Ferdinand Magellan

The men among Magellan's expedition were also the first Europeans to observe the following:. Sheffield remains a great hitter with an on base and slugging high numbers, even to this day. Magellan's expedition was the first to circumnavigate the globe and the first to navigate the strait in South America connecting the Atlantic and Pacific oceans. His bat speed, cited among the best in the American League, allows him to make contact with almost any pitch and keeps his strikeouts low; however, it also makes it nearly impossible for him to check his swing, due to the momentum of his bat. Four crewmen of the original 55 on the Trinidad finally returned to Spain in 1525. Sheffield's immense strength allows him to induce a lot of torque on the bat, producing a unique swing that nonetheless drives the ball far upon contact. The expedition actually eked out a small profit, but the crew were not paid their full wages. A free agent before the 2004 season, he signed with the New York Yankees.

On September 6, 1522, Juan Sebastián de Elcano and the remaining crew of Magellan's voyage and the last ship of the fleet, Victoria, arrived in Spain, almost exactly three years after leaving. Sheffield also stole his 200th bag on September 6th of that year off the Pittsburgh Pirates and made his seventh All-Star team appearance as a starting outfielder. Twenty crewmen died of starvation before Elcano put in to the Cape Verde Islands, a Portuguese holding, where he abandoned 13 more crewmen July 9 in fear of losing his cargo of 26 tons of spices (cloves and cinnamon). He smashed 39 home runs and drove in 132 runs, breaking the Atlanta record of 127 set by Hank Aaron. By May 6, 1522, the Victoria, commanded by Juan Sebastián Elcano, rounded the Cape of Good Hope, with only rice for rations. After an injury plagued season, in 2003 Sheffield resumed his place as one of the most feared hitters in baseball. The Victoria set sail via the Indian Ocean route home on December 21, 1521. Sheffield missed ten of his last twelve games because of a sprained left thumb.

This attempt failed; the ship was captured by the Portuguese, and was eventually wrecked in a storm while at anchor under Portuguese control. But his hits again were clutch, with 23 game-winning RBI for the Braves. Several weeks later, Trinidad left the Moluccas to attempt to return to Spain via the Pacific route. However, Sheffield had a sub-par season by his standards only hitting 25 home runs and driving in 84 runs. As a result, Victoria with some of the crew sailed west for Spain. He reached base in 52 consecutive games, breaking Dale Murphy's Atlanta record of 48 games. The small Victoria was not large enough to accommodate all the surviving crewmembers. Sheffield spent his 2002 season with the Atlanta Braves.

They concluded that the Trinidad would need to spend considerable time being overhauled. His 17 outfield assists ranked second in the NL. The crew tried to discover and repair the leak, but failed. Again, his deft fieldwork paid off. As they left the Moluccas, however, Trinidad was found to be taking on water. He hit his 300th career home run in July 21. The two remaining ships, laden with valuable spices, attempted to return to Spain by sailing west. He also supplied the only scoring by homering in April 2, against the Brewers, and in May 7, against Florida.

They managed to trade with the Sultan of Tidore, a rival of the Sultan of Ternate, who was the ally of the Portuguese. On June 12, he became the first player in major league history to win three 1-0 games in a season with a home run, when he solos to beat the Braves, 1-0. After reaching the Moluccas (the Spice Islands) November 6, 1521, 115 crew were left. Twenty-three of his 36 homeruns gave the Dodgers the lead or tied the game, and he also extended his career seasons with twenty or more home runs to ten. Pigafetta mentions some of the technology of the court, such as porcelain (which was not yet widely available in Europe), and spectacles (eye-glasses were only just becoming available in Europe). He had 36 home runs and 100 RBI while hitting .311. Brunei disdained the cloves which were to prove more valuable than gold, upon the return to Spain. In 2001 Sheffield played with a painful sprained left index finger.

In addition, Brunei boasted tame elephants and armament of 62 cannon, more than 5 times the armament of Magellan's ships. For one month from June 10 to July 13, he hit .500. They anchored off the Brunei breakwater for 35 days, where the Venetian Pigafetta mentions the splendor of Rajah Siripada's court (gold, two pearls the size of hens' eggs, etc.). Sheffield reached base safely in 123 of 141 games, ending with a .438 on base percentage that ranked him third in the NL, and had the second best home run-hitting ratio (one-for-11.7 at bat). They left that island on June 21, 1521, and were guided to Brunei, Borneo by Moro pilots, who could navigate the shallow seas. He also set a team record by hitting his 41st home run, surpassing the old mark set by Mike Piazza. The fleet, now reduced to Trinidad and Victoria, fled westward to Palawan. He became the first Dodger to hit .300 with 30 homers, 100 RBI, 100 runs and 100 walks in consecutive seasons.

Accordingly, on May 2, 1521, they abandoned Concepcion, burning the ship to make sure it could not be used against them. 2000 was one of Sheffield's best offensive seasons ever. The casualties suffered in the Philippines left the expedition with too few men to sail the three remaining ships. He finished the season strong hitting home runs in four of his last six games. However, Antonio Pigafetta had been making notes about the language, and was apparently able to continue communications during the rest of the voyage. On August 22, Sheffield hit his career sixth grand slam off reliever Steve Montgomery. Enrique escaped his indenture on May 1, with the aid of Rajah Humabon, amid the deaths of almost 30 crewmen. He finished with a team-high 101 walks and a .407 on base percentage.

However, after Mactan, the remaining ship's masters refused to free Enrique. In his first full season with the Dodgers in 1999, Sheffield batted .304 with 34 home runs and 101 RBI and again was selected to the All-Star Game. Enrique was indentured by Magellan during his earlier voyages to Malacca, and was at his side during the battles in Africa, during Magellan's disgrace at the King's court in Portugal, and during Magellan's successful raising of a fleet. He also wiped twenty bags, making this the first time he had reached the 20/20 plateau, and struck out only once for every 11.9 at bats. Thus Enrique became the first man to circumnavigate the globe (in multiple voyages). He played in a combined 130 games with Florida and the Dodgers during that season, batting .302 with 22 home runs and 85 RBI, despite missing the last 25 games after suffering a severely sprained left ankle. His interpreter, who was baptized Enrique (Henry) in Malacca 1511, had been captured by Sumatran slavers from his home islands. In 1998 Sheffield was traded to the Los Angeles Dodgers.

Magellan had provided in his will that his Malay interpreter was to be freed upon his death. He also hit 21 home runs with 71 RBI and collected his 1000th career hit off Alan Benes. Antonio Pigafetta, a wealthy tourist who paid to be on the Magellan voyage, provided the only extant eyewitness account of the events culminating in Magellan's death, as follows:. He had 14 outfield assists, which ranked third in the league. Magellan was killed in the Battle of Mactan, against indigenous forces led by Lapu-Lapu, on April 27, 1521. Sheffield wasn't only a great hitter but a deft fielder. The initial peace with the Philippine natives proved misleading. The following season, Sheffield led the 1997 World Champions Marlins with a .424 on base percentage and 121 walks.

Rajah Humabon of Cebu was friendly to them, and even agreed to accept Christianity. He also broke ten of the Marlin's individual club records and made his third All-Star berth. They traded gifts with Rajah Kolambu of Limasawa, who guided them to Cebu, on April 7. This was his first full year without going on the DL. Magellan was able to communicate with the native peoples because his Malay interpreter could understand their language. Sheffield had his career-best numbers in 1996, after hit 42 home runs with 120 RBI, 118 runs, 163 hits, and 142 walks in 161 games. On 6 March, they reached the Marianas and on 16 March, the island of Homonhon in the Philippines, with 150 crewmen left. Still he ranked third on the team with 19 stolen bases and third with 55 walks.

Heading northwest, the crew reached the equator on 13 February 1521. A torn ligament in his left thumb limited him to only 63 games. Magellan named the waters the Mar Pacifico (Pacific Ocean) because of its apparent stillness. Injury plagued him again in the 1995 season with the Marlins. On November 28, the three remaining ships entered the South Pacific. At the time of his injury Sheffield had a career high .584 slugging percentage; ninth in the league. Magellan first assigned Concepcion and San Antonio to explore the strait, but the latter, commanded by Gomez, deserted and returned to Spain. His shoulder bothered him again, and he spent two stints on the disabled list with a bruised rotator cuff and an irritated labrum in his left shoulder.

Now, the strait is named the Strait of Magellan. During the 1994 strike shortened season, Sheffield hit 27 home runs in only 87 games, breaking a Marlins season-record. Four ships began an arduous passage through the 373-mile long passage that Magellan called the Estreito (Canal) de Todos los Santos, or "All Saints' Channel," because All Saints' Day, 1 November, occurred while the fleet traveled through it. He had an average season driving in only 73 runs with 17 stolen bases, and his on base percentage was still in the mid to high 300s. At 52° South latitude on 21 October 1520, the fleet reached Cape Virgenes and concluded they had found the passage, because the waters were brine and deep inland. He made history as the first player from a first year expansion team to start an All-Star Game. After this experience, Magellan decided to wait for a few weeks more before again resuming the voyage. Sheffield began 1993 with the Padres but was traded to the Florida Marlins midseason.

Two of them returned, overland, to inform Magellan of what had happened, and bring rescue to their comrades. He was honored by The Sporting News with the Player of the Year and Comeback Player of the Year awards. All of its crewmembers survived and made it safely to shore. Sheffield led the league with a .330 average, and hit 33 home runs with 100 RBI and a .385 on base percentage. Santiago, sent down the coast on a scouting expedition, was wrecked in a sudden storm. He made a run at becoming the first National League Triple Crown winner since Joe Medwick in 1937. Magellan, behind schedule, was impatient to make up for lost time, and set out again while the weather still posed problems. Unhappy in Milwaukee, Sheffield was traded to the San Diego Padres before the 1992 season.

On 24 August the journey resumed. In 1991 he was limited to only 50 games because of lingering wrist and shoulder problems. Quesada and Mendoza were executed, and Cartagena and a priest were marooned on the coast. He also had a team high 25 stolen bases. It was unsuccessful, mainly because the crew remained loyal. He broke out in 1990 with the Milwaukee Brewers, batting .294 with 67 RBI. A mutiny involving three of the five ship captains broke out. He is one of the most feared right handed hitters in all of baseball, known for his pre-swing waggle and unmatched bat speed.

On 31 March the crew established a settlement that they called Puerto San Julian. Sheffield has posted high-caliber numbers wherever he's played. Magellan decided to spend the winter in Patagonia. . It was already late in the season, however, and the southern winter struck while they were still on the Argentinian coast. He bats and throws right handed. The fleet reached Río de la Plata on January 10, 1520. He has since played for the San Diego Padres, Florida Marlins, Los Angeles Dodgers, Atlanta Braves and the New York Yankees as a right fielder.

Afterwards, they continued to sail south along South America's east coast, looking for the strait that Magellan believed would lead to the Spice Islands. Sheffield was originally drafted by the Milwaukee Brewers as an infielder. There the fleet was resupplied, but these good conditions caused them to delay. He was born in Tampa, Florida, where he played on the same high school team as his uncle, Dwight Gooden. Since Brazil was Portuguese territory at the time, Magellan avoided it, and on December 13 anchored near present-day Rio de Janeiro, where the weather and the natives were generally friendly. Gary Antonian Sheffield (born November 18, 1968) is an American baseball player. On November 20, the equator was crossed; on December 6, the crew sighted Brazil. The Red Sox fan had his season ticket revoked, while Sheffield was not penalized by major league baseball.

Augustine in Brazil. Although most baseball commentators concluded that Sheffield had done nothing wrong, the incident drew headlines because of the melee in 2004 involving players and fans during a Pistons-Pacers NBA game. After a brief stop at the Canary Islands, Magellan arrived at the Cape Verde Islands, where they set course for Cape St. After he threw the ball, he appeared to consider entering the stands to confront the fan, before stadium security staff appeared. Upon hearing of his departure, King Manuel ordered a naval detachment to pursue him, but Magellan eluded the Portuguese. Sheffield pushed the fan back prior to throwing the ball into the infield. Spanish authorities were wary of the Portuguese admiral and almost prevented Magellan from sailing, but on September 20, Magellan set sail from Sanlúcar de Barrameda with 270 men. On April 14, 2005 at Fenway Park, while playing for the New York Yankees in a game against the Boston Red Sox, Sheffield was involved in an incident where a fan apparently struck him in the face while Sheffield was attempting to field a ball hit to the outfield.

On 10 August 1519, the fleet of five ships under Magellan's command left Seville and traveled south from the Guadalquivir River to San Lucar de Barrameda at the mouth of the rivers, where they remained more than five weeks. [1]. Trinidad was Magellan's flagship, and besides Faleiro the captains for the other four were Juan de Cartegena, Gomez, Gaspar de Quesada and Luis de Mendoza, respectively. However, he claimed that at the time he used the product, he did not know that it contained steroids. With the money that Magellan and Faleiro had received from the king, the pair obtained five ships: Trinidad (tonnage 110, crew 55), San Antonio (tonnage 120, crew 60), Concepcion (tonnage 90, crew 45), Victoria (tonnage 85, crew 42), and Santiago (tonnage 75, crew 32). Sheffield has recently been linked in media reports with the controversial Bay Area Laboratory Co-operative, and admitted to having used a BALCO product that contained a steroid. Magellan also took an oath of allegiance in the church of Santa María de la Victoria de Triana, giving money to the monks of the monastery so they would pray for his success. Led National League in batting average (1992).

Under the contract, Magellan and Faleiro, as joint captains-general, would receive one-twentieth of all profits and they and their heirs would gain the government of any lands discovered, with the title of Adelantados. 4-time Silver Slugger Award (1992, 1996, 2003-04). On 22 March 1518, King Charles approved Magellan's plan and granted him generous funds. 9-time All-Star (1992-93, 1996, 1998-2000, 2003-05). Ruy Faleiro, an astronomer and Portuguese exile, aided him in his planning, and he found an invaluable financial ally in Christopher de Haro, a member of a great Antwerp firm who had a grudge against the king of Portugal. New York Yankees (2004-present). He allegedly declared himself ready to sail southwards to 75° to realize his project. Atlanta Braves (2002-03).

He decided to pioneer this route to reach the Moluccas (Spice Islands), the key to the strategic and tremendously lucrative spice trade. Los Angeles Dodgers (1998-2001). Having brought the Portuguese cartographical knowledge to the Spanish court, Magellan pointed out that there would exist a passage from South America, which he thought to be the Rio de la Plata, to the Pacific Ocean, forming a large bay-like river delta. Florida Marlins (1993-98). Acquiring great influence in Seville, he gained the ear of Charles and the powerful Juan Rodriguez de Fonseca, bishop of Burgos and the persistent enemy of Christopher Columbus. San Diego Padres (1992-93). With the help of Juan de Aranda, one of the three chief officials of Seville's India House, and of other friends, especially Diogo Barbosa, a Portuguese and father of Duarte Barbosa, Magellan became naturalized as a Spaniard. Milwaukee Brewers (1988-91).

Magellan reached Seville, the main port of Spain, on 20 October 1517, and from there went to Valladolid to see the teenage king, Charles I (later Holy Roman Emperor Charles V). Magellan formally renounced his nationality and went to offer his services to the court of Spain, changing his name from "Fernão de Magalhães" to "Hernándo de Magallanes.". The King also told Magellan that he would have no further employment in his country's service after May 15, 1514. Several of the accusations were subsequently dropped, but Magellan fell into disfavor with King Manuel I, who refused to raise Magellan's pension.

He had also been involved in conflict with Almeida: after Magellan took a leave of the army without permission, Almeida gave a poor report on the sailor to the Portuguese court. Although wounded and the recipient of several medals, Magellan was accused of illegal trade with the Islamic Moors. In 1511, Magellan was sent to Morocco where he fought in the Battle of Azamor (August 28 and 29, 1513) and received a severe knee wound while fighting against the Moorish-Moroccan stronghold. However, after secretly sailing a ship east without permission, he lost his command and was forced to return to Portugal.

In 1510, Magellan was promoted to the rank of captain. Magellan next journeyed to the East Indies in 1506, taking part in expeditions to the Spice Islands. It was here that Magellan would also first experience battle: when a local king refused to pay tribute, Almeida's party attacked, conquering the Muslim city of Kilwa in present-day Tanzania. In 1505 he was sent to India to install Francisco de Almeida as a Portuguese viceroy there and establish military and naval bases along the way.

At age 20, Magellan first went to sea. In 1496, Magellan became a squire. Some speculate that he may even have been taught by Martin Behaim. Here, with his cousin Francisco Serrano, Magellan continued his education, becoming interested in geography and astronomy.

At 12, Magellan became a page to King John II and Queen Eleonora at the royal court at the capital of Lisbon, where his brother had gone two years before. Magellan's parents died when he was ten. The son of Pedro Rui de Magalhães, the mayor of the town, and Alda de Mesquita, Magellan had two siblings: his brother Diogo de Sousa, named after his grandmother, and his sister Isabel. Magellan was born in Sabrosa (near Vila Real, in the province of Trás-os-Montes of north Portugal) or in Porto.

. Eighteen members of his crew and one ship of the fleet did return to Spain in 1522, having circumnavigated the globe. Though Magellan is often credited with being the first to circle the globe, he himself died in the Philippines and never returned to Europe. He was the first to sail from Europe westwards to Asia, the first European to sail the Pacific Ocean, and the first to lead an expedition for the purpose of circumnavigating the globe.

Ferdinand Magellan (Spring 1480 – April 27, 1521; Portuguese: Fernão de Magalhães; Spanish: Fernando or Hernando de Magallanes) was a Portuguese sea explorer who sailed for Spain. Richard Humble, The Voyage of Magellan, (1988) Franklin Watts, ISBN 0-531-10638-1. W.D.Brownlee, The First Ships around the World, (1977) Lerner Publications Co., Minneapolis ISBN 0-8225-1204-1. For student readers