General Motors

The first hydrogen pumps are being tested out at various Royal Dutch/Shell stations across Northern California. The Boeing employee community fund is the largest employee-owned and managed fund in the world. See hydrogen economy. The Boeing company culture has long had a tradition of strong community support. The energy to split hydrogen from water must come from some other source: oil, coal, nuclear, wind, solar, etc. The two largest divisions are Boeing Commercial Airplanes and the Integrated Defense Systems group. However hydrogen is not a source of energy, but a storage and transmission medium. The company debuted the product to journalists in 2005, receiving generally favorable reviews.

Hydrogen can be obtained by splitting water molecules and it produces no harmfull emissions, merely water vapour. Realizing that increasing numbers of passengers have become reliant on their computers to stay in touch, Boeing is offering Connexion by Boeing, an Internet connectivity service that promises air travelers unprecedented access to the World Wide Web. Their first hydrogen vehicles are slated to be released by 2010. The 777-200 Worldliner embarked on a well-received global demonstration tour in the second half of 2005, showing off its capacity to fly farther than any other commercial aircraft. They plan to slowly convert the infrastructure from an oil based one to a oil-hydrogen based to a purely hydrogen based. The 737-900 is the latest version of the venerable craft offered by Boeing and is significantly larger than previous versions. General Motors has recently recovered from their losses suffered from their proposed battery technology and has invested over US$1.1 billion dollars into developing and researching hydrogen fuel cells. Boeing's most successful new aircraft measured by recent orders remained the 737, for which it received orders totaling 387 new units in 2005 as reported on August 7.

GM and DaimlerChrysler Joined Forces to Develop the two mode Full Hybrid Propulsion System. Boeing has not officially announced that it will commence production of the 747 Advanced. The two-mode system offers better fuel economy and towing ability than the one-mode system found in Toyota, Ford and Honda vehicles. The 747 would incorporate new engines and other design advancements associated with the 787. Starting with the 2007 model year Chevrolet Tahoe GM will introduce a two-mode Hybrid system. Boeing was also believed to have received strong expressions of interest for its 747 Advanced, a stretched version of its 747-400. Toyota and Honda have also introduced gasoline/electric or diesel/electric hybrid vehicles into their product mix whereas, as of July of 2005, General Motors has not. Although Boeing lost to Airbus in total orders at a recent Paris airshow, it continued to impress analysts with orders for its 787 Dreamliner, which outnumber those for Airbus's revamped A350, and an overall rebound in orders that promised to allow Boeing to outproduce Airbus in the near future.

plants. Expectations for the year 2005 ran high for Boeing. plants than General Motors does at its U.S. Customers rumored to be interested include Lufthansa, EVA Airways, ILFC, GECAS and Emirates. These companies have a significantly lower compensation cost per employee at their U.S. The freighter will be based on the 777-200LR. General Motors competes with foreign automobile companies such as Toyota, Honda and Nissan, all of which have non-union automobile production plants in the United States. In November 2004, Boeing announced it will offer a cargo version of the popular 777 model.

Green Party of Canada leader Jim Harris (politician) was quoted in an article in the Montreal Gazette in claimed that "high oil prices have led consumers to demand more fuel-efficient cars, which also claimed that "Ford and General Motors's core profitability comes from gas-guzzling SUVs and trucks," and that accordingly their problems could be blamed on a failure to build hybrid vehicles. Several orders for the Wedgetail AEW&C aircraft are expected as well. While the company pleaded its high health care costs, amounting to US$1500 per vehicle on average (a veiled excuse to move jobs to Canada where health insurance is public), others blamed the product line. Boeing also received the launch contract from the US Navy for the Multimission Maritime Aircraft, an anti-submarine warfare patrol aircraft. Explanations were not long in coming. Currently, the 787 orderbook stands at over 250 airframes with orders from Northwest Airlines, Continental Airlines, Japan Airlines, Icelandair and a conglomeration of Chinese carriers. The anger was obvious at the shareholder meeting. Finally, Boeing achieved several consecutive successes, beginning with the formal launch of the 787 for delivery to All Nippon Airways and Air New Zealand.

GM officials cited profitability of their Oshawa, Ontario plant in refusing to distribute the job losses. Airbus has also retaliated against Boeing, reopening the dispute and also accusing Boeing of receiving subsidies from the US government. For the first time ever in 2004, the total number of cars produced by all makers in Ontario exceeded those produced in Michigan. However, in June 2005, Boeing and the United States government reopened the trade dispute with the WTO, claiming that Airbus had received illegal subsidies from European governments. It did not announce any job cuts in Canada:. In January 11, the two parties (Boeing and Airbus) agreed that they would attempt to find a solution to the dispute outside of the WTO. It announced plans to cut 25,000 jobs in the United States. also complained that the investment subsidies from Japanese airlines violated the accord.

Its debt was downgraded to junk bond status. Moreover, the E.U. In April 2005, General Motors posted a US$1.1-billion loss, for the first quarter of that year. Government. to expand their Canadian auto production, provide jobs and contribute to the economy", according to Jim Harris (politician). Airbus retaliated by filing another complaint, contesting that Boeing had also violated the accord when it received tax breaks from the U.S. In March 2005, the Government of Canada "gave C$200 million to General Motors for its Ontario plants, and last fall it awarded C$100 million to Ford Motor Co. In October 2004, Boeing filed a complaint at the World Trade Organization, claiming that Airbus had violated a 1992 bilateral accord when it received what Boeing deems as "unfair" subsidies from the European Union.

It has the highest health care and labour costs in the industry, and some analysts have criticized the company for this. Furthermore, the company was forbidden to bid for rocket contracts for a 20 month period which expired in March 2005. General Motors was named one of the 100 Best Companies for Working Mothers in 2004 by Working Mothers magazine. In July 2003 Boeing was penalized, with the Pentagon stripping $1 billion worth of contracts away from the company and awarding them to Lockheed. (KKR) in August 2004. Lockheed argued that these documents allowed Boeing to win 21 of the 28 tendered military satellite launches. Newscorp sold PanAmSat to Kohlberg Kravis Roberts & Co. Lockheed alleged that a former employee; Kenneth Branch, who went to work for McDonnell Douglas and Boeing, passed 25,000 proprietary documents to his new employers.

In 2000 the remaining parts of Hughes Electronics: DirecTV, DirecTV Latin America, PanAmSat and Hughes Network Systems were purchased by NewsCorp and renamed The DirecTV Group. In June 2003 Lockheed Martin sued Boeing alleging the company had resorted to industrial espionage in 1998 to win the Evolved Expendable Launch Vehicle (EELV) competition. Hughes Space and Communications remained independent until 2000, when it was purchased by Boeing and became Boeing Satellite Systems. Bell served as interim CEO (in addition to his normal duties as Boeing's CFO) until the appointment of Jim McNerney as the new Chairman, President, and CEO on June 30, 2005. Late in the year the defense operations of Hughes Electronics (Hughes Aircraft and missile business) were merged with Raytheon. Boeing said an internal investigation revealed a "consensual" relationship between Stonecipher and a female executive that “violated the company's Code of Conduct” and "would impair his ability to lead the company." James A. In 1997 GM transferred Delco Electronics to its Delphi Automotive Systems business. In March 2005 the Boeing board forced President and CEO Harry Stonecipher to resign.

In 1996 Hughes Electronics and PanAmSat agree to merge their fixed satellite services into a new publicly held company, also called PanAmSat with GM Hughes Electronics as majority shareholder. In October 2004 she was sentenced to nine months in jail for corruption, fined $5,000, given three years of supervised release and 150 hours of community service. Also in 1995 the group purchased Magnavox Electronic Systems from the Carlyle Group. Druyun pleaded guilty to inflating the price of the contract to favor her future employer and to passing information on the competing Airbus A330 MRTT bid (from EADS). In 1995 Hughes Electronic's Hughes Space and Communications division became the largest supplier of commercial satellites. Harry Stonecipher, former McDonnell Douglas CEO, replaced Condit. In 1994 Hughes Electronics introduced DirecTV, the world's first high-powered direct broadcast satellite service. Sears.

In August 1992 GM Hughes Electronics purchased General Dynamics' Missile Systems business. Condit and the termination of CFO Michael M. The group then consisted of:. The fallout of this resulted in the resignation of Boeing CEO Philip M. General Motors merged Hughes Aircraft with its Delco Electronics unit to form GM Hughes Electronics (GMHE). In December 2003 the Pentagon announced the project was to be frozen while allegations of corruption by one if its former procurement staffers, Darleen Druyun (who had moved to Boeing in January) was investigated. Hughes Electronics was formed in 1985 when Hughes Aircraft was sold by the Howard Hughes Medical Institute to General Motors for US$5 billion. In September 2003, responding to critics who argued that the lease was vastly more expensive than an outright purchase, the DOD announced a revised lease of 74 aircraft and purchase of 26.

. The 10 year lease would give the USAF the option to purchase the aircraft at the end of the contract. sold is Electro-Motive Division to Greenbriar Equity Group LLC and Berkshire Partners. In May 2003 the US Air Force announced it would lease 100 KC-767 tankers to replace the oldest 136 of its KC-135s. On April 4, 2005 General Motors Corp. On August 2, 2005 Boeing sold its Rocketdyne rocket engine division to Pratt & Whitney. See below under financial woes.. The X-32 may have been hampered by the requirement for a redesign after several flaws were found in the original concept.

In May 2005, Standard & Poor's downgraded GM's credit rating to junk bond status. Boeing's competitor was the X-32, which lost out to Lockheed's F-35 entrant. When he was asked, during the hearings before the Senate Armed Services Committee if as secretary of defense he could make a decision adverse to the interests of General Motors, Wilson answered affirmatively but added that he could not conceive of such a situation "because for years I thought what was good for the country was good for General Motors and vice versa." Later this statement was often garbled when quoted, suggesting that Wilson had said simply, "What's good for General Motors is good for the country." At the time, GM was the one of the largest employers in the world – only Soviet state industries employed more people. On October 10, 2001, against fierce competition for the contract to the JSF, Boeing lost to rival Lockheed Martin in the multi-billion dollar contract. In 1953 Charles Erwin Wilson, then GM president, was named by Eisenhower as Secretary of Defense. Hopes are now focused on the newly-launched 787 as a platform of total fleet rejuvenation. At one point it was the largest corporation in the United States ever, in terms of its revenues as a percent of GDP. It responded by running a huge advertising campaign to promote its new motto, "Forever New Frontiers," and rehabilitate its image.

A strike began at the General Motors parts factory in Flint, Michigan on June 5, 1998, that quickly spread to five other assembly plants and lasted seven weeks. After several decades of numerous successes, Boeing lost ground to Europe's Airbus and subsequently lost its leadership of the market in 2003. Smith, in his first big hit, Roger & Me. The aircraft was informally announced at the 2005 Paris Airshow. After GM's massive layoffs hit Flint, Michigan, in the 1980s, budding documentary filmmaker and Flint native Michael Moore focused on the company and its chairman and CEO at the time, Roger B. Boeing also plans to a '747 Advanced' that will compete more closely with the Airbus A380. On December 31, 1955, General Motors became the first American corporation to make over one billion dollars in a year. However, if Boeing manages to win the contract for new USAF tankers, the 767 program might be saved.

Over the next twenty years diesel-powered locomotives and trains, the majority built by GM, largely replaced other forms of traction on American railroads. Boeing also soon canceled the production of 717 due to slow sales, and the 767 is likely to cease production soon. General Motors bought the internal combustion engined railcar builder Electro-Motive Corporation and its engine supplier Winton Engine in 1930, renaming both as the General Motors Electro-Motive Division. More advanced versions of the 737 were beginning to compete against the older design. See General Motors streetcar conspiracy for additional details.. In 2004, Boeing canceled production of the 757 after more than a thousand were produced, with the last airplane going to Shanghai Airlines, in China. GM formed United Cities Motor Transit, in 1932. The 777-200LR has already entered flight-testing, with the first aircraft due to be delivered to Pakistan International Airlines in 2006.

During the 1920s and 1930s General Motors bought out the bus company Yellow Coach, helped create Greyhound bus lines, replaced intercity train transport with buses, and established subsidiary companies to buy out streetcar companies and replace the rail-based services with buses. The Boeing 777-200LR will have the longest range of any commercial aircraft, and will be the first airliner to able to fly halfway across the planet with a commercially viable payload. The next year, Durant brought in Cadillac, Elmore, and Oakland. The Boeing 787 was formerly known as the Boeing 7E7, but the designation has since been changed. Durant, and acquired Oldsmobile later that year. Currently, Boeing is planning to introduce two new aircraft, the 787 "Dreamliner", and the ultra-long-range 777-200LR. General Motors was founded in 1908 as a holding company for Buick, then controlled by William C. The 747 is also being cannibalized by healthy sales of Boeing's own competitor, the 777-300 Series.

. the A320 has been selected by two low-cost operators (the aircraft used by these airlines has traditionally been the 737) and the very large aircraft market, the A380 has won every major order over the 747 since its launch. Smith, Jr. Indeed Airbus is now competing in markets that Boeing once had a monopoly over, e.g. The current chairman (since May 1, 2003) and chief executive officer (since June 1, 2000) is Rick Wagoner, succeeding John F. From the 1970s Airbus has increased its family of aircraft to the point where they can now offer an aircraft in every class Boeing does. GM owned Frigidaire from 1918 to 1979. In recent years Boeing has faced an increasingly competitive Airbus, which offers commonality between models and the latest fly-by-wire technology.

They also owned Electronic Data Systems from 1984 to 1996 and, prior to selling it to News Corporation, DirecTV. and the production of the MD-11 was stopped. In 2002, GM sold 15 percent of all cars and trucks in the world. Following the merger between Boeing and McDonnell Douglas, the McDonnell Douglas MD-95 was renamed the Boeing 717. In 2001, GM sold 8.5 million vehicles through all its branches. One year later, Boeing merged with McDonnell Douglas Corp. General Motors is the world's largest vehicle manufacturer and employs over 340,000 people. The Rockwell products became a subsidiary of Boeing, named Boeing North American, Inc.

GM's headquarters are in the Renaissance Center in Detroit, Michigan. In 1996, Boeing merged with Rockwell International Corp.’s aerospace and defense units. In December 2003, it acquired Delta in South Africa, in which it had taken a 45 percent stake in 1997, and which is now a fully-owned subsidiary, General Motors South Africa. The "Next-Generation 737" includes the 737-600, the 737-700, the 737-800, and the 737-900. GM also has stakes in Isuzu, Subaru, and Suzuki in Japan and a joint venture with AutoVAZ (Lada) in Russia. Also in the mid-1990s, the company developed the revamped version of the B737, known as the "Next-Generation 737." It has since become the fastest-selling version of the B737 in history. Other brands include ACDelco, Allison Transmission, and General Motors Electro-Motive Division that produces diesel-electric locomotives. by using CAD techniques.

Chevrolet and GMC divisions produce trucks, as well as passenger vehicles. This aircraft, affectionately known as the "triple seven," reached an important milestone by being the first airliner to be designed "entirely by computer," i.e. General Motors Corporation NYSE: GM, also known as GM, is a United States-based automobile maker with worldwide operations and brands including Buick, Cadillac, Chevrolet, Daewoo, GMC, Holden, Hummer, Opel, Pontiac, Saturn, Saab, and Vauxhall. The longest range twin in the world, the B777 is certified to fly routes over oceans and deserted zones (see ETOPS), and is being sold very successfully. GM Acceptance Corp. In 1994, Boeing introduced its most modern commercial jet aircraft, the twin-engine B777, with a seating capacity of 390 passengers, in between the B767 and the B747. EPA 2004 fuel economy report (General Motors). During these years, Boeing was very active upgrading existing military equipment and developing new ones.

GM vehicles by brand. At the same time, several military projects went into production, like the RAH-66 Comanche helicopter, the Avenger air defense system and a new generation of short-range missiles. List of GM VIN codes. Boeing participated also with other products in the space program, and was the first contractor for the International Space Station. List of GM engines. An important project of these years was the Space Shuttle, to which Boeing contributed with its experience in space rockets acquired during the Apollo era, in which the company also participated. List of GM platforms. Boeing had to offer new aircraft, and developed the single-aisle B757, the larger, twin-aisle B767, and upgraded versions of the B737.

General Motors streetcar conspiracy. As passenger air traffic increased, competition was harder, mainly from a European newcomer in commercial airliner manufacturing, Airbus. Hughes Network Systems. During the following years, commercial aircraft and their military versions became the basic equipment of airlines and air forces. Hughes Space and Communications. Boeing assembled its 1,000th B737 passenger airliner. Delco Electronics. In 1983, the economic situation began to improve.

Hughes Aircraft. Larger versions have also been developed by stretching the upper deck. The B747 has undergone continuous improvements to keep it technologically up-to-date. (Airbus now offers the A380, which when delivered will be the largest operational airliner). Until 2001, Boeing had been the only aircraft manufacturer to offer such an airliner and has delivered near to 1,400 units.

This famous aircraft changed completely the way of flying, with its 450-passenger seating capacity and its upper deck. In 1970 the first B747, a four-engine long-range airliner, finally entered service. The company had to reduce the number of employees from over 80,000 to almost half, only in the Seattle area. Congress decided to stop the financial support for the development of the supersonic 2707, Boeing's answer to the British-French Concorde, forcing the company to discontinue the project.

Another problem was that, in 1971, the U.S. Boeing's bet for the future, the new B747 Jumbo Jet was delayed in production and originated much higher costs than forecasted. At that time, however, there was a heavy recession in the airlines industry so that Boeing did not receive one single order during more than one year. Once more, Boeing hoped to compensate sales with its commercial airliners.

The Apollo program in which Boeing had participated significantly during the preceding decade was almost entirely cancelled. In the beginning of the 1970s Boeing faced a new crisis. The aircraft made its first flight a year later, and its first commercial flight occurs in 1970. The roll-out ceremonies for the first 747-100 took place in 1968, at the massive new factory in Everett.

Several versions have been developed, mainly to increase seating capacity and range. The B737 is still being produced, and continuous improvements are made. It has become since then the best-selling commercial jet aircraft in aviation history. In 1967, Boeing introduced another short- and medium-range airliner, the twin-engine B737.

In 1964, Vertol also began production of the CH-46 Sea Knight. This heavy-lift helicopter remains a work-horse vehicle up to the present day. The twin-rotor CH-47 Chinook, produced by Vertol, took its first flight in 1961. The Piasecki Helicopter company was acquired by Boeing in 1960, and this became Boeing Vertol.

Although production was discontinued in 1984, at the turn of the millennium nearly 1,300 B727s were still in service at airlines around the world. The B727 was immediately well accepted as a comfortable and reliable aircraft by passengers, crews, and airlines. A few years later, Boeing introduced the B727, another commercial jet airliner of similar size, which had however three engines and was designed for medium-range routes. A few years later, Boeing added a second version of this aircraft, the B720.

With the B707, a four-engine, 156-passenger airliner, the US became leaders in commercial jet manufacture. In 1958, Boeing began delivery of its B707, the United States' first commercial jet airliner, in response to the British De Havilland Comet and the French Sud Caravelle, the world's first commercial jet aircraft. At that time the Cold War had become a fact to live with, and Boeing used its short-range missile technology to develop and build also an intercontinental missile. One of the first was the guided short-range missile used to intercept enemy aircraft.

In the mid-1950s technology had advanced very significantly, which gave Boeing the possibility to develop and manufacture totally new products. The company successfully sold military aircraft adapted for troop transportation and for aerial refueling. However, sales of this model were not as expected and Boeing had to seek other opportunities to overcome the situation. The company aimed to recover quickly by selling its Stratocruiser, a luxurious four-engine commercial airliner developed from a military aircraft.

After the war, most orders of bombers were canceled and 70,000 people lost their jobs at Boeing. Martin Co. and by Glenn L. and Douglas Aircraft Co., while the B-29 was assembled also by Bell Aircraft Co.

The Boeing-designed B-17 bomber was assembled also by Lockheed Aircraft Corp. During these years of war the leading aircraft companies of the US cooperated. To prevent an attack from the air, the plants had been covered with greenery and farmland items. In the beginning of March 1944, production had been scaled up in such a manner that over 350 planes were built each month.

Many of the workers were women whose spouses had gone to war. During World War II, Boeing built a huge number of bombers. — above most weather disturbances. This was the world's first pressurized-cabin transport aircraft, and it was capable of cruising at an altitude of 20,000 feet.

In 1938, Boeing completed work on the Model 307 Stratoliner. Subsequently other routes were opened, so that soon Pan American flew with the Boeing 314 to destinations all over the world. One year later, the first regular passenger service from the US to the UK was inaugurated. It was the largest civil aircraft of its time, with a capacity of 90 passengers on day flights, and of 40 passengers on night flights.

The first flight of the Boeing 314 Clipper was in June 1938. Shortly after, an agreement with Pan American World Airways was reached, to develop and build a commercial flying-boat able to carry passengers on transoceanic routes. Bill Boeing sold his shares, as a result. The Air Mail Act of 1934 prohibited airlines and manufacturers from being under the same corporate umbrella, so the company split into three smaller companies - Boeing Airplane Company, United Airlines, and United Aircraft Corporation, the precursor to United Technologies.

United Aircraft then purchased National Air Transport in 1930. in 1929 and acquired Pratt & Whitney, Hamilton Standard Propeller Company, and Chance Vought. The company changed its name to United Aircraft - Transport Corp. A year later, BAT, as well as Pacific Air Transport and Boeing Airplane Company merge into a single corporation.

In 1927, Boeing created an airline, named Boeing Air Transport (BAT). There he also acquired knowledge about wooden structures which was later revealed to be of value for the design and assembly of airplanes. Boeing had studied at Yale University and worked initially in the timber industry, where he became a rich man. Soon the name was changed to "Pacific Aero Products" and, in 1917, the company became the "Boeing Airplane Company." William E.

Navy engineer, and was named "B&W" after their initials. Boeing on July 15, 1916, together with George Conrad Westervelt, a U.S. The company was founded in Seattle by William E. .

(A full list of subsidiaries is included below.). Boeing's two principal divisions are Boeing Integrated Defense Systems (IDS), responsible for military and space products, and Boeing Commercial Airplanes (BCA), responsible for civil airliners. Boeing's stock is a component of the Dow Jones Industrial Average. It is also the second-largest defense contractor in the world [1], and the second-largest civil aircraft manufacturer after Airbus.

The Boeing Company NYSE: BA is the leading American aircraft and aerospace manufacturer, headquartered in Chicago, Illinois, with its largest production facilities in Everett, Washington, near Seattle, Washington. Preston Aviation Solutions. Boeing Connexion. Boeing Travel Management Company.

Boeing Shared Services Group. Boeing Realty. Sea Launch (40%). Boeing Satellite Systems.

United Space Alliance (with Lockheed Martin). United Launch Alliance (with Lockheed Martin). Phantom Works. Boeing Integrated Defense Systems