Kansas

Kansas was first among the states to ban the concept of separate but equal schools. Over the years, many plans to bring BART to San Jose have been suggested, but none have been built. Kansas schools both public and private continue to have some of the highest standards in the nation. During holidays, historic streetcars from the San Jose History Museum operate on the light rail lines in downtown. The VTA also operates many bus routes in San Jose and the surrounding communities, as well as offering paratransit services to local residents. The council-manager government was adopted by many larger Kansas cities in the years following World War I while many American cities were being run by political machines or organized crime. Commuter rail service to San Jose is provided by Amtrak, Caltrain (commuter rail service to San Francisco and Gilroy), ACE (commuter rail service to Pleasanton and Stockton), and a local light-rail system connecting downtown to Mountain View, Milpitas, and Almaden Valley, operated by the Santa Clara Valley Transportation Authority (VTA). Kansas had a reputation as a progressive state with many firsts in legislative initiatives—it was the first state to institute a system of workers compensation (1910). San Jose contains many expressways of the Santa Clara County expressway system.

Moore is the only Democrat in the delegation; all others are Republicans. The San Jose area has a well-developed freeway system, including three Interstate highways—I-280, I-880, and I-680—in addition to several federal and state highways, US 101, CA-85, CA-87, CA-17, and CA-237. The state's current delegation to the United States Congress includes Senators Sam Brownback and Pat Roberts and Representatives Jerry Moran (District 1), Jim Ryun (District 2), Dennis Moore (District 3), and Todd Tiahrt (District 4). In August, 2004, the Authority hosted the USA All-Star 7-Aside Rugby Championships at Watson Bowl, east of Downtown. Their current term will end in January of 2007, and they are able to run for re-election in 2006. Olympic team trials for judo, taekwondo, trampolining and rhythmic gymnastics at the San Jose State Event Center. Both are elected on the same ticket to a maximum of two consecutive 4-year terms. In 2004, the San Jose Sports Authority hosted the U.S.

Moore. The Pac-10 Women's Basketball Championship is held at the HP Pavilion as well as either the men's or women's West Regional tournament during the NCAA's March Madness. The top executives of the state are Governor Kathleen Sebelius and Lieutenant Governor John E. In college sports, the San Jose State Spartans are the local college team, but most of the city's population support either the Stanford Cardinal, the Cal Golden Bears, or the Santa Clara Broncos. The state capital is Topeka. The city has also been selected to be one of five host cities for the inaugural Dew Action Sports Tour season; the San Jose event will be held in September 2005. Famous sport athletes from Kansas include Barry Sanders, Gale Sayers, Wilt Chamberlain, Jim Ryun, Walter Johnson, Maurice Greene and Lynette Woodard. The San Jose Grand Prix, scheduled to be held in July 2005, will bring Champ Car racing on a temporary road course on Downtown streets.

Kansas was home to President Eisenhower, presidential candidates Bob Dole and Alf Landon, Amelia Earhart, and Carrie Nation. The SAP Open (formerly the Sybase Open) is an annual men's tennis tournament held at the HP Pavilion. Wild Bill Hickok was a deputy marshal at Fort Riley and a marshal at Hays and Abilene. In addition to professional teams, San Jose hosts several sporting events. On August 21, 1863, William Quantrill led Quantrill's Raid into Lawrence destroying much of the city and killing many people. Previously, San Jose was home to the:. On February 19, 1861 it became the first U.S. state to prohibit all alcoholic beverages. San Jose is the home of the:.

Civil War veterans constructed homesteads in Kansas following the war. [16] (http://www.sjredevelopment.org/101204/5-1DowntownTheaterUpdate.pdf) (caution, PDF). Kansas became the 34th state of the Union on January 29, 1861. [15]  (http://www.siliconvalley.com/mld/mercurynews/news/columnists/leigh_weimers/10045287.htm?template=contentModules/printstory.jsp) Including sporting events, the HP Pavilion averages 184 events a year, or roughly one event for every two days, which is significantly higher than the average for NHL arenas. On March 30, 1855 "Border Ruffians" from Missouri invaded Kansas during the territory's first election and forced the election of a pro-slavery legislature. The HP Pavilion is one of the most active venues for events in the world. According to Billboard Magazine and Pollstar, the arena sold the most tickets to non-sporting events of any venue in the United States, and third in the world after the Manchester Evening News Arena in Manchester, England, and the Bell Centre in Montreal, Quebec, Canada, for the period from January 1 – September 30, 2004. To travellers enroute to Utah, California, or Oregon, Kansas was a waystop and outfitting place. In addition, the annual Cinequest Film Festival in downtown has grown to over 60,000 attendees per year, becoming an important festival for independent films.

Fort Leavenworth was the first community in the area around 1827. The city is home to many performance arts, including Opera San Jose, Symphony Silicon Valley, Ballet San Jose Silicon Valley, the San Jose Repertory Theatre, and American Musical Theatre of San Jose. territories of Nebraska and Kansas. The sharks can still be found in their new owners' homes and businesses. The Kansas-Nebraska Act became law on May 30, 1854 and established the U.S. After the exhibition, the sharks were auctioned off and the proceeds donated to charity. Kansas then became part of the Missouri Territory until 1821. Many displays were removed early because of vandalism.

Kansas, as part of the Louisiana Purchase, was annexed to the United States in 1803 as unorganized territory. Large models of sharks were decorated in a variety of clever, colorful, or creative ways by local artists and were then displayed for months at dozens of locations around the city. Main article: History of Kansas. In 2001, the city sponsored SharkByte, an exhibit of decorated sharks, based on the mascot of the hockey team, the San Jose Sharks, and modeled after Chicago's display of decorated cows [14] (http://www.chicagotraveler.com/cows_on_parade.htm). postal abbreviation for the state is KS. [13] (http://www.morrill.org/books/quetzalcoatl.shtml) And the statue of Thomas Fallon, met strong resistance from those who felt that these people were largely responsible for the decimation of early native populations. The U.S. Two examples, include the statue of Quetzalcoatl (the plumed serpent) in downtown which was controversial in its planning because some religious groups felt that it was pagan, and controversial in its implementation because many felt that the final statue by Robert Graham did not closely resemble a winged serpent, and was more noted for its expense than its aesthetics.

Kansas, derived from the Siouan word Kansa meaning "People of the south wind", is a midwestern state in the United States. Within the early efforts at public art, there are notable controversies. Many Kansans also support the sports teams of Kansas City, Missouri, including the Kansas City Royals and the Kansas City Chiefs. Of particular note, the Mineta Airport expansion will incorporate a program of Art & Technology into its development. Kansas City T-Bones, Wichita Wranglers, Wichita Thunder, Topeka Tarantulas, Wichita Wings (defunct). There is a considerable amount throughout the downtown area, and a growing collection in the City's neighborhood newer civic locations including libraries, parks, and fire stations. The Boyer Gallery, a collection of animated sculptures made by Paul Boyer is located in Belleville, Kansas. The City was one of the first to adopt a public art ordinance at 2% of capital improvement building project budgets, and the results of this commitment are beginning to have an impact on the visual landscape of the City.

It is also home to Apollo 13, an SR-71 Blackbird, and many other space artifacts. Public art is an evolving attraction in the city. The museum features the largest collection of artifacts from the Russian Space Program outside of Moscow. The new City Hall, designed by Richard Meier & Partners opened in 2005 and is a notable addition to the growing collection of municipal building projects. The Kansas Cosmosphere and Space Center, located in Hutchinson, Kansas is affiliated with the Smithsonian Institute. The Children's Discovery Museum, Tech Museum of Innovation, and the San Jose Repertory Theater building have experimented with bold colors and unusual exteriors. The Horace Greeley museum is located in Tribune, Kansas. Municipal building projects have experimented more with architectural styles than have most private enterprises.

The National Agriculture Center and Hall of Fame is located in Bonner Springs, Kansas. Because the downtown area is in the flight path to nearby Mineta International Airport, there is a permanent height limit for all buildings. The National Teachers Hall of Fame is located in Emporia, Kansas. San Jose's downtown architecture is noted more for its limited height than for any particular buildings. The Wizard of Oz Museum in Liberal, Kansas features Dorothy's House, a recreation of the farm house featured in the film The Wizard of Oz. Related topics: Maps of San Jose, California. The Boot Hill Museum in Dodge City, Kansas features Old West memorabilia and history. Out of the total population, 10.3% of those under the age of 18 and 7.4% of those 65 and older are living below the poverty line.

(website (http://www.doleinstitute.org)). 8.8% of the population and 6.0% of families are below the poverty line. The institute is located in Lawrence, Kansas on the campus of the University of Kansas. The per capita income for the city is $26,697. Dole Institute of Politics houses the largest collection of papers for a politician other than a president. Males have a median income of $49,347 versus $36,936 for females. The Robert J. The median income for a household in the city is $70,243, and the median income for a family is $74,813.

(website (http://www.lecomptonkansas.com/index.php?doc=consthall.php)). For every 100 females age 18 and over, there are 102.5 males. Constitution Hall in Lecompton, Kansas is the location where the Kansas Territorial Government convened and drafted a pro-slavery constitution. For every 100 females there are 103.3 males. The house of Carrie Nation, now a museum, is located in Medicine Lodge, Kansas. The median age is 33 years. Abilene, Kansas is also the ending point of the Chisholm Trail where the cattle driven from Texas were rail loaded. In the city the population is spread out with 26.4% under the age of 18, 9.9% from 18 to 24, 35.4% from 25 to 44, 20.0% from 45 to 64, and 8.3% who are 65 years of age or older.

Eisenhower, the Eisenhower Library, and his grave are located in Abilene, Kansas. The Greyhound Hall of Fame is located in Abilene. The average household size is 3.20 and the average family size is 3.62. The boyhood home of Dwight D. 18.4% of all households are made up of individuals and 4.9% have someone living alone who is 65 years of age or older. The plant sits on over 9000 acres (36 km²) of land which was made up of more than 100 farms. There are 276,598 households out of which 38.3% have children under the age of 18 living with them, 56.0% are married couples living together, 11.7% have a female householder with no husband present, and 26.4% are non-families. The Sunflower Army Ammunition Plant in De Soto, Kansas opened in 1942 to manufactor gunpowder and munition propellants for World War II. 30.17% of the population are Hispanic or Latino of any race.

Board of Education was filed, is now a National Historic site in Topeka, Kansas. The racial makeup of the city is 47.49% White, 3.50% African American, 0.77% Native American, 26.86% Asian, 0.40% Pacific Islander, 15.94% from other races, and 5.04% from two or more races. Monroe Elementary, the school Linda Brown attended when the historic case Brown v. There are 281,841 housing units at an average density of 622.3/km² (1,611.8/mi²). The John Brown museum is located in Osawatomie, Kansas. The population density is 1,976.1/km² (5,117.9/mi²). The museum features many works of art created by people with no formal training, and it sits only a block or two from the Garden of Eden. As of the census² of 2000, there are 894,943 people, 276,598 households, and 203,576 families residing in the city.

Lucas, Kansas is also home to the Grassroots Art Center [2] (http://home.comcast.net/~ymirymir/index2.htm). [12] (http://www.mostlivable.org/cities/sanjose/home_accolades.html). [1] (http://www.missioncreep.com/tilt/dinsmoor.html). are invested in San Jose and Silicon Valley companies. Dinsmoor even built his own mausoleum in which you can still see him today in his concrete coffin by paying for the tour. patents than any other city, the average worker productivity in San Jose is double the national average, and 35 percent of venture capital funds in the U.S. One scene has labor being crucified by a doctor, lawyer, banker, and preacher. San Jose residents produce more U.S.

The garden features sculptures of biblical scenes and political messages. [11] (http://www.fedc.com/ACCRACostofLivingIndex2ndQuarter2004.htm) Housing costs in the city are the primary reason for the high cost of living, although the costs in all areas tracked by ACCRA are above the national average. Despite the high cost of living, San Jose households have the highest disposable income on any large American city. Samuel Dinsmoor created the Garden of Eden in Lucas, Kansas in 1905, and opened it up to tourists in 1908. only New York City and San Francisco are more expensive. It is 160 feet tall and weighs 11 million pounds. The cost of living in San Jose and the surrounding areas is among the highest in California and the nation; in the U.S. Big Brutus, the World's second largest Electric Shovel resides in West Mineral, Kansas. [10] (http://www.sanjoseca.gov/planning/factsheet/employment.html).

The disputed World's Largest Ball of Twine created August 15, 1953, in Cawker City, Kansas, is still growing. Sizable government employers include the city, Santa Clara County, and San José State University. The city lists 25 companies with 1,000 employees or more, including the headquarters of Adobe Systems, BEA Systems, Cisco, and eBay, as well as major facilities for Flextronics, Hewlett-Packard, IBM, Hitachi and Lockheed Martin. As of 2003, the city reported 355,000 jobs within the city limits and an unemployment rate of 8.7%. During the peak of the tech bubble, employment, housing prices, and traffic congestion peaked, but all eased as the economy slowed during the first few years of the 21st century.

San Jose considers itself "the Capital of Silicon Valley." As such, its economy rises and falls with high-tech employment in the Bay Area. Downtown San Jose experiences the lightest rainfall in the city, while South San Jose, only 10 miles (16 km) distant, experiences more rainfall and slightly more extreme temperatures. Again, like most of the Bay Area, San Jose is made up of dozens of microclimates. Snow fell on the valley floor in San Jose most recently in January of 1976, about an inch (25 mm) that melted soon after the sun rose.

The snow level drops as low as 2,000 ft (610 m) above sea level occasionally each winter, coating nearby Mount Hamilton with light snow that seldom lasts a day> This sometimes snarls traffic travelling on State Route 17 towards Santa Cruz. During the winter, hillsides and fields turn green with native grasses and vegetation, although deciduous trees are bare; with the coming of the annual summer dry period, the vegetation dies and dries, giving the hills a golden cover, which some find beautiful but which also provides fuel for frequent grass fires. Rain occurs primarily in the months from October through April or May, with hardly any rainfall from June through September. With the light rainfall, San Jose experiences over 300 days a year of full or significant sunshine.

Temperatures between night and day can vary by 30 or 40 °F (17 to 22 °C). The highest temperature ever recorded in San Jose was 109 °F (42.8°C); the lowest was 21 °F (-6 °C). January's average high is 59 °F (15 °C) and average low is 42 °F (6 °C), with overnight freezes several nights each year; July's average high is 84 °F (29 °C) and average low is 58 °F (14 °C), with heat exceeding 100 °F (38 °C) several days each year. However, temperatures are generally moderate.

It also avoids San Francisco's omnipresent fog most of the year. Unlike San Francisco, which is exposed to the ocean or Bay on three sides and whose temperature therefore varies relatively little year-round and overnight, San Jose lies more inland, protected on three sides by mountains. This shelters the city from rain and makes it more of a semiarid, near-desert area, with a mean annual rainfall of only 14.4 inches (366 mm), compared to some other parts of the Bay Area, which can get up to four times that amount. San Jose, like most of the Bay Area, has a Mediterranean climate tempered by the presence of the San Francisco Bay. Some residents object to the deep yellow color of the streetlights, saying they are distracting because they are the same shade of yellow as traffic lights and other illuminated traffic warnings--image of the similarity here (http://www.baddesigns.com/strlt.html).

To recognize the city's efforts, the asteroid 6216 San Jose was named after the city. Due to the proximity to Lick Observatory atop Mount Hamilton, San Jose has taken several steps to reduce light pollution, including replacing all street lamps with low pressure sodium lamps. The lowest point in San Jose is at sea level at the San Francisco Bay in Alviso; the highest is 4,372 feet (1,333 m) at Copernicus Peak, Mount Hamilton. military from 1870 to 1945.

Along the southern part of the river is the neighborhood of Almaden Valley, originally named for the mercury mines which produced mercury needed for gold extraction from quartz during the California gold rush as well as mercury fulminate blasting caps and detonators for the U.S. The Guadalupe River runs from the Santa Cruz Mountains (which separate the South Bay from the Pacific Coast) flowing north through San Jose, ending in the San Francisco Bay at Alviso. The other faults near San Jose are the Monte Vista Fault, South Hayward Fault, Northern Calaveras Fault, and Central Calaveras Fault. The Loma Prieta earthquake of 1989 also did some damage to parts of the city.

The Daly City Earthquake of 1957 caused some damage. Earlier significant quakes rocked the city in 1839, 1851, 1858, 1864, 1865, 1868, and 1891. The most serious earthquake, in 1906, damaged many buildings in San Jose as described earlier. San Jose lies near the San Andreas Fault; a major source of earthquake activity in California.

The total area is 1.86% water. 452.9 km² (174.9 mi²) of it is land and 8.6 km² (3.3 mi²) of it is water. According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 461.5 km² (178.2 mi²)¹. San Jose is located at 37°18'15" North, 121°52'22" West (37.304051, −121.872734)¹.

As of 2005, there are seven sister cities (aka twinned towns): Okayama, Japan (established in 1957); San José, Costa Rica (1961); Veracruz, Veracruz, Mexico (1975); Tainan, Taiwan (1975); Dublin, Ireland (1986); Pune, India (1992); and Ekaterinburg, Russia (1992). The Office of Economic Development coordinates the San Jose Sister City Program. [7] (http://www.cnn.com/2003/LAW/10/22/vietnamese.shooting.ap/) [8] (http://www.kron4.com/Global/story.asp?S=2355136&nav=5D7lRMbK) [9] (http://www.indybay.org/news/2004/10/1701805.php). [6] (http://www.morganquitno.com/cit05pop.htm#500,000+) However, reports of police brutality have become more common.

[5] (http://www.sjpd.org/CrimeStats.cfm) In 2003 and 2004 the city was ranked as the safest American city with a population over 500,000 by the Morgan Quitno Awards. During the 1990s and 2000s, the crime rate has consistently fallen. San Jose has consistently been ranked as one of the safest large cities in the United States. The LAFCO also defines a subset of the Sphere as an 'Urban Service Area' (indicated by the red line in the map), effectively limiting development to areas where urban infrastructure (sewers, electrical service, etc.) already exists.

The Santa Clara County LAFCO has set boundaries of San Jose's 'Sphere of Influence' (indicated by the blue line in the map near the top of the page) as a superset of the actual city limits (the yellow area in the map), plus parts of the surrounding unincorporated county land, where San Jose can, for example, prevent development of fringe areas to concentrate city growth closer to the city's core. The goal of a LAFCO is to try to avoid uncontrolled urban sprawl. Like all California cities except San Francisco, both the levels and the boundaries of what the city government controls is determined by the local county Local Agency Formation Commission (http://www.santaclara.lafco.ca.gov) (LAFCO). ³.

Other city officers elected by the council are the city attorney, city auditor, and city clerk. The council elects the manager for an indefinite term, and may at any time remove the manager, or the electorate may remove the manager through a recall election. The city manager is the chief administrative officer of the city, and must present an annual budget for approval by the city council. This council member has the right to act as mayor during the temporary absence of the mayor, but does not have the right of succession to the mayor's office upon a vacancy.³.

The council elects a vice-mayor from the members of the council at the second meeting of the year following a council election. Council members and the mayor are limited to two successive terms in office, although a council member that has reached the term limit can be elected mayor, and vice versa. Council members and the mayor are elected to four-year terms; the even-numbered district council members beginning in 1994; the mayor and the odd-numbered district council members beginning in 1996. The mayor has no veto powers.

The San Jose City Council is made up of ten council members elected by districts, and a mayor elected in an at-large election. During city council meetings, the mayor presides, and all eleven members can vote on any issue. The city has a council-manager government with a city manager nominated by the mayor and elected by the city council. San Jose is a charter city under California law, giving it the power to enact local ordinances that may conflict with state law, within the limits provided by the charter. A large portion of the Santa Clara Valley still contained commercial orchards.

Highway 101, which touched only the outermost edges of the city and was still a rural route or controlled by traffic lights in some areas. The only freeway through or near San Jose was U.S. Many people's view of San Jose is still formed by the Dionne Warwick hit from the 1960s, "Do You Know the Way to San Jose?" Written by Burt Bacharach and Hal David (neither of whom had spent time there and chose the name because it suited the tune), it includes the lyrics, "there's a lot of space in San Jose; there'll be a place where I can stay" and "I may go wrong and lose my way," and contrasts it to Los Angeles, "a great big freeway." In 1960, the population of San Jose was only 204,000, just over a fifth of the 2003 population. ².

The average 2003 home price in Santa Clara County was approximately 330 percent of the national average. As a result, housing costs in San Jose and the rest of the Bay Area rose faster than the national average in the 1980s and 1990s; between 1976 and 2001, San Jose's housing costs increased by 936 percent, the fastest growth in the nation over that time. However, the city council passed another General Plan in 1994 with the original 1974 urban growth boundaries intact. By 1980, the city's population was 630,000; it reached 782,000 by 1990; and 894,943 by 2000—at which point Santa Clara County as a whole had 1,682,585 residents.

However, with the boom of the electronics industry, specifically personal computers and integrated circuits, San Jose and the surrounding areas' population continued to grow rapidly. ². The plan's goal was to bring population growth down to a more manageable level. The result was that there was no land available to build housing.

To the west, communities such as Campbell and Cupertino had incorporated as cities to avoid being annexed to San Jose, while expansion to the north was impossible because of San Francisco Bay. Under Mineta, the city adopted the "General Plan" that restricted development of land inside the incorporated area of San Jose and banned development in an additional 200 mi² east and south of the city, an area known as San Jose's sphere of influence. Following Hamann's retirement, anti-growth city councils came to power, cemented with the 1971 election of Norman Mineta as mayor. ¹.

When Hamann left office in 1969, San Jose had grown to 495,000 residents and 136 mi². Hamann's efforts resulted in an annual population growth rate of over eight percent. Hamann also spent significant time on the East Coast, selling San Jose as an ideal place for businesses to expand into. Hamann instituted an aggressive growth program by annexation of adjacent areas, such as Alviso, Cambrian Park, and other neighborhoods, and a program of dispersed urbanization, sometimes called "los angelization".

At the time, the city had a population of 95,000 and a total area of only 17 mi². Hamann (nicknamed "Dutch") became city manager in 1950. P. A.

[4] (http://www.uniteddefense.com/co/history.htm). FMC's military business would later be spun off into United Defense. [2] (http://www.fmc.com/Corporate/V2/GeneralDetail/0,1478,16,00.html) [3] (http://www.fmctechnologies.com/FTI/__about_history_action/1,1114,1,00.html?) In 1941 the company received an order from the United States War Department for one thousand LVTs, bringing defense contracts to San Jose for the first time. ¹ Food Machinery Corporation (FMC) was founded in San Jose as the Bean Spray Pump Company in 1883.

The Del Monte cannery in Midtown was the largest employer in the city for many years. In 1922, the first commercial farming of broccoli in the US was started in San Jose, by brothers Stephano and Andrea D'Arrigo. Prunes, grapes, and apricots were some of the major crops. For nearly two centuries a farming community, San Jose produced a significant amount of fruits and vegetables until the 1960s, and many past and current names of teams, streets, buildings, and so on reflect its agricultural beginnings.

Photos of the lynchings were even used as Nazi propaganda. It is also notable as the last public lynching in California's history. The case drew international attention to San Jose, for the kidnapping, lynching, and for the praise that Governor James Rolph directed to those who participated. About 10,000 residents (approximately 1/6 of the city's population at the time) stormed the jail and lynched the two men who had confessed to the killing.

The 1933 kidnapping and murder of Brooke Hart resulted in mob violence in San Jose. The 8-year-old San Jose High School's three-story stone and brick structure also collapsed, and many other buildings were severely damaged. The all-brick Agnews Asylum (later Agnews State Hospital) suffered possibly the worst damage in the San Jose area, killing over 100 people as the walls and roof collapsed. The city was still primarily rural and the population much smaller than San Francisco, so houses and businesses were not so closely built, providing no opportunity for a major fire like the one that destroyed the city up the Peninsula.

The 1906 San Francisco earthquake, with its epicenter near Daly City [1] (http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?file=/c/a/2004/04/11/BAGB163KV81.DTL) between San Jose and San Francisco, devastated the few large buildings in San Jose. In 1989, the city of San Jose filed suit against France and the Eiffel estate, claiming that the Eiffel Tower was a copyright infringement of the Electric Light Tower; the suit was eventually dismissed. It collapsed during a gale in 1915. It didn't provide sufficient illumination, and by 1884 was used only for ceremonial purposes.

Owen of the San Jose Mercury News, the city council authorized the construction of the San Jose Electric Light Tower, ostensibly to replace the gas streetlights that had illuminated downtown San Jose since 1861. In 1881, because of a forceful campaign by editor J.J. It also served as the state's first capital with the first and second sessions of the California Legislature, known as the Legislature of a Thousand Drinks, being held there in 1850 and 1851. The legislature was unhappy with the location, as no buildings suitable for a state government were available in the city, and took up State Senator Mariano Guadalupe Vallejo's offer to build a new capital on land he donated to the state in what is now Benicia. state of California, the first mayor was Josiah Belden.

On March 27, 1850, San Jose became the first incorporated city in the U.S. The importance of the mercury industry at the time explains why the local newspaper is named the Mercury News. The cinnabar deposits had been discovered during the Mexican era, and mining operations began in 1845, the first operating mine in the province. During the California Gold Rush period, the New Almaden Mines just south of the city were the largest mercury mines in North America (mercury was used to help separate gold from ore).

Fallon would later become the seventh mayor of San Jose. Sloat, and raised it over the pueblo on July 14, as the California Republic agreed to join the United States following the start of the Mexican-American War. Fallon received an American flag from John D. During the Bear Flag Revolt, Captain Thomas Fallon led a small force from Santa Cruz and captured the pueblo without bloodshed on July 11, 1846.

In 1797, the pueblo was moved from its original location, near the present-day intersection of Guadalupe Parkway and Taylor Street, to a location in what is now Downtown San Jose, surrounding Pueblo Plaza (now Plaza de César Chávez). In 1778, the pueblo had a population of 68. Mission San José de Guadalupe was not founded until 1797, about 20 miles (30 km) north of San Jose in what is now Fremont.) The town was founded by the colonists led to California by de Anza, as a farming community to provide food for the presidios of San Francisco and Monterey. (Mission Santa Clara, the closest mission, was founded earlier in 1777, three miles (5 km) from the original pueblo site in neighboring Santa Clara.

El Pueblo de San José de Guadalupe was founded by José Joaquin Moraga on November 29, 1777, the first settlement not associated with a mission or a military post (presidio) in Alta California. De Anza returned to Mexico City before any of the settlements were actually founded, but his name lives on in many buildings and street names. He selected the sites of the Presidio of San Francisco and Mission San Francisco de Asís in what is now San Francisco; on his way back to Monterey, he sited Mission Santa Clara de Asís and the pueblo San José in the Santa Clara Valley. He left the colonists at Monterey in 1776, and explored north with a small group.

Late in 1775, Juan Bautista de Anza led an expedition to bring colonists from New Spain to California and to locate sites for two missions, one presidio, and one pueblo (town). It is likely that Don Pedro Fages, the military governor at Monterey, passed through the area on his 1772 expedition to explore the East Bay. Permanent European presence in the area came with the 1770 founding of the Presidio of Monterey and Mission San Carlos Borromeo de Carmelo by Gaspar de Portolá and Father Junípero Serra, about sixty miles (100 km) to the south. For thousands of years before the arrival of European settlers, the area now known as San Jose was inhabited by several groups of Ohlone Native Americans.

After over 150 years as an agricultural center, increased demand for housing from soldiers and other veterans returning from World War II and starting families, as well as aggressive expansion during the 1950s and 1960s led first to San Jose being a bedroom community for Silicon Valley in the 1970s, then attracting businesses to the city; by 1990 the city was calling itself the Capital of Silicon Valley. It served as the first capital of California after statehood was granted in 1850. San José was the first town in the Spanish colony of Nueva California (later Alta California), founded in 1777 as a farming community to provide food for nearby military installations. The San Francisco Bay Area, of which San Jose forms part, is the fourth largest in the U.S.

and not to the urban area. All of these figures refer to the area within the city limits, which is the sense in which the word "city" is normally used in the U.S. Census Bureau estimates for 2004 indicate San Jose has overtaken Detroit as the United States' tenth most populous city; according to the formal 2000 count, it is ranked eleventh. As of 2005, it reported an estimated population of 944,857, making it the most populous city in Northern California (it surpassed San Francisco in 1989) and third most populous city in the state, after Los Angeles and San Diego.

The city is located at the south end of the San Francisco Bay, within the informal boundaries of Silicon Valley, and is the largest city in the San Francisco Bay Area. However, it is still more commonly spelled without the diacritic mark. On April 3, 1979, the city council adopted San José as the spelling of the city name on the city seal and official stationery. state of California and is the county seat of Santa Clara County.

San José (officially the City of San José) is a large city in the U.S. The Weather Channel data for San Jose (http://www.weather.com/activities/other/other/weather/climo-monthly-graph.html?locid=USCA0993&from=search). 2E. Bruno, Andy; INCONSISTENCY ACCENTED BY SAN JOSE AND SAN JOSE; San Jose Mercury News; February 15, 1996, p.

Arbuckle, Clyde; Clyde Arbuckle's History of San Jose; 1985. ³San Jose City Charter (http://www.sanjoseca.gov/clerk/Charter.htm). ²San Jose case study, part one: the urban-growth boundary (http://www.ti.org/vaupdate31.html). ¹Flashback: A short political history of San Jose (http://www2.sjsu.edu/depts/PoliSci/faculty/christensen/flashback.htm).

KEZR 106.5 MHz - music mix, Infinity Broadcasting. KBRG 100.3 MHz - Entravision. KUFX 98.5 MHz - classic rock, Citicasters (slogan name is "98.5 KFOX"). KSJO 92.3 MHz - Spanish language music, Citicasters.

KSJS 90.5 MHz - San Jose State University. KMTG 89.3 MHz - San Jose Unified School District. FM