Hot rod

T-bucket hot rod Modern look of traditional '32 roadster. vintage style rod Modern classic Ford roadster 21st century engine setup

Hot rods are older, often historical, cars. Originally the term was used to the practice of taking an old, cheap car, removing weight (usually by removing roof, hood, bumpers, windscreen and fenders), lower it, change or tune the engine to give more power, add fat wheels for traction and paint it to make it stand out. The term may have originated from "hot roadster" and the term was used in the 1950s and 1960s as a derogatory term for any car that did not fit into the mainstream. Other sources indicate that the term was derived from replacement of connecting rods in engines to allow higher RPMs to be reached without parts failure. In the 1970s hot rodders tried to clean up their reputation and thus they started to use the term "street rod" instead.

Hot Rodders, including Wally Parks created the National Hot Rod Association NHRA to bring racing off the streets and onto the tracks. The annual California Hot Rod Reunion and National Hot Rod Reunion are held to honor pioneers in the sport. The Wally Parks NHRA Motorsports Museum houses the very roots of hot rodding. Nowadays people who own hot rods keep them clean and try to make them noticeable. Those who work according to the original idea of cheap, fast and no frills are often called rat rods. There are many magazines that you can look at to see hot rods like Hot Rod Magazine, Street Rodder, and Popular Hot Rodding. There are also television shows like My Classic Car, and Horse Power TV. Hot rods are important to American culture.

Author Tom Wolfe was one of the first to recognise the importance of hot rodding in popular culture, and bring it to mainstream attention, as described in his book The Kandy-Kolored Tangerine Flake Streamline Baby.

Hot Rod era

The Hot Rod era extended from 1945 to the beginning of the muscle car era (about 1965), reaching its height in about 1955. During this time, there was an adequate supply of what hot rodders called "vintage tin" -- junk cars manufactured prior to 1942 that could be had cheaply. Many of these had sound bodies and frames and had been junked for mechanical reasons, since the running gear of early cars was not durable. The typical hot rod was heavily modified, particularly through replacement of the engine and transmission, and possibly other components including brakes and steering. Certain engines, such as the flathead Ford V8 and the small block Chevrolet V8 were particularly sought after as replacements, because of their compact size, ready availability, and power.

Construction of a hot rod required skill with mechanical work, welding, and automotive paint and body work.

The "classic era" of hot rod construction ended around 1965, in part because the supply of vintage tin had dwindled, but mostly because new cars were equipped for greater speed and power directly from the factory with little or no modification required.

Today

There is still a vibrant Hot Rod culture in North America, especially on the West coast. Hot rod builders such as Jesse James, who is also famous for his motorcycle modifications (choppers), have swept through popular culture like wildfire. The Discovery Channel airs several shows dealing with modern interpretations of kustom kulture such as Monster Garage, American Hot Rod, and Overhaulin'.

Juxtapoz Magazine, founded by the artist Robert Williams, has thrived as a recent extrapolation of kustom kulture art. It has also begun to garner respect as an exhibitor of contemporary artistic talent that transcends kustom kulture's bounds.

The culture is still going strong in Sweden where there are a lot of automobile enthusiasts, also known as raggare. Clubs such as Wheels and Wings in Varberg, Sweden have established themselves in Swedish Hot Rod culture. Since there is very little "vintage tin" the hot rods in Sweden are generally made with a home made chassis (usually a Ford model T or A replica), with a Jaguar rear axle, a small block V8 and fibreglass tub, but some have been built using for instance a Volvo Duett chassis. Because the Swedish regulations required a crash test even for custom-built passenger cars between 1969 and 1982, but the law allowed lorries without a crash test, hot rods from this time were made as two seat trucks.

On April 7, 2005, Boyd Coddington, famed hot rod designer and star of American Hot Rod, pleaded guilty of perpetrating a "Ship of Theseus" fraud. Coddington's hot rods had been registered as antique automobiles in order to avoid emissions and tax liabilities. However, many of the vehicles no longer contained any parts from the original cars, and some were entirely unrelated to their supposed donor vehicles. Interestingly, most of his cars were hand built one offs, complete with hand fabricated aluminium bodies. Technically, they were often late model cars with copies of 1930's-60's bodies on them. Most of the metal was likely never used on a 1932 Ford.

New "Retro Inspired" steel bodies

As the supply of "real steel" antique bodies dwindles to nothing, those who reject fiberglasses as a "bogus aproach", can buy new "retro inspired bodies". They are NOT actual antique, but in some respects better than any previous source of hot rod bodies, even including 1932 vintage Fords. The down side is that $100,000 price that the best bodies command.


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The down side is that $100,000 price that the best bodies command. Another first is an available navigation system. They are NOT actual antique, but in some respects better than any previous source of hot rod bodies, even including 1932 vintage Fords. Although the doors can still be removed in traditional Wrangler fashion, power windows and remote power door locks will be offered for the first time. As the supply of "real steel" antique bodies dwindles to nothing, those who reject fiberglasses as a "bogus aproach", can buy new "retro inspired bodies". The new hardtop allows the sides to be removed for an open-air feeling. Most of the metal was likely never used on a 1932 Ford. A 3-piece hardtop or traditional soft top will be offered.

Technically, they were often late model cars with copies of 1930's-60's bodies on them. Stability control will be a new safety feature for the Wrangler line. Interestingly, most of his cars were hand built one offs, complete with hand fabricated aluminium bodies. A 6-speed manual transmission will be standard, with a 4-speed automatic transmission offered as an option. However, many of the vehicles no longer contained any parts from the original cars, and some were entirely unrelated to their supposed donor vehicles. The 4.7 L PowerTech V8 and 2.8 L VM Motori turbo-Diesel straight-4 used in the Liberty are likely to also be offered as options in some markets. Coddington's hot rods had been registered as antique automobiles in order to avoid emissions and tax liabilities. A 3.8 L OHV V6 producing 205 hp (153 kW) and 240 ft·lbf (325 N·m) will be the base engine, replacing the venerable AMC Straight-6 engine.

On April 7, 2005, Boyd Coddington, famed hot rod designer and star of American Hot Rod, pleaded guilty of perpetrating a "Ship of Theseus" fraud. The JK Wrangler is expected to be offered in three versions eventually:. Because the Swedish regulations required a crash test even for custom-built passenger cars between 1969 and 1982, but the law allowed lorries without a crash test, hot rods from this time were made as two seat trucks. Jeep reportedly intends to cement the Wrangler's position as the marque's most-rugged vehicle as new car-based crossover SUVs take some of its on-road market share. Since there is very little "vintage tin" the hot rods in Sweden are generally made with a home made chassis (usually a Ford model T or A replica), with a Jaguar rear axle, a small block V8 and fibreglass tub, but some have been built using for instance a Volvo Duett chassis. However, it should be noted that similar complaints were heard during previous redesigns. Clubs such as Wheels and Wings in Varberg, Sweden have established themselves in Swedish Hot Rod culture. Many Wrangler enthusiasts have decried this new vehicle's larger size, claiming that it runs counter to the character of the Wrangler, and is too big to be an effective off-road vehicle.

The culture is still going strong in Sweden where there are a lot of automobile enthusiasts, also known as raggare. This next-generation Wrangler is significantly larger than the existing model, with a 2 in (50.8 mm) longer wheelbase and 4 in (101.6 mm) wider track. It has also begun to garner respect as an exhibitor of contemporary artistic talent that transcends kustom kulture's bounds. The TJ platform will be replaced by a new JK platform. Juxtapoz Magazine, founded by the artist Robert Williams, has thrived as a recent extrapolation of kustom kulture art. 2007 will see the complete redesign of the Jeep Wrangler, in both two and four-door models. The Discovery Channel airs several shows dealing with modern interpretations of kustom kulture such as Monster Garage, American Hot Rod, and Overhaulin'. [citation needed].

Hot rod builders such as Jesse James, who is also famous for his motorcycle modifications (choppers), have swept through popular culture like wildfire. The Wrangler Unlimited is in its final year of production to be replaced by the 2007 4-door Wrangler. There is still a vibrant Hot Rod culture in North America, especially on the West coast. In 2005, Jeep released the Rubicon Unlimited, which has the wheelbase of the Unlimited and the off-road features of the Rubicon as well as many other comfort and convenience options not offered on other Wranglers. The "classic era" of hot rod construction ended around 1965, in part because the supply of vintage tin had dwindled, but mostly because new cars were equipped for greater speed and power directly from the factory with little or no modification required. In 2004, Jeep introduced the Wrangler Unlimited with a 10 inch (~25.4 cm) longer wheelbase; it is also known by its unofficial designation of LJ. Construction of a hot rod required skill with mechanical work, welding, and automotive paint and body work. To match the vehicle in the film, it was offered in Bright Silver but looked nothing like the one in the film.

Certain engines, such as the flathead Ford V8 and the small block Chevrolet V8 were particularly sought after as replacements, because of their compact size, ready availability, and power. Interior features included Dark Slate fabric seats with red accent stitching down the center, silver surround instrument panel bezel, red seatbelts and a Tomb Raider badge with serial number. The typical hot rod was heavily modified, particularly through replacement of the engine and transmission, and possibly other components including brakes and steering. Along with the standard Rubicon fare, it also included exterior features such as 16-inch Alcoa forged aluminum wheels, Tomb Raider badging, and Mopar accessories including a light bar, riveted fender flares, tubular grille guard, diamond-plated bumper guard, etc. Many of these had sound bodies and frames and had been junked for mechanical reasons, since the running gear of early cars was not durable. A limited run of 1,000 Wrangler Rubicon "Tomb Raider" models were produced in 2003 to promote the Tomb Raider sequel, Lara Croft Tomb Raider: The Cradle of Life. During this time, there was an adequate supply of what hot rodders called "vintage tin" -- junk cars manufactured prior to 1942 that could be had cheaply. The 42RLE four-speed automatic transmission was available from 2003 to 2005.

The Hot Rod era extended from 1945 to the beginning of the muscle car era (about 1965), reaching its height in about 1955. 2003 and 2004 featured the NV3550 manual transmission in the Rubicon while 2005 changed to a six speed. . It features front and rear Dana 44 axles with built-in air-actuated locking differentials, rear helical gear-driven limited slip differential, 4:1 low-range NV241 transfer case, 4.10:1 differential gears, 16-inch alloy wheels, and Goodyear MTR P245×75×R16 tires. Author Tom Wolfe was one of the first to recognise the importance of hot rodding in popular culture, and bring it to mainstream attention, as described in his book The Kandy-Kolored Tangerine Flake Streamline Baby. The Wrangler Rubicon (named for the famed Rubicon Trail off-road test circuit) was introduced in 2003. Hot rods are important to American culture. Other changes included the 1999 additions of a larger standard fuel tank, child seat tethers and sound system improvements in 2000, and intermittent wipers, a new console, and an optional locking compartment for 2001.

There are also television shows like My Classic Car, and Horse Power TV. A 2.5 L AMC Inline-4 motor was available on entry-level models until 2003 when the 2.4 L DOHC Neon 4-cylinder engine replaced it. There are many magazines that you can look at to see hot rods like Hot Rod Magazine, Street Rodder, and Popular Hot Rodding. The engine is the same 4.0 L AMC Straight-6 used in the Cherokee and Grand Cherokee. Those who work according to the original idea of cheap, fast and no frills are often called rat rods. This updated Wrangler featured a coil-spring suspension (based on that of the Jeep Grand Cherokee) for better ride and handling, and a return to the CJ's iconic round headlamps. Nowadays people who own hot rods keep them clean and try to make them noticeable. The YJ gave way to the Jeep TJ for the 1997 model year.

The Wally Parks NHRA Motorsports Museum houses the very roots of hot rodding. On August 5, 1987, American Motors was bought by Chrysler, and the Jeep marque became a part of Chrysler's Jeep/Eagle division. The annual California Hot Rod Reunion and National Hot Rod Reunion are held to honor pioneers in the sport. An automatic transmission option for 4-cylinder Wranglers came in 1994 along with a center high-mounted stop light. Hot Rodders, including Wally Parks created the National Hot Rod Association NHRA to bring racing off the streets and onto the tracks. The roll cage was extended in 1992 to allow for rear shoulder belts, and anti-lock brakes were added as an option the next year. In the 1970s hot rodders tried to clean up their reputation and thus they started to use the term "street rod" instead. That year, a fuel injected 180 hp (134 kW) 4.0 L variant replaced the 112 hp (84 kW) 4.2 L straight-6.

Other sources indicate that the term was derived from replacement of connecting rods in engines to allow higher RPMs to be reached without parts failure. The YJ used a 2.5 L AMC I4 or optional 4.2 L AMC I6 until 1991. The term may have originated from "hot roadster" and the term was used in the 1950s and 1960s as a derogatory term for any car that did not fit into the mainstream. YJs are easily identifiable by their rectangular headlights. Originally the term was used to the practice of taking an old, cheap car, removing weight (usually by removing roof, hood, bumpers, windscreen and fenders), lower it, change or tune the engine to give more power, add fat wheels for traction and paint it to make it stand out. The YJ was replaced in 1996 by 1997's TJ. Hot rods are older, often historical, cars. (This prompted some Jeep purists to interpret the YJ as a "yuppie Jeep" upon the model's introduction.) 632,231 YJs were built through model year 1995.

It was a new design with a longer wheelbase, less ground clearance, and more comfort, and some of its inspiration came from its stable mate, the Jeep Cherokee, rather than from its CJ predecessor alone. The Jeep YJ, sold as the Wrangler, replaced the much-loved but slower-selling Jeep CJ in 1987. . The Wrangler is produced at the Toledo South Assembly plant in Toledo, Ohio.

The Wrangler debuted in 1987, was updated in 1997, and is still popular today. It is a successor to the famous World War II GP vehicle by way of the 'Willy's' Jeep in the 1950s and later by the Jeep CJ series. The Wrangler (also known as the YJ and TJ, as explained below) is a small ORV from Jeep. URL accessed on January 12, 2006..

Jeep.com. 2007 Jeep Wrangler Specifications. URL accessed on January 9, 2006.. Automobile Magazine.

2007 Jeep Wrangler. URL accessed on January 9, 2006.. Detroit News. Jeep's target: Everybody.

URL accessed on January 9, 2006.. AutoWeek. Jeep touting ruggedness of redesigned Wrangler. A long wheelbase pickup truck.

A long wheelbase 4-door. A short wheelbase 2-door.