Lance Armstrong

Victories. Currently, other clean variants use an older core (2.02) and thus, K-Lite has some features that others will never have.
. K-Lite is also built off the new 2.7 core and is the only client in development. Teams. They also hope that since these clients use newer versions of the actual Kazaa program, they won't be affected by attempts to block Kazaa Lite from the network. He cited wanting to spend more time with his children as a major reason for retirement. The authors believe that these versions might therefore be legal.

Armstrong held a press conference to announce that he would retire from professional cycling after the 2005 Tour de France, which would be the final race of his 14 year career. These programs don't include any code by Sharman: they require the user to supply the original, unpatched Kazaa Media Desktop, and they execute it in an environment which removes the malware and adds some features. On April 18, 2005, these rumors were confirmed. Other programmers produced K-Lite v2.6/2.7¹, and Diet K. Immediately after winning his record sixth Tour de France, rumors began circulating about Armstrong's future, with some speculating that he would like to spend more time with his family, as well as girlfriend Sheryl Crow. These are slightly modified versions of Kazaa Lite. Armstrong's solicitors issued proceedings in the High Court in London against the Sunday Times and David Walsh, seeking substantial damages, and in Paris against Walsh, Ballester, the publishers of LA Confidential and the publishers of l’Express which printed excerpts from the book. After development of Kazaa Lite stopped, Kazaa Lite Tools K++ and Kazaa Lite Resurrection appeared.

None of his accusers have produced evidence to substantiate the rumors. During December 2003 Sharman emailed the owners of all sites hosting a copy of Kazaa Lite, threatening legal action if it was not removed. [2] (http://www.cyclingnews.com/news.php?id=news/2005/jun05/jun01news). On August 11, 2003, they sent a letter to Google requesting that all links to the Kazaa Lite application be removed from their database. In 2005, Italian police are investigating Armstrong for "private violence" and intimidating a witness as a result of this incident. Sharman Networks considers Kazaa Lite to be a copyright violation. Armstrong's tactic was controversial, with some commentators considering it vindictive. Others viewed it as a demonstration by Armstrong that he did not need drugs to be a superior rider to Simeoni. Later versions of Kazaa Lite included K++, a memory patcher that removes search limit restrictions, multisource limits, and sets one's "participation level" to the maximum of 1000.

The breakaway went on to take the stage. It was created by third party programmers by modifying the binary of the original Kazaa application. It was apparent that the peloton would chase down a breakaway which included Armstrong, so Simeoni was persuaded to leave it - with Armstong. It connects to the same FastTrack network and thus allows to exchange files with all Kazaa users. He told the members of the breakaway that he would be staying with them if Simeoni was present. It can be downloaded free of charge, and as of mid-2005 is almost as widely used as the official Kazaa client itself. Armstrong, however, single-handedly chased them down. It became available in April 2002.

As there was nobody in the breakaway that threatened in the general classification, the group stood a good chance of staying in front until the finish line. Kazaa Lite is an unauthorized modification of the Kazaa Media Desktop application which excludes adware and spyware and provides slightly extended functionality. In stage 18 Simeoni was in a group that had broken away from the main peloton. For other FastTrack-compatible clients, see FastTrack. During the 2004 Tour, the Armstrong-Simeoni feud manifested its presence during the race itself [1] (http://www.velonews.com/tour2004/details/articles/6647.0.html). This section is limited to those programs which are based on the official Kazaa client. Armstrong stated that Simeoni was not telling the truth, calling him "a compulsive liar", and a legal process started between the two. As a result of these additional components, CNet's Download.com site stopped the distribution of KaZaA in April 2004.

Ferrari. Malware installed by Kazaa includes:. Ferrari did not go beyond occasional consultations on altitude training and diet. Another racer, Italian Filippo Simeoni, implicated Armstrong when confessing to the use of illegal drugs prescribed by Dr. Also, spyware detection and removal software has frequently failed to delete the code without special actions taken by the PC user. Michele Ferrari, who in 2004 was found guilty in an Italian court for unlawful distribution of medicines and sporting fraud. Armstrong has stated that his connection to Dr. Since the allegations have surfaced, however, the code has been bundled into the main Kazaa software, and it is not possible to uninstall it. Particularly vocal have been Greg LeMond, the only other American to have won the Tour, and the French newspaper Le Monde, who have questioned his association with doctor/trainer, Dr. At one time, the part of the Kazaa code which was considered adware was an optional, though technically difficult not to install, part of the Kazaa installation.

In 1999 he tested positive for a corticoid, and although he did not declare taking the medication on the form before the test, the UCI accepted it was in his system due to his use of a legal skin cream to treat road rash and saddle sores. Sharman, Kazaa's home company, claims that the products are adware and do not collect personal user information. When training, Lance boosts his red blood cell count through cycling at altitude and sleeping in an altitude tent. Kazaa has, from early on, been accused of installing spyware or adware onto users' computers. Specifically, his hematocrit rate was never found to exceed the threshold above what suggests that the racer used the drug EPO, which was once rife throughout cycling (though Armstrong did take EPO for one of its approved medical uses, to help his recovery during cancer treatment, there is no suggestion that this was an unfair advantage for his subsequent cycling achievements). There are over 1.5 billion files on the network totalling 26 petabytes, with about 1,000 downloads every minute. However, despite being subjected to dozens of drug tests, he has never proved positive to any illicit substance. The number of users connected to the Kazaa network at any given time fluctuates between 1 million and 5 million users, with the average usually being around 3 million.

Like many top international sports men and women, Armstrong has long been dogged by allegations that he used performance-enhancing drugs. This is subverted by most of the unofficial clients and leaves legitimate third-party clients suffering. Postal Team competes in races worldwide, the riders selected to join Armstrong in the Tour de France are there specifically to help Armstrong win the Yellow Jersey. Kazaa uses a "participation level" system intended to reward participants who share much material with fast downloads. While the U.S. Many consider Kazaa to be superior to other file sharing programs because of its wide file selection and fast transfer speeds. While it is the P2P network with the largest installed userbase, it is worth noting that the Kazaa client installs spyware onto the user's machine, with potential security and privacy implications. Some have attributed Armstrong's success in recent years in part to his US Postal Service cycling team (now the Discovery Channel Team). It can be run on Linux, Mac OS X and other operating systems with emulation software like WINE and Virtual PC.

Despite this relatively defensive strategy, Armstrong's mountain attacks are so forceful that he often puts minutes on his rivals over the course of just a few kilometers. Currently, Kazaa has been released only for the Windows operating system. In the mold of Induráin, Armstrong is not very aggressive during the most of the Tour, preferring to gain a lead in the time trials or with a few well-placed mountain attacks, before sitting back and letting his team defend the lead. The trial began on November 29, 2004, and closing statements are expected in March 2005. Unlike most gifted climbers, however, Armstrong is also exceptional in the individual time trial, and is as good as, if not better than, those physically more suited to the discipline, such as rival Jan Ullrich. In February 2004, the Australian Record Industry Association (ARIA) announced its own legal action against Kazaa, alleging massive copyright breaches. Much of his training is based on raising this level, and in learning exactly where the limit is. An effort to throw out this suit was denied in January 2004.

The ability to maintain this high cadence for such long distances is based on his extremely high anaerobic threshold, allowing him to work at a high intensity without building up lactic acid levels that force lesser athletes to back off. Sharman Networks responded with a lawsuit against the RIAA, alleging that the terms of use of the network were violated and that unauthorized client software (such as Kazaa Lite, see below) was used in the investigation to track down the individual file sharers. Armstrong can maintain incredible speeds even when going up the most daunting climbs of the Tour and at times even specialist climbers are unable to keep pace with him on a consistent basis. In September 2003, the RIAA filed suit in civil court against several private individuals who had shared large numbers of files with Kazaa; most of these suits were settled with monetary payments averaging $3,000. As an example, the Spanish five-time Tour de France winner, Miguel Induráin, preferred to power a huge gear at a low cadence. That decision is currently under appeal to the US Supreme Court and a decision is expected in 2005. Pedalling very quickly (a high "cadence"), often in a lower gear than his competitors, he can maintain a cadence of 120 cycles per minute on flats during time trials, and is able to rapidly accelerate away from his main rivals who tend to use higher gears but pedal more slowly while riding uphill. That lawsuit is still pending, although a recent judgement by the Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals in a related lawsuit against a similar FastTrack client Grokster appears to take away the basis for the US Kazaa suit.

His riding style is also distinctive. However, in 2002, Sharman was sued in Los Angeles by the RIAA and the MPAA. For example, during his preparation for the 2004 Tour, he rode virtually every stage at least once, and rode the Alpe d'Huez climb, site of a key time trial, multiple times in the course of five days. A court of appeal in late March 2002 reversed the earlier judgment, stating that Kazaa was not responsible for the actions of its users. Lance has triumphed partly because he has made a career of the Tour de France, training in Spain for the year leading up to the Tour, and making frequent trips to France to fully analyze and ride key parts of the upcoming Tour course. Consumer Empowerment responded by selling the Kazaa application to a complicated mesh of offshore companies, primarily Sharman Networks, headquartered in Australia and incorporated in Vanuatu. For relaxation, Armstrong also enjoys mountain biking and trout fishing, and casual rides on his bike with his son. In November 2001, the court ordered Kazaa's owners to take steps to prevent its users from violating copyrights or else pay a heavy fine.

As of September 2004, Armstrong had been in a relationship with singer Sheryl Crow for about a year (source: The Tonight Show appearance September 1). Consumer Empowerment was taken to court in the Netherlands in 2001 by the Dutch music publishing body, Buma/Stemra. Armstrong and his wife Kristin (Kik - pronounced Keek) had a son shortly after his amazing comeback victory, and twin girls two years later, all by in vitro fertilization, or IVF. Armstrong and his wife divorced in 2003. Like the creators of many similar products, Kazaa's creators have been taken to court by music publishing bodies to restrict its use in the sharing of copyrighted material. He won the final individual time trial (ITT), stage 19, to complete his personal-record of stage wins. (Morpheus subsequently became a client of Gnutella.). For the first time Armstrong also found himself unable to ride away from his rivals in the mountains (except for the individual time trial in stage 16 up L'Alpe d'Huez when he started two minutes behind Basso and passed him up) and won in sprint finishes in stages 13 and 15 versus Basso and made up a huge gap in the last 250 meters to nip Andreas Klöden at the line in stage 17. However, once the official Kazaa client became more widespread, its developers used their ability to automatically update it, changing the protocol in February 2002 to shut out Morpheus clients when its developers failed to pay license fees.

After that he seized the reins by outsprinting Basso to take the very next stage, and followed that up by becoming the first man since Gino Bartali in 1948 to win three consecutive mountain stages—15, 16, and 17. Its initial userbase was made up of users of the Morpheus program, formerly a client of MusicCity. He contends he let his friend Ivan Basso win Stage 12 at the finish line as his way of offering support for Basso's mother's struggle with cancer, though video footage appears to show Armstrong being beaten fairly. It appeared during the end of the first generation of P2P networks – Napster shut down in July of that year. Postal Service "Blue Train". Kazaa and the FastTrack protocol are the brainchild of the Scandinavians Niklas Zennström and Janus Friis and were introduced in March 2001 by their Dutch company Consumer Empowerment. In his most recent Tour victory (2004), Armstrong won with a personal-best 5 stages, plus the team time trial (TTT) with his U.S. The official client can be downloaded free of charge and is financed by attached adware and spyware.

His final lead times over his closest competitor have been over six minutes every year except for 2003, when he finished 1:01 ahead of Jan Ullrich, following an unusual set of circumstances including a stomach illness at the outset of the race. It is also increasingly being used to exchange movie files. Lance's true comeback came in 1999, when he won his first Tour de France. It is commonly used to exchange MP3 music files. He was eventually signed by the newly formed United States Postal Service Pro Cycling Team, and by 1998, he was able to make his successful return in the cycling world marked by his fourth place overall finish in the Vuelta a España. Kazaa Media Desktop (once capitalized as "KaZaA", but now usually left as "Kazaa") is a peer-to-peer file sharing application using the FastTrack protocol. This was one of the factors which lead to his near retirement from the sport, because of which he and his then-girlfriend (now ex-wife) moved to France on two different occasions due to his changes of heart. Altnet - A distribution network for paid "gold" files.

While in remission he resumed training, but found himself unceremoniously, if unsurprisingly, dropped by his Cofidis team. B3D - An add-on which causes advertising popups if the PC accesses a website which triggers the B3D code. The standard chemotherapy for his cancer would have meant the end of his cycling career, because a known side effect was a dramatic reduction in lung function; he opted for a more severe treatment that was less likely to result in lung damage. Cydoor - Collects information on the PC's surfing habits and passes it on to the company which created Cydoor. Armstrong managed to recover after invasive surgery to remove brain lesions, and a severe course of chemotherapy, performed at Indiana University School of Medicine. After his recovery, one of his doctors told him that his actual odds of survival were considerably smaller (one even went as far as to say 3%), and that he had been given the 50 percent estimate primarily to give him hope.

His doctors told him that he had a fifty-percent chance of survival. In October of 1996, Armstrong was diagnosed with testicular cancer that had metastasized, spreading to his lungs and brain. Team Motorola was allowed to take an uncontested next stage as a mark of respect. As a young and hugely promising cyclist this was a blow for the team, the sport, and Fabio's nation, Italy.

During his time with Motorola, Fabio Casartelli, a teammate, died on a descent in the Tour. These early disappointments spurred him on to the great things he has achieved post-cancer, and he admits that had he given in on the devilishly difficult Clasica san Sebastian he could have retired from the sport.. Later in 1996, however, he abandoned the Tour de France and had a disappointing Olympic Games. He won the Tour DuPont again in 1996, and was ranked number one cyclist in the world.

cycling event, the Tour DuPont, having placed second in 1994. In that same year, he won the premier U.S. His successes continued with Team Motorola, with whom he won a stage in the 1995 Tour de France and several classic one-day events. Minutes later, the King invited both.

His victory was so dominant (he had time to blow kisses to his mother in the home straight) that he was invited to an audience with the King of Norway, which he initially turned down after finding his mother was not included in the invitation. The following year he scored his first major victory as he rode solo to win the World Road Championships in Oslo, Norway. After competing as a cycling amateur, winning the US amateur championship in 1991 and finishing 14th in the 1992 Olympics road race, Armstrong turned professional in 1992. He graduated from another high school in Dallas the following spring. Lance still harbors resentment toward Plano because of this and prefers his adopted home of Austin, Texas.

Armstrong withdrew from his high school, Plano East Senior High, with his mother's blessing and went to train with the team. Plano Independent School District's school board said that the six-week leave to train taken during the second semester of his senior year would bar him from graduating. At 17, Lance received an invitation to train with the Junior National Cycling Team. It soon became clear that his greatest talent lay in racing bikes.

Lance began his sporting career as a triathlete, competing in seniors' competitions from the age of 16. Armstrong received his surname at the age of three, when his mother married Terry Armstrong. Armstrong was born in Plano, Texas and was raised by his mother, Linda Mooneyham, whose spirit and independence has often been cited by Armstrong as his greatest influence.
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In April 2005, Armstrong announced that he would retire from racing after the 2005 edition of the Tour. He was also named Associated Press Male Athlete of the Year for 2002, 2003 and 2004, received ESPN's ESPY Award for Best Male Athlete in 2003 and 2004, and won the BBC Sports Personality of the Year Overseas Personality Award in 2003. In 2002, Sports Illustrated magazine named him their Sportsman of the Year. Armstrong's achievements have been widely lauded.

His success prompted some to nickname the event Tour de Lance. He is most famous for recovering from cancer to subsequently win the Tour de France a record six consecutive times—1999 to 2004. Lance Armstrong (born September 18, 1971) is an American cyclist from Texas. Linda Armstrong Kelly, Joni Rodgers: No Mountain High Enough : Raising Lance, Raising Me (ISBN 076791855X), Broadway Books 2005. Armstrong's mother's account of raising a world class athlete and overcoming adversity.

Stage 4 Volta ao Algrave (ITT). Stage 5 Tour du Languedoc-Roussillon. Tour de Georgia (2 stage victories). Tour de France (5 stage victories + Team Time Trial).

Critérium du Dauphiné Libéré (Overall), Stage 3 Critérium du Dauphiné Libéré (ITT). Tour de France (1 stage victory + Team Time Trial). GP du Midi-Libre. Critérium du Dauphiné Libéré, Stage 6 Critérium du Dauphiné Libéré.

Tour de France (4 stage victories). Tour de Suisse (2 stage victories). Tour de France (4 stage victories). Stage 3 Critérium du Dauphiné Libéré (ITT).

GP Eddy Merckx. GP des Nations. Tour de France (1 stage victory). Stage 4 Circuit de la Sarthe (ITT).

Stage 4 Route du Sud. Prologue Critérium du Dauphiné Libéré (ITT). Tour de France (4 stage victories). Cascade Classic.

Tour de Luxembourg (1 stage victory). Rheinland-Pfalz Rundfahrt. La Flèche Wallonne. Tour du Pont (5 stage wins).

Stage 5 Paris Nice. West Virginia Classic (1 stage win). Tour du Pont (3 stage wins). 18th stage of the Tour de France.

Clasica San Sebastian. Thrift Drug Classic. World Road Championships. West Virginia Classic (2 stage wins).

USPro Championship. 8th stage of the Tour de France. Trofeo Laigueglia. Thrift Drug Classic.

Tour de Ribera (4 stage wins). Thrift Drug Classic. Longsjo Classic (1 stage win). GP Sanson.

First Union Grand Prix. 2005: Discovery Channel Pro Cycling Team. 2003-2004: US Postal Service presented by Berry Floor. 1998-2002: US Postal Service.

1997: Cofidis. 1992-1996: Motorola. 1991-1992: United States National Team.