotto
  • Japan: Takarakuji
  • Mexico: Lotería Nacional para la Asistencia Pública
  • Netherlands: Staatsloterij
  • New Zealand: Lotto
  • Norway: Lotto
  • Philippines: Philippine Lotto 6/42, Mega Lotto 6/45, Super Lotto 6/49
  • Poland: Lotto
  • Portugal: Lotaria Clássica and Lotaria Popular
  • Puerto Rico: Lotería Tradicional & Lotería Electrónica
  • Romania: Loteria Romana - 6/49, 5/40, Pronosport
  • Russia: Sportloto
  • Serbia and Montenegro: Narodna Lutrija
  • Singapore: TOTO
  • Slovenia: Loterija Slovenije
  • South Africa: South African National Lottery
  • South Korea: Lotto
  • Spain: Loterías y Apuestas del Estado
  • Switzerland: Swiss Lotto
  • Taiwan: Lottery
  • Turkey: Sayısal Loto 6/49
  • United Kingdom: formerly The National Lottery, now Lotto

Lotteries come in many formats. The prize can be fixed cash or goods. In this format there is risk to the organizer if insufficient tickets are sold. The prize can be a fixed percentage of the receipts. A popular form of this is the "50-50" draw where the organizers promise that the prize will be 50% of the revenue. The prize may be guaranteed to be unique where each ticket sold has a unique number. Many recent lotteries allow purchasers to select the numbers on the lottery ticket resulting in the possibility of multiple winners.

Lotteries are most often run by governments or local states and are sometimes described as a regressive tax, since those most likely to buy tickets will typically be the less affluent members of a society. The astronomically high odds against winning have also led to the epithet of a "tax on stupidity". The phrase is largely rhetorical (playing the lottery is voluntary; taxes are not), but it is intended to suggest that lotteries are governmental revenue-raising mechanisms that will attract only those consumers who fail to see that the game is a very bad deal. Indeed, the desire of lottery operators to guarantee themselves a profit requires that a lottery ticket be worth substantially less than what it costs to buy. After taking into account the present value of the lottery prize as a single lump sum cash payment, the impact of any taxes that might apply, and the likelihood of having to share the prize with other winners, it is not uncommon to find that a ticket for a typical major lottery is worth less than one third of its purchase price.

The fact that lotteries are commonly played leads to some contradictions against standard models economic rationality. However, the goal of some players may not be to win the game, but merely to have a thrill and indulge in a fantasy of possibly becoming wealthy. This is particularly popular among those who believe their chances of becoming rich are already zero, so even if the lottery's odds are awful, they are better than zero.

Lottery in the United States

In the United States, the existence of lotteries is subject to the laws of each state; there is no national lottery. Before the advent of state-sponsored lotteries, many illegal lotteries thrived; for example, see Numbers game and Peter H. Matthews. The first state lottery in the U.S. was established in the state of New Hampshire in 1964; today, lotteries are established in forty-one states and the District of Columbia. On October 8, 1970, New York held the first million dollar lottery drawing.

The first modern interstate lottery in the U.S. was Tri-State Lotto. Tri-State Lotto was formed in 1985 and linked the states of Maine, New Hampshire and Vermont. In 1988, the Multi-State Lottery Association was formed with Oregon, Iowa, Kansas, Rhode Island, West Virginia and the District of Columbia as its charter members; it is best known for its "Powerball" drawing, which is designed to build up very large jackpots. Another interstate lottery, The Big Game (now called Mega Millions), was formed in 1996 by the states of Georgia, Illinois, Massachusetts, Maryland, Michigan and Virginia as its charter members.

Other interstate lotteries include: Hot Lotto, Lotto South, and Wild Card 2. For more detailed information on U.S. lotteries, see Lottery (U.S.).

With the advent of the Internet it became possible for people to play on-line, many times for free (the cost of the ticket being supplemented by merely seeing, say, a pop-up ad). Slight wanings in the overall number of people playing by "traditional" ways (paper ticket, $1 per chance) caused several states to combine into multi-state pools of much larger winning amounts. Some of the many websites which offer free games (after registration) include www.iwinweekly.com and the larger iwon.com, which is backed by the CBS broadcasting corporation. GTech Corporation, in the United States, administrates 70% of the worldwide online and instant lottery business, according to its website.

See also: Keno

Lottery in Canada

The first lottery in Canada was Quebec's Inter-Loto in 1970. Other provinces and regions introduced their own lotteries through the 1970s, and the federal government ran Loto Canada (originally the Olympic Lottery) for several years starting in the late 1970s to help recoup the expenses of the 1976 Summer Olympics.

Today, Canada has two nation-wide lotteries: Lotto 6/49 (which started in 1982), and Lotto Super 7 (which started in 1994). These games are administered by the Interprovincial Lottery Corporation, which is a consortium of the five regional lottery commissions, all of which are owned by their respective provincial and territorial governments:

  • Atlantic Lottery Corporation (New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, Prince Edward Island, Newfoundland and Labrador)
  • Loto-Québec (Quebec)
  • Ontario Lottery and Gaming Corporation (Ontario)

Others include:

  • Western Canada Lottery Corporation (Manitoba, Saskatchewan, Alberta, Yukon Territory, Northwest Territories, Nunavut)
  • British Columbia Lottery Corporation (British Columbia)

All five regional corporations offer additional regional lotteries that are played only in their respective regions.

Lottery in France

The first known lottery in France was created by King Francis I in or around 1505. After that first attempt, lotteries were forbidden for two centuries.

They reappeared at the end of 17th century, as a "public lottery" for the Paris municipality (called Loterie de L'Hotel de Ville) and as "private" ones for religious orders (mostly for nuns in convents).

Lotteries became quickly one of the most important resources for religious congregations in the 18th century.

Lotteries helped to build or rebuild many churches (about 15 including the biggest ones) in Paris during the 18th century, including St Sulpice and Le Panthéon.

At the beginning of the century, the King avoided having to fund religious orders by giving them the right to run lotteries, but the amounts generated became so large that the second part of the century turned into a struggle between the monarchy and the Church for control of the lotteries. In 1774, the Loterie de L'École Militaire was founded by the monarchy (by Mme de Pompadour to be precise, to buy what is called today the Champ de Mars in Paris, and build a Military Academy that Napoleon Bonaparte would later attend) and all other lotteries, with 3 or 4 minor exceptions, were forbidden.

This lottery became known a few years later as the Loterie Royale de France. Just before the French Revolution in 1789 the revenues from La Lotterie Royale de France were equivalent to between 5 and 7% of total French revenues.

Throughout the 18th century, philosophers like Voltaire as well as some bishops complained that lotteries exploit the poor. This subject has generated much oral and written debate over the morality of the lottery.

All lotteries (including state lotteries) were frowned upon by idealists of the French Revolution, who viewed them as a method used by the rich for cheating the poor out of their wages.

The Lottery reappeared in France in 1936, called loto, when socialists needed to increase state revenue. Since that time, La Française des Jeux (government owned) has had a monopoly on most of the games in France, including the lotteries.

Probability of winning

The chances of winning a lottery jackpot are principally determined by several factors: the count of possible numbers, the count of winning numbers drawn, whether or not order is significant and whether drawn numbers are returned for the possibility of further drawing.

In a typical 6 from 49 lotto, 6 numbers are drawn from 49 and if the 6 numbers on a ticket match the numbers drawn, the ticket holder is a jackpot winner - this is true regardless of the order in which the numbers are drawn. The odds of being a jackpot winner are approximately 1 in 14 million (13,983,816 to be exact). The derivation of this result is a simple exercise in combinatorics.

To put these odds in context, suppose one buys one lottery ticket per week. 13,983,816 weeks is roughly 269,000 years; In the quarter-million years of play, one would only expect to win the jackpot once.

The odds of winning any actual lottery can vary widely depending lottery design. "Powerball" is a very popular multistate lottery in the United States which is known for jackpots that grow very large from time to time. This attractive feature is made possible simply by designing the game to be extremely difficult to win: 1 chance in 120,526,770. That's almost nine times smaller than the example above. Powerball players also pick six numbers, but two different "bags" are used. The first five numbers come from one bag that contains numbers from 1 to 53. The sixth number -- the "Powerball number" -- comes from the second bag, which contains numbers from 1 to 42. To win a powerball jackpot, a player's five regular numbers must match the five regular numbers drawn and the Powerball number must match the Powerball number drawn. In other words, it is not good enough to pick 10, 18, 25, 33, 42, 7 when the drawing is 7, 10, 25, 33, 42, 18. Even though the player picked all the right numbers, the Powerball number at the end of the ticket doesn't match the one drawn, so the ticket would be credited with matching only four numbers (10, 25, 33, 42).

Most lotteries give lesser prizes for matching just some of the winning numbers. The Powerball game described above is an extreme case, giving a very small payout (US$3) even if a player matches only the Powerball number at the end of your ticket. Matching more numbers, the payout goes up. Although none of these additional prizes affect the chances of winning the jackpot, they do improve the odds of winning something and therefore add a little to the value of the ticket.

Notable prizes

Sources: http://www.usamega.com/archive-052000.htm http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/europe/4746057.stm http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk/4676172.stm

On 20 September 2005 a primary school boy in Italy won £27.6 million in the national lottery. Although children are not allowed to gamble under Italian law, children are allowed to play the lottery. [1]

Payment of prizes

The payment of a lotto prizes is not always a lumpsum amount. In countries like USA the winner gets to choose from either an annuity payment or a one time payment. The one time payment is often about half of the advertised lotto jackpot, with much of the prize subject to a withholding tax. The annuity payment makes regular payments for periods from 10 to 40 years.

In some online lottos the yearly payments can be as low as $25,000 for 40 years with a balloon payment on the final year. This type of installment payment is often made through investment in government-backed securities. Online lottos payout the winners through their insurance backup. However a majority of winners choose to take the lumpsum payment as they believe they can get a better rate of return on their investment elsewhere.

In some countries lottery winnings are not subject to personal income tax, thus there are no tax consequences in terms of how the prize is paid out. In Canada, all prizes are immediately paid out as one lump sum, tax-free to the winner.

Scams and Frauds

Lottery like any mechanism is susceptible to fraud despite the high degree to scrutiny offered by the organisers. One method involved is to tamper the machine used for the number selection. By rigging a machine it is theoretically easy to win a lottery. This act is often done in connivance with an employee of the lottery firm. Methods used vary; loaded balls where select balls are made to popup making it either lighter or heavier than the rest. Many other ingenious methods too have been employed.

Some scams on the internet too are based on lotteries. The modus operandi of this fraud is the trickster sends spam to all email users in their database congratulating them on their recent lottery win. Then they proceed to announce that in order to release funds they must part with a certain amount (as tax/fees) as per the rules or risk forfeiture. Some unsuspecting users might fall prey to this scandal and part with their money falling into their trap, where they continue to pay as they are misled by the scamsters who dupe their clients into believing that they are always one step closer to the money. The swindlers also might use telephone or printed letters to approach victims to execute their plan more professionally.


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The swindlers also might use telephone or printed letters to approach victims to execute their plan more professionally. The blocking of the Howard Stern channels is anticipated to change once the announced return of Stern to Canada takes place. Some unsuspecting users might fall prey to this scandal and part with their money falling into their trap, where they continue to pay as they are misled by the scamsters who dupe their clients into believing that they are always one step closer to the money. However, Sirius cannot stop grey market receivers from picking up the American programming. Then they proceed to announce that in order to release funds they must part with a certain amount (as tax/fees) as per the rules or risk forfeiture. For example, the Sirius ONE radio is model "SV1" in the United States, but "SV1C" in Canada. The modus operandi of this fraud is the trickster sends spam to all email users in their database congratulating them on their recent lottery win. Most of these radios have a 'C' suffix in the model name.

Some scams on the internet too are based on lotteries. Sirius had previously disabled the Howard Stern channels on radios with a Canadian ESN number, even if they are subscribed to American content from an American address. Many other ingenious methods too have been employed. [2]. Methods used vary; loaded balls where select balls are made to popup making it either lighter or heavier than the rest. On February 1, 2006, The Globe and Mail reported the announcement that Stern's show on Howard 100 would become available in Canada as of February 6, 2006. This act is often done in connivance with an employee of the lottery firm. On January 11, 2006, a Canadian writer interviewed on Stern's show announced an online petition to bring Stern to Sirius Canada.

By rigging a machine it is theoretically easy to win a lottery. [1] (It should be noted that this figure also includes an unverified number of listeners who subscribed before the Canadian satellite radio services launched at all — the analysts' figures did not offer any estimate of how many Canadians chose a grey market subscription over Sirius Canada specifically because of Stern.). One method involved is to tamper the machine used for the number selection. Howard 100 News has stated on air that they estimate at least 60,000 grey market satellite subscriptions in Canada; in December, the Canadian newspaper The Globe and Mail reported that business analysts in Canada estimate a total of 60,000 grey market subscribers to both Sirius and XM combined. Lottery like any mechanism is susceptible to fraud despite the high degree to scrutiny offered by the organisers. A significant number of Canadians have purchased grey market subscriptions to Sirius' American service to listen to Stern, although owing to the nature of grey market economics a precise number is difficult to verify. In Canada, all prizes are immediately paid out as one lump sum, tax-free to the winner. Despite popular belief that Stern's broadcast was banned by the CRTC, this is not the case — Sirius Canada, in fact, voluntarily chose not to air the program at the time of its launch in Canada.

In some countries lottery winnings are not subject to personal income tax, thus there are no tax consequences in terms of how the prize is paid out. Sirius Canada did not initially carry Howard Stern. However a majority of winners choose to take the lumpsum payment as they believe they can get a better rate of return on their investment elsewhere. Sirius Canada was officially launched December 1, 2005. Online lottos payout the winners through their insurance backup. After a lengthy debate, cabinet rejected the appeals on September 9, 2005. This type of installment payment is often made through investment in government-backed securities. The groups objected to Sirius’ approach to and reduced levels of Canadian content and French language programming, along with the exclusion of Canadian non-commercial broadcasting.

In some online lottos the yearly payments can be as low as $25,000 for 40 years with a balloon payment on the final year. The decision was appealed to the Canadian federal cabinet by a number of broadcasting, labour, and arts and culture organizations, including the Friends of Canadian Broadcasting, CHUM Limited, and the National Campus and Community Radio Association. The annuity payment makes regular payments for periods from 10 to 40 years. The application was approved on June 16, 2005. The one time payment is often about half of the advertised lotto jackpot, with much of the prize subject to a withholding tax. In November, 2004, a partnership between Sirius, Standard Broadcasting and the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation filed an application with the Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission to introduce Sirius in Canada. In countries like USA the winner gets to choose from either an annuity payment or a one time payment. Some popular radios from Sirius:.

The payment of a lotto prizes is not always a lumpsum amount. Sirius' hardware lineup is available at Sirius.com. [1]. They also make many receivers for aftermarket installs as well, including the Sportster Replay, Starmate Replay, Sirius S50 with built in 1GB MP3 player, and the Sirius One. Although children are not allowed to gamble under Italian law, children are allowed to play the lottery. Starting in 2006, all Rolls-Royce vehicles sold in the United States will come with a Sirius radio and lifetime subscription as standard equipment. On 20 September 2005 a primary school boy in Italy won £27.6 million in the national lottery. As of 2005, Sirius receivers are available for various new Audi, BMW, Chrysler, Dodge, Ford, Infiniti, Jaguar, Jeep, Land Rover, Lexus, Lincoln, Mazda, Mercedes-Benz, Mercury, Mini, Nissan, Scion, Toyota, Porsche, Volkswagen, and Volvo vehicles, and the service plans on adding availability for portable use.

Sources: http://www.usamega.com/archive-052000.htm http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/europe/4746057.stm http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk/4676172.stm. Sirius also offers an adapter that allows conventional car radios to receive satellite signals. Although none of these additional prizes affect the chances of winning the jackpot, they do improve the odds of winning something and therefore add a little to the value of the ticket. The chipset converts the signals from 2.3 gigahertz (GHz) to a lower intermediate frequency. Matching more numbers, the payout goes up. Inside the receiver module is a chipset consisting of eight chips. The Powerball game described above is an extreme case, giving a very small payout (US$3) even if a player matches only the Powerball number at the end of your ticket. The signal is then passed on to the receiver module.

Most lotteries give lesser prizes for matching just some of the winning numbers. The antenna module picks up signals from the ground repeaters or the satellite, amplifies the signal and filters out any interference. Even though the player picked all the right numbers, the Powerball number at the end of the ticket doesn't match the one drawn, so the ticket would be credited with matching only four numbers (10, 25, 33, 42). The Sirius receiver includes two parts -- the antenna module and the receiver module. In other words, it is not good enough to pick 10, 18, 25, 33, 42, 7 when the drawing is 7, 10, 25, 33, 42, 18. Sirius offers car radios and home entertainment systems, as well as car and home kits for portable use. To win a powerball jackpot, a player's five regular numbers must match the five regular numbers drawn and the Powerball number must match the Powerball number drawn. Signals are also beamed to ground repeaters for listeners in urban areas where the satellite signal can be interrupted.

The sixth number -- the "Powerball number" -- comes from the second bag, which contains numbers from 1 to 42. Programs are beamed to one of the three Sirius satellites, which then transmit the signal to the ground, where your radio receiver picks up one of the channels within the signal. The first five numbers come from one bag that contains numbers from 1 to 53. The Sirius system is similar to that of its competitor. Powerball players also pick six numbers, but two different "bags" are used. A fourth satellite will remain on the ground, ready to be launched if any of the three active satellites encounter transmission problems. That's almost nine times smaller than the example above. Sirius completed its three-satellite constellation on November 30, 2000.

This attractive feature is made possible simply by designing the game to be extremely difficult to win: 1 chance in 120,526,770. Sirius says the elliptical path of its satellite constellation ensures that each satellite spends about 16 hours a day over the continental United States, with at least one satellite over the country at all times. "Powerball" is a very popular multistate lottery in the United States which is known for jackpots that grow very large from time to time. Instead, its three SS/L-1300 satellites fly in geosynchronous (24-hour orbital period) inclined elliptical orbits. The odds of winning any actual lottery can vary widely depending lottery design. Sirius does not use Geostationary satellites. 13,983,816 weeks is roughly 269,000 years; In the quarter-million years of play, one would only expect to win the jackpot once. The Sirius uplink facility is located in Vernon, Sussex County, New Jersey.

To put these odds in context, suppose one buys one lottery ticket per week. Sirius' satellites are called Radiosat (instead of after the company name), due to there already being a previous fleet of satellites launched also named SIRIUS, launched by Sweden's NSAB (Nordiska Satellitaktiebolaget, or Nordic Satellite AB) and used for general telecommunications and satellite tv throughout Sweden and the rest of Scandinavia. The derivation of this result is a simple exercise in combinatorics. The series of satellites from which they come, the SS/Loral LS-1300, is known to have problems with their solar array cells — a similar but more severe issue affects the Boeing satellites belonging to competitor XM Radio. The odds of being a jackpot winner are approximately 1 in 14 million (13,983,816 to be exact). Radiosat 4 is a ground spare, in storage at SS/Loral’s facility in Palo Alto, California. In a typical 6 from 49 lotto, 6 numbers are drawn from 49 and if the 6 numbers on a ticket match the numbers drawn, the ticket holder is a jackpot winner - this is true regardless of the order in which the numbers are drawn. The first three of the series were orbited in 2000 by Proton-K Block-DM3 launch vehicles.

The chances of winning a lottery jackpot are principally determined by several factors: the count of possible numbers, the count of winning numbers drawn, whether or not order is significant and whether drawn numbers are returned for the possibility of further drawing. Sirius’ spacecraft Radiosat 1 through Radiosat 4 were manufactured by Space Systems/Loral. Since that time, La Française des Jeux (government owned) has had a monopoly on most of the games in France, including the lotteries. Iceberg Radio is programmed by Standard Broadcasting, which also provides a number of additional channels exclusive to Canada; the other four come from the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. The Lottery reappeared in France in 1936, called loto, when socialists needed to increase state revenue. With the launch of Sirius Canada in December 2005, American listeners gained five Canadian-produced stations including CBC Radio One, CBC Radio Three and Iceberg Radio in English, and Première Plus and Bandeapart in French. All lotteries (including state lotteries) were frowned upon by idealists of the French Revolution, who viewed them as a method used by the rich for cheating the poor out of their wages. The deal with NPR was the first high-profile deal entered into by Sirius.

This subject has generated much oral and written debate over the morality of the lottery. Sirius also has exclusive satellite radio rights to National Public Radio, carrying two separate streams. Throughout the 18th century, philosophers like Voltaire as well as some bishops complained that lotteries exploit the poor. In June 2005, Sirius signed an agreement with BBC Radio 1 in the UK to rebroadcast the station to an American audience. Just before the French Revolution in 1789 the revenues from La Lotterie Royale de France were equivalent to between 5 and 7% of total French revenues. Sirius has also been aggressive in creating its own in-house produced studio sports radio content. This lottery became known a few years later as the Loterie Royale de France. In August 2004, Sirius launched NFL Radio, a 24-hour radio stream dedicated exclusively to covering the NFL.

In 1774, the Loterie de L'École Militaire was founded by the monarchy (by Mme de Pompadour to be precise, to buy what is called today the Champ de Mars in Paris, and build a Military Academy that Napoleon Bonaparte would later attend) and all other lotteries, with 3 or 4 minor exceptions, were forbidden. Beginning in 2005 Sirius also has exclusive radio rights to cover the NCAA Men's Division I Basketball Tournament. At the beginning of the century, the King avoided having to fund religious orders by giving them the right to run lotteries, but the amounts generated became so large that the second part of the century turned into a struggle between the monarchy and the Church for control of the lotteries. Sirius also has rights to a number of major college sports conferences, including the Big Ten and the Southeastern Conference as well as schools like Notre Dame. Lotteries helped to build or rebuild many churches (about 15 including the biggest ones) in Paris during the 18th century, including St Sulpice and Le Panthéon. Starting in 2007, Sirius will have full NASCAR coverage. Lotteries became quickly one of the most important resources for religious congregations in the 18th century. NHL games will be shared with XM for the 2005–2006 season, after which XM will have exclusive broadcast rights.

They reappeared at the end of 17th century, as a "public lottery" for the Paris municipality (called Loterie de L'Hotel de Ville) and as "private" ones for religious orders (mostly for nuns in convents). The agreement also creates a 24-hour NBA Radio Channel, located on channel 127. After that first attempt, lotteries were forbidden for two centuries. Sirius also announced in December 2005 a multi-year deal with the NBA, which makes the satellite radio company the broadcaster of more live NBA games than any other radio outlet. The first known lottery in France was created by King Francis I in or around 1505. Currently, Sirius has exclusive satellite radio broadcasting rights to all NFL and NBA games. All five regional corporations offer additional regional lotteries that are played only in their respective regions. Another cornerstone of Sirius’ business strategy has been to pursue exclusive sports content.

Others include:. On October 25, 2005 Sirius announced that "E Street Radio", the exclusive channel of legendary artist Bruce Springsteen, would air from November 1, 2005 to January 31, 2006 on the Bridge - Channel 10. These games are administered by the Interprovincial Lottery Corporation, which is a consortium of the five regional lottery commissions, all of which are owned by their respective provincial and territorial governments:. It was Karmazin who fiercely protected Stern in the wake of the Super Bowl XXXVIII Halftime Show (produced by MTV and aired by CBS, both co-owned with Infinity) and the FCC crackdown on shock jocks and obscenity, in general. Today, Canada has two nation-wide lotteries: Lotto 6/49 (which started in 1982), and Lotto Super 7 (which started in 1994). Stern worked under Karmazin at Infinity Radio and the two men have always had a great deal of mutual respect for each other. Other provinces and regions introduced their own lotteries through the 1970s, and the federal government ran Loto Canada (originally the Olympic Lottery) for several years starting in the late 1970s to help recoup the expenses of the 1976 Summer Olympics. On November 18, 2004 the former COO and President of Viacom, Mel Karmazin, was named the CEO of Sirius.

The first lottery in Canada was Quebec's Inter-Loto in 1970. Generally the personalities act as DJs hosting shows with music they personally like. See also: Keno. These shows are hosted by personalities including skateboard legend Tony Hawk, seven-time Tour de France champion Lance Armstrong, The B-52's lead singer Fred Schneider, NBA Hall of Famer Bill Walton and longtime New York City DJ “Cousin Brucie”, who was dropped by WCBS-FM after the station changed to its format from an oldies station to a “Jack” format. GTech Corporation, in the United States, administrates 70% of the worldwide online and instant lottery business, according to its website. In addition to the channel-programming deals, Sirius has also programmed a number of more conventional shows with well known personalities in a number of fields. Some of the many websites which offer free games (after registration) include www.iwinweekly.com and the larger iwon.com, which is backed by the CBS broadcasting corporation. In Howard Stern's first major hire for Sirius, Stern brought on board Tampa, FL based Bubba the Love Sponge, fired by Clear Channel due to a $750,000 fine proposed by the FCC Reuters, to do a show on Sirius.

Slight wanings in the overall number of people playing by "traditional" ways (paper ticket, $1 per chance) caused several states to combine into multi-state pools of much larger winning amounts. Beginning with the announcement of his imminent departure, Stern began to complain of one of his employers, Infinity Broadcasting, as trying to impede the success of his departure. With the advent of the Internet it became possible for people to play on-line, many times for free (the cost of the ticket being supplemented by merely seeing, say, a pop-up ad). Stern stated that his move was forced by the stringent regulations of the FCC whose enforcement was intensified following the Super Bowl XXXVIII Halftime Show. lotteries, see Lottery (U.S.). The deal, which gave Sirius exclusive rights to Stern’s radio show, also gave Stern the right to build at least two full-time programming channels. For more detailed information on U.S. By far the biggest of these deals was announced on October 6, 2004 when Sirius announced that it signed a five-year, $500-million agreement with Howard Stern to move his radio show to Sirius starting on January 9, 2006.

Other interstate lotteries include: Hot Lotto, Lotto South, and Wild Card 2. Sirius has reached extensive deals with domestic diva Martha Stewart, E Street Band member Steven Van Zandt (aka Little Steven), Jimmy Buffett, and Eminem to executive produce streams on Sirius. Another interstate lottery, The Big Game (now called Mega Millions), was formed in 1996 by the states of Georgia, Illinois, Massachusetts, Maryland, Michigan and Virginia as its charter members. A major component of Sirius’ business strategy has been to execute far-reaching and exclusive deals with big-name entertainers and personalities to create and build broadcast streams, from the ground up. In 1988, the Multi-State Lottery Association was formed with Oregon, Iowa, Kansas, Rhode Island, West Virginia and the District of Columbia as its charter members; it is best known for its "Powerball" drawing, which is designed to build up very large jackpots. . Tri-State Lotto was formed in 1985 and linked the states of Maine, New Hampshire and Vermont. “Mongo” later became NASCAR driver Spencer’s nickname with the NASCAR Broadcasters in the following races.

was Tri-State Lotto. The dog in the Sirius logo (Sirius is referred to as the "Dog Star") is unofficially named “Mongo,” a name garnered from the debut of Sirius Satellite Radio’s sponsorship on Casey Atwood’s and later Jimmy Spencer’s NASCAR entry, when the announcing cast voted on names. The first modern interstate lottery in the U.S. Sirius was previously known as CD Radio. On October 8, 1970, New York held the first million dollar lottery drawing. However, Sirius led the market in new satellite radio subscribers in 2005. was established in the state of New Hampshire in 1964; today, lotteries are established in forty-one states and the District of Columbia. Sirius currently lags behind competitor XM Satellite Radio in terms of subscribers with 3.3 million, well less than XM's current audience of more than 6 million subscribers (as of January 9, 2006).

The first state lottery in the U.S. A $10 activation fee ($15 if activated by phone) is also required. Matthews. to $499.99 for a lifetime subscription (of the receiver, not the subscriber). Before the advent of state-sponsored lotteries, many illegal lotteries thrived; for example, see Numbers game and Peter H. Subscription costs for Sirius range from $12.95/mo. In the United States, the existence of lotteries is subject to the laws of each state; there is no national lottery. Its business model is to provide pay-for-service radio, music channels being free of commercials, analogous to the business model for premium cable television.

This is particularly popular among those who believe their chances of becoming rich are already zero, so even if the lottery's odds are awful, they are better than zero. Sirius is based in New York City. However, the goal of some players may not be to win the game, but merely to have a thrill and indulge in a fantasy of possibly becoming wealthy. “XS120”, “XS9”, “XS17”). The fact that lotteries are commonly played leads to some contradictions against standard models economic rationality. Sirius channels are identified by Arbitron with the label “XS” (e.g. After taking into account the present value of the lottery prize as a single lump sum cash payment, the impact of any taxes that might apply, and the likelihood of having to share the prize with other winners, it is not uncommon to find that a ticket for a typical major lottery is worth less than one third of its purchase price. A subset of Sirius’ music channels are included as part of the DISH Network satellite television service.

Indeed, the desire of lottery operators to guarantee themselves a profit requires that a lottery ticket be worth substantially less than what it costs to buy. The streams are broadcast from three satellites in an elliptical geosynchronous orbit above North America. The phrase is largely rhetorical (playing the lottery is voluntary; taxes are not), but it is intended to suggest that lotteries are governmental revenue-raising mechanisms that will attract only those consumers who fail to see that the game is a very bad deal. With any Sirius-enabled radio, the user can see the artist and song information on display while listening to the stream. The astronomically high odds against winning have also led to the epithet of a "tax on stupidity". Music streams on Sirius carry a wide variety of music genres, broadcasting 24 hours a day, commercial free. Lotteries are most often run by governments or local states and are sometimes described as a regressive tax, since those most likely to buy tickets will typically be the less affluent members of a society. Sirius Satellite Radio NASDAQ: SIRI is a satellite radio (DARS) service in the United States that provides 68 streams (channels) of music and 55 streams of sports, news and entertainment.

Many recent lotteries allow purchasers to select the numbers on the lottery ticket resulting in the possibility of multiple winners. Black and white lineup from SiriusBackstage.com, Adobe Acrobat Reader Required. The prize may be guaranteed to be unique where each ticket sold has a unique number. Official Sirius Satellite Radio Stations List, Adobe Acrobat Reader Required. A popular form of this is the "50-50" draw where the organizers promise that the prize will be 50% of the revenue. List of Sirius Satellite Radio stations. The prize can be a fixed percentage of the receipts. XACT XTR1 Radio with Car Kit.

In this format there is risk to the organizer if insufficient tickets are sold. Clarion Calypso SIRIUS Radio with Car Kit. The prize can be fixed cash or goods. Kenwood H2EV Radio with Car and Home Kits. Lotteries come in many formats. Tivoli's SIRIUS Table Radio. . SIRIUS Sportster Radio with Boombox Package.

Some governments forbid it, while others endorse it to the extent of organizing a national lottery. Docking Station Package. A lottery is a popular form of gambling which involves the drawing of lots for a prize. SIRIUS Sportster Exec. British Columbia Lottery Corporation (British Columbia). SIRIUS S50. Western Canada Lottery Corporation (Manitoba, Saskatchewan, Alberta, Yukon Territory, Northwest Territories, Nunavut).

Ontario Lottery and Gaming Corporation (Ontario). Loto-Québec (Quebec). Atlantic Lottery Corporation (New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, Prince Edward Island, Newfoundland and Labrador). United Kingdom: formerly The National Lottery, now Lotto.

Turkey: Sayısal Loto 6/49. Taiwan: Lottery. Switzerland: Swiss Lotto. Spain: Loterías y Apuestas del Estado.

South Korea: Lotto. South Africa: South African National Lottery. Slovenia: Loterija Slovenije. Singapore: TOTO.

Serbia and Montenegro: Narodna Lutrija. Russia: Sportloto. Romania: Loteria Romana - 6/49, 5/40, Pronosport. Puerto Rico: Lotería Tradicional & Lotería Electrónica.

Portugal: Lotaria Clássica and Lotaria Popular. Poland: Lotto. Philippines: Philippine Lotto 6/42, Mega Lotto 6/45, Super Lotto 6/49. Norway: Lotto.

New Zealand: Lotto. Netherlands: Staatsloterij. Mexico: Lotería Nacional para la Asistencia Pública. Japan: Takarakuji.

Italy: Lotto, Superenalotto. Israel: "lotto", "pais". Ireland: The National Lottery, An Chrannchur Náisiúnta. Hungary: Lottó.

Hong Kong: Mark Six. Germany: Lotto 6 aus 49 and Spiel 77 and Super 6. France: La Française des Jeux. Finland: Lotto.

Denmark: Lotto. Dominican Republic: leidas,s.a.. Croatia: Hrvatska lutrija. Canada: Lotto 6/49 and Super 7.

Bulgaria: TOTO 2 6/49. Brazil: Mega-Sena and various others. Belgium: Loterie Nationale or Nationale Loterij. Australia: Australian Lottery Games, Powerball.

Austria: Lotto 6 aus 45 and Zahlenlotto. Argentina: Quiniela, Loto and various others.