FairyA fairy is a spirit (supernatural being) found in the legends, folklore, and mythology of many cultures. They are generally humanoid in form, though of a higher, spiritual nature and so possessed of preternatural abilities, along with such mystical qualities as otherworldly beauty and grace, an ethereal glow, wings, or the like. They are also regarded as aloof, ephemeral, mercurial, and whimsical, among other qualities that place them outside of a human scope and have a tendency to make them associated or confused with other mythological creatures. EtymologyThe words fae and faerie came to English from French and, ultimately, Latin or more further from Persia (the word Pari). An interesting correlation is the word "fey," which may be derived ultimately from the same Latin root and is now returning to mean the same as "fae." The Latin root fata, meaning fate in the sense of one of the Parcae, is an indication that fays have abilities associated with knowledge (foresight) and manipulation (luck, blessing, cursing) of fate, both of which are qualities of faeries in myth. Fata influenced modern Italian's fata and Spanish's hada, both of which mean fairy, and the Old French fée, which gained the meaning "enchanter." By adding the ending -rie, we get féerie, meaning a "state of fée" or "enchantment." This also befits the fae, who are known for casting illusions and altering emotions, particularly so as to make themselves alluring, frightening, or unseen. Modern English inherited the two terms "fae" and "fairy," along with all the associations attached to them. Since the subjects of the words are somewhat alien and ethereal, the terms are often used interchangeably and are more prone to spelling alterations than other words. Another word, "fey," has historically meant "doomed to die," mostly in Scotland. However, it gained the meaning "touched by otherworldly or magical quality; clairvoyant, supernatural." In modern English, the word seems to be conjoining into "fae" as variant spelling. If "fey" derives from "fata," which seems as like as "fairy" deriving from "fata," then the word history of the two words is itself fae.1 There is, however, a slight distinction between the two words "fae" and "faerie." Properly, "fae" is a noun referring to a specific race of otherworldly beings exercising mystical abilities (either the elves [or equivalent thereof] in mythology or their insect-winged, floral descendents in English folklore), while "faerie" is an adjective meaning "of, like, or associated with fays, their otherworldly home, their activities, and their produced goods and effects." Thus, a leprechaun and a ring of mushrooms are both faerie things (a fairy leprechaun and a fairy ring.) NatureFairies of the meadow, by Nils BlommérThe question of a faerie "nature" has been the topic of many a myth or scholarly paper for a very long time. This is partially due to the fact that, by being supernatural and chaotic entities, they are difficult to pin down as being anything in particular and partially due to the fact that humans have yet to answer completely what constitutes the racial ethos of humanity. Consequently, faerie runs amok with creatures that are completely unrelated save that they are mythologic in origin. There is a central archetypal figure behind most of the stories described as a tall, delicate, radiant being of humanoid aspect. Such beings are most often called "the shining ones." However, the mercurial and inherently magical nature of fairies has led to their association and confusion with most other mythical creatures. Dwarves, giants, dragons, unicorns, and the like have at some point been made out to be faeries, if not faye themselves. Fairies in literatureWilliam Shakespeare's play A Midsummer Night's Dream deals extensively with the subject of fairy-folk and their interaction with a group of amateur theatrical players. This work details the spell cast by the mischievous fairy Puck (at the behest of the fairy-king Oberon) on Oberon's wife Titania, who falls in love with the first mortal she casts eyes upon, the unfortunate Bottom, whom Puck has transmogrified into having a donkey's head. William S. Gilbert liked fairies and wrote several plays about them. The best is the Gilbert and Sullivan operetta Iolanthe which deals with a conflict between fairies and the House of Lords and, among other issues, touches on some of the practical consequences of fairy/human marriages and cross-breeding in a humorous manner. In his Fairy Folk Tales of Ireland (1892), W. B. Yeats coined the expression "trooping fairies" to refer to those fairies who liked to travel together in groups, related to the sidhe, Christianised remnants of the Tuatha Dé Danann. This is in contrast to the solitary fairies, such as the banshee, leprechaun, or pooka. Typically Yeats's trooping fairies are compared to the elves of English lore. Fairies figure prominently in most of Neil Gaiman's works, primarily The Books of Magic, Stardust, and Sandman. Tad Williams's book War of the Flowers deals extensively with passing over into a modern realm of fairies. Isaac Asimov includes a short story about fairies in his collection of fantasy tales, Magic. Fairies are imagined to be sentient insectoids, and the lepidoptera forms the ones most often associated with the term, though the protagonist fairy is of the beetle line! George MacDonald's book Phantastes. Raymond E. Feist's book, Faerie Tale, is about a small family in modern age meeting up with some of the darker aspects of fairies, as well as the Fairie Realm itself. The Susanna Clarke novel Jonathan Strange & Mr Norrell is about a pair of rival magicians who make use of and are subsequently used by "the gentleman with the thistle-down hair" also known as the fairy king of "Lost-Hope". In the earlier versions of Tolkien's Middle Earth, the creatures later known as Elves were called Fairies. In the Artemis Fowl series, by Eoin Colfer, Fairies are highly technologically advanced, peaceful beings who live underground in Haven City and Atlantis City, unbeknownst to humans. There are many species, including elfs, dwarfs, sprites, trolls, pixies, goblins and gremlins. The Revenge of the Shadow King, by Derek Benz and J.S. Lewis, discusses the history of the faerie kingdom, its rulers Oberon and Titania, and the disastrous results of their world colliding with that of our own. Fairies in visual artsArtists such as Brian Froud, Alan Lee, Myrea Pettit, Ida Rentoul Outhwaite, Cicely Mary Barker, Amy Brown and Peg Maltby have all created beautiful illustrations of fairies. Conversely, the Victorian painter Richard Dadd was responsible for some paintings of fairy-folk with an altogether more sinister and malign nature. Another notable Victorian painter of fairies was the artist and illustrator Arthur Rackham. Interest in fairy themed art in Britain enjoyed a brief renaissance following the Cottingley fairies photographs, and a number of artists turned to painting fairy themes.
Fairies in modern popular cultureKylie Minogue in Moulin Rouge!
In DebatesA fairly common practice in debate (especially concerning the supernatural) is to state that the opponent's views are akin to believing in fairies etc. This page about Fairy includes information from a Wikipedia article. Additional articles about Fairy News stories about Fairy External links for Fairy Videos for Fairy Wikis about Fairy Discussion Groups about Fairy Blogs about Fairy Images of Fairy |
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A fairly common practice in debate (especially concerning the supernatural) is to state that the opponent's views are akin to believing in fairies etc. Artists such as Brian Froud, Alan Lee, Myrea Pettit, Ida Rentoul Outhwaite, Cicely Mary Barker, Amy Brown and Peg Maltby have all created beautiful illustrations of fairies. These included a new grille, new interior, and factory installed trailer brake controller and uplitter switches. Lewis, discusses the history of the faerie kingdom, its rulers Oberon and Titania, and the disastrous results of their world colliding with that of our own. For 2005 the "Super Duty" model was redesigned. The Revenge of the Shadow King, by Derek Benz and J.S. The F-150 will have a new Harley-Davidson trim line in 2006 with an available all-wheel drive, while the Super Duty will have an available Amarillo package or the Chrome Package for the Lariat. There are many species, including elfs, dwarfs, sprites, trolls, pixies, goblins and gremlins. Additionally, over 912,000 F-150s were sold in 2004, giving it a single-year sales record. In the Artemis Fowl series, by Eoin Colfer, Fairies are highly technologically advanced, peaceful beings who live underground in Haven City and Atlantis City, unbeknownst to humans. It also beat the three-time winning Chevrolet Silverado for Car and Driver magazine's Best Pickup Truck for 2004 and 2005. In the earlier versions of Tolkien's Middle Earth, the creatures later known as Elves were called Fairies. The new F-150 won the North American Truck of the Year award and was Motor Trend magazine's Truck of the Year for 2004. The Susanna Clarke novel Jonathan Strange & Mr Norrell is about a pair of rival magicians who make use of and are subsequently used by "the gentleman with the thistle-down hair" also known as the fairy king of "Lost-Hope". The previous F-150 was continued in production until the summer of 2004 as the Heritage model. Feist's book, Faerie Tale, is about a small family in modern age meeting up with some of the darker aspects of fairies, as well as the Fairie Realm itself. Work-oriented versions with an available 4.2 L Triton V6 and manual transmission will debut for 2005. Raymond E. Initially, only Ford's 4.6 L Triton and new 3-valve 5.4 L 3V Triton V8 engines and automatic transmissions were offered on the new luxurious trucks. George MacDonald's book Phantastes. In 2004, Ford redesigned the F-Series using the new P2 platform. Fairies are imagined to be sentient insectoids, and the lepidoptera forms the ones most often associated with the term, though the protagonist fairy is of the beetle line!. Engines:. Isaac Asimov includes a short story about fairies in his collection of fantasy tales, Magic. 1997 also marked introduction of Ford's modular Single Overhead cam (SOHC) engines into F-150. Tad Williams's book War of the Flowers deals extensively with passing over into a modern realm of fairies. The F-150 was Motor Trend magazine's Truck of the Year for 1997. Fairies figure prominently in most of Neil Gaiman's works, primarily The Books of Magic, Stardust, and Sandman. Ford's sales dropped, however, for the final years of this generation as the redesigned Dodge trucks were released. Typically Yeats's trooping fairies are compared to the elves of English lore. Sales of the F-150 surged in the tenth generation to 750,000 to over 900,000 in 2001 as the General Motors and Dodge products lagged. This is in contrast to the solitary fairies, such as the banshee, leprechaun, or pooka. The super-duty F-250 and F-350 were retained on the old chassis until 1999. Yeats coined the expression "trooping fairies" to refer to those fairies who liked to travel together in groups, related to the sidhe, Christianised remnants of the Tuatha Dé Danann. In 2001 the SuperCrew cab was introduced. B. A new Lightning was introduced in 1999, and Harley-Davidson and King Ranch versions were also created. In his Fairy Folk Tales of Ireland (1892), W. A wide variety of body options were available: regular cab and SuperCab, standard or flareside boxes, and short and long beds. The best is the Gilbert and Sullivan operetta Iolanthe which deals with a conflict between fairies and the House of Lords and, among other issues, touches on some of the practical consequences of fairy/human marriages and cross-breeding in a humorous manner. With the arrival of the Super Duty, this F-250 "light duty" was offered as the "7700" package for the F-150 (noted on the tailgate emblem). Gilbert liked fairies and wrote several plays about them. The "Super Duty" F series did not yet exist, so an F-250 was offered which was an F-150 with heavier duty axles and suspension, along with odd 7 lug wheels. William S. Ford took the aero styling to its conclusion for 1997 with an extremely round nose on the new F-series. This work details the spell cast by the mischievous fairy Puck (at the behest of the fairy-king Oberon) on Oberon's wife Titania, who falls in love with the first mortal she casts eyes upon, the unfortunate Bottom, whom Puck has transmogrified into having a donkey's head. Engines:. William Shakespeare's play A Midsummer Night's Dream deals extensively with the subject of fairy-folk and their interaction with a group of amateur theatrical players. 500,000 F-Series trucks were sold in 1992, but this rose to nearly 800,000 by 1996, and the Ford had overtaken the combined Chevrolet and GMC pickup sales for the first time in a decade. Dwarves, giants, dragons, unicorns, and the like have at some point been made out to be faeries, if not faye themselves. Ford trailed rival General Motors trucks for much of the ninth generation, though sales steadily rose each year. However, the mercurial and inherently magical nature of fairies has led to their association and confusion with most other mythical creatures. Following the lead of the Explorer, an Eddie Bauer trim line was added for 1995. Such beings are most often called "the shining ones.". A CD player option was new for 1994, as was a driver's-side airbag and "CHMSL" third brake light. There is a central archetypal figure behind most of the stories described as a tall, delicate, radiant being of humanoid aspect. The Lightning appeared in 1993. Consequently, faerie runs amok with creatures that are completely unrelated save that they are mythologic in origin. The 1992 truck was much more rounded and aerodynamic-looking, and the flareside returned until 1996. This is partially due to the fact that, by being supernatural and chaotic entities, they are difficult to pin down as being anything in particular and partially due to the fact that humans have yet to answer completely what constitutes the racial ethos of humanity. Engines:. The question of a faerie "nature" has been the topic of many a myth or scholarly paper for a very long time. The 5.0 L truck also had an optional "Touch Drive" electronic transfer case. There is, however, a slight distinction between the two words "fae" and "faerie." Properly, "fae" is a noun referring to a specific race of otherworldly beings exercising mystical abilities (either the elves [or equivalent thereof] in mythology or their insect-winged, floral descendents in English folklore), while "faerie" is an adjective meaning "of, like, or associated with fays, their otherworldly home, their activities, and their produced goods and effects." Thus, a leprechaun and a ring of mushrooms are both faerie things (a fairy leprechaun and a fairy ring.). Four wheel drive improvements included the addition of automatic locking hubs for the F-150 in 1989, and for the rest in 1991. If "fey" derives from "fata," which seems as like as "fairy" deriving from "fata," then the word history of the two words is itself fae.1. 1988 also saw the replacement of the 6.9L diesel with a 7.3L International Harvester IDI diesel. However, it gained the meaning "touched by otherworldly or magical quality; clairvoyant, supernatural." In modern English, the word seems to be conjoining into "fae" as variant spelling. For 1987 the 4.9L had standard fuel injection; for 1988, the 5.8L and 7.5L also gained fuel injection, with 1988 being the first year no carbureted engines were offered. Another word, "fey," has historically meant "doomed to die," mostly in Scotland. The manual transmission was revised with five speeds in 1988, and the flareside box was dropped. Since the subjects of the words are somewhat alien and ethereal, the terms are often used interchangeably and are more prone to spelling alterations than other words. Rear antilock brakes were now standard, the first truck to boast this. Modern English inherited the two terms "fae" and "fairy," along with all the associations attached to them. The design was more streamlined, and maintenance items were made simpler. Fata influenced modern Italian's fata and Spanish's hada, both of which mean fairy, and the Old French fée, which gained the meaning "enchanter." By adding the ending -rie, we get féerie, meaning a "state of fée" or "enchantment." This also befits the fae, who are known for casting illusions and altering emotions, particularly so as to make themselves alluring, frightening, or unseen. The 1987 refresh was evolutionary. The Latin root fata, meaning fate in the sense of one of the Parcae, is an indication that fays have abilities associated with knowledge (foresight) and manipulation (luck, blessing, cursing) of fate, both of which are qualities of faeries in myth. Engines:. An interesting correlation is the word "fey," which may be derived ultimately from the same Latin root and is now returning to mean the same as "fae.". In 1986 this became the only 5.0L offered. The words fae and faerie came to English from French and, ultimately, Latin or more further from Persia (the word Pari). In 1985 fuel injection became optional in the 5.0L. . The base model was renamed to the now-familiar F-150 for 1984. They are also regarded as aloof, ephemeral, mercurial, and whimsical, among other qualities that place them outside of a human scope and have a tendency to make them associated or confused with other mythological creatures. The big-block V8 was dropped for 1980, but added again in 1983 along with a Diesel option. They are generally humanoid in form, though of a higher, spiritual nature and so possessed of preternatural abilities, along with such mystical qualities as otherworldly beauty and grace, an ethereal glow, wings, or the like. Trim options were now XL, XLT, and XLT Lariat. A fairy is a spirit (supernatural being) found in the legends, folklore, and mythology of many cultures. The Ranger trim line was dropped in 1982, since that name was to be applied to the new Ford Ranger compact pickup. Fairy painting. The new truck had a squarer look, with sharp lines and flat panels. The next major redesign came in 1980. Engines:. That same year, the F-series became the best-selling vehicle in America, a position it has continued to hold since. A luxury Lariat trim was introduced for 1978. Other changes included the introduction of the Twin I-Beam suspension, a name that is still used, and the 1974 introduction of the extended super cab version. The truck was redesigned in 1973 with an automatic transmission option. Engines:. The fifth generation F-series is also locally produced in Brazil. The top trim for 1970 was named Ranger XLT. A 4-door crew cab version was introduced in 1969, still a popular option. The front leaf springs were replaced by coil springs in F-100s in 1968 along with a powertrain refresh. Another refresh came in 1967 along with a now-familiar name: the upscale Ranger trim line. Engines:. Power was over 200 hp with the 1965 refresh of the powertrain. The truck was completely redesigned for 1961 with a wider look, and styleside trucks got an integrated cab and box. Engines:. Four wheel drive, now a common feature, was a new addition to the truck in 1959. In the back, the traditional separate-fender body was now called flareside, while a new smooth-sided look was styleside. The truck was restyled again in 1957 with the hood now merging with the fenders. Engines:. Interior amenities were new, including a dome light, lighter, arm rests, and sun visors. The pickups also acquired their familiar names: F-100, F-250, and the heavy-duty F-350. The F-series was redesigned for 1953 with a more integrated look. Engines:. The F-series was available as three models:. It was a modern-looking truck with a one-piece windshield and integrated headlights. The first F-series truck from Ford was introduced in 1948, replacing the company's previous car-based pickup line. . Analysts estimate that the F-Series alone makes up half of the Ford Motor Company's profits in recent years. It has been the best-selling vehicle in the world for 23 years and the best-selling truck in the United States (and possibly the world) for 28 years. The most popular variant of the F-Series is the F-150. The F-Series is a series of full-size pickup trucks from Ford Motor Company sold for over 5 decades. URL accessed on November 8, 2004.. Edmunds.com. A Ford F-Series History. 1999-2003 - 7.3 L Power Stroke turbo-Diesel V8, 235 hp/500 ft.lbf (Super Duty). 1999-2003 - 6.8 L Triton V10, 275 hp/410 ft.lbf (Super Duty). 1999-2004 - 5.4 L supercharged Triton V8, 340 hp (02-03 Harley-Davidson). 2001-2004 - 5.4 L supercharged Triton V8, 380 hp (01-04 Lightning). 1999-2000 - 5.4 L supercharged Triton V8, 360 hp (99-00 Lightning). 1999-2003 - 5.4 L Triton V8, 260 hp/350 ft.lbf. 1997-1998 - 5.4 L Triton V8, 235 hp/330 ft.lbf. 1999-2003 - 4.6 L Triton V8, 231 hp/293 ft.lbf. 1997-1998 - 4.6 L Triton V8, 220 hp/280 ft.lbf. 1997-2003 - 4.2 L Essex V6, 202 hp/252 ft.lbf. 1995-1996 - 7.3 L Power Stroke turbo-Diesel V8, 210 hp/425 ft.lbf. 1993-1995 - 5.8 L Windsor V8, FI, 240 hp Lightning. 1992-1996 - 5.8 L Windsor V8, FI, 210 hp. 1992-1996 - 5.0 L Windsor V8, FI, 185 hp. 1992-1996 - 7.3 L Turbo IDI Diesel V8, 190 hp/395 ft.lbf. 1992-1996 - 7.3 L IDI Diesel V8, 185 hp/360 ft.lbf. 1992-1996 - 7.5 L 385 V8, FI, 240 hp. 1992-1996 - 4.9 L straight-6, FI, 150 hp. 1988-1991 - Windsor 5.8 L V8, FI, 210 hp. 1987-1991 - Windsor 5.0 L V8, FI, 185 hp. 1988-1991 - 7.3 L International Harvester IDI Diesel V8, 180 hp. 1988-1991 - 385 7.5 L V8, FI, 230 hp. 1987 - 7.5 L 385 V8, 245 hp (183 kW). 1987 - 6.9 L Diesel V8, 170 hp (127 kW). 1987 - Windsor 5.8 L V8. 1987-1991 - 4.9 L straight-6, FI, 150 hp (112 kW). 1983-1986 - 6.9 L Diesel V8, 170 hp (127 kW). 1983-1986 - 7.5 L 385 V8, 245 hp (183 kW). 1980-1982 - 400 in³ (6.6 L) Cleveland V8. 1983-1986 - Windsor 5.8 L V8. 1980-1982 - 351 in³ (5.8 L) Cleveland V8. 1985-1986 - Windsor 5.0 L V8, FI, 185 hp. 1980-1985 - 302 in³ (4.9 L) Windsor V8. 1980-1986 - 300 in³ (4.9 L) straight-6. 1978-1979 - 300 in³ (4.9 L) straight-6, 114 hp (85 kW). 1977-1979 - 400 in³ (6.6 L) Cleveland V8, 169 hp (126 kW). 1977-1979 - 351 in³ (5.8 L) Cleveland V8, 163 hp (122 kW). 1973-1979 - 460 in³ (7.5 L) 385 V8. 1973-1977 - 302 in³ (4.9 L) Windsor V8. 1973-1977 - 390 in³ (6.4 L) FE V8. 1973-1976 - 360 in³ (5.9 L) FE V8. 1973-1977 - 352 in³ (5.8 L) FE V8. 1973-1977 - 300 in³ (4.9 L) straight-6. 1973-1977 - 240 in³ (3.9 L) straight-6. 1970-1972 - 302 in³ (4.9 L) Windsor V8, 220 hp (164 kW). 1968-1972 - 390 in³ (6.4 L) FE V8. 1968-1972 - 360 in³ (5.9 L) FE V8. 1967 - 352 in³ (5.8 L) FE V8. 1967-1972 - 300 in³ (4.9 L) straight-6. 1967-1972 - 240 in³ (3.9 L) straight-6. 1965-1966 - 352 in³ (5.8 L) FE V8, 208 hp (155 kW). 1965-1966 - 300 in³ (4.9 L) straight-6, 170 hp (127 kW). 1965-1966 - 240 in³ (3.9 L) straight-6, 150 hp (112 kW). 1961-1964 - 292 in³ (4.8 L) Y-block V8, 186 hp (139 kW). 1961-1964 - 223 in³ (3.7 L) straight-6, 137 hp (102 kW). 1959-1960 - 292 in³ (4.8 L) Y-block V8, 186 hp (139 kW). 1958 - 272 in³ (4.5 L) Y-block V8, 173 hp (129 kW). 1958-1960 - 223 in³ (3.7 L) straight-6, 137 hp(102 kW). 1956 - 272 in³ (4.5 L) Y-block V8, 173 hp (129 kW). 1956 - 223 in³ (3.7 L) "Mileage Maker" straight-6, 137 hp (102 kW). 1954-1955 - 239 in³ (3.9 L) Y-block "Power King" V8, 130 hp (97 kW). 1954-1955 - 223 in³ (3.7 L) "Mileage Maker" straight-6, 115 hp (86 kW). 1953 - 215 in³ (3.5 L) straight-six, 101 hp (75.3 kW). 1953 - 239 in³ (3.9 L) Flathead V8, 100 hp (74.6 kW). 1951-1952 - 215 in³ (3.5 L) straight-six, 101 hp (75.3 kW). 1948-1952 - 239 in³ (3.9 L) Flathead V8, 100 hp (74.6 kW). 1948-1950 - 226 in³ (3.7 L) straight-six, 95 hp (71 kW). F-3 - Heavy Duty. F-2 - three-quarter-ton. F-1 - half-ton. |