Idaho |
|
| State nickname: Gem State | |
| Other U.S. States | |
| Capital | Boise |
| Largest city | Boise |
| Governor | Dirk Kempthorne |
| Official languages | none |
| Area | 216,632 kmē (14th) |
| - Land | 214,499 kmē |
| - Water | 2,133 kmē (0.98%) |
| Population (2000) | |
| - Population | 1,293,953 (39th) |
| - Density | 6.04 /kmē (44th) |
| Admission into Union | |
| - Date | July 3, 1890 |
| - Order | 43rd |
| Time zone | Pacific: UTC-8/-7 (northern) Mountain: UTC-7/-6 (southern) |
| Latitude | 42° N to 49° N |
| Longitude | 111° W to 117° W |
| Width | 491 km |
| Length | 771 km |
| Elevation | |
| - Highest | 3,859 m |
| - Mean | 1,524 m |
| - Lowest | 216 m |
| Abbreviations | |
| - USPS | ID |
| - ISO 3166-2 | US-ID |
| Web site | www.idaho.gov |
Idaho is a state located in the northwestern United States. Its capital is Boise and the U.S. postal abbreviation is ID.
The USS Idaho was named in honor of this state.
Idaho is perhaps the only state to be named as the result of a hoax. When a name was being selected for new territory, eccentric lobbyist George M. Willing suggested "Idaho," an Indian term he claimed meant "gem of the mountains." It was later revealed Willing had made up the name himself, and the original Idaho territory was re-named Colorado because of it. Eventually the controversy was forgotten, and modern-day Idaho was given the made-up name when the Idaho Territory was formally created in 1863.
The Lewis and Clark expedition entered present-day Idaho on August 12, 1805, at the Lemhi Pass. At that time, approximately 8,000 Native Americans lived in the region.
Idaho was subsequently part of Oregon Territory and later Washington Territory, fur trading and missionary work attracting the first settlers to the region. While thousands passed through Idaho during the California gold rush of 1849, few people settled there. The first organized town in Idaho was Franklin, settled in 1860 by Mormon pioneers. When organized as a territory in 1863, Idaho's total population was under 17,000.
On March 4, 1863, President Abraham Lincoln signed an act creating Idaho Territory. The political stability of the territorial period encouraged settlement. Almost immediately, a public school system was created, stage coach lines were established and a newspaper, the Idaho Statesman, began publication. In 1865, Boise replaced Lewiston as capital. The 1861 discovery of gold in Idaho and the completion of the transcontinental railway in 1869 brought many new people to the territory, including Chinese laborers who came to work the mines. When President Benjamin Harrison signed the law admitting Idaho as a U.S. state on July 3, 1890, the population was 88,548. An interesting fact is that Idaho almost never became a state - in 1887, President Grover Cleveland refused to sign a bill that would have combined southern Idaho with Nevada and northern Idaho with the Washington Territory. Sectionalism in early Idaho was abated by moving the University of Idaho from its planned location in Eagle Rock (near Idaho Falls) to Moscow in northern Idaho. Idaho still operates under its original (1889) state constitution.
As Idaho approached statehood, mining and other extractive industries became increasingly important to her economy. By the 1890s, for example, Idaho exported more lead than any other state. Although Idaho's dependence on mining has decreased, the state remains a top producer of silver and lead. Today, Idaho's industrial economy is growing, as plants are built to process the state's rich agricultural and natural resources. Since in the late 1970s Boise has emerged as a center of semiconductor manufacturing. Boise is the home of Micron Technology Inc., the only U.S. manufacturer of dynamic random access memory (DRAM) chips. Hewlett-Packard has operated a large plant in Boise, in southwestern Idaho, since the 1970s, devoted primarily to Laserjet printers.[1] (http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/today/mar04.html)
A troubling recent development in the Idaho panhandle region has been the location therein of a few right-wing extremist and "survivalist" political groups, most notably one holding Neo-Nazi views, the Aryan Nations. These groups are most heavily concentrated in the northern part of the state, particularly in the vicinity of Coeur d'Alene, a resort town. Although Idaho is a conservative state politically, the vast majority of its residents reject such hateful ideologies. Boise recently installed an impressive stone Human Rights Memorial featuring quotations from Anne Frank and many other writers extolling human freedom and equality. In 2002 the Aryan Nations compound, which had been located in Hayden Lake, Idaho, was confiscated as a result of a court case, and the organization moved out of state.
The current Governor of Idaho is Dirk Kempthorne (Republican), re-elected in 2002.
See: List of Idaho Governors
The constitution of Idaho provides for 3 branches of government: the executive, legislative and judicial branches. Idaho has a bicameral legislature, elected from 35 legislative districts, each represented by one Senator and two Representatives.
United States Senators:
House of Representatives: Idaho has two House Representatives
See: List of Idaho counties
Idaho borders Washington, Oregon, Nevada, Utah, Montana, Wyoming and the Canadian province of British Columbia (the Idaho-BC border which is 48 miles long). Idaho has a rugged landscape with some of the largest unspoiled natural areas in the country. Idaho is a Rocky Mountains state with exciting scenery and enormous natural resources. Idaho has towering, snow-capped mountain ranges, swirling white rapids, peaceful lakes and steep canyons. The churning waters of Snake River rush through Hells Canyon, which is deeper than the Grand Canyon. Shoshone Falls plunges down rugged cliffs from a height greater than that of Niagara Falls.
The major rivers in Idaho are the Snake River, the Clearwater River and the Salmon River. Other significant rivers include the Boise River and the Payette River.
Idaho's highest point is Borah Peak in the Lost River Mountains north of Mackay. Idaho's lowest point is in Lewiston, where the Clearwater River joins the Snake River and continues into Washington.
The state's gross product for 2003 was $40 billion. The Per Capita Income for 2003 was $25,902.
Idaho is an important agricultural state, producing nearly one third of the potatoes grown in the United States. Other important agricultral products are beans, lentils, sugar beets, cattle, dairy products, wheat, and barley.
Important industries in Idaho are food processing, lumber and wood products, machinery, chemical products, paper products, electronics manufacturing, silver and other mining, and tourism. The Idaho National Laboratory (INL), a government lab for nuclear energy research, is also an important part of the eastern Idaho economy.
As of 2003, the population of Idaho was 1,366,332.
The racial makeup of Idaho is:
The five largest ancestries in the state are: German (18.9%), English (18.1%), Irish (10%), American (8.4%), Norwegian (3.6%).
As with many other western states, the percentage of non-religious people in Idaho is fairly high when compared to the percentage of non-religious in the nation as a whole. Idaho is also the only state to have large numbers of both Mormons and non-Mormon Christians.
The religious affiliations of Idaho are as follows:
The Minor League baseball teams are:
Other minor league sports teams:
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Other minor league sports teams:. In addition, numerous TV movies and "B-movies" have been filmed in Dallas, as well as a few lesser known, short-lived TV series. The Minor League baseball teams are:. (Source: [1] (http://dallasmetropolis.com)). The religious affiliations of Idaho are as follows:. However, it is on a natural N-S migratory route and the fact that the Dallas sits on the relatively fresh Trinity, flanked by the larger but undrinkably saline Red and Brazos rivers gave the Dallas-Fort Worth advantage over other natural sites of habitation in the region, and advantage that was readily magnified by shrewd city fathers. Idaho is also the only state to have large numbers of both Mormons and non-Mormon Christians. Most great cities have obvious natural advantages - harbors, especially - and Dallas has no obvious advantages. As with many other western states, the percentage of non-religious people in Idaho is fairly high when compared to the percentage of non-religious in the nation as a whole. The reason that one of the great cities of the world is situated in the middle of the prairie is not clear. The five largest ancestries in the state are: German (18.9%), English (18.1%), Irish (10%), American (8.4%), Norwegian (3.6%). cities with teams from four major sports. The racial makeup of Idaho is:. See also: U.S. As of 2003, the population of Idaho was 1,366,332. who play in Reunion Arena, and. The Idaho National Laboratory (INL), a government lab for nuclear energy research, is also an important part of the eastern Idaho economy. who play in the Cotton Bowl but will be moving to Frisco in 2005. Important industries in Idaho are food processing, lumber and wood products, machinery, chemical products, paper products, electronics manufacturing, silver and other mining, and tourism. all three of which play at the American Airlines Center, and. Other important agricultral products are beans, lentils, sugar beets, cattle, dairy products, wheat, and barley. Dallas is home to:. Idaho is an important agricultural state, producing nearly one third of the potatoes grown in the United States. See: List of Dallas Mayors. The Per Capita Income for 2003 was $25,902. Also, the Fort Worth-Star Telegram is based in Fort Worth, Texas, and the Northside People and Park Cities People are based in other Dallas surburbs. The state's gross product for 2003 was $40 billion. As with large cities, the city has Catholics, Jews, Muslims, and other groups inside the city. Idaho's lowest point is in Lewiston, where the Clearwater River joins the Snake River and continues into Washington. Baptist churches dot the landscape, fish emblems are seen on car trunks, and many local Christian radio stations and television stations are on the airwaves. Idaho's highest point is Borah Peak in the Lost River Mountains north of Mackay. Dallas is located in the "Bible Belt", and there is a large Protestant influence on the community. Other significant rivers include the Boise River and the Payette River. Other parts of Dallas extend into Carrollton-Farmers Branch Independent School District, Duncanville Independent School District, Highland Park Independent School District, Mesquite Independent School District, Plano Independent School District, Richardson Independent School District, and Wilmer-Hutchins Independent School District. The major rivers in Idaho are the Snake River, the Clearwater River and the Salmon River. Most of Dallas is a part of the Dallas Independent School Disrict. Shoshone Falls plunges down rugged cliffs from a height greater than that of Niagara Falls. The city of Dallas is also home to several institutions of higher learning, including:. The churning waters of Snake River rush through Hells Canyon, which is deeper than the Grand Canyon. Even though on a world-scale, they are about equal, Houston tends to boast because of a higher municipal population (the city encompasses most of its metropolitan area), and Dallas tends to boast because of a much higher metropolitan population (the city of Dallas is bounded by suburbs, so much of the new growth occurs outside of Dallas proper.) Even the adult industry is compared—Houston has the lead (that is, in adult entertainment), but both have a strong show of billboards and venues. Idaho has towering, snow-capped mountain ranges, swirling white rapids, peaceful lakes and steep canyons. One major comparison is the populations of the two cities. Idaho has a rugged landscape with some of the largest unspoiled natural areas in the country. Idaho is a Rocky Mountains state with exciting scenery and enormous natural resources. Selected characteristics of them are often compared. Idaho borders Washington, Oregon, Nevada, Utah, Montana, Wyoming and the Canadian province of British Columbia (the Idaho-BC border which is 48 miles long). Because Dallas and Houston are the two major economic centers of Texas, they enjoy a friendly rivalry. See: List of Idaho counties. Detroit, Michigan has a higher crime rate, but it, after losing population, dropped out of the 1,000,000+ ranking and Dallas was pushed to the top.) Police Chief Terrell Bolton was fired by then—city manager Ted Benavides, and was replaced by David Kunkle, who was tasked with helping the city lose this designation. House of Representatives: Idaho has two House Representatives. One drawback is that the city of Dallas has the highest crime rate among cities of 1,000,000 people or more (as of 2005, only nine cities in the United States do. United States Senators:. Sports calendars and other memorabilia are very common, and on Sundays people tend to watch sports games on television. Idaho has a bicameral legislature, elected from 35 legislative districts, each represented by one Senator and two Representatives. The Cowboys are well loved by the locals, even after many lackluster or losing seasons, and even if another local team is a leader in its sport. The constitution of Idaho provides for 3 branches of government: the executive, legislative and judicial branches. Dallasites are very fond of their local teams especially "America's Team," the Dallas Cowboys. See: List of Idaho Governors. Dallas has two times the number of restaurants per person than New York City. The current Governor of Idaho is Dirk Kempthorne (Republican), re-elected in 2002. states or countries worldwide. Dallasites eat out about four times every week, which is the third highest rate in the country. In 2002 the Aryan Nations compound, which had been located in Hayden Lake, Idaho, was confiscated as a result of a court case, and the organization moved out of state. Dallasites are said to consider themselves more sophisticated than those in other parts of Texas, especially Fort Worth. Because of the economic prowess of the region, many who live there had come from other U.S. Boise recently installed an impressive stone Human Rights Memorial featuring quotations from Anne Frank and many other writers extolling human freedom and equality. Uptown:. Although Idaho is a conservative state politically, the vast majority of its residents reject such hateful ideologies. South Dallas:. These groups are most heavily concentrated in the northern part of the state, particularly in the vicinity of Coeur d'Alene, a resort town. Oak Cliff:. A troubling recent development in the Idaho panhandle region has been the location therein of a few right-wing extremist and "survivalist" political groups, most notably one holding Neo-Nazi views, the Aryan Nations. North Dallas:. Hewlett-Packard has operated a large plant in Boise, in southwestern Idaho, since the 1970s, devoted primarily to Laserjet printers.[1] (http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/today/mar04.html). East Dallas:. manufacturer of
dynamic random access memory (DRAM) chips. Although Idaho's dependence on mining has decreased, the state remains a top producer of silver and lead. Fort Worth's smaller public transit system connects with Dallas' via a commuter rail line (The TRE) connecting downtown Dallas (Union Station) with downtown Fort Worth (Intermodal Transit Center) and several points in between. The system of light rail transit, especially through downtown, has skyrocketed land values and has sparked a residential living boom in Downtown. By the 1890s, for example, Idaho exported more lead than any other state. The DART light rail system remained the only light rail system in Texas until Houston opened its starter light rail system (one line running less than 10 miles) in 2004. As Idaho approached statehood, mining and other extractive industries became increasingly important to her economy. Further ambitions include expanding the commuter rail network in the region to over 250 miles; expanding the DART light rail network to over 150 miles with a downtown subway included; expanding the M-Line streetcar; starting a modern streetcar line in Fort Worth; utilizing the elevated Las Colinas Automated Personal Transit system with DART rail connections. Idaho still operates under its original (1889) state constitution. The Yellow line will meet Denton County's future commuter rail system. Sectionalism in early Idaho was abated by moving the University of Idaho from its planned location in Eagle Rock (near Idaho Falls) to Moscow in northern Idaho. This will connect southeast Dallas to far north Carrollton and LBJ Freeway to DFW Int'l Airport; both via Dallas Love Field. An interesting fact is that Idaho almost never became a state - in 1887, President Grover Cleveland refused to sign a bill that would have combined southern Idaho with Nevada and northern Idaho with the Washington Territory. Two more lines will be in service by the end of the decade bringing the light rail transit mileage to at least 93, the orange and purple. state on July 3, 1890, the population was 88,548. The red and blue lines are conjoined in between 8th & Corinth Station (In Oak Cliff) and Mockingbird Station (in North Dallas.) The two lines service Cityplace Station, the only subway station in the Southwest United States. When President Benjamin Harrison signed the law admitting Idaho as a U.S. The blue line goes through South Dallas, Downtown, Uptown, North Dallas, and Garland. The 1861 discovery of gold in Idaho and the completion of the transcontinental railway in 1869 brought many new people to the territory, including Chinese laborers who came to work the mines. The red line goes through Oak Cliff, Downtown, Uptown, North Dallas, Richardson, and Plano. In 1865, Boise replaced Lewiston as capital. Currently, two light rail lines are in service. Almost immediately, a public school system was created, stage coach lines were established and a newspaper, the Idaho Statesman, began publication. DART began operating the first light rail system in Texas (and the Southwest United States) in 1996 and continues to expand its coverage. The political stability of the territorial period encouraged settlement. Dallas Area Rapid Transit (DART) is the Dallas area public transportation company, providing buses, rail, and HOV lanes. On March 4, 1863, President Abraham Lincoln signed an act creating Idaho Territory. (See Love Field Airport for a history of the Wright Amendment.). When organized as a territory in 1863, Idaho's total population was under 17,000. Ongoing efforts to relax or abandon these restrictions have not succeeded so far. While thousands passed through Idaho during the California gold rush of 1849, few people settled there. The first organized town in Idaho was Franklin, settled in 1860 by Mormon pioneers. As such, Southwest and Continental Express are the only major airlines flying out of that airport. Idaho was subsequently part of Oregon Territory and later Washington Territory, fur trading and missionary work attracting the first settlers to the region. Under the Federal "Wright Amendment" and "Shelby Amendment" laws, no large jet air service is allowed from Dallas Love Field to any point beyond Texas, Louisiana, Arkansas, Oklahoma, New Mexico, Kansas, Mississippi, and Alabama. At that time, approximately 8,000 Native Americans lived in the region. Love Field is located within the city limits of Dallas, 6 miles (10 km) northwest of downtown, and is headquarters to Southwest Airlines. The Lewis and Clark expedition entered present-day Idaho on August 12, 1805, at the Lemhi Pass. DFW is also home base to American Airlines, the world's largest airline. Eventually the controversy was forgotten, and modern-day Idaho was given the made-up name when the Idaho Territory was formally created in 1863. In terms of traffic, DFW is the busiest in the state, fourth busiest in the United States, and sixth busiest in the world. Willing suggested "Idaho," an Indian term he claimed meant "gem of the mountains." It was later revealed Willing had made up the name himself, and the original Idaho territory was re-named Colorado because of it. In terms of size, DFW is the largest airport in the state, the second largest in the United States, and third largest in the world. When a name was being selected for new territory, eccentric lobbyist George M. DFW International Airport is located in the suburbs north of and equidistant to downtown Fort Worth and downtown Dallas. Idaho is perhaps the only state to be named as the result of a hoax. Two more general aviation airports are located in the outer suburb of McKinney, and on the west side of the Metroplex, two general aviation airports are located in Fort Worth. The USS Idaho was named in honor of this state. In addition, Dallas Executive Airport (formerly Redbird Airport), is a general aviation airport located within the city limits, and Addison Airport is another general aviation airport located just outside the city limits in the suburb of Addison. postal abbreviation is ID. Dallas is served by two commercial airports: Dallas/Fort Worth International Airport (known as DFW International) and Dallas Love Field. Its capital is Boise and the U.S. Halliburton Energy Services was once based in Dallas, but moved to Houston in 2003. Idaho is a state located in the northwestern United States. Sabre Holdings, the owner of the Sabre System, is headquartered in Southlake. See Category:People from Idaho. is headquartered in Carrollton. Idaho Steelheads. FUNimation is headquartered in North Richland Hills. Educational Products, Inc. Idaho Stampede. Electronic Data Systems, Frito Lay, Dr Pepper and JCPenney are headquartered in Plano. Idaho Falls Chukars. ExxonMobil, Michael's Stores, and Zale Corporation are headquartered in Irving. Boise Hawks. AMR Corporation (parent company of American Airlines), Burlington Northern Santa Fe Railway, Radio Shack, and Pier 1 Imports are based in Fort Worth. id Software is based in Mesquite. Non-Religious — 20%. Companies based in the Dallas city limits:. Non-Christian Religions — 0%. Although the Telecom industry was hit hard in the latest recession, most businesses in Dallas performed better on average than other regional economies. Mormon — 16%. According to the Dallas Women's Covenant, there are more than 81,000 women-owned firms in metropolitan Dallas. Catholic — 16%. Central Dallas is supported by more than 100 miles (160 km) of fiber optic cable. Other Protestants/general Protestants — 22%. Also, there are more than 40,000 telecommunication employees in the "Telecom Corridor" housing such companies as Southwestern Bell, AT&T, Alcatel, Ericsson, Fujitsu, MCI, Nortel Networks, Rockwell, and Sprint. Presbyterian — 3%. The Dallas/Fort Worth area is sometimes called "Texas' Silicon Valley". Lutheran — 3%. For a list of surrounding cities and towns, see:. Methodist — 10%. While most areas are peaceful, certain neighborhoods are avoided after dusk; near large tourist attractions, as well as sections of south Oak Cliff near the Dallas Zoo, neighborhoods around Fair Park and south Dallas (mostly everything south of I-30), and areas around large concentrations of older apartments (>10 years old). Baptist — 10%. The crime rate in Dallas has been ranked first in the country's largest cities from 1998 to 2003. Protestant — 48%
0.9% Asian. The median income for a household in the city is $37,628, and the median income for a family is $40,921. 1.4% American Indian. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there are 100.5 males. 7.9 Hispanic. For every 100 females there are 101.6 males. 88% White. The median age is 30 years. 2nd District: Mike Simpson (Republican). In the city the population is spread out with 26.6% under the age of 18, 11.8% from 18 to 24, 35.3% from 25 to 44, 17.7% from 45 to 64, and 8.6% who are 65 years of age or older. "Butch" Otter (Republican). The average household size is 2.58 and the average family size is 3.37. 1st District: C.L. 32.9% of all households are made up of individuals and 6.5% have someone living alone who is 65 years of age or older. Mike Crapo (Republican). There are 451,833 households out of which 30.3% have children under the age of 18 living with them, 38.8% are married couples living together, 14.9% have a female householder with no husband present, and 41.0% are non-families. Craig (Republican). As Mexicans flood into southern Dallas along the I-35 corridor through Laredo, Texas and San Antonio, Hispanics outnumbered African-Americans for the first time in the 2000 census as the largest minority group in Dallas. Larry E. 35.55% of the population are Hispanic or Latino of any race. The racial makeup of the city is 50.83% White, 25.91% Black or African American, 0.54% Native American, 2.70% Asian, 0.05% Pacific Islander, 17.24% from other races, and 2.72% from two or more races. There are 484,117 housing units at an average density of 545.7/kmē (1,413.3/miē). The population density is 1,339.7/kmē (3,469.9/miē). As of the census2 of 2000, there are 1,188,580 people, 451,833
households, and 266,581 families residing in the city. Texans generally agree Houston is significantly more humid and Dallas is slightly hotter, although given Houston's humidity it may have a higher heat index than Dallas. Ongoing comparisons are made between Dallas' summer weather and Houston's. Yet many events are also scheduled for the more volatile season of spring. Many consider autumn, around late September and October, to be the best time to visit the Metroplex. The cliche about volatile climates popular in various parts of the US—"if you don't like the weather, wait a little while and it'll change"—applies well to Dallas' spring weather. In the spring the weather can also be quite volatile and change quickly in a matter of minutes. However short the season is, residents and visitors appreciate the beauty of the vibrant wildflowers (such as the bluebonnet, Indian paintbrush and other flora) which bloom in spring and are planted around the highways throughout Texas. Spring and fall and the pleasant, moderate temperatures accompanying those seasons are somewhat short-lived in Dallas. Dallas winters are occasionally interspersed with Indian summers. Regardless, winters are relatively mild compared to the Texas Panhandle and other states to the north. A few inches of snow for a day or two falls about once each winter, and about every other winter the cool air from the north and the humid air from the south lead to freezing rain, which usually causes the city to come to a screeching halt for a day or two if the roads and highways become dangerously slick. In the winter, the winds are cool, which can cause the region to fall below freezing occasionally. The climate of Dallas is classified a humid subtropical climate, yet this part of Texas also tends to get hot, dry winds from the north and west in the summer. Dallas gets about 30 inches (760 mm) of rain per year, much of which is delivered in the spring time. When these fronts meet over Dallas, severe storms are generated with spectacular lightning shows, torrents of rain, large hail and, at times, tornadoes. In the spring, cool fronts moving from Canada collide with warm, humid air streaming in from the Gulf Coast. Dallas lies near the bottom of a tornado region that runs through the prairie lands of the midwest. The lake also boasts the 66 acre (270,000 mē) Dallas Arboretum and Botanical Garden on its shore. The lake and surrounding park is a popular destination in the Lake Highlands/Casa Linda neighborhoods for boaters, joggers, bikers, skaters and for related activities. White Rock Lake is Dallas's other significant water feature. Miller won in part based on her platform she would focus on the city's basic needs like roads and other infrastructure and city employees' pay; services some claimed were neglected at the cost of special projects like the American Airlines Center. Senate. His successor, mayor Laura Miller—sometimes referred to as Dallas' first reform mayor—won the vacancy left by Kirk when he ran unsuccessfully for the U.S. Ron Kirk, Dallas' first African American mayor, championed the project during his term as mayor as he did the new American Airlines Center in downtown. Residents barely approved a bond proposal in 1998 to fund the Trinity River Project and work has progressed slowly towards implementing it. Some critics charge the project is a facade to serve special, financial interests of businessmen. Some proponents claim this development would bring more life, commerce, revenue and lower crime to downtown Dallas and poorer, southern Dallas. Businesses and businessmen, like Belo and Ross Perot, Jr., have pushed in recent years to build a multi-million-dollar, landmark bridge over the river and convert that section of the river into a park area with nearby commercial and retail services somewhat similar to the River Walk in San Antonio or Townlake in Austin. Several bridges traverse the river connecting southern Dallas to downtown Dallas. The river is flanked on both sides with a 50 foot (15 m) earthen levee to keep that part of the city from flooding. The Trinity River is a major Texas waterway that passes from the northwest right by the southern portion of downtown Dallas as it heads southeast to Houston. An escarpment rises another 200 feet (60 m) in southern Dallas in the neighborhoods of Oak Cliff and Cockrell Hill, Texas and continues through the city of Cedar Hill. Dallas, and its surrounding area, is mostly flat and lies at an elevation ranging from 450 to 550 feet (140 to 170 m). About one in every four Texans lives in the DFW metroplex. In fact, Dallas is a small part of the much larger urbanized area called the Dallas-Fort Worth Metroplex. These statistics are only for the city of Dallas proper. 887.2 kmē (342.5 miē) of it is land and 110.0 kmē (42.5 miē) of it is water. The total area is 11.03% water. According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 997.1 kmē (385.0 miē). In the 1990s, Dallas became known as Texas' Silicon Valley, or the "Silicon Prairie.". By the 1980s, when the oil industry mostly relocated to Houston, Dallas was beginning to benefit from a burgeoning technology boom (driven by the growing computer and telecom industries), while continuing to be a center of banking and business. Then in 1958 the integrated-circuit computer chip was invented in Dallas by Jack Kilby of Texas Instruments. In 1930, oil was discovered 100 miles (160 km) east of Dallas and the city quickly became the financial center for the oil industry in Texas and Oklahoma. As it entered the 20th century, Dallas transformed from an agricultural center to a center of banking, insurance, and other businesses. Dallas quickly became the center of trade in cotton, grain, and even buffalo. The major north-south and east-west Texas railroad routes intersected in Dallas in 1873, thus ensuring its future as a commercial center. A year later, Dallas leaders could not pay off the Texas and Pacific Railroad and so tricked it into running its east-west line though Dallas by having a rider attached to a state law which required the railroad to build its tracks through Browder Springs—which turned out to be just south of Main Street. They paid the Houston and Central Texas Railroad $5,000 to shift its route 20 miles (32 km) to the west and build its north-south tracks through Dallas, rather than through Corsicana as planned. In 1871, railroads were beginning to approach the area and Dallas city leaders did not intend to be left out. Dallas also boasts an active music scene, with numerous venues in the Deep Ellum and lower Greenville Avenue areas. In the 1970s, Reunion Arena and Reunion Tower (a trademark of the skyline) were named in honor of the La Reunion colony. Today, Dallas is home to a healthy theater community, with room for both traditional and experimentatal works. When that venture collapsed in 1857, many of the artists moved to Dallas where they established the base of the artist culture that exists today in the Deep Ellum neighborhood near downtown. In 1855, a group of European artists and musicians set up a utopian community west of Dallas called La Reunion. Dallas was formally incorporated as a town in 1856, and in 1871 became a city. Dallas was so called by its residents at least as early as 1843 and there are four theories as to the origin of the city's name:. However, the origin of the city's name is debatable. Dallas County was established five years later in 1846 and was named after George Mifflin Dallas, who was the eleventh United States Vice President at the time. The city of Dallas was founded by John Neely Bryan in 1841 after first surveying the area in 1839. According to more recent projections/estimates (From 2005) the Dallas/Fort Worth Metroplex has reached a population
of 6,000,000. It is the county seat of
Dallas County and small portions of the city also extend
into the neighboring counties of Collin County, Denton County, Rockwall County, and Kaufman
County. M. The Dallas City Hall was also designed by I. Fisk before he died (Opus 100). Pei houses the Dallas Symphony Orchestra and the last hand-made Fisk organ actually to be worked on by Mr. M. Meyerson Symphony Center designed by the famous architect I. The $81.5 million Morton H. Called "...the most beautiful building west of Venice", the Adolphus Hotel became the first hotel ever to be fully air-conditioned (in 1940). Art collections such as the $20 million Hamon Building collection; the $38 million Reves collection at the Dallas Museum of Art; 400 pieces of Egyptian and Nubian art at the DMA; the African-American Museum of Art; the Museum of Africa, Asia, and The Pacific with rare collections of Indonesian art and textiles; the Museum of Contemporary Art; the Museum of the Americas; the Museum of Europe; the Meadows Museum of Art featuring fifteenth- through twentieth-century Spanish art. Neiman Marcus started on the corner of Elm and Murphy in downtown Dallas. This company eventually became 7-Eleven which is still based in Dallas. The world's first convenience store opened in Dallas in 1927 when the Southland Ice Company began selling eggs and milk from their store at 12th and Edgewood in the Oak Cliff neighborhood. Dallas has the world's largest wholesale trade center: Dallas Market Center. The Dallas Public Library includes the largest Children's library center in the United States. Dallas has more shopping centers per capita and the Dallas-Fort Worth metro has more restaurants per capita than any United States city and metro. Dallas houses the largest Urban Arts District in the United States. Eventually, the concept was purchased and expanded. The MasterCard/Visa idea originated in Dallas when three shopping centers, Preston Forest, Preston Royal, and Preston Center combined to issue PrestoCards to be used at all the shopping centers. While many cities across the country are encountering water shortages, the long-term water supply plan developed by Dallas water utilities has ensured that the citizens will have sufficient water supply well through 2050. The arts in Dallas adds $500 million to the annual economy and the cultural budget per capita is $7.23. Meyerson Symphony Center, one of the nations top improvisational comedy troupes, Ad-Libs, the Dallas Museum of Art, several IMAX theaters, the African American Museum, the Latino Cultural Center and dozens of cultural activities practically every day. Dallas offers a wide variety of cultural activities with the world-famous Morton H. The Center is now capable of accommodating up to 4 major conventions at one time and provides roof-top helicopter landing facilities. Dallas has expanded its Convention Center facilities to over 2 million square feet (185,000 mē). The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas--a medical school and research university for graduate level science adjacent to Parkland Hospital--is home to four Nobel Laureates: three in physiology/medicine and one in chemistry. Dallas has the highest number of shopping centers per capita in the United States and University Park Mall draws in more revenue per unit area than any other retail complex in the U.S. Nearly all filming and production took place in Southern California. Aside from a few exterior shots, the television program Dallas (1970s - 1980s), was not filmed in Dallas. Dallas has the largest gay and lesbian population in the Southwest_United_States. Fair Park is also the site of the largest Cowboy in the World: Big Tex, a 52 foot (16 m) tall speaking cowboy statue. Fair Park also hosts the largest state fair in the country, the State Fair of Texas. Fair Park is home to the largest collection of Art Deco architecture in the world and the tallest ferris wheel in North America. KERA Channel 13 is the most watched PBS station in the United States and was the first PBS station to air Monty Python and other British comedies. Dallas holds the highest municipal bond rating among large cities in the United States. Dallas is home to two of the greatest men's choruses in the world: the Vocal Majority, an a cappella pops chorus and the Turtle Creek Chorale, the world's largest gay men's chorus. The Kalita Humphreys Theater, designed by architect Frank Lloyd Wright, is the main home of Dallas Theater Center, the nation's oldest regional theater company. Dallas maintains and operates 41 community and neighborhood recreation centers, 232 playgrounds, 173 basketball courts, 112 volleyball courts, 126 play slabs, 258 neighborhood tennis courts, 258 picnic areas, 69 miles (110 km) of hiking and biking trails, six 18-hole golf courses, two driving ranges, a 100 acre (0.4 kmē) zoo, 260 acres (1 kmē) at Fair Park and 477 athletic fields. 2000 - Dallas Area Rapid Transit opens the first subway station in Texas (and the Southwest). 1997 - Congress passes the Shelby Amendment, which eases some of the Wright Amendment restrictions on Love Field Airport. 1996 - Dallas Area Rapid Transit begins operating the first light rail system in Texas (and the Southwest). 1984 - Dallas hosts the 1984 Republican National Convention. 1981 - USS Dallas, a nuclear submarine named after the city, is commissioned. 1979 - US Congress passes the Wright Amendment, restricting passenger air service out of Love Field Airport. The internationally popular show runs for 13 years. 1978 - Dallas the TV series debuts with a CBS mini-series filmed entirely in Dallas. 1976 - Thanks-Giving Square is completed in downtown Dallas. 1974 - Dallas/Fort Worth International Airport opens. This event is memorialized by the nearby Kennedy Memorial and by the Sixth Floor Museum in the former school book depository at the corner of Elm and Houston. Kennedy was assassinated in a motorcade traveling west on Elm Street in Dealey Plaza. November 22, 1963 - President John F. 1958 - While working for Texas Instruments, Jack Kilby created the world's first integrated circuit at a Dallas laboratory in September, sparking an electronics revolution that changed the world and created a global market now worth more than $1 trillion a year. 1934 - The criminal duo Bonnie and Clyde are buried in Dallas after being killed by police in Louisiana. 1930 - Bonnie and Clyde meet in the Oak Cliff neighborhood of Dallas and begin their crime spree across Texas, Oklahoma, and Louisiana. Dallas became a center of commerce for the Texas oil trade. Joiner strikes oil 100 miles (160 km) northeast of Dallas. 1930 - C.M. 1927 - The world's first convenience store is opened in Dallas by the Southland Ice Company, which will eventually become 7-Eleven. 1927 - Love Field is opened for civilian use. Its trademark neon Pegasus that would be erected in 1934 would come to be one of the city's most recognizable landmarks and representative of the city itself. 1922 - The Magnolia Building opens. October 19, 1917 - Love Field is created. 1903 - Dallas annexes town of Oak Cliff on the south side of the Trinity River, expanding its size by a third. 1873 - Two railroads intersect in Dallas, assuring its economic future. 1841 - Dallas is founded. The Dallas Fury of the National Women's Basketball League play at Hebron High School in Carrollton. McKinney is home to the Dallas Revolution, an Independent Women's Football League Women's American football team. The Dallas Diamonds, a Women's Professional Football League Women's American football team, plays in North Richland Hills. Nearby Frisco has the Frisco RoughRiders of Minor League Baseball. Nearby Arlington has the Texas Rangers of Major League Baseball. Nearby Irving has the Dallas Cowboys of the National Football League. Dallas Sidekicks, Major Indoor Soccer League,. Dallas (formerly the Dallas Burn), Major League Soccer,. F.C. Dallas Stars, National Hockey League. Dallas Mavericks, National Basketball Association. Dallas Desperados, Arena Football League. WeTellAll.com. Texas Catholic. Dallas/Fort Worth Heritage Online. Dallas Voice. Dallas Times. Dallas Observer. Quick produced by The Dallas Morning News. Dallas Morning News, The
Dallas Business Journal. Daily Commercial Record. Auto Revista. See: List of radio stations in Texas. See: List of television stations in Texas. University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas. University of Texas at Dallas. University of Dallas. Southern Methodist University. Richland College. Paul Quinn College. Mountain View College. El Centro College. DeVry University, Dallas. Dallas Theological Seminary. Dallas Christian College. Dallas Baptist University. Art Institute of Dallas. Victory. Turtle Creek. State-Thomas. Oak Lawn. Lomac. Knox. International Center. Cityplace. Cockrell Hill - (governed independently of Dallas). Cedars. Lake Cliff. Kidd Springs. Kessler. Bishop Arts District. Telecom corridor - (Richardson). Stemmons. Preston Hollow. Preston Center. Pleasant Grove. Park Cities - Highland Park, Texas and University Park, Texas (governed independently of Dallas). Market Center. Lake Highlands. Lakewood. Fair Park. Deep Ellum. Lower Greenville. West End. Reunion. Main Street. Farmers Market. Arts District. Tarrant County. Rockwall County. Kaufman County. Johnson County. Ellis County. Denton County. Dallas County. Collin County. Named after the friend of founder John Neely Bryan's son, who later stated that his father had said he had named the town "after my friend Dallas" (a person whose identity is not certain). Named in a town-naming contest in 1842;. Named after George Dallas' father Alexander James Dallas, a commodore who was stationed in the Gulf of Mexico and was the United States Secretary of the Treasury around the end of the War of 1812;. Named after George Mifflin Dallas;. |