Gwen StefaniGwen StefaniGwen Renée Stefani (born October 3, 1969) is an American singer and the frontwoman of the band No Doubt who launched a successful solo career in late 2004. BeginningsStefani was born in Fullerton, California. Her father, Denis, is Italian and her mother Patti is of English and Scottish descent. She has a sister, Jill, and two brothers, Eric and Todd. She attended Cal State Fullerton, and at Loara High School (class of 1987), she was on the swim team. Her first job was scrubbing floors at a Dairy Queen, and she once worked at a department store. Her brother Eric founded No Doubt in 1986 with his friend John Spence, but eventually left the band to pursue a career in animation on The Simpsons. He was the keyboardist for No Doubt. Gwen became the group's lead singer after original frontman John Spence committed suicide in December 1987. First successStefani on the cover of Tragic KingdomThe band's second studio album, Tragic Kingdom, took three years to make. During this time, the band almost split up. The album was released in 1995 and spawned several hits, beginning with "Just a Girl". Following the success of Tragic Kingdom, Stefani became highly popular and recognizable; the tension this produced with the other members of the band was touched on by their video for the song "Don't Speak". Many of the album's songs, including "Don't Speak" and "Spiderwebs", were inspired by Stefani's relationship and breakup with fellow band member Tony Kanal. Gwen had dated Kanal for eight years until he ended the relationship because he needed more space. She slipped into depression after touring for Tragic Kingdom. The album also spun off the moderate successful hits, "Excuse Me Mr." and "Sunday Morning", which were released as singles fourth and fifth, respectively. Stefani met Bush guitarist Gavin Rossdale in 1996 at a concert she was playing with No Doubt. On September 14, 2002, they were married. Solo careerStefani on the cover of Love. Angel. Music. Baby.Gwen duets with The Artist formerly known as Prince on the song "So Far, So Pleased" from his 1999 album Rave In2 The Joy Fantastic. The same Prince produced album features rap by Eve of Ruff Ryders, who later collaborated with Gwen. Stefani's solo efforts found early success in a pair of popular 2001 duets, the "Southside" remix with techno artist Moby and "Let Me Blow Ya Mind" with rapper Eve. In fact, Stefani became the first artist in history to win both Best Male Video and Best Female Video awards at the MTV VMAs, for "Southside" (credited as "Moby featuring Gwen Stefani") and "Let Me Blow Ya Mind" (credited as "Eve featuring Gwen Stefani") respectively, both in 2001. Stefani's first solo album, Love. Angel. Music. Baby. was released in the U.S. on November 23, 2004. It managed to sell more copies in its first week than any No Doubt album (350,000), debuting at number seven, impressive for a debut solo artist. (Although her previous status is what most likely debuted it at such a high number.) Her album was certified platinum (1,000,000 copies sold) after only four weeks of sales. The first single released was "What You Waiting For?" It debuted at number one on the Australian ARIAnet singles chart and at number four on the UK chart, and peaked at number forty-seven on the U.S. chart, making it a relative American flop for Stefani. In Canada, it managed to climb to number eleven, but dropped out of the top thirty quite rapidly. The second single, "Rich Girl", another duet with Eve, was produced by Dr. Dre. It is partly a cover of the song "If I Was A Rich Man" from the musical Fiddler on the Roof, written by Jerry Bock and Sheldon Harnick. It shot its way into the Billboard Hot 100, peaking at number seven, and number three on the Pop 100. It was also featured on a Pepsi commercial, starting on Super Bowl Sunday, 2005. Love.Angel.Music.Baby.'s third single, "Hollaback Girl", was released in April of 2005 and became one of the fastest rising songs of the year. In only its sixth week, it hit number one on the Billboard Hot 100, making Stefani the first white, non-urban or non-American Idol artist to reach the top spot since Nickelback in 2001/2002 with their hit, "How You Remind Me". The song held this position for one month, until "We Belong Together", a ballad by Mariah Carey, overtook it. Since its tenth week, and currently the thirteenth week, "Hollaback Girl" sits at number two, due to "We Belong Together". In Australia, "Hollaback Girl" debuted at number one, where it hailed for one week, selling over 5,000 copies. When the song was released in the UK, it debuted at number eight. The following week, it duplicated the same position, to the confusion of many. In its third week, it fell to number eleven, unable to climb to a higher peak. Despite not being as successful as predicted due to the large audience "Hollaback Girl" received across the rest of the globe, it did manage to sell in excess of 50,000 copies, illustrating that Stefani wasn't going to be halted so easily. "Hollaback Girl" also helped Love.Angel.Music.Baby. climb to a new peak of four in the UK. Recently Stefani announced on the popular radio station Z100 that "Cool" will be the fourth single, and that its video will be shot in Italy. HarajukuThe release of her solo album has also brought attention to Stefani's entourage of four harajuku girls. Named Love, Angel, Music, and Baby respectively by Stefani, the 'harajuku' girls are named for the area around the Harajuku Station of Tokyo, Japan, known as a popular shopping destination and fashion center for teenagers. Following their namesake area, Stefani's harajuku girls are usually flamboyantly dressed (sometimes in a somewhat "Gothic Lolita" style), and they have been featured in her music videos, press coverage, on the album cover for Love. Angel. Music. Baby., and have a song dedicated to them on the album. However, Stefani's adoption of this component of Japanese culture has drawn criticism from some quarters; for example, Mihi Ahn at Salon.com writes: 'Stefani has taken the idea of Japanese street fashion and turned these women into modern-day geisha, contractually obligated to speak only Japanese in public, even though it's rumored they're just plain old Americans and their English is just fine... she's swallowed a subversive youth culture in Japan and barfed up another image of submissive giggling Asian women.' [1] (http://www.salon.com/ent/feature/2005/04/09/geisha/) Certification
Unreleased Tracks from L.A.M.B."Parental Advisory": Produced by Rich Harrison who worked on Beyoncé Knowles' "Crazy In Love". The song pokes fun at dancers with moves better suited for the strip clubs than the dance clubs. "Wonderful Life for Him": Written with Linda Perry. Gwen first abandoned this song as it was very personal to her. Then she rediscovered it six months later and thought it was great! The song is written about a boy that she dated in high school that recently died. "You Started It": Written with Pharrell Williams. "Fine by You": Written with Linda Perry. The song is about not being inspired. It was one of the first songs written for the album. As if coincidental in some sort of way, "What You Waiting For?" was written the following day. TriviaGwen has created a successful fashion line, named L.A.M.B, which showcases clothing which Gwen would wear herself. The line also includes handbags and purses. Celebrities such as Nicky Hilton, Paris Hilton, Pamela Anderson, Carmen Electra, Nicole Richie, Jenny McCarthy, Alicia Keys and Halle Berry have been seen sporting her fashion line and LeSportsac bags. Stefani's nicknames are Sunshine and G-loc. Her height is 1.68m. She is dyslexic. Stefani likes to listen to bands like 311, Blur, Radiohead and Jamiroquai. Stefani lent her voice to the title character of Malice, a PS2 and Xbox video game; before completion, however, the company opted not to use No Doubt band-members' voices. Girls and young women who imitate Stefani's distinctive style of dress are sometimes referred to as "Gwennabes" or "Gwenabees". Stefani made her acting debut playing Jean Harlow in the 2004 Martin Scorsese movie The Aviator, but made a quick cameo appearance in the movie "Zoolander". When not touring, or working on her other projects, she shares two homes with her husband, Gavin Rossdale, in Los Feliz, California (a suburb in Los Angeles), and London. Her vinyl red gown that she wore on the cover of No Doubt’s Tragic Kingdom was stolen from the Fullertown Museum Centre in Orange County, United States. Speculation circulates that the dress might have been sold. Stefani's natural hair colour is brown, though she has coloured it blue and pink before. Her two trademarks include her famous platinum blonde hair, and her extremely red lipstick. Stefani has been quoted saying, "I think I've been able to fool a lot of people because I know I'm a dork. I'm a geek." [2] (http://www.nodoubt.com/band/Articles/07Axcess.htm) Solo DiscographyStudio albums
Singles
This page about Gwen Stefani includes information from a Wikipedia article. Additional articles about Gwen Stefani News stories about Gwen Stefani External links for Gwen Stefani Videos for Gwen Stefani Wikis about Gwen Stefani Discussion Groups about Gwen Stefani Blogs about Gwen Stefani Images of Gwen Stefani |
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I'm a geek." [2] (http://www.nodoubt.com/band/Articles/07Axcess.htm). It is also one of the highest scoring states on advanced placement tests. Stefani has been quoted saying, "I think I've been able to fool a lot of people because I know I'm a dork. It has one of the lowest high-school dropout rates in the nation and is tied with New Jersey for having the 2nd highest percentage of students who go on to college after high-school. Her two trademarks include her famous platinum blonde hair, and her extremely red lipstick. Massachusetts is known for having one of the best public school systems in the nation. Stefani's natural hair colour is brown, though she has coloured it blue and pink before. Massachusetts also is home to well-known independent research institutions, including Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution and the Marine Biological Laboratory. Speculation circulates that the dress might have been sold. Music schools include Berklee and the New England Conservatory. Her vinyl red gown that she wore on the cover of No Doubt’s Tragic Kingdom was stolen from the Fullertown Museum Centre in Orange County, United States. Other notable Massachusetts colleges include Hampshire College and the flagship campus of the University of Massachusetts). When not touring, or working on her other projects, she shares two homes with her husband, Gavin Rossdale, in Los Feliz, California (a suburb in Los Angeles), and London. In addition to MIT, technology-oriented universities include Worcester Polytechnic Institute, and University of Massachusetts Lowell, which includes the former Lowell Institute of Technology ("Lowell Tech"). Stefani made her acting debut playing Jean Harlow in the 2004 Martin Scorsese movie The Aviator, but made a quick cameo appearance in the movie "Zoolander". Massachusetts is home to one Ivy League university (Harvard) and four of the Seven Sisters (Mount Holyoke, Radcliffe College (now a research institute at Harvard), Smith, and Wellesley). Girls and young women who imitate Stefani's distinctive style of dress are sometimes referred to as "Gwennabes" or "Gwenabees". News & World Report, 10 of the nation's top-50 colleges and universities are located in Massachusetts: Amherst College, Boston College, Brandeis University, Harvard University, the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Mount Holyoke College, Smith College, Tufts University, Wellesley College and Williams College. Stefani lent her voice to the title character of Malice, a PS2 and Xbox video game; before completion, however, the company opted not to use No Doubt band-members' voices. According to U.S. Stefani likes to listen to bands like 311, Blur, Radiohead and Jamiroquai. Massachusetts hosts more prominent colleges and universities than any other state in the U.S. She is dyslexic. The population of metropolitan Boston surges noticeably during the school year due to the concentration of colleges and universities in the area (see list of colleges and universities in metropolitan Boston). Her height is 1.68m. Eight Boston-area institutions (Boston College, Boston University, Brandeis, Harvard, MIT, Northeastern, Tufts, and UMass/Boston) call themselves "research universities;" they became, according to them, "engines of economic growth" following World War II, and currently contribute $7 billion annually to the local economy [3] (http://web.mit.edu/newsoffice/nr/2003/econimpact.html). Stefani's nicknames are Sunshine and G-loc. population, but is home to many of its most renowned preparatory schools, colleges, and universities[2] (http://www.utexas.edu/world/univ/state/) (see full list of colleges and universities in Massachusetts). Celebrities such as Nicky Hilton, Paris Hilton, Pamela Anderson, Carmen Electra, Nicole Richie, Jenny McCarthy, Alicia Keys and Halle Berry have been seen sporting her fashion line and LeSportsac bags. Massachusetts contains only 2.5% of the U.S. The line also includes handbags and purses. Massachusetts cities and towns of historical or cultural importance include. Gwen has created a successful fashion line, named L.A.M.B, which showcases clothing which Gwen would wear herself. The Commonwealth of Massachusetts has a total of 50 cities and 301 towns, grouped into 14 counties. As if coincidental in some sort of way, "What You Waiting For?" was written the following day. See also: List of Massachusetts counties; List of cities in Massachusetts. It was one of the first songs written for the album. Barnstable and Dukes Counties have adopted modern county charters, enabling them to act as efficient regional governments. The song is about not being inspired. The governments of Bristol, Plymouth, and Norfolk Counties remain substantially unchanged. "Fine by You": Written with Linda Perry. This law was later amended to abolish Hampshire County on January 1, 1999; Essex County on July 1 of that same year; and Berkshire County on July 1, 2000. Chapter 34B of the Massachusetts General Laws (http://www.state.ma.us/legis/laws/mgl/gl-34B-toc.htm) provides that other counties may also vote to abolish themselves, or to reorganize as a "regional council of governments", as Hampshire and Franklin Counties have done. "You Started It": Written with Pharrell Williams. The law abolishing Middlesex County also provided for the elimination of Hampden County and Worcester County on July 1, 1998. Then she rediscovered it six months later and thought it was great! The song is written about a boy that she dated in high school that recently died. Later that year, the Franklin County Commission voted itself out of existence. Gwen first abandoned this song as it was very personal to her. The government of Middlesex County was officially abolished on July 11, 1997. "Wonderful Life for Him": Written with Linda Perry. Mismanagement of Middlesex County's public hospital in the mid 1990s left that county on the brink of insolvency, and in 1997 the legislature stepped in by assuming all assets and obligations of the county. The song pokes fun at dancers with moves better suited for the strip clubs than the dance clubs. The government of Nantucket County, which is geographically coterminous with the Town of Nantucket, is operated along similar lines- the town selectmen (executive branch) act as the county commissioners. "Parental Advisory": Produced by Rich Harrison who worked on Beyoncé Knowles' "Crazy In Love". Thus, residents of the other three Suffolk County communities do not have a voice on the county commission, but all the county expenses are paid by the city of Boston. she's swallowed a subversive youth culture in Japan and barfed up another image of submissive giggling Asian women.' [1] (http://www.salon.com/ent/feature/2005/04/09/geisha/). The government of Suffolk County was substantially integrated with the city government of Boston more than one hundred years ago, to the extent that the members of the Boston city council are ex officio the Suffolk County Commissioners, and Boston's treasurer and auditor fulfill the same offices for the county. However, Stefani's adoption of this component of Japanese culture has drawn criticism from some quarters; for example, Mihi Ahn at Salon.com writes: 'Stefani has taken the idea of Japanese street fashion and turned these women into modern-day geisha, contractually obligated to speak only Japanese in public, even though it's rumored they're just plain old Americans and their English is just fine.. By the 1990s, most functions of county governments (including operation of courts and road maintenance) had been taken over by the state, and most county governments were seen as inefficient and outmoded. Baby., and have a song dedicated to them on the album. However, many residents also identify with neighborhoods, villages, or other districts of their towns. Music. Census Bureau, which in most data products considers towns to be minor civil divisions, equivalent to townships in other states (usually with much weaker forms of government). Angel. This complicates comparisons with other states, as most residents identify strongly with the town or city in which they reside, and not with the "populated places" as defined and used in the U.S. Following their namesake area, Stefani's harajuku girls are usually flamboyantly dressed (sometimes in a somewhat "Gothic Lolita" style), and they have been featured in her music videos, press coverage, on the album cover for Love. In contrast, the cities and towns of Massachusetts divide up all of the land between them and there are no "unincorporated" areas or population centers. Named Love, Angel, Music, and Baby respectively by Stefani, the 'harajuku' girls are named for the area around the Harajuku Station of Tokyo, Japan, known as a popular shopping destination and fashion center for teenagers. County governments have significant importance, particularly to those living outside towns, and often perform major functions such as operating airports. The release of her solo album has also brought attention to Stefani's entourage of four harajuku girls. In contrast, the state is completely apportioned into counties. Recently Stefani announced on the popular radio station Z100 that "Cool" will be the fourth single, and that its video will be shot in Italy. Between the towns are unincorporated areas, usually quite large, which do not belong to any town. "Hollaback Girl" also helped Love.Angel.Music.Baby. climb to a new peak of four in the UK. In many states, a town is a compact incorporated area. Despite not being as successful as predicted due to the large audience "Hollaback Girl" received across the rest of the globe, it did manage to sell in excess of 50,000 copies, illustrating that Stefani wasn't going to be halted so easily. Massachusetts municipalities are subject to a budgetary law known as "Proposition 2½", by which they may not increase expenditures by more than 2½% per annum without the approval of the voters in a plebiscite. In its third week, it fell to number eleven, unable to climb to a higher peak. Massachusetts has a very limited home rule mechanism; in order to exercise jurisdiction outside of these bounds, a municipality must petition the General Court for special legislation giving it that authority. The following week, it duplicated the same position, to the confusion of many. These cities are legally styled "the City Known as the Town of X". When the song was released in the UK, it debuted at number eight. There are now a number of municipalities which are legally cities and thus have city councils, but retained the word "town" in their names, including Agawam, Methuen, Watertown, Weymouth, and Westfield. In Australia, "Hollaback Girl" debuted at number one, where it hailed for one week, selling over 5,000 copies. This distinction dates to the 1820s; prior to that, all municipalities were governed by Town Meeting. Since its tenth week, and currently the thirteenth week, "Hollaback Girl" sits at number two, due to "We Belong Together". Politically, the only difference between a town and a city is that a town is governed under the Town Meeting or Representative Town Meeting form of government, whereas a city has a city council (and may or may not have a mayor, a city manager, or both). The song held this position for one month, until "We Belong Together", a ballad by Mariah Carey, overtook it. Massachusetts law maintains a distinction between "cities" and "towns"; the largest town in population is Framingham. In only its sixth week, it hit number one on the Billboard Hot 100, making Stefani the first white, non-urban or non-American Idol artist to reach the top spot since Nickelback in 2001/2002 with their hit, "How You Remind Me". Massachusetts shares with the six New England states, plus New York and New Jersey, a governmental structure known as the "New England town.". Love.Angel.Music.Baby.'s third single, "Hollaback Girl", was released in April of 2005 and became one of the fastest rising songs of the year. The three largest Protestant denominations in Massachusetts are: Baptist (4% of total state population), Episcopalian (3%), Methodist & Congregationalist (tied 2%). It was also featured on a Pepsi commercial, starting on Super Bowl Sunday, 2005. The religious affiliations of the people of Massachusetts are:. It shot its way into the Billboard Hot 100, peaking at number seven, and number three on the Pop 100. The five largest ancestries in Massachusetts are Irish (22.5%), Italian (13.5%), English (11.4%), French (8%), German (5.9%). It is partly a cover of the song "If I Was A Rich Man" from the musical Fiddler on the Roof, written by Jerry Bock and Sheldon Harnick. Historically, the coast has been much more urban than Western Massachusetts, which is very rural, save for the cities of Springfield and Worcester. Dre. The bulk of this population surrounds Greater Boston, with approximately 5,800,000 people, and the North and South Shores. The second single, "Rich Girl", another duet with Eve, was produced by Dr. The population of Massachusetts is 6,433,422 (US Census, 2003). In Canada, it managed to climb to number eleven, but dropped out of the top thirty quite rapidly. See the list of Massachusetts places by per capita income. chart, making it a relative American flop for Stefani. Other sectors vital to the Massachusetts economy include higher education, health care, financial services and tourism. The first single released was "What You Waiting For?" It debuted at number one on the Australian ARIAnet singles chart and at number four on the UK chart, and peaked at number forty-seven on the U.S. Thanks largely to the Ocean Spray cooperative, Massachusetts is the second largest cranberry producing state in the union (after Wisconsin). (Although her previous status is what most likely debuted it at such a high number.) Her album was certified platinum (1,000,000 copies sold) after only four weeks of sales. Its industrial outputs are machinery, electric equipment, scientific instruments, printing, and publishing. It managed to sell more copies in its first week than any No Doubt album (350,000), debuting at number seven, impressive for a debut solo artist. Its agricultural outputs are seafood, nursery stock, dairy products, cranberries, and vegetables. on November 23, 2004. Per capita personal income in 2003 was $39,504, 4th in the nation. Music. Baby. was released in the U.S. The Bureau of Economic Analysis (http://www.bea.gov/) estimates that Massachusetts's total state product in 2003 was $297 billion. Angel. See the articles on same-sex marriage in the United States and same-sex marriage in Massachusetts. Stefani's first solo album, Love. Following a November 2003 decision of the state's Supreme Court, Massachusetts became the first state to issue same-sex marriage licenses on May 17, 2004. In fact, Stefani became the first artist in history to win both Best Male Video and Best Female Video awards at the MTV VMAs, for "Southside" (credited as "Moby featuring Gwen Stefani") and "Let Me Blow Ya Mind" (credited as "Eve featuring Gwen Stefani") respectively, both in 2001. When informed that the Democratic National Convention would be in Boston, House Majority Leader Dick Armey remarked, "If I were a Democrat, I suspect I'd feel a heck of a lot more comfortable in Boston than, say, America." While campaigning in the western part of the country, President Bush would often jab, "My opponent says he's in touch with the West, but sometimes I think he means Western Massachusetts." The stump speech that he used at many of his campaign stops included many such disparaging remarks directed at Massachusetts and New England in general. Stefani's solo efforts found early success in a pair of popular 2001 duets, the "Southside" remix with techno artist Moby and "Let Me Blow Ya Mind" with rapper Eve. During the 2004 Presidential Election, Massachusetts was the target of many GOP regionalist attacks along the campaign trail. The same Prince produced album features rap by Eve of Ruff Ryders, who later collaborated with Gwen. During the Colonial period, Massachusetts was one of the leading states in the fight for independence. Gwen duets with The Artist formerly known as Prince on the song "So Far, So Pleased" from his 1999 album Rave In2 The Joy Fantastic. The liberal tendencies of Massachusetts extend throughout American history: in the 19th century, Massachusetts was a center of abolitionism, having been the first state to abolish slavery by law. On September 14, 2002, they were married. Two of these governors, Paul Cellucci and Jane Swift took office when their predecessors resigned to take other positions. Stefani met Bush guitarist Gavin Rossdale in 1996 at a concert she was playing with No Doubt. Although Republicans have held the governor's office continuously from 1991 to the present, many of these (especially William Weld, the first of the recent lineage of Republican governors) are considered among the most moderate or progressive Republicans in the nation. The album also spun off the moderate successful hits, "Excuse Me Mr." and "Sunday Morning", which were released as singles fourth and fifth, respectively. Congress. She slipped into depression after touring for Tragic Kingdom. state represented by one party in the U.S. Gwen had dated Kanal for eight years until he ended the relationship because he needed more space. It is the home of the Kennedy family of political fame, and routinely votes for the Democratic Party in federal elections. As of 2004, it is by far the largest U.S. Many of the album's songs, including "Don't Speak" and "Spiderwebs", were inspired by Stefani's relationship and breakup with fellow band member Tony Kanal. Massachusetts has a reputation as being a politically liberal state, and is often used as an archetype of liberalism in the U.S. Following the success of Tragic Kingdom, Stefani became highly popular and recognizable; the tension this produced with the other members of the band was touched on by their video for the song "Don't Speak". The most populated part of western Massachusetts is the "Pioneer Valley", alongside the Connecticut River, which flows across Western Massachusetts from north to south. The album was released in 1995 and spawned several hits, beginning with "Just a Girl". Western Massachusetts is more rural and sparsely populated, especially in the Berkshires, the branch of the Appalachian Mountains which forms the western border of the state. During this time, the band almost split up. Most of the population of the Boston metropolitan area (approximately 5,800,000) does not live in the city; eastern Massachusetts on the whole is fairly densely populated and largely suburban. The band's second studio album, Tragic Kingdom, took three years to make. Boston is the largest city, located at the inmost point of Massachusetts Bay, at the mouth of the Charles River, the longest river entirely within Massachusetts. Gwen became the group's lead singer after original frontman John Spence committed suicide in December 1987. A few cities and towns on the Massachusetts–Rhode Island border are also adjacent to Narragansett Bay. He was the keyboardist for No Doubt. Massachusetts is known as the Bay State because of the several large bays that give its coastline its distinctive shape: Massachusetts Bay and Cape Cod Bay on the state's east coast, and Buzzards Bay to the south. Her brother Eric founded No Doubt in 1986 with his friend John Spence, but eventually left the band to pursue a career in animation on The Simpsons. The islands of Martha's Vineyard and Nantucket lie to the south of Cape Cod. Her first job was scrubbing floors at a Dairy Queen, and she once worked at a department store. At the southeastern corner of the state is a large, sandy, arm-shaped peninsula called Cape Cod. She attended Cal State Fullerton, and at Loara High School (class of 1987), she was on the swim team. Massachusetts is bordered on the north by New Hampshire and Vermont, on the west by New York, on the south by Connecticut and Rhode Island, and on the east by the Atlantic Ocean. She has a sister, Jill, and two brothers, Eric and Todd. Massachusetts is commonly referred to by residents both as "the state" and as "the Commonwealth." For example, on March 22, 2005, one Boston Globe story said that opponents of a proposal saw it as "burdening the state with more law schools than it needs," while another published the same day noted that "the Commonwealth faces difficult spending choices.". Her father, Denis, is Italian and her mother Patti is of English and Scottish descent. In his "Life and Works", Adams wrote: "There is, however, a peculiar sense in which the words republic, commonwealth, popular state, are used by English and French writers, who mean by them a democracy, a government in one centre, and that centre a single assembly, chosen at stated periods by the people and invested with the whole sovereignty, the whole legislative, executive and judicial power to be included in a body or by committees as they shall think proper." Source: [1] (http://www.sec.state.ma.us/cis/cismaf/mf1a.htm). Stefani was born in Fullerton, California. In this draft, Part Two of the Constitution, under the heading "Frame of Government", states, "that the people...form themselves into a free, sovereign, and independent body politic, or state by the name of The Commonwealth of Massachusetts." The first draft of the Constitution, and all acts and resolves up to 1780, had used the name "State of Massachusetts Bay"; but since the adoption of the second draft of the Constitution the state has always been referred to as The Commonwealth of Massachusetts. Gwen Renée Stefani (born October 3, 1969) is an American singer and the frontwoman of the band No Doubt who launched a successful solo career in late 2004. The name "Commonwealth" for Massachusetts can be traced to the second draft of the state Constitution, written by John Adams and accepted by the people in 1780. 2005: "Hollaback Girl" — #1 US (4 weeks); #8 UK; #2 CAN; #1 (1 week) AU. There may have been some anti-monarchic sentiment informing the use of the word Commonwealth, which was also used to mean 'republic'. Eve) — #7 US; #4 UK; #4 CAN; #2 AU. In the era leading up to 1780, when the state Constitution was ratified, the word Commonwealth was the preferred term among political writers for a whole body of people constituting a nation or state. 2005: "Rich Girl" (feat. federal government's use of the term "commonwealth" to refer to the status of certain insular areas such as Puerto Rico. 2004: "What You Waiting For?" — #47 US; #4 UK; #11 CAN; #1 (2 weeks) AU. states that use the name "Commonwealth"; the others are Pennsylvania, Virginia, and Kentucky; this is distinct from the U.S. Baby. — #5 US; #4 UK; #5 CAN; #1 AU — Worldwide sales: 5 million. It is one of four U.S. Music. Massachusetts is officially termed "the Commonwealth of Massachusetts"
(rather than "State") by its constitution. Angel. Retrieved March 24, 2005) "Hollaback Girl" is certified platinum.
Massachusetts currently has no death penalty. Felons currently imprisoned, however, may not vote1. Also unlike many other states, Massachusetts does not prohibit ex-felons from voting. Most states distinguish between felonies and misdemeanors. In Massachusetts, contrary to most states, a felon is any person serving prison time, and a felony is any crime whose convinction carries with it a prison sentence. They are made up of 282 chapters. The laws of Massachusetts are created by the Great and General Court of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, the Commonwealth's elected bicameral legislative body, and are interpreted by the Supreme Judicial Court of Massachusetts. The state legislature is formally styled the "Great and General Court of the Commonwealth"; the highest court is the "Supreme Judicial Court". senators are Edward Kennedy (Democrat) and John Kerry (Democrat); as of the 2001 redistricting, Massachusetts has ten seats in the United States House of Representatives (all Democratic). Massachusetts's two U.S. The state does not maintain an official governor's residence. The capital of Massachusetts is Boston and the governor of the state is Mitt Romney (Republican). See: Massachusetts Constitution, List of Massachusetts Governors. See also: Basketball, Battle of Lexington and Concord, Battle of Bunker Hill, Christian
Science, Moxie, Patriot's
Day, Puritanism, Salem Witch Trials, Shays' Rebellion,
Siege of Boston, Thanksgiving, Transcendentalism, Volleyball, and Western Massachusetts. Massachusetts contains many historic houses (See Historic houses in Massachusetts for more
details). On March 15, 1820 the area of Maine was separated from Massachusetts, of which it had been a non-contiguous part, and entered
the Union as a State in its own right. According to a 1790 census, Massachusetts had a zero population of slaves. On February 6, 1788 Massachusetts became the sixth state to ratify the United States Constitution. John Hancock was the first governor of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts. Today, it is the oldest functioning written constitution in the world. "We, therefore, the people of Massachusetts, acknowledging, with grateful hearts, the goodness of the Great Legislator of the Universe, in affording us, in the course of His Providence, an opportunity, deliberately and peaceably, without fraud, violence or surprize, on entering into an Original, explicit, and Solemn Compact with each other; and of forming a new Constitution of Civil Government, for Ourselves and Posterity, and devoutly imploring His direction in so interesting a design, Do agree upon, ordain and establish, the following Declaration of Rights, and Frame of Government, as the Constitution of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts.". At that time, Adams along with Samuel Adams, and James Bowdoin wrote in the Preamble to the Constitution of the Commonwealth, 1780:. A Constitutional Convention drew up a Constitution drafted in the main by John Adams, and the people ratified it on June 15, 1780. Several early Revolutionary battles took place in Massachusetts, including the Battles of Lexington and Concord, (where the famous shot heard round the world was fired,) the Battle of Bunker Hill, and the Siege of Boston. In Boston on March 5, 1770, an African-American named Crispus Attucks, from Framingham, was killed at an event that became known as the Boston Massacre; Attucks is often considered the first casualty of the American Revolution. On February 9, 1775 the British Parliament declared Massachusetts to be in rebellion, and sent additional troops to restore order to the colony. Massachusetts was the first colony to revolt against British rule, and thus the instigator of the American Revolution. Gage was the last British governor of Massachusetts. Notable governors during this period were Thomas Hutchinson, Sir Francis Bernard, and Thomas Gage. Andros was exonerated and went on to become Governor of Virginia (1692–98). Andros and his officials were held on Castle Island and then sent back to England as prisoners. At the news of the accession of William and Mary, the Boston colonials rebelled. He established his authority later in New Hampshire and the King's Province (part of today's Rhode Island), maintaining this position until Sir Edmund Andros arrived to become the Royal Governor of the New England Dominion. Dudley continued on as a member of Governor Andros' council. In May of 1686, the Massachusetts Bay Colony came to an end, as Joseph Dudley became President of New England under a commission of King James II. It took many years for the colonies of southern New England to recover from the effects of the war. King Philip's War (1675-1676), the bloodiest Indian war of the early colonial period, included major campaigns in the Pioneer Valley and Plymouth Colony. People such as Anne Hutchinson, Roger Williams, and Thomas Hooker left Massachusetts and went South because of the Puritans' lack of religious tolerance. Williams ended up founding the colony of Rhode Island and Hooker founded Connecticut. Although the Puritans came to Massachusetts for religious freedom, they were not tolerant of any other religion than theirs. They were soon followed by the Puritans, who established the Massachusetts Bay Colony. The Pilgrims established their settlement at Plymouth in 1620, arriving on the Mayflower. Until 1691 when they merged, Massachusetts Bay Colony and Plymouth Colony were separate colonies. The Massachusetts Bay Colony was named after the indigenous population, the Massachusett, whose name means "a large hill place" in reference to a small mountain known today as "Blue Hill" (located in Milton, just south of Boston). Seven ships of the United States Navy have been named USS Massachusetts in honor of this state. The United States Postal Service abbreviation for Massachusetts is MA and its traditional abbreviation is Mass.. On December 18, 1990, the Legislature decided that the people of the Commonwealth would be designated as Bay Staters. Other nicknames are the Old Colony State, and less commonly the Puritan state and the Baked Bean state. Its nickame is the Bay State. Massachusetts (officially, The Commonwealth of Massachusetts) is a state in the New England region of the United States of America. Worcester Tornadoes. Brockton Rox. North Shore Spirit. Lowell Spinners. Minor League Baseball
Major League Soccer
Lowell Lock Monsters. Worcester IceCats. American Hockey League
National Hockey League
Major League Baseball
Protestant – 27%. Roman Catholic – 54%. 2.3% Mixed race. 0.2% American Indian. 3.8% Asian. 5.4% Black. 6.8% Hispanic. 81.9% White. Dubois. W.E.B. Paul Revere. Kerry, 2004 Democratic presidential candidate. John F. Kennedy, 35th President of the US. John F. Kennedy. Edward M. James Michael Curley, United States House of Representatives, Governor of Massachusetts, Mayor of Boston. Oliver Wendell Holmes, justice of the Supreme Court. John Hancock. Benjamin Franklin. Michael Dukakis, former governor and 1988 Democratic presidential candidate. Calvin Coolidge, 30th President of the US. Bush, 41st President of the US. W. George H. Anthony. Susan B. Samuel Adams. John Quincy Adams, 6th President of the US. John Adams, 2nd President of the US. |