John McLoughlinJohn McLoughlin Dr. John McLoughlin (pronounced mc-lock-lin, October 19, 1784 – September 3, 1857), the "Father of Oregon", was a fur trader and early settler in the Oregon Country in the Pacific Northwest. In the late 1840s his general store in Oregon City was famous as the last stop on the Oregon Trail. BiographyMcLoughlin was born in La Rivière du Loup, Quebec, of Scottish and French Canadian descent . Though baptized Roman Catholic, he was raised Anglican. In 1798, he began to study medicine with Sir James Fisher of Quebec. After studying for 4 1/2 years he was granted a license to practice medicine on April 30, 1803. He was hired as a physician at Fort William, Ontario (now Thunder Bay, Ontario), a fur-gathering post of the North West Company on Lake Superior; there he became a trader and mastered the Indian languages. In 1814 he became a partner in the company. In 1816 McLoughlin was arrested for the murder of Robert Semple, the governor of the Red River Colony, though it is often claimed he stood in proxy for some Indians who were blamed. He was tried on October 30, 1818, with the charges being dismissed. McLoughlin was instrumental in the negotiations leading to the North West Company's 1821 merger with the Hudson's Bay Company. In 1824 the Hudson's Bay Company appointed McLoughlin as Chief Factor of the Columbia District in the Oregon Country, which comprised 600,000 square miles (1,600,000 km²) between Spanish California and Russian Alaska, with Peter Skein Ogden appointed to assist him. At the time, the Oregon Country was under cooperative settlement of both the United States and Britain. Upon his arrival, he determined that the present headquarters of the company at Fort Astoria (now Astoria, Oregon) at the mouth of the Columbia River was unfit. As a replacement he built Fort Vancouver (now Vancouver, Washington) across the Columbia from the mouth of the Willamette River. The post was opened for business on March 19, 1825. From his headquarters in Fort Vancouver he supervised trade and kept peace with the Indians, inaugurated salmon and timber trade with California and Hawaii, and supplied Russian Alaska with produce. Under McLoughlin's management, the Columbia District remained highly profitable, in part due to the ongoing high demand for beaver hats in Europe. McLoughlin was generally known for his fair treatment of the people with whom he dealt, whether they were British citizens, U.S. citizens, or Native Americans. At the time, the wives of many Hudson's Bay field employees were Native Americans, including McLoughlin's wife Marguerite. In 1841, with the arrival of the first wagon train, McLoughlin disobeyed company orders and extended aid to the American settlers. By that time, relations between Britain and the United States had become very strained at that time, and many expected war to break out any time. McLoughlin's aid probably prevented an armed attack on his outpost by the American settlers. The settlers understood that his motives were not purely altruistic, and some resented the assistance, working against him for the rest of his life. The Hudson's Bay Company eventually realized that the increasing numbers of American settlers would result in Ft. Vancouver becoming part of U.S. territory. In response they ordered McLoughlin to move their operation north to Vancouver Island where he constructed Fort Adelaide (now Victoria, British Columbia, Canada). After retiring from the Hudson's Bay Company in 1846, McLoughlin moved his family back south to Oregon City in the fertile Willamette Valley. The valley was the destination of choice for settlers streaming in over the Oregon Trail and had become officially U.S. territory in the Oregon Treaty. At his Oregon City store he sold food and farming tools to settlers, became the last stop on the Trail. In 1847, McLoughlin was given the Knighthood of St. Gregory, bestowed on him by Pope Gregory XVI. He became a U.S. citizen in 1849. McLoughlin's opponents succeeded in inserting a clause forfeiting his land claim in the Donation Land Claim Act of 1850. Although it was never enforced, it embittered the elderly McLoughlin. He served as mayor of Oregon City in 1851, winning 44 of 66 votes. He died of natural causes in 1857. In 1953, the state of Oregon donated a bronze statue of McLoughlin to the U.S. Capitol's National Statuary Hall Collection. The title "Father of Oregon" was officially bestowed on him by the Oregon Legislature in 1957, on the centennial of his death. This page about John McLoughlin includes information from a Wikipedia article. Additional articles about John McLoughlin News stories about John McLoughlin External links for John McLoughlin Videos for John McLoughlin Wikis about John McLoughlin Discussion Groups about John McLoughlin Blogs about John McLoughlin Images of John McLoughlin |
|
The title "Father of Oregon" was officially bestowed on him by the Oregon Legislature in 1957, on the centennial of his death. When he is at a televised Lakers game, he is invariably sought out for celebrity camera shots during one or more breaks in the game. Capitol's National Statuary Hall Collection. Nicholson is also a well-known and highly visible fan of the NBA's Los Angeles Lakers; he has courtside seats, and attends whenever his schedule allows. In 1953, the state of Oregon donated a bronze statue of McLoughlin to the U.S. His most recent film is the 2003 Something's Gotta Give. He died of natural causes in 1857. In the comedy Anger Management, he plays an aggressive therapist alongside Adam Sandler. He served as mayor of Oregon City in 1851, winning 44 of 66 votes. The deeply emotional, slow film stands in sharp contrast to many of his previous roles. Although it was never enforced, it embittered the elderly McLoughlin. In About Schmidt (2002), Nicholson portrayed a man who questions his own life after his retirement and the death of his wife. McLoughlin's opponents succeeded in inserting a clause forfeiting his land claim in the Donation Land Claim Act of 1850. The September 11, 2001 attacks led Nicholson to focus on comedies. citizen in 1849. He would win his next Oscar for his role as the neurotic lead in the romance As Good As It Gets (1997). He became a U.S. Jessep in A Few Good Men (1992), a dark movie about a murder in a military unit, he received yet another nomination by the Academy. Gregory, bestowed on him by Pope Gregory XVI. Nathan R. In 1847, McLoughlin was given the Knighthood of St. For his role as Col. At his Oregon City store he sold food and farming tools to settlers, became the last stop on the Trail. The 1989 Batman, where Nicholson played the supervillain The Joker, was an international smash hit, and a lucrative percentage deal earned Nicholson about US$50 million [1] (http://www.filmaction.com/hollywood%20eh.htm). territory in the Oregon Treaty. Nicholson won an Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor for his role in Terms of Endearment (1984). The valley was the destination of choice for settlers streaming in over the Oregon Trail and had become officially U.S. Other early movies he is known for include Roman Polanski's Chinatown (1974), Milos Forman's One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest (1975), for which he received his first Oscar, and Stanley Kubrick's The Shining. After retiring from the Hudson's Bay Company in 1846, McLoughlin moved his family back south to Oregon City in the fertile Willamette Valley. A Best Actor nomination came the following year for his persona-defining role in Five Easy Pieces (1970), which includes his famous chicken salad dialogue about getting what you want. In response they ordered McLoughlin to move their operation north to Vancouver Island where he constructed Fort Adelaide (now Victoria, British Columbia, Canada). That film led to a small supporting role in Easy Rider (1969), for which he received his first Oscar nomination. territory. His work with Peter Fonda and Dennis Hopper on the LSD-fueled The Trip led to his real break. Vancouver becoming part of U.S. This included his screen debut in The Cry Baby Killer (1958), where he played a juvenile delinquent who panics after shooting two other teenagers, and Little Shop of Horrors. The Hudson's Bay Company eventually realized that the increasing numbers of American settlers would result in Ft. Nicholson started his career as an actor, writer, and producer, working for and with Roger Corman. The settlers understood that his motives were not purely altruistic, and some resented the assistance, working against him for the rest of his life. My only emotion is gratitude, literally, for my life.". McLoughlin's aid probably prevented an armed attack on his outpost by the American settlers. I don't have the right to any other view. By that time, relations between Britain and the United States had become very strained at that time, and many expected war to break out any time. Because of this fact Nicholson is pro-life and has spoken out about it saying, "I'm very contra my constituency in terms of abortion because I'm positively against it. In 1841, with the arrival of the first wagon train, McLoughlin disobeyed company orders and extended aid to the American settlers. She did this because he was actually the illegitimate offspring of her daughter, a woman whom Nicholson thought was his older sister. At the time, the wives of many Hudson's Bay field employees were Native Americans, including McLoughlin's wife Marguerite. A journalist's research uncovered what apparently had happened: the woman he had always thought of as his mother was actually his grandmother, who had arranged to raise him as her own child. citizens, or Native Americans. He was born John Joseph Nicholson in New York, New York, although until 1974 he had thought his place of birth was his hometown, Neptune, New Jersey. McLoughlin was generally known for his fair treatment of the people with whom he dealt, whether they were British citizens, U.S. He has also won seven Golden Globe Awards. Under McLoughlin's management, the Columbia District remained highly profitable, in part due to the ongoing high demand for beaver hats in Europe. He received Kennedy Center Honors in 2001, and has been nominated for an Academy Award a dozen times, winning three of them. From his headquarters in Fort Vancouver he supervised trade and kept peace with the Indians, inaugurated salmon and timber trade with California and Hawaii, and supplied Russian Alaska with produce. He is best known for portraying antagonistic, cynical, neurotic and aggressive characters. The post was opened for business on March 19, 1825. Jack Nicholson (born April 22, 1937) is a highly successful American method actor. As a replacement he built Fort Vancouver (now Vancouver, Washington) across the Columbia from the mouth of the Willamette River. Upon his arrival, he determined that the present headquarters of the company at Fort Astoria (now Astoria, Oregon) at the mouth of the Columbia River was unfit. At the time, the Oregon Country was under cooperative settlement of both the United States and Britain. In 1824 the Hudson's Bay Company appointed McLoughlin as Chief Factor of the Columbia District in the Oregon Country, which comprised 600,000 square miles (1,600,000 km²) between Spanish California and Russian Alaska, with Peter Skein Ogden appointed to assist him. McLoughlin was instrumental in the negotiations leading to the North West Company's 1821 merger with the Hudson's Bay Company. He was tried on October 30, 1818, with the charges being dismissed. In 1816 McLoughlin was arrested for the murder of Robert Semple, the governor of the Red River Colony, though it is often claimed he stood in proxy for some Indians who were blamed. In 1814 he became a partner in the company. He was hired as a physician at Fort William, Ontario (now Thunder Bay, Ontario), a fur-gathering post of the North West Company on Lake Superior; there he became a trader and mastered the Indian languages. After studying for 4 1/2 years he was granted a license to practice medicine on April 30, 1803. In 1798, he began to study medicine with Sir James Fisher of Quebec. Though baptized Roman Catholic, he was raised Anglican. McLoughlin was born in La Rivière du Loup, Quebec, of Scottish and French Canadian descent . In the late 1840s his general store in Oregon City was famous as the last stop on the Oregon Trail. John McLoughlin (pronounced mc-lock-lin, October 19, 1784 – September 3, 1857), the "Father of Oregon", was a fur trader and early settler in the Oregon Country in the Pacific Northwest. Dr. John McLoughlin |