Kanye West

His 2005 Grammy nominations were (Awards won in bold):
. A major scandal evolved around the pair figure skating contest. At the 47th Annual Grammy Awards ceremony held on February 13, 2005, West won Best Rap Album for his album The College Dropout, Best Rap Song, along with long-time friend and rapper Rhymefest, for his single "Jesus Walks", and Best R&B Song for producing Alicia Keys' "You Don't Know My Name." West performed at the show alongside John Legend, Mavis Staples and the Blind Boys of Alabama. Alisa Camplin won Australia's second gold medal in freestyle skiing without the need for such incredible luck.
2005 Grammy Awards
In 2005, Kanye West received ten Grammy Award nominations, making him the most nominated artist of 2005. The phrase "to do a Bradbury" has since entered the Australian lexicon meaning to succeed through the failure of others. His nominations included (Awards won in bold):. Many Australians saw this as a painfully humorous example of the country's struggle for competitiveness in winter sports, being that it took for all other competitors to crash for an Aussie to win.

He also performed Touch the Sky after an appearance by long-time friend and comedian DeRay Davis (Barbershop, Wild N Out) who revisited his character as the leader of the fictional fraternity "Broke Phi Broke" from Late Registration. Bradbury was able to avoid the pileup, becoming the first Winter Olympic gold medallist from the Southern Hemisphere. At the ceremony, West performed Gold Digger with Jamie Foxx and members of the Florida A&M Marching 100 marching band. In the final, Bradbury was fifth going into the final lap, when another collision left him the last man standing. 2006 Grammy Awards
On February 8, 2006, West won three Grammy Awards after being nominated for eight, alongside Mariah Carey and his own protégé, John Legend. Australian Steven Bradbury, who would have been eliminated in the quarterfinals but for the disqualification of Marc Gagnon, advanced to the final when the four other competitors in his semifinal collided on the final lap. There is also speculation that he is producing tracks for Jay-Z in 2006, that he has a major sleeper from Louisiana up his sleeve, and infinite hits for radio and underground equally. The men's 1000 m short track speed skating event saw one of the unlikeliest results in sports history.

Artists rumored to release an album in 2006 are SA-RA, Consequence and GLC. Great Britain won their first Winter Olympic gold medal since 1984; the ladies Curling team springing a surprise result by beating the highly fancied Canadians in the gold medal match. Music label. Canadians jubilated as both their men's and their women's hockey teams defeated the United States to win the gold; the men's team thus ended a medal drought that had lasted 50 years to the day. Kanye West will be in the studio in 2006 to help launch the artists signed on his G.O.O.D. Jochem Uytdehaage broke three world records, winning two golds and a silver; Claudia Pechstein won the 5000 m for the third time in a row, while also winning the 3000 m. He said of the decision, "Now that I have a Grammy under my belt and Late Registration [West's second album] is finished, I am ready to launch my clothing line next spring." [3]. In speed skating, the high altitude of the skating rink assured several new world records.

In September 2005, West announced that he will release his Pastelle Clothing line in spring 2006. Simon Ammann won both individual ski jumping events, while Georg Hackl won his fifth consecutive medal in the same event (luge singles), a feat never before achieved by any Olympian. Other artists on the GOOD Music label include GLC, Consequence, Really Doe, SA-RA Creative Partners, and Farnsworth Bentley. Croatia's Janica Kostelic won four medals in alpine skiing, of which three were gold. "GOOD Music" (an acronym for Getting Out Our Dreams), the record label founded by Kanye West, has already released John Legend's platinum selling debut album Get Lifted, along with Common's platinum album - Be. Ole Einar Bjørndalen won all four biathlon events, while Samppa Lajunen took all three Nordic combined medals. Later that month, he drew fire for suggesting that he should be "a part of the Bible" and claiming that he is "definitely in the history books already." [2]. The Salt Lake City Olympics had many stars.

In February 2006, West again sparked controversy when he appeared on the cover of Rolling Stone in the image of Jesus wearing a crown of thorns. [2]. I don't want to hear all of that politically correct stuff." [1]. Jacques Rogge, presiding over his first Olympics as IOC president, told the athletes of the host country that their nation was overcoming the "horrific tragedy" of that day and stands united with them in promoting the IOC's ideals. After the 2006 Grammy nominations were released, West said he would "really have a problem" if he didn't win the Album of the Year award because of the comments, saying: "I don't care what I do, I don't care how much I stunt - you can never take away from the amount of work I put into it. During the opening ceremonies, Dr. East Coast in the live news-feed, but they were removed by the network when the concert was re-broadcast on the West Coast three hours later. The Games were also the first Olympics since September 11, 2001, which meant Olympic games since then required a higher level of security to avoid any terrorist attack.

And I wanna just, come on TV and just tell my rappers, just tell my friends, 'Yo, stop it.'" He also drew comparison between African Americans' struggle for civil rights and today's gay rights movement. Speed skating saw a wave of new world records thanks to the use of the revolutionary clap skate; Dutch skaters Gianni Romme and Marianne Timmer each won two golds. I love him and I've been discriminating against gays." He further said, "Not just hip-hop but America just discriminates against gay people." He concluded by saying ".. The US team then invited global scorn by vandalizing their rooms in the olympic athlete's village after completing their final game. He said, regarding this experience, "Yo, this is my cousin. However, neither nation medalled and the Czech Republic, anchored by future NHL Hall of Fame goaltender Dominik Hasek, captured the gold instead. "a turning point" when he realized that his cousin was gay. The men's ice hockey tournament was open to all players for the first time, making Canada and the United States favourites for the gold with their many NHL professionals.

He said that he had .. Two new sports were conducted - snowboarding and curling - while women's ice hockey was also included. He said that hip hop has always been about "speaking your mind and about breaking down barriers, but everyone in hip-hop discriminates against gay people." He then reflected on a personal experience. For the first time, more than 2000 winter athletes competed in the Winter Olympics, Japan's second Winter Olympics, held in the city of Nagano. On August 22, 2005, the MTV special All Eyes on Kanye West aired, on which West said that the term "gay" is the exact opposite word of "hip-hop" to many. Both skaters competed in the Games, but neither of them won the gold medal, which went to Oksana Baiul, who won Ukraine's first Olympic title. In "Crack Music", he raps, "How [will] we stop the Black Panthers?/Ronald Reagan cooked up an answer." In the second verse, he raps, "Who gave Saddam anthrax?/George Bush got the answer." He has accused American politicians of insensitivity, claiming they "...[ride] home in their Benzes and Bentleys while poor Africans starve.". American skater Nancy Kerrigan had been injured some months before the Games in an assault planned by the ex-husband of opponent Tonya Harding.

government through the polio vaccine. A lot of media attention, especially in the United States, went to the women's figure skating competition. On July 2, 2005, West appeared on the Philadelphia bill of Live 8, using the global platform to refer to "man-made diseases placed in African communities," a reference to the belief that AIDS was introduced to Africa by the U.S. Another American speed skater, Dan Jansen, ended years of Olympic frustration by winning gold in the 1000 m.
. US speed skater Bonnie Blair won the fourth and fifth gold medal of her career, including the third straight gold in the 500 m, while Canadian biathlete Myriam Bédard won both individual events in her sport. The band itself is also greatly influenced by Kanye and sought advice from him on how to improve production for their 2005 album You Could Have It So Much Better. Italian cross-country skier Manuela di Centa won five medals out of five events, including two gold medals; Lyubov Yegorova won three gold medals in the same sport.

West feels that the white crunk vibe has affected his new work, and is best exemplified on the track Diamonds from Sierra Leone, from his 2005 album Late Registration. Johann Olav Koss emulated Hjalmar Andersen's achievement of 1952, winning speed skating's three longest distances for his home audience - Koss set a new world record in each of the distances as well. West and the band met at the 2005 MTV Europe Music Awards, where they sat down together to share praise and advice. After the split-up of Czechoslovakia in 1993, the Czech Republic and Slovakia made their Olympic debut in Lillehammer, as did several former Soviet republics. In early 2005, West coined the term "white crunk" to describe the gritty drum sounds of Scottish alternative dance-rock group Franz Ferdinand, whom he claims is among his favorite bands. The event programme was again extended, adding two new events each in freestyle skiing and short track speed skating. Kanye West is also credited with revitalizing the careers of such rappers as Common and Twista, as well as more recently producing the critically acclaimed The Game track "Dreams.". The winter sports-minded Norwegians organised the Olympics extremely well, and many still consider them to be the best organised to date.

West is also featured on Brandy's single, "Talk About Our Love." Others with whom West has collaborated include Jay-Z, Talib Kweli, Mos Def, Hugh "MC Son" Ryan, Dilated Peoples, Mariah Carey, Miri Ben-Ari (whose violin arrangements featured heavily on The College Dropout), and John Legend (who also features on West's first album, providing background vocals). The Lillehammer Games were the first Winter Olympics to be held in a different year. West, holder of three Grammys, has collaborated with numerous artists, most notably with rapper Twista on songs such as "Overnight Celebrity" and "Slow Jamz" (also featuring Jamie Foxx) - the latter would reach number one on the Billboard Hot 100 Singles Chart, becoming the first number one hit for all artists involved. In 1986, the IOC decided to separate the Summer Games and Winter Games and reschedule them on four-year cycles two years apart. The album went on to sell over 904,000 copies in its first week, and spun off eight Grammy Award nominations including Album of the Year and Record of the Year for "Gold Digger." West announced that his third and fourth albums will be titled Graduation and A Good Ass Job, respectively. New Zealand skier Annelise Coberger made history with a silver medal in the women's slalom, becoming the first Winter Olympic medallist from the Southern Hemisphere. The first two singles were "Diamonds From Sierra Leone" (which contained samples from Shirley Bassey's "Diamonds Are Forever") and "Gold Digger" featuring Jamie Foxx. Finnish ski jumper Toni Nieminen made history by becoming the youngest male Winter Olympic champion.

On August 30th, 2005, Kanye West released his second album Late Registration. Several athletes won two gold medals, such as Petra Kronberger (skiing), Bonnie Blair, Gunda Niemann (both speed skating) and Kim Ki-Hoon (short track). A later single from the album, "Jesus Walks," would become a major success, and later a staple of his benefit performances, such as at the Live 8 concert. Norway won all cross-country events for men, with Bjørn Dæhlie and Vegard Ulvang each winning three gold medals. "Through the Wire", which sampled Chaka Khan's classic track "Through the Fire," would eventually become his lead single from The College Dropout, which was released on Roc-a-Fella Records in February 2004. The Soviet Union still competed as a single team, under the name of Unified Team, but the Baltic States made independent appearances, for the first time since World War II. With his mouth still wired shut and weeks after his accident, he recorded his song "Through the Wire.". Germany competed as a single nation for the first time since the 1930s, and former Yugoslavian republics Croatia and Slovenia made their debut.

A car crash on October 23, 2002 left his jaw fractured in three places. Political changes of the time were reflected in the Olympic teams appearing in France. He was therefore not marketable as an artist portraying the "typical rapper image.". Curling, speed skiing and two freestyle skiing events were demonstrated. Multiple record companies put him aside because he was not a former 'street hustler' and did not wear the orthodox hip-hop apparel. Women's biathlon was also included for the first time. Due to his appearance and overall style, West struggled to find a way to get his own voice on record. Two new sports, short track speed skating and freestyle skiing were on the programme.

West became a major name in hip-hop production following the release of Jay-Z's critically-acclaimed album The Blueprint, which featured six tracks produced by West. They were held in the French Haute Savoie region; Albertville itself only hosted 18 events. Although West's music speaks of his own and black America's economic struggle, in actuality West's mother was a distinguished doctor and Kanye was born into a privileged family. The 1992 Games were the last to be held in the same year as the Summer Games. West himself worked on his solo album for a long period of time, having the release pushed back on multiple occasions. Not all athletes making the headlines were winning medals: British ski jumper Eddie 'the Eagle' Edwards, who came in last, and Jamaica's first ever bobsleigh team also received plenty of attention. He gained some fame by producing hit singles for major Hip-Hop/R&B artists, including Alicia Keys, Jay-Z, Janet Jackson, Brandy, Talib Kweli, Hugh "MC Son" Ryan ,Ludacris and John Legend. Other stars of the Games include flamboyant Italian skier Alberto Tomba, East German figure skater Katarina Witt and Swedish cross-country skier Gunde Svan.

Even while attending school, West produced for local acts. Her total was equalled by Finnish ski jumper Matti Nykänen, who won all events in his sport. According to recently released police documents, he was briefly investigated for stalking Pat Buchanan. Dutch skater Yvonne van Gennip beat the favoured East German, winning three gold medals and setting two new world records. After attending Columbia College, a local art school in Chicago, and then Chicago State University, West dropped out and began working on his music career. For the first time, the speed skating events were held indoor, on the Olympic Oval. . New events had been added in alpine skiing, ski jumping and speed skating, while future Olympic sports curling, short track speed skating and freestyle skiing made their appearance as demonstration sports.

Kanye West (first name pronounced /Template:Kun/yay/) (born Kanye Omari West, June 8, 1977 in Atlanta, Georgia) is a six time Grammy Award winning American hip hop producer and rapper from Chicago, Illinois. The Canadian city of Calgary, Alberta hosted the first Winter Olympics to span 16 days. Hey Mama - (Spring 2006). In addition, Bill Johnson became the first American to win a medal in alpine skiing, winning the gold in the downhill event. Touch The Sky (January 2006) #67 US. East German figure skater Katarina Witt also won many hearts with her gold performance and stunning beauty. Heard 'Em Say Featuring Adam Levine (December 2005) #26 US, #22 UK. In figure skating, British ice dancers Jayne Torvill and Christopher Dean were popular with the audience and the jury, who gave them perfect scores for their free dance programme.

Gold Digger Featuring Jamie Foxx (October 2005) #1 US (10 weeks), #2 UK. Enke also won two silver medals in the other two women's speed skating events, which where completely dominated by East Germany, winning all gold and silver medals. Diamonds from Sierra Leone (July 2005) #43 US, #8 UK. Other well scoring athletes were skaters Gaétan Boucher (Canada) and Karin Enke (East Germany), who both won two gold medals. New Workout Plan #59 US. She added a bronze in the relay event. Jesus Walks (September 2004)#11 US, #16 UK. Finnish skier Marja-Liisa Hämäläinen took advantage of this new event, which allowed her to win three gold medals, winning all individual events.

All Falls Down Featuring Syleena Johnson (June 2004) #7 US, #10 UK. There was only one new event at the Sarajevo Games, a 20 km cross-country event for women. Through The Wire (April 2004) #15 US, #9 UK. This gap was filled by alpine skier Jure Franko, who won a silver medal in the giant slalom. Slow Jamz featuring Twista and Jamie Foxx #1 US (1 week). Sarajevo was quite a surprising choice for the Winter Olympics, as no Yugoslavian athlete had ever won an Olympic medal in the Winter Games. Graduation (October 2006). In a match later dubbed the "Miracle on Ice", the home team upset the favoured Soviet Union, and went on to win the title.

Late Registration (August 2005) #1 US, #2 UK; RIAA Certification: 3x Platinum. For the Americans, however, the highlight of the Games was the Olympic ice hockey tournament. The College Dropout (February 2004) #2 US, #12 UK; RIAA Certification: 3x Platinum WW sales 5x Platinum. In alpine skiing, Liechtenstein's Hanni Wenzel won two gold medals, as did Ingemar Stenmark from Sweden. Clinton Sparks presents Touch the Sky. Additionally, Heiden set world records in each of the 5 events he competed in, another record. Second Semester. However, where Skoblikova won four, Heiden won five gold medals, which made him the first to ever win five gold medals in individual events during a single Olympics (a record equalled by Vitaly Scherbo in the 1992 Summer Olympics).

The Lost Tapes. Speed skater Eric Heiden equalled Lidia Skoblikova's achievement from 1964 by winning all speed skating events. Tapemasters Inc- Kanye West: We Major. Nordic combiner Ulrich Wehling and figure skater Irina Rodnina both won their third consecutive gold medals in the same event, while biathlete Aleksander Tikhonov won his fourth one in the relay. Best of Kanye West. Fortunately, there were also many sporting highlights. Summer School (A roOts Compilation). The threat of the American boycott of the 1980 Summer Olympics was also clouding these Olympics, as the decision to do so fell during the Games.

Get Well Soon. No athlete managed to win three gold medals, but a few came close. Best Rap/Sung Collaboration, for "Slow Jamz" (featuring Twista and Jamie Foxx) off The College Dropout. New events on the programme were ice dancing and the men's 1000 m in speed skating. Best Rap/Sung Collaboration, for "All Falls Down (featuring Syleena Johnson" off The College Dropout. Because it was the second time the Austrian town hosted the Games, two Olympic flames were lit. Best Rap Solo Performance, for "Through The Wire," off The College Dropout. Innsbruck, which still had the venues of 1964 in good shape, was chosen in 1973 to replace Denver.

Best R&B Song, for co-writing Alicia Keys' "You Don't Know My Name" off The Diary of Alicia Keys. Originally, the 1976 Winter Games had been awarded to Denver, but in a 1972 plebiscite, the city's inhabitants voted against organising the Games. Best Rap Song, for writing "Jesus Walks", along with co-writer Rhymefest off The College Dropout. After this, all top-level cross-country skiing would take place with the athletes using skis made mostly of fibreglass synthetics. Best Rap Album, for The College Dropout. On a historical note, the 1972 Games were the last Olympic Winter Games where a skier would win the gold medal using all-wooden skis. Best New Artist. In alpine skiing, Spaniard Francisco Fernández Ochoa was the surprise winner of the slalom event.

Song of the Year, for writing "Jesus Walks", along with co-writer Rhymefest off The College Dropout. In ski jumping, Wojciech Fortuna from Poland won his country first gold medal, while the host nation performed a clean sweep of the other ski jumping event, also winning its first Olympic winter gold. Album of the Year, for contributions to The Diary of Alicia Keys. Sapporo also brought several surprising winners. Album of the Year, for The College Dropout. Switzerland's Marie Thérès Nadig and Vyacheslav Vedenin (USSR) both returned home with two Olympic gold medals. Best R&B Song, for co-writing Alicia Keys' "Unbreakable". Schenk won three of the four skating events (falling in the 500 m), while Kulakova won all three events she entered.

Best Rap/Sung Collaboration, for "They Say" (featuring John Legend and Common) (off Common's Be). Major stars of the Games were, without a doubt, Dutch speed skater Ard Schenk and Soviet cross-country skier Galina Kulakova. Best Rap Solo Performance for Gold Digger (from Late Registration). Also, the Canadian ice hockey team was absent, protesting the Eastern European "state amateurs", who, according to the Canadians, were in fact professionals. Best Rap Song, for "Diamonds from Sierra Leone" (from Late Registration). Eventually, only Austrian star Karl Schranz, who earned most of all skiers, was not allowed to compete. Best Rap Album, for Late Registration. Three days before the Olympics, IOC president Avery Brundage threatened to bar a large number of top alpine skiers from competing because they did not comply with the amateurism rules.

Record of the Year, for "Gold Digger" (featuring Jamie Foxx) (from Late Registration). The Games in Sapporo, Japan, were surrounded by several professionalism issues. Album of the Year, for contributions to Mariah Carey's The Emancipation of Mimi. The 1972 Winter Games were the first to be held outside North America or Europe. Album of the Year, for Late Registration. Her male colleagues of Norway, Ole Ellefsæter and Harald Grønningen, also won two gold medals. Other successful athletes were Italian bobsleigh driver Eugenio Monti, who won both bobsleigh events after a long Olympic career, and Toini Gustafsson of Sweden, who won both individual events in cross-country, and added a silver with the Swedish relay team.

The East German women had finished first, second and fourth, but were subsequently disqualified for heating their sledge's runners, which is illegal in lugeing. Another controversy arose in the women's luge. The jury later ruled Schranz had missed a gate before the interruption, and disqualified him as a winner. He had been allowed to re-ski his second run after he was interrupted by spectators.

Killy's third gold medal was slightly controversial however, as Austrian Karl Schranz was disqualified. By winning all three alpine events, he equalled Toni Sailer's 1956 performance. Alpine skier Jean-Claude Killy lead the home team's good performances. Another first in the Olympics were doping and sex tests.

One new event was added for the Grenoble Games: the 4 x 10 km relay in biathlon. Until 1964, they had competed in a combined German team. Held in the French town of Grenoble, the 1968 Winter Olympics were the first Olympic Games in which East and West Germany participated as separate countries. Also remarkable was Eugenio Monti, who leant a spare part of his bobsleigh to British competitors Tony Nash and Robin Dixon, enabling them to win the gold medal in the 2-man event.

The French sisters Marielle and Christine Goitschel took the first two places in both the slalom and the giant slalom event, each sister winning once. Two other cross-country skiers, Eero Mäntyranta and Sixten Jernberg, took home two gold medals. Speed skater Lidia Skoblikova swept all four women's events, while her compatriot Klavdia Boyarskikh did the same in women's cross-country, winning three golds. Two Soviet athletes were very successful at these Games.

Luge was first contested in the Olympics, although the sport got bad publicity when a competitor was killed in a pre-Olympic training run. Bobsleigh returned to the Olympics, while a new event was added to ski jumping and women's cross-country skiing. Despite being a traditional winter sports resort, there was a lack of snow and ice during the Games, and the Austrian army was called in to bring snow and ice to the sport venues. The Tyrolean city of Innsbruck was the host in 1964.

A surprise occurred in ice hockey, where the home team surprisingly defeated the favoured Soviets, Canadians and Czechs. 35-year-old Veikko Hakulinen of Finland won a complete set of medals in these Games, including a narrow win in the 4 x 10 km relay. The men's 10000 m saw Knut Johannesen glide to the gold in a time 46 seconds under the world record. She would add four more titles in 1964.

Fellow Russian Lidia Skoblikova won the two longest distances in the inaugural women's races. Even more remarkable was that he again tied for the gold in the 1500, this time with Norwegian Roald Aas. Yevgeni Grishin repeated his 1956 performance by winning both the 500 and 1500 m. Only two athletes managed to win more than one gold medal in Squaw Valley, both Soviet speed skaters.

While bobsleighing was absent, biathlon was first contested at the Olympics, and women first took part in speed skating. The Games were held from February 18 to 28. There was a fear of lack of snow, but late snowfall prevented a disaster. The organising committee found it too expensive as only 9 nations would take part.

By 1960, this had changed, although there was no bobsleigh run. At the time the Olympics were awarded to Squaw Valley, a resort town created by Alexander Cushing, near Lake Tahoe in California. Cross-country skier Sixten Jernberg won four medals for Sweden, but only one gold medal. He won all three alpine events, the first time this occurred in the Olympics.

Star of the Games, however, was Austrian skier Toni Sailer. They ended Canada's dominance over the Olympic ice hockey tournament, and the first non-Nordic medallist in cross-country skiing was also a Russian. In speed skating, Soviet skaters won three out of four events, with Yevgeni Grishin winning the 500 and 1500 m (the latter shared with compatriot Yuri Sergeyev). They immediately showed their potential by winning more medals than any other nation.

Most important development was the debut of the Soviet Union at the Winter Olympics. At the first Winter Games to be televised, the programme was extended with two events in cross-country skiing. After not being able to host the Games in 1944 due to the war, Cortina d'Ampezzo, Italy was able to organise the 1956 Winter Olympics, held from January 26 to February 5. Nineteen-year-old Andrea Mead Lawrence won two gold medals in alpine skiing, winning both the slalom and the giant slalom.

His 4-man crew weighed a record 472 kg, while the international bobsleigh federation had just decided before the Games that the weight limit would be 400 kg in the future. German bobsledder Andreas Ostler steered his crews to two gold medals. Germany returned to the Olympic Games after 16 years, although only represented by West German athletes. Speed skater Hjalmar Andersen excited the home crowd by winning gold medals in three of the four speed skating events.

Bandy, a popular sport in the Nordic countries, was held as a demonstration sport. The programme in Oslo, from February 14 to February 25, was expanded with the first ever cross-country event for women, while the alpine combination was replaced with the giant slalom. As a tribute, the Olympic Flame was lit in the fireplace of the home of skiing pioneer Sondre Nordheim. In 1952, the Winter Games came to Norway, considered to be the birthplace of modern skiing.

After the IOC threatened to annul the entire competition, the AHA team was removed from the standings and lost its fourth position. The IOC voted to bar both teams from competing, but Swiss allowed the AHA team to compete anyway, while the AOC team marched in the opening ceremonies. Because of a dispute, two American ice hockey teams arrived in Sankt Moritz: one sanctioned by the American Olympic Committee (AOC), and one sanctioned by the American Hockey Association (AHA). A strange incident occurred in ice hockey.

But the best Norwegian only placed 6th in 1948, and the title went to Heikki Hasu of Finland. This event had been dominated by Norway, which had won all medals from 1924 to 1936. A major upset occurred in the Nordic combined. Swedish cross-country skier Martin Lundström also won two golds.

Four new alpine skiing events were also held, allowing Frenchman Henri Oreiller to win three medals, including golds in the downhill and the combined event. The sport disappeared again after the Sankt Moritz games, returning again in 2002. Remarkably, American John Heaton won the silver, as he had done in 1928. Skeleton returned on the programme after 20 years.

Twenty-Eight countries competed in Switzerland from January 30 to February 8, although athletes from Germany and Japan were not invited. The Swiss town of Sankt-Moritz, untouched by the war because Switzerland remained neutral, became the first place to organize the Winter Olympics for the second time. The 1944 Winter Olympics, scheduled to take place in Cortina d'Ampezzo, were cancelled in the Summer of 1941. Garmisch-Partenkirchen (Germany) stepped in to organise the Games again, but the Games were cancelled in November 1939, because Germany invaded Poland in September 1939.

Moritz from the Games, because of quarrels with the Swiss organisation team. Moritz (Switzerland) was chosen by the IOC to host the 1940 Winter Olympics, but three months later the IOC withdrew St. St. The 1940 Winter Olympics had originally been awarded to Japan, and were supposed to be held in Sapporo, but Japan had to give the Games back in 1938, because of the Japanese invasion of China in the Sino-Japanese War (1937-1945).

The Second World War interrupted the celebration of the Winter Olympics. However, most of the British players were born in, or lived in, Canada. An upset occurred in the ice hockey tournament, where Canada was defeated for the first time, and lost the gold medal to Great Britain. He did win the ski jumping event, held one week later.

He led the alpine combined event after the downhill, but dropped to fourth place in the slalom. Another Norwegian, Birger Ruud attempted a rare double, competing in both ski jumping and alpine skiing. His compatriot, Sonja Henie won her third straight title, and turned professional after the Games. Norwegian Ivar Ballangrud dominated the speed skating events, winning three of them, and placing second in the fourth.

The cross-country relay was also held for the first time, while the military patrol and ice stock sport were demonstration sports. This decision caused the Swiss and Austrian skiers to boycott the Olympics. Alpine skiing made its Olympic debut in Germany, but skiing teachers were barred from entering, as they were considered to be professionals. The Bavarian twin towns of Garmisch and Partenkirchen joined to organise the 1936 edition of the Winter Games, held from February 6 to 16.

As of 2004, he is the only Olympian to have won gold medals in both the Summer and Winter Olympics. One of the members of Fiske's gold medal-winning sled was Eddie Eagan, who had been an Olympic champion in boxing in 1920. Sonja Henie (figure skating) and Billy Fiske (bobsleigh) successfully defended their titles. Swedish figure skater Gillis Grafström didn't manage to win his fourth straight Olympic gold, being defeated by Austria's Karl Schäfer.

There were three demonstration sports in Lake Placid: sled dog racing, curling and women's speed skating. (Bernt Evensen from Norway won silver on the 500 m., and his fellow countryman Ivar Ballangrud did the same on the 10000 m.) Jack Shea and Irving Jaffee shared the gold between them, winning two gold medals each. This gave the American and Canadian skaters an advantage from which they benefited by winning all but two of the available skating medals. The two-man bobsleigh event was scheduled for the first time, while the speed skating events were conducted in mass start format, as was common in North America.

The Games opened on February 4 and closed on February 15. On top of that, these games too were marred by warm weather, which eventually made it necessary to extend them for two more days. However, fewer athletes participated than in 1928, as the journey to Lake Placid, New York was a long and expensive one for most competitors, and there was little money for sports in the midst of the Great Depression. For the first time, the Winter Olympics came to North America.

The 10000 m speed skating was abandoned in the 5th pair, and the 50 km cross-country ended with a temperature of 77°F (25°C), forcing a third of the field to abandon competition. Warm weather conditions plagued the Olympics on the fourth day. It would turn out this was also the first of three titles for her. His female counterpart was Norwegian Sonja Henie, only 15 years old at the time.

Gillis Grafström won his third consecutive figure skating title. Johan Grøttumsbråten also won two golds, winning the 18 km cross-country and the Nordic combined events. Clas Thunberg won two more Olympic gold medals, bringing his total to five. The American Heaton brothers won first and second place.

Curling and military patrol were no longer medal sports (although the latter was demonstrated) while skeleton made its first Olympic appearance. Moritz was appointed by the Swiss organizers to host the second Olympic Winter Games, held from February 11 to February 19 in 1928. St. Their gold medal was upgraded from demonstration medal to official status.

In 2006 a further change was made, the IOC reconsidered the case of the all-Scottish curling team of father and son Willie and Laurence Jackson, Robin Welsh and Tom Murray representing Great Britain. Furthermore he placed third in the ski jumping contest, but 50 years later it was discovered that a counting error had been made and that the bronze should have been awarded to American Anders Haugen, who received it in a special ceremony at age 83. He won both cross-country skiing events, as well as the Nordic combined. Finnish speed skater Clas Thunberg won three gold medals, while Norwegian Thorleif Haug also won three golds.

Finnish and Norwegian athletes dominated the events. The first event on the programme was the 500 m speed skating, which was won by American Charlie Jewtraw, thereby becoming the first Winter Olympic champion. From January 25 to February 5, more than 200 athletes from 16 nations competed in 16 events. The French town of Chamonix in the Haute-Savoie was the host of the first Olympic Winter Games.

speed skating. The 1924 events were retroactively designated as the first Winter Olympics at the 1926 IOC Session. This week proved a great success, and in 1925 the IOC decided to create separate Winter Olympic Games, not connected to the Summer Olympics. At the IOC Congress held the next year, it was decided that the organisers of the next Olympics (France) would also host a separate "International Winter Sports Week", under patronage of the IOC.

The first Olympics after the war, the 1920 Games in Antwerp again featured figure skating, while ice hockey made its Olympic debut. A winter sports week with speed skating, figure skating, ice hockey and Nordic skiing was planned, but the 1916 Olympics were cancelled after the outbreak of World War I. However, this same idea was again proposed for the 1916 Games, which were to be held in Berlin. The organisers opposed this idea, wanting to promote the Nordic Games, a winter sports competition held every four years between competitors from the Nordic countries.

Three years later, Italian count Eugenio Brunetta d'Usseaux proposed to the IOC to stage a week with winter sports as part of the 1912 Summer Olympics in Stockholm. Ulrich Salchow (10-fold World champion) and Madge Syers (the first competitive woman figure skater) won the individual titles with ease. However, no skating was conducted at the Olympics until the 1908 Summer Olympics in London, which featured four figure skating events. When the International Olympic Committee (IOC) was established in 1894, one of the sports proposed for the programme was ice skating.

. . The Italian city of Turin (Torino) is currently hosting the Winter Olympics, followed by Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada in 2010. Most recently, the 2002 Games were held in Salt Lake City, Utah, United States.

The Winter Olympics are held every four years. They feature winter sports held on ice or snow, such as ice skating and skiing. The Winter Olympic Games, Winter Olympics for short but more correctly The Olympic Winter Games, are the cold-weather counterpart to the Summer Olympic Games. Winter pentathlon, a variant to the modern pentathlon, was included as a demonstration event in 1948.

Synchronized skating (2002). Speed skiing (1992) (could return to Winter Olympic Games 2010). Snowshoeing (2002). Sled-dog racing contests were displayed in Lake Placid 1932.

Skijöring, skiing behind horses, was a demonstration sport in Sankt Moritz 1928. Ice stock sport, a German variant to curling, was demonstrated in 1936 and 1964. Bandy, a sport briefly described as "ice hockey with a ball", very popular in the Nordic countries, was demonstrated in 1952 (could return to Winter Olympic Games 2010). It was also demonstrated in 1928, 1936 and 1948, and in 1960 biathlon became an official sport.

Military patrol, a precursor to the biathlon, was a medal sport in 1924. The team pursuit event will make its debut in 2006. The all-round competition was only contested in 1924. Current events are the 500 m, 1000 m, 1500 m, 3000 m (women only), 5000 m and 10000 m (men only).

Women's events were not included until 1960, although they were demonstrated in 1932 and had been on the preliminary programme for 1940. Speed skating has been on the programme since 1924. The giant slalom was replaced by a parallel giant slalom for 2002, and in 2006 the snowboard cross event will be added. Snowboarding was first contested at the 1998 Olympics, with giant slalom and halfpipe events for both sexes.

This sport is only contested by men. A second event (large hill) was introduced in 1964, and a team event followed in 1988. Ski jumping has been an Olympic sport since 1924, with the normal hill event contested. It was not held again until it was included again in 2002, with individual events for both men and women.

Skeleton was included in both Olympics held in Sankt Moritz, the birthplace of the sport. The events are the same for both men and women: 500 m, 1000 m, 1500 m and the relay (5000 m (men)/3000 m (women)). The programme was expanded from 4 in 1992 to 8 in 2002. Short track speed skating was a demonstration sport in 1988, and was included as a full sport four years later.

Only men compete in this sport. A third event, the sprint, made its debut in 2002. Until 1988, when a team event was added, there was only an individual event. Nordic combined, a combination of ski jumping and cross-country skiing, has been Olympic since 1924.

The latter is technically open for both men and women, but in practice, only men compete. It included a singles event for both men and women, and a doubles event. Luge first entered the Olympic programme in 1964, and the three events conducted then are still unchanged. A women's tournament was first conducted in 1998.

Ice hockey was already held at the 1920 Summer Olympics, and has been played in every celebration of the Winter Games. Both events are held for men and women. The aerials also received official status in 1994. The moguls event become Olympic in 1992, while ballet and aerials remained a demonstration event.

Freestyle skiing was first demonstrated in three disciplines in 1988. The special figures event for men was only conducted in 1908. The single events for men and women, and the pairs contest have been on the programme since 1908, ice dancing was first included in 1976. Figure skating was the first winter sport to be included in the Olympics, appearing in the programme of the Summer Olympics in 1908 and 1920.

Since then, separate tournaments for men and women have been held. It was demonstrated in 1932, 1988 and 1992, to be officially included in 1998. Curling was on the programme in 1924, but disappeared afterwards. The number of events has steadily grown over the years, being 12 in 2002: sprint (1.5 km), pursuit (10 km for men, 5 km for women), mass start (30 km (men)/15 km (women)), 10 km (women), 15 km (men), 30 km (women), 50 km (men), relay (4 x 10 km (men), 4 x 5 km (women)).

Nordic skiing has always been on the Olympic programme. Women didn't compete until 2002, when the two-woman race was included. The four-man event has been held since 1924, the two-man event was added in 1932. Bobsleighing has been included since 1924, although it was not held in 1960.

A mass start event will be added in 2006 (15 km (men)/12.5 km (women)). At present there are 4 events, conducted by both men and women: the sprint (10 km (men)/7.5 km (women)), the individual (20 km (men)/15 km (women)), the pursuit (12.5 km (men)/10 km (women)) and the relay (4 x 7.5 km). Women first participated in 1992. Only a single individual event for men was included in 1960, but events have been added over the years.

Biathlon was first included in 1960, although the very similar military patrol was contested in 1924. The current program features 10 events, with both men and women skiing the downhill, super g, giant slalom, slalom and combined events. It was not conducted in 1940 due to professionalism disputes, but it was on the program again in 1948. Alpine skiing was first included in 1936.