Les PaulLes Paul (born June 9, 1915) is best known as a guitarist, and as one of the most important figures in the development of modern electric instruments and recording techniques. He is a pioneer in the development of the solid-body electric guitar (the Gibson Les Paul he helped design is one of the most famous and enduring models), multitrack recording, and various reverb effects. BiographyPaul, born Lester William Polfus (Polsfuss) in Waukesha, Wisconsin, first became interested in music at the age of eight, when he began playing the harmonica. After an attempt at learning to play the banjo, Paul began to play the guitar. By 13, Paul was performing semi-professionally as a country-music guitarist. At the age of 17, Paul played with Rube Tronson's Cowboys. Soon after, he dropped out of high school to join Wolverton's Radio Band in St. Louis, Missouri on KMOX. In the 1930s, Paul worked in Chicago, Illinois in radio, where he performed jazz music. Paul's first two records were released in 1936. One album was credited to Rhubarb Red, Paul's hillbilly alter ego, and the other was in the backing band for blues artist Georgia White. Les Paul's 'The Log', supposedly first solid-body electric guitar but other models have surfaced that were made before the Log.Paul was unsatisfied by the electric guitars that were sold in the mid 1930s and began experimenting with a few designs of his own. Famously, he created The Log which was nothing more than a length of common "4 by 4" fence post with bridge, guitar neck, and pickup attached. For appearances he attached the body of an Epiphone jazz guitar, sawn lengthwise with The Log in the middle. This solved his two main problems - feedback, as the acoustic body no longer resonated with the amplified sound, and sustain, as the energy of the strings was not dissipated in generating sound through the guitar body. In 1938, Paul moved to New York and landed a featured spot with Fred Waring's Pennsylvanians radio show. Paul moved to Hollywood in 1943, where he formed a new trio. As a last-minute replacement for Oscar Moore, Paul played with Nat King Cole and other artists in the inaugural Jazz at the Philharmonic concert in Los Angeles on July 2, 1944. Also that year, Paul's trio appeared on Bing Crosby's radio show. Crosby went on to sponsor Paul's recording experiments. The two also recorded together several times, including a 1945 number one hit, "It's Been a Long, Long Time." In addition to backing Crosby and artists like the Andrews Sisters, Paul's trio also recorded a few albums of their own in the late 1940s. In 1941, Paul designed and built one of the first solid-body electric guitars (though Leo Fender also independently invented his own solid-body electric guitar around the same time, and Adolph Rickenbacker had marketed a solid-body guitar in the 30s). Gibson Guitar Corporation made a number of these guitars for Paul, but insisted that their name be left off of the instrument. In later years, they would change their mind. These days, Gibson Les Paul guitars are used all over the world, both by novices and professionals. Les Paul guitars have been used by Duane Allman, Jeff Beck, Dickie Betts, Neal Schon, Tom Scholz, Mike Bloomfield, Eric Clapton, Davey Johnstone, Jimmy Page, Buckethead, Gary Rossington, Randy Rhoads, Slash, Pete Townshend, Johnny Marr, Zakk Wylde, Noel Gallagher, Kirk Hammett, Matt Skiba, Billie Joe Armstrong, Matt K. Heafy and Ben Foote In 1947, Capitol Records released a recording that had begun as an experiment in Paul's garage, entitled "Lover (When You're Near Me)", which featured Paul playing eight different parts on electric guitar. This was the first time that multi-tracking had been used in a recording. Amazingly, these recordings were made, not with magnetic tape, but with wax disks. Paul would record a track onto a disk, then record himself playing another part with the first. He built the multi-track recording with overlaid tracks, rather than parallel ones as he did later. There is no record of how few 'takes' were needed before he was satisfied with one layer and moved onto the next. Paul even built his own wax-cutter assembly, based on auto parts. He favored the flywheel from a Cadillac for its weight and flatness. Even in these early days, he used the wax disk setup to record parts at different speeds and with delay, resulting in his signature sound with echoes and birdsong-like guitar riffs. When he later began using magnetic tape, the major change was that he could take his recording rig on tour with him, even making episodes for his 15-minute radio show in his hotel room. Paul was injured in a near-fatal automobile accident in January 1948 in Oklahoma, which shattered his right arm and elbow. Paul spent a year and a half recovering. Paul instructed the surgeons to set his arm at an angle that would allow him to cradle and pick the guitar. In the early 1950s, Paul made a number of recordings with wife, Colleen Summers (known on record as Mary Ford). These records were unique for their heavy use of overdubbing, which was technically impossible without Paul's inventions. In 1954 Paul, continued to develop this technology, by commissioning Ampex to build the first eight track tape recorder, at his expense. His idea, later known as "Sel-Sync," in which a recording head could simultaneously record a new track and play back previously recorded ones, would further establish the future of multi-track recording. During his early radio shows, Paul introduced the mythical "Les Paulverizer" device, which was supposed to multiply anything fed into it, like a guitar sound or a voice. This even became the subject of comedy, with Mary Ford multiplying herself and her vacuum cleaner with it so she could finish the housework faster (a typical joke in the pre-feminist era). Later Paul made the myth real for his stage show, using hidden equipment which over the years has become smaller and more visible. Currently he uses a small box attached to his guitar - it is not known how much of the device remains off-stage. He typically lays down one track after another on stage, in-sync, and then plays over the repeating forms he has recorded. With newer digital sound technology, such an effect is available commercially. In the late 1960s, Paul went into semi-retirement, although he did return to the studio occasionally. He recorded an album Lester and Chester with Chet Atkins. He and Colleen divorced amicably in 1964, as she could no longer tolerate the itinerant lifestyle their act required of them. In 1978, Les Paul and Mary Ford, were inducted into the Grammy Hall of Fame. He received a Grammy Trustees Award for his lifetime achievements in 1983. In 1988, Paul was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame by Jeff Beck, who said, "I've copied more licks from Les Paul than I'd like to admit." Les Paul was inducted into the National Inventors Hall of Fame in May 2005 for his development of the solid-body electric guitar. As of 2005, Les Paul performs weekly at the Iridium Jazz Club on Broadway in New York City. He often remarks at shows "When I introduce myself to people, they are always surprised to learn that I'm not a guitar and I'm not dead!". DiscographyHit singles
Albums
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He often remarks at shows "When I introduce myself to people, they are always surprised to learn that I'm not a guitar and I'm not dead!". Its worldwide circulation including all editions comprises 26.5 million copies. As of 2005, Les Paul performs weekly at the Iridium Jazz Club on Broadway in New York City. The most widely distributed magazine in the world is The Watchtower Announcing Jehovah's Kingdom (founded in 1879). In 1988, Paul was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame by Jeff Beck, who said, "I've copied more licks from Les Paul than I'd like to admit." Les Paul was inducted into the National Inventors Hall of Fame in May 2005 for his development of the solid-body electric guitar. The oldest magazine still in print is The Scots Magazine, which was first published in 1739, though multiple changes in ownership and gaps in publication totaling over 90 years weaken that claim. He received a Grammy Trustees Award for his lifetime achievements in 1983. The Gentleman's Magazine, first published in 1731, is considered to be the first general-interest magazine. In 1978, Les Paul and Mary Ford, were inducted into the Grammy Hall of Fame. Many weekend newspapers incorporate magazine supplements, such as Parade and LIFE in its most recent incarnation, both in the USA, and the Sunday Times Magazine in the UK. He and Colleen divorced amicably in 1964, as she could no longer tolerate the itinerant lifestyle their act required of them. Periodical is the word usually used to describe magazines, journals, newspapers, newsletters, and anything else that is published in regular intervals for an indefinite period of time, but serial is sometimes used, especially in library and information science. He recorded an album Lester and Chester with Chet Atkins. Such publications typically carry little or no advertising. In the late 1960s, Paul went into semi-retirement, although he did return to the studio occasionally. Although similar to a magazine in some respects, an academic periodical featuring scholarly articles written in a more specialist register is usually called an "academic journal". With newer digital sound technology, such an effect is available commercially. Advertising is also an important source of revenue for business magazines. He typically lays down one track after another on stage, in-sync, and then plays over the repeating forms he has recorded. Very often the two models, of paid-for subscriptions and controlled circulation, are mixed. Currently he uses a small box attached to his guitar - it is not known how much of the device remains off-stage. This practice, known as controlled circulation, is intended to guarantee to advertisers that the readership is relevant to their needs. Later Paul made the myth real for his stage show, using hidden equipment which over the years has become smaller and more visible. In some cases these subscriptions are available to any person prepared to pay; in others, free subscriptions are available to readers who meet a set of criteria established by the publisher. This even became the subject of comedy, with Mary Ford multiplying herself and her vacuum cleaner with it so she could finish the housework faster (a typical joke in the pre-feminist era). However, many business magazines are available only, or predominantly, on subscription. During his early radio shows, Paul introduced the mythical "Les Paulverizer" device, which was supposed to multiply anything fed into it, like a guitar sound or a voice. Some are sold through retail outlets, and indeed some of the most general such as Forbes and Business Week are in many respects similar to the current-affairs-oriented consumer magazines. His idea, later known as "Sel-Sync," in which a recording head could simultaneously record a new track and play back previously recorded ones, would further establish the future of multi-track recording. These publications carry news and other information relevant to a particular profession or industry. In 1954 Paul, continued to develop this technology, by commissioning Ampex to build the first eight track tape recorder, at his expense. The other broad category of magazine is the business magazine, sometimes called a trade magazine or B2B (business-to-business) magazine. These records were unique for their heavy use of overdubbing, which was technically impossible without Paul's inventions. Such magazines are usually free to the reader; the quantity of advertising that they carry varies greatly; and their circulations range from very small to very large - in some countries customer magazines are among the highest-circulation of all magazines. In the early 1950s, Paul made a number of recordings with wife, Colleen Summers (known on record as Mary Ford). A subset of the consumer magazine is the customer magazine, a publication similar in format and style to a consumer magazine but issued by an organisation such as a club, a retailer or an airline to communicate with its customers. Paul instructed the surgeons to set his arm at an angle that would allow him to cradle and pick the guitar. Most make the bulk of their money from advertising, and earn a smaller amount from the purchase price paid by readers; a few are free. Paul spent a year and a half recovering. Some, such as TV Guide are even tailored for local markets within a country. Paul was injured in a near-fatal automobile accident in January 1948 in Oklahoma, which shattered his right arm and elbow. While most of these magazines are available in the whole of the country in which they are published, some are specific to a local area, and a relatively small number are available internationally - often through localised editions so that, for example, the copy of Maxim bought in the USA does not contain the exact same articles as the edition on sale in the UK. When he later began using magnetic tape, the major change was that he could take his recording rig on tour with him, even making episodes for his 15-minute radio show in his hotel room. Among the hundreds or thousands of topics covered by specialist magazines are, for example, computer games, fishing, particular marques of automobile, particular kinds of music, and particular political interests. Even in these early days, he used the wax disk setup to record parts at different speeds and with delay, resulting in his signature sound with echoes and birdsong-like guitar riffs. They range from general-interest titles such as Time, Esquire and Cosmopolitan, which appeal to a broad spectrum of readers, to highly specialist titles covering particular hobbies, leisure pursuits or other interests. He favored the flywheel from a Cadillac for its weight and flatness. Consumer magazines are aimed at the public and are usually available through retail outlets. Paul even built his own wax-cutter assembly, based on auto parts. In practice, magazines are a subset of periodicals, distinct from those periodicals produced by scientific, artistic, academic or special interest publishers which are subscription-only, more expensive, narrowly limited in circulation, and often have little or no advertising. There is no record of how few 'takes' were needed before he was satisfied with one layer and moved onto the next. Magazines fall into two broad categories: consumer magazines and business magazines. He built the multi-track recording with overlaid tracks, rather than parallel ones as he did later. They are often printed in color on coated paper, and are bound with a soft cover. Paul would record a track onto a disk, then record himself playing another part with the first. Magazines are typically published weekly, biweekly, monthly, bimonthly or quarterly, with a date on the cover that is in advance of the date it is actually published. Amazingly, these recordings were made, not with magnetic tape, but with wax disks. A magazine is a periodical publication containing a variety of articles, generally financed by advertising and/or purchase by readers. This was the first time that multi-tracking had been used in a recording. In 1947, Capitol Records released a recording that had begun as an experiment in Paul's garage, entitled "Lover (When You're Near Me)", which featured Paul playing eight different parts on electric guitar. Heafy and Ben Foote. Les Paul guitars have been used by Duane Allman, Jeff Beck, Dickie Betts, Neal Schon, Tom Scholz, Mike Bloomfield, Eric Clapton, Davey Johnstone, Jimmy Page, Buckethead, Gary Rossington, Randy Rhoads, Slash, Pete Townshend, Johnny Marr, Zakk Wylde, Noel Gallagher, Kirk Hammett, Matt Skiba, Billie Joe Armstrong, Matt K. These days, Gibson Les Paul guitars are used all over the world, both by novices and professionals. In later years, they would change their mind. Gibson Guitar Corporation made a number of these guitars for Paul, but insisted that their name be left off of the instrument. In 1941, Paul designed and built one of the first solid-body electric guitars (though Leo Fender also independently invented his own solid-body electric guitar around the same time, and Adolph Rickenbacker had marketed a solid-body guitar in the 30s). The two also recorded together several times, including a 1945 number one hit, "It's Been a Long, Long Time." In addition to backing Crosby and artists like the Andrews Sisters, Paul's trio also recorded a few albums of their own in the late 1940s. Crosby went on to sponsor Paul's recording experiments. Also that year, Paul's trio appeared on Bing Crosby's radio show. As a last-minute replacement for Oscar Moore, Paul played with Nat King Cole and other artists in the inaugural Jazz at the Philharmonic concert in Los Angeles on July 2, 1944. Paul moved to Hollywood in 1943, where he formed a new trio. In 1938, Paul moved to New York and landed a featured spot with Fred Waring's Pennsylvanians radio show. This solved his two main problems - feedback, as the acoustic body no longer resonated with the amplified sound, and sustain, as the energy of the strings was not dissipated in generating sound through the guitar body. For appearances he attached the body of an Epiphone jazz guitar, sawn lengthwise with The Log in the middle. Famously, he created The Log which was nothing more than a length of common "4 by 4" fence post with bridge, guitar neck, and pickup attached. Paul was unsatisfied by the electric guitars that were sold in the mid 1930s and began experimenting with a few designs of his own. One album was credited to Rhubarb Red, Paul's hillbilly alter ego, and the other was in the backing band for blues artist Georgia White. Paul's first two records were released in 1936. In the 1930s, Paul worked in Chicago, Illinois in radio, where he performed jazz music. Louis, Missouri on KMOX. Soon after, he dropped out of high school to join Wolverton's Radio Band in St. At the age of 17, Paul played with Rube Tronson's Cowboys. By 13, Paul was performing semi-professionally as a country-music guitarist. After an attempt at learning to play the banjo, Paul began to play the guitar. Paul, born Lester William Polfus (Polsfuss) in Waukesha, Wisconsin, first became interested in music at the age of eight, when he began playing the harmonica. . He is a pioneer in the development of the solid-body electric guitar (the Gibson Les Paul he helped design is one of the most famous and enduring models), multitrack recording, and various reverb effects. Les Paul (born June 9, 1915) is best known as a guitarist, and as one of the most important figures in the development of modern electric instruments and recording techniques. Les Paul & Friends: American Made World Played. Chester and Lester - album with Chet Atkins. Les Paul Now!. Hits of Les and Mary. New Sound. The World is Still Waiting for the Sunrise. Warm and Wonderful. Lover's Luau. Swingin' South. The Les Paul Trio. "I'm Sitting on Top of the World". "Bye Bye Blues". "Vaya Con Dios". "How High the Moon". "Lover (When You're Near Me)". |