Condoleezza RiceCondoleezza Rice (born November 14, 1954) is the 66th and current United States Secretary of State, and the second in the administration of President George W. Bush. She replaced Colin Powell on January 26, 2005. Condoleezza Rice was previously Bush's National Security Advisor during his first term (2001–2005). Before joining the Bush administration, she was a Professor of Political Science at Stanford University and served as Provost from 1993 to 1999. Her deputy is Robert Zoellick. ChildhoodCondoleezza Rice was born in Birmingham, Alabama, and is the only child of Angelena Rice and the Reverend John Wesley Rice (Jr.). Her father was a minister at Westminster Presbyterian Church, and her mother was a music teacher. The name "Condoleezza" is derived from the Italian music-related expression, "Con dolcezza", meaning "with sweetness". [1] In an article for the New Yorker, Nicholas Leman, dean of the Graduate School of Journalism at Columbia University, writes, "Birmingham had one notably rich black family, the Gastons, who were in the insurance business. Occupying the next rung down was the family of Alma Powell, wife of former Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff and U.S. Secretary of State, Colin Powell; her father and her uncle were the principals of two black high schools in town. Rice's father, John Wesley Rice, Jr., worked for Alma Powell's uncle as a high-school guidance counselor, and was an ordained minister who preached on weekends; Rice's mother, Angelena, was a teacher." [2] In 1967, the family moved to Denver when her father accepted an administrative position at the University of Denver. Rice was eight when her schoolmate Denise McNair was killed in the bombing of the primarily African-American Sixteenth Street Baptist Church by white supremacists on September 15, 1963. Rice states that growing up during racial segregation taught her determination against adversity, and the need to be "twice as good" as non-minorities [3]. EducationAfter studying piano at an Aspen music camp, Rice enrolled at the University of Denver, where her father both served as an assistant dean and taught a class called "The Black Experience in America." [4] At age 15, Rice began classes with the goal of becoming a concert pianist. Her plans changed when she noticed that she did not play well enough for an international career due to a lack of talent and sufficient practice according to her own statements [5]. She attended a course on international politics taught by Josef Korbel, the father of former Secretary of State Madeleine Albright. This experience sparked her interest in the Soviet Union and international relations and made her call Korbel, "one of the most central figures in my life" [6]. In 1974, at age 19, Rice earned her B.A. in political science and Phi Beta Kappa, from the University of Denver. In 1975, she obtained her Master's Degree in political science from the University of Notre Dame. She first worked in the State Department in 1977, during the Carter administration, as an intern in the Bureau of Educational and Cultural Affairs. In 1981, at age 26, she received her Ph.D. from the Graduate School of International Studies at the University of Denver. In addition to English, she speaks Russian, French, German and Spanish. Academic careerCondoleezza RiceAt Stanford University, Rice was an Assistant Professor, Political Science (1981–1987), Associate Professor (1987-1993), Professor of Political Science (1993-July 2000), (see [7]), Senior Fellow of the Institute for International Studies, and a Senior Fellow (by courtesy) of the Hoover Institution. She was a specialist on the former Soviet Union and gave lectures on the subject for the Berkeley-Stanford joint program led by U.C. Berkeley's George Breslauer in the mid-1980s. She also was an avid reader of Leo Tolstoy and Dostoyevsky, and once told a friend she leaned toward the latter in her world view. She was quietly cerebral, friendly but decorous, and popular among students. They often saw her exercising in the gym, or serving breakfast to undergraduates at Midnight Breakfast, a Stanford tradition during final exams. From 1993 to 1999 she served as the Stanford Provost, the chief budget and academic officer of the university. Yet, she managed to maintain friendly contact with various student associations, such as the Venezuelan Student Organization. After departing to enter government service, she returned to Stanford in June 2002 to deliver the commencement address (see [8]). Rice is a Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences and has been awarded honorary doctorates from Morehouse College in 1991, the University of Alabama in 1994, the University of Notre Dame in 1995, the Mississippi College School of Law in 2003, the University of Louisville and Michigan State University in 2004. Rice has written or collaborated on several books, including Germany Unified and Europe Transformed (1995), The Gorbachev Era (1986), and Uncertain Allegiance: The Soviet Union and the Czechoslovak Army (1984). Business careerRice has served on the board of directors for the Chevron Corporation, the Charles Schwab Corporation, the William and Flora Hewlett Foundation, Transamerica Corporation, Hewlett Packard, The Carnegie Corporation, The Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, The Rand Corporation, and KQED, public broadcasting for San Francisco. She was also on the Board of Trustees of the University of Notre Dame, the International Advisory Council of J.P. Morgan, and the San Francisco Symphony Board of Governors. Chevron honored Rice by naming an oil tanker Condoleezza Rice after her, but controversy led to its being renamed Altair Voyager [9],[10], and [11] She also headed Chevron's committee on public policy until she resigned on January 15, 2001, to become National Security Advisor to President George W. Bush. Rice has also been active in community affairs. She was a founding board member of the Center for a New Generation, an educational support fund for schools in East Palo Alto, California and East Menlo Park, California, and was Vice President of the Boys and Girls Clubs of America of the San Francisco Bay Area. In addition, her past board service has encompassed such organizations as the National Council for Soviet and East European Studies, and the Mid-Peninsula Urban Coalition. Political careerEarly phaseIn 1986, while an international affairs fellow of the Council on Foreign Relations, Rice served as Special Assistant to the Director of the Joint Chiefs of Staff. From 1989 through March 1991 (the period of the fall of Berlin Wall and the final days of the Soviet Union), she served in the George H. W. Bush Administration as Director, and then Senior Director, of Soviet and East European Affairs in the National Security Council, and a Special Assistant to the President for National Security Affairs. In this position, Rice helped develop Bush's and Secretary of State James Baker's policies in favor of German reunification. She so impressed Bush that he introduced her to Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev as the one who "tells me everything I know about the Soviet Union."[12] In 1989 she served as director for Soviet and East European Affairs at the National Security Council and reported directly to National Security Adviser Brent Scowcroft. In 1990 she became George H. W. Bush's principal advisor on the Soviet Union. In 1997, she sat on the Federal Advisory Committee on Gender-Integrated Training in the Military. During George W. Bush's election campaign in 2000, Rice took a one-year leave of absence from Stanford University to help work as his foreign policy advisor. National Security Advisor (2001–2005)Rice, Secretary of State Colin Powell, and Secretary of Defense Donald Rumsfeld listen to President George W. Bush speak about the Middle East on June 24, 2002On December 17, 2000, Rice was picked to serve as National Security Advisor and stepped down from her position at Stanford. She was the first woman to occupy the post. In 2001, Rice was staff or board member of The Scowcroft Group according to a report entitled 2001 Morse Target. Rice became one of the most outspoken supporters of the 2003 invasion of Iraq. After Iraq delivered its declaration of weapons of mass destruction to the United Nations on December 8, 2002, it was Rice who wrote an editorial for The New York Times entitled Why We Know Iraq Is Lying. In March 2004, Rice initially refused to publicly testify under oath before the National Commission on Terrorist Attacks Upon the United States (the 9/11 Commission). The White House claimed executive privilege under constitutional separation of powers and cited past tradition in refusing requests for her public testimony. Under pressure, Bush agreed to allow her to publicly testify so long as it did not create a precedent of Presidential staff being required to appear before United States Congress when so requested. In the end, her appearance before the commission on April 8, 2004, was deemed acceptable in part because she was not actually appearing before Congress. She thus became the first sitting National Security Advisor to testify on matters of policy. Leading up to the 2004 U.S. Presidential election, Rice became the first National Security Advisor to campaign for an incumbent president. She used this occasion to express her belief that Saddam's government in Iraq contributed to circumstances that produced terrorism like the 9/11 attacks on America. At a Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania campaign rally she said: "While Saddam Hussein had nothing to do with the actual attacks on America, Saddam Hussein's Iraq was a part of the Middle East that was festering and unstable, [and] was part of the circumstances that created the problem on September 11." [13] In 2003, Rice was also drawn into the debate over the affirmative action admissions policy at the University of Michigan. On January 18, 2003, the Washington Post reported that she was involved in crafting Bush's position on race-based preferences. Rice has stated that she believes race "can be a factor" in university admissions policies [14]. Secretary of State (2005–present)Condoleezza Rice speaks after being nominated to be Secretary of State by President George W. Bush (background)On November 16, 2004, Bush nominated Rice to be Secretary of State replacing Powell, whose resignation was made public the day before. Bush named Rice's deputy, Stephen Hadley, to replace her as National Security Advisor. On January 7, 2005, Bush nominated U.S. Trade Representative Robert B. Zoellick to be Rice's deputy at the Department of State. On January 19, 2005, the U.S. Senate Committee on Foreign Relations voted by 16–2 margin to approve the forwarding of Rice's nomination to the full Senate for approval, with Democrats John Kerry and Barbara Boxer voting against Rice. During her hearing, Ms. Boxer questioned Rice on issues about her personal life, which was deemed, by some, as irrelevant. On January 26, 2005, the Senate confirmed her nomination by a vote of 85–13. The negative votes, the most cast against any nomination for Secretary of State since 1825, came from Senators who, according to Boxer, wanted "to hold Dr. Rice and the Bush Administration accountable for their failures in Iraq and in the war on terrorism." All negative votes came from either Democratic or independent senators. Their reasoning was that Rice had acted irresponsibly in equating Hussein's regime with Islamist terrorism and some could not accept her previous record. Rice has a very close relationship with President George W. Bush. Many analysts argue that Rice's close relationship with Bush is the closest President/Secretary of State relationship since former President Richard Nixon and former Secretary of State Henry Kissinger in the early 1970s. In January 2005, during Bush's second inaugural ceremonies, Rice first used the term outposts of tyranny to refer to countries felt to threaten world peace and human rights. This term has been called a descendant of Bush's phrase "Axis of Evil" used to describe Iraq, Iran and North Korea. She identified six such "outposts" in which she said the United States has a duty to foster freedom: Cuba, Zimbabwe, Burma and Belarus, as well as Iran and North Korea. Rice meets with Cardinal Angelo Sodano during her international trip.In February 2005, Rice began an extended tour of Europe and the Middle East for the first time in her official capacity of Secretary of State. She traveled to Germany, the United Kingdom, Poland, Turkey, Israel, the Palestinian Territories, Italy, France, Belgium, and Luxembourg. In April 2005, Rice went to Russia to meet President Vladimir Putin. On the plane trip over, she related comments critical of Putin to reporters. "Trends have not been positive on the democratic side", said Rice. "There have been some setbacks, but I do still think there is a considerable amount of individual freedom in Russia, which is important." [15] In person she told Putin: "We see Russia as a partner in solving regional issues, like the Balkans or the Middle East." During an interview with Russian Echo Moscow Radio, her fluency in the Russian language was tested when she was asked about her intentions concerning running for President. [16] When asked by a schoolgirl, "One day you will run for president?" she replied, "President, da, da," before she quickly answered with "nyet, nyet, nyet." When a Russian girl asked how she could become like her, she replied in English, "I don't want to talk about myself." She toured the damage from Hurricane Katrina in her home state of Alabama for several days in early September 2005. On September 9, 2005, Rice declared the refusal of Iran to halt its nuclear program unacceptable and called on Russia, China and India to join in threatening United Nations sanctions as punishment. On September 30, 2005, as a keynote speaker at Princeton University's Celebration of the 75th Anniversary of the Woodrow Wilson School of Public and International Affairs, Rice declared that the Iraq War is "set out to help the people of the Middle East transform their societies." [17] On October 30, 2005, Rice attended a memorial service in Montgomery, Alabama, in Rice's home state, for Rosa Parks, an inspiration for the American Civil Rights Movement. [18] Rice stated, that she and others who grew up in Alabama during the height of Parks' activism might not have realized her impact on their lives at the time, "but I can honestly say that without Mrs. Parks, I probably would not be standing here today as secretary of state." [19] In November 2005, ahead of a visit to Europe, Rice informed Irish Foreign Minister Dermot Ahern that "she expected allies to trust that America does not allow rights abuses" -- a sign she will avoid giving Europe a detailed response on U.S. intelligence work. And she refused to give Ahern a personal assurance Ireland has not been used for secret prisoner transfers. After he had already heard that denial from the U.S. ambassador, a senior State Department official said "This was in response to deep concern within the EU over the Extraordinary rendition/Black sites controversy." [20] On January 18, 2006, Dr. Rice announced plans for a substantial reorganization of the State Department. Goals include the relocation of hundreds of American diplomats, as well as strengthening requirements for language skills and knowledge of foreign cultures as a prerequisite for professional advancement.[21][22] Future prospectsRice has risen to become one of the most powerful female politicians in US history. As a result, supporters have touted a future Vice Presidential or Presidential candidacy as a possibility. Condi vs. Hillary: The Next Great Presidential RaceAfter the 2004 election, political consultant Dick Morris advocated Rice's candidacy for President in 2008. Currently, dozens of websites and organizations exist, seeking to draft Dr. Rice and make her candidacy a reality. The most noteworthy of these groups, "Americans for Dr. Rice," is a 527 group, not approved by any candidate or party, dedicated to the candidacy, and election, of Rice in the 2008 presidential race. Rice for her part has repeatedly said she has no desire or interest in becoming President. Interviewed on the subject by Tim Russert on March 14, 2005, Rice declared, "I will not run for president of the United States. How is that? I don't know how many ways to say 'no' in this town." [23] In May 2005, several of Rice's associates claimed that she is interested in a run for the presidency, but only in draft form. [24] On October 16, 2005, on NBC's Meet the Press, Rice again declined she would run for President in 2008. While she says she is flattered that many people want her to run, she says it is not what she wants to do with her life. Rice told Fox News Sunday host, Chris Wallace, "I'm quite certain that there are going to be really fine candidates for president from our party, and I'm looking forward to seeing them and perhaps supporting them." [25] Interviewed on BBC television's The Politics Show on October 23, she again stated her decision not to run, although dodged giving a "Yes" answer when asked whether that meant she would definitely not run in any circumstances. However, as many have pointed out, Dr. Rice has not said that she would not accept the Republican nomination were it to be offered to her. Rice has frequently been mentioned as a possible opponent of Hillary Clinton in the 2008 election, as is the subject of the book Condi vs. Hillary: The Next Great Presidential Race, by political strategist Dick Morris and his wife, Eileen McGann-Morris. Even in spite of Dr. Rice's denials of any presidential aspirations, many recent polls show her as the number one or number two most desired Republican nominee, including prominent ones like Marist, NewsMax, Rasmussen, and Zogby. In fact, a recent Zogby America poll showed Dr. Rice defeating Democratic potentials Hillary Clinton, John Kerry, and Mark Warner. Trivia
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Rice defeating Democratic potentials Hillary Clinton, John Kerry, and Mark Warner. Unfortunately, despite creating the visual image of such an iconic character, Payne did not receive any credit for his work. In fact, a recent Zogby America poll showed Dr. Indeed, in later books, Awdry based all his characters on real locomotive classes. Rice's denials of any presidential aspirations, many recent polls show her as the number one or number two most desired Republican nominee, including prominent ones like Marist, NewsMax, Rasmussen, and Zogby. Awdry was initially annoyed that Thomas in the book differed so substantially from his original visualisation, but was satisfied when Payne explained that he was taken from a real prototype. Even in spite of Dr. Payne decided to base his version of Thomas on a real locomotive, an E2 class of the London, Brighton and South Coast Railway. Hillary: The Next Great Presidential Race, by political strategist Dick Morris and his wife, Eileen McGann-Morris. For this, the publisher hired an illustrator named Reginald Payne. Rice has frequently been mentioned as a possible opponent of Hillary Clinton in the 2008 election, as is the subject of the book Condi vs. Awdry wrote four stories about Thomas, which were collected into a book called Thomas the Tank Engine. Rice has not said that she would not accept the Republican nomination were it to be offered to her. Awdry claimed that this stood for "No Where", but later works would identify the railway Thomas and his friends worked on as the North Western Railway. However, as many have pointed out, Dr. This engine looked rather different from the character in the books and television series, and carried the letters NW on its side tanks. Rice told Fox News Sunday host, Chris Wallace, "I'm quite certain that there are going to be really fine candidates for president from our party, and I'm looking forward to seeing them and perhaps supporting them." [25] Interviewed on BBC television's The Politics Show on October 23, she again stated her decision not to run, although dodged giving a "Yes" answer when asked whether that meant she would definitely not run in any circumstances. Awdry created Thomas, he existed only as a push-along wooden toy made for his son, Christopher. While she says she is flattered that many people want her to run, she says it is not what she wants to do with her life. W. [24] On October 16, 2005, on NBC's Meet the Press, Rice again declined she would run for President in 2008. When Rev. In May 2005, several of Rice's associates claimed that she is interested in a run for the presidency, but only in draft form. How is that? I don't know how many ways to say 'no' in this town." [23]. The most noteworthy of these groups, "Americans for Dr. Awdry. Rice and make her candidacy a reality. Thomas the tank engine first appeared in the 1940s, when stories about him were published in The Railway Series by Reverend W.V. Currently, dozens of websites and organizations exist, seeking to draft Dr. He is the star of the television series Thomas the Tank Engine and Friends. After the 2004 election, political consultant Dick Morris advocated Rice's candidacy for President in 2008. He is locomotive number 1 on the Sodor Railways. As a result, supporters have touted a future Vice Presidential or Presidential candidacy as a possibility. In one episode he was described as follows:. Rice has risen to become one of the most powerful female politicians in US history. Awdry. Goals include the relocation of hundreds of American diplomats, as well as strengthening requirements for language skills and knowledge of foreign cultures as a prerequisite for professional advancement.[21][22]. V. Rice announced plans for a substantial reorganization of the State Department. W. On January 18, 2006, Dr. Thomas the Tank Engine is a fictional anthropomorphic locomotive featured on the British children's television series Thomas the Tank Engine and Friends and its American spinoff Shining Time Station, and earlier in books by the Rev. ambassador, a senior State Department official said "This was in response to deep concern within the EU over the Extraordinary rendition/Black sites controversy." [20]. Thomas arrived on Sodor on a loan from a railway in the South of England. After he had already heard that denial from the U.S. Thomas loves being called a 'really useful engine'. And she refused to give Ahern a personal assurance Ireland has not been used for secret prisoner transfers. Thomas hates fish. intelligence work. Thomas loves taking children around Sodor. In November 2005, ahead of a visit to Europe, Rice informed Irish Foreign Minister Dermot Ahern that "she expected allies to trust that America does not allow rights abuses" -- a sign she will avoid giving Europe a detailed response on U.S. Thomas hates his snowplough and snow. Parks, I probably would not be standing here today as secretary of state." [19]. The Fat Controller calls him a "Really useful engine". [18] Rice stated, that she and others who grew up in Alabama during the height of Parks' activism might not have realized her impact on their lives at the time, "but I can honestly say that without Mrs. Thomas has 2 coaches Annie and Clarabel and his own branch line. On October 30, 2005, Rice attended a memorial service in Montgomery, Alabama, in Rice's home state, for Rosa Parks, an inspiration for the American Civil Rights Movement. He's a cheeky little engine with 6 small wheels, a short stumpy funnel, a short stumpy boiler and a short stumpy dome." -Narrator Ringo Starr from the episode "Thomas & Gordon". On September 30, 2005, as a keynote speaker at Princeton University's Celebration of the 75th Anniversary of the Woodrow Wilson School of Public and International Affairs, Rice declared that the Iraq War is "set out to help the people of the Middle East transform their societies." [17]. "Thomas is a tank engine who lives at a big station of the Island of Sodor. On September 9, 2005, Rice declared the refusal of Iran to halt its nuclear program unacceptable and called on Russia, China and India to join in threatening United Nations sanctions as punishment. She toured the damage from Hurricane Katrina in her home state of Alabama for several days in early September 2005. [16] When asked by a schoolgirl, "One day you will run for president?" she replied, "President, da, da," before she quickly answered with "nyet, nyet, nyet." When a Russian girl asked how she could become like her, she replied in English, "I don't want to talk about myself.". During an interview with Russian Echo Moscow Radio, her fluency in the Russian language was tested when she was asked about her intentions concerning running for President. In person she told Putin: "We see Russia as a partner in solving regional issues, like the Balkans or the Middle East.". "There have been some setbacks, but I do still think there is a considerable amount of individual freedom in Russia, which is important." [15]. "Trends have not been positive on the democratic side", said Rice. On the plane trip over, she related comments critical of Putin to reporters. In April 2005, Rice went to Russia to meet President Vladimir Putin. She traveled to Germany, the United Kingdom, Poland, Turkey, Israel, the Palestinian Territories, Italy, France, Belgium, and Luxembourg. In February 2005, Rice began an extended tour of Europe and the Middle East for the first time in her official capacity of Secretary of State. She identified six such "outposts" in which she said the United States has a duty to foster freedom: Cuba, Zimbabwe, Burma and Belarus, as well as Iran and North Korea. This term has been called a descendant of Bush's phrase "Axis of Evil" used to describe Iraq, Iran and North Korea. In January 2005, during Bush's second inaugural ceremonies, Rice first used the term outposts of tyranny to refer to countries felt to threaten world peace and human rights. Many analysts argue that Rice's close relationship with Bush is the closest President/Secretary of State relationship since former President Richard Nixon and former Secretary of State Henry Kissinger in the early 1970s. Bush. Rice has a very close relationship with President George W. Their reasoning was that Rice had acted irresponsibly in equating Hussein's regime with Islamist terrorism and some could not accept her previous record. Rice and the Bush Administration accountable for their failures in Iraq and in the war on terrorism." All negative votes came from either Democratic or independent senators. The negative votes, the most cast against any nomination for Secretary of State since 1825, came from Senators who, according to Boxer, wanted "to hold Dr. On January 26, 2005, the Senate confirmed her nomination by a vote of 85–13. Boxer questioned Rice on issues about her personal life, which was deemed, by some, as irrelevant. During her hearing, Ms. Senate Committee on Foreign Relations voted by 16–2 margin to approve the forwarding of Rice's nomination to the full Senate for approval, with Democrats John Kerry and Barbara Boxer voting against Rice. On January 19, 2005, the U.S. Zoellick to be Rice's deputy at the Department of State. Trade Representative Robert B. On January 7, 2005, Bush nominated U.S. Bush named Rice's deputy, Stephen Hadley, to replace her as National Security Advisor. On November 16, 2004, Bush nominated Rice to be Secretary of State replacing Powell, whose resignation was made public the day before. Rice has stated that she believes race "can be a factor" in university admissions policies [14]. On January 18, 2003, the Washington Post reported that she was involved in crafting Bush's position on race-based preferences. In 2003, Rice was also drawn into the debate over the affirmative action admissions policy at the University of Michigan. At a Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania campaign rally she said: "While Saddam Hussein had nothing to do with the actual attacks on America, Saddam Hussein's Iraq was a part of the Middle East that was festering and unstable, [and] was part of the circumstances that created the problem on September 11." [13]. She used this occasion to express her belief that Saddam's government in Iraq contributed to circumstances that produced terrorism like the 9/11 attacks on America. Presidential election, Rice became the first National Security Advisor to campaign for an incumbent president. Leading up to the 2004 U.S. She thus became the first sitting National Security Advisor to testify on matters of policy. In the end, her appearance before the commission on April 8, 2004, was deemed acceptable in part because she was not actually appearing before Congress. Under pressure, Bush agreed to allow her to publicly testify so long as it did not create a precedent of Presidential staff being required to appear before United States Congress when so requested. The White House claimed executive privilege under constitutional separation of powers and cited past tradition in refusing requests for her public testimony. In March 2004, Rice initially refused to publicly testify under oath before the National Commission on Terrorist Attacks Upon the United States (the 9/11 Commission). After Iraq delivered its declaration of weapons of mass destruction to the United Nations on December 8, 2002, it was Rice who wrote an editorial for The New York Times entitled Why We Know Iraq Is Lying. Rice became one of the most outspoken supporters of the 2003 invasion of Iraq. In 2001, Rice was staff or board member of The Scowcroft Group according to a report entitled 2001 Morse Target. She was the first woman to occupy the post. On December 17, 2000, Rice was picked to serve as National Security Advisor and stepped down from her position at Stanford. Bush's election campaign in 2000, Rice took a one-year leave of absence from Stanford University to help work as his foreign policy advisor. During George W. In 1997, she sat on the Federal Advisory Committee on Gender-Integrated Training in the Military. Bush's principal advisor on the Soviet Union. W. In 1990 she became George H. In 1989 she served as director for Soviet and East European Affairs at the National Security Council and reported directly to National Security Adviser Brent Scowcroft. She so impressed Bush that he introduced her to Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev as the one who "tells me everything I know about the Soviet Union."[12]. In this position, Rice helped develop Bush's and Secretary of State James Baker's policies in favor of German reunification. Bush Administration as Director, and then Senior Director, of Soviet and East European Affairs in the National Security Council, and a Special Assistant to the President for National Security Affairs. W. From 1989 through March 1991 (the period of the fall of Berlin Wall and the final days of the Soviet Union), she served in the George H. In 1986, while an international affairs fellow of the Council on Foreign Relations, Rice served as Special Assistant to the Director of the Joint Chiefs of Staff. In addition, her past board service has encompassed such organizations as the National Council for Soviet and East European Studies, and the Mid-Peninsula Urban Coalition. She was a founding board member of the Center for a New Generation, an educational support fund for schools in East Palo Alto, California and East Menlo Park, California, and was Vice President of the Boys and Girls Clubs of America of the San Francisco Bay Area. Rice has also been active in community affairs. Bush. She also headed Chevron's committee on public policy until she resigned on January 15, 2001, to become National Security Advisor to President George W. Chevron honored Rice by naming an oil tanker Condoleezza Rice after her, but controversy led to its being renamed Altair Voyager [9],[10], and [11]. Morgan, and the San Francisco Symphony Board of Governors. She was also on the Board of Trustees of the University of Notre Dame, the International Advisory Council of J.P. Rice has served on the board of directors for the Chevron Corporation, the Charles Schwab Corporation, the William and Flora Hewlett Foundation, Transamerica Corporation, Hewlett Packard, The Carnegie Corporation, The Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, The Rand Corporation, and KQED, public broadcasting for San Francisco. Rice has written or collaborated on several books, including Germany Unified and Europe Transformed (1995), The Gorbachev Era (1986), and Uncertain Allegiance: The Soviet Union and the Czechoslovak Army (1984). Rice is a Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences and has been awarded honorary doctorates from Morehouse College in 1991, the University of Alabama in 1994, the University of Notre Dame in 1995, the Mississippi College School of Law in 2003, the University of Louisville and Michigan State University in 2004. After departing to enter government service, she returned to Stanford in June 2002 to deliver the commencement address (see [8]). Yet, she managed to maintain friendly contact with various student associations, such as the Venezuelan Student Organization. From 1993 to 1999 she served as the Stanford Provost, the chief budget and academic officer of the university. They often saw her exercising in the gym, or serving breakfast to undergraduates at Midnight Breakfast, a Stanford tradition during final exams. She was quietly cerebral, friendly but decorous, and popular among students. She also was an avid reader of Leo Tolstoy and Dostoyevsky, and once told a friend she leaned toward the latter in her world view. Berkeley's George Breslauer in the mid-1980s. She was a specialist on the former Soviet Union and gave lectures on the subject for the Berkeley-Stanford joint program led by U.C. At Stanford University, Rice was an Assistant Professor, Political Science (1981–1987), Associate Professor (1987-1993), Professor of Political Science (1993-July 2000), (see [7]), Senior Fellow of the Institute for International Studies, and a Senior Fellow (by courtesy) of the Hoover Institution. In addition to English, she speaks Russian, French, German and Spanish. from the Graduate School of International Studies at the University of Denver. In 1981, at age 26, she received her Ph.D. She first worked in the State Department in 1977, during the Carter administration, as an intern in the Bureau of Educational and Cultural Affairs. In 1975, she obtained her Master's Degree in political science from the University of Notre Dame. in political science and Phi Beta Kappa, from the University of Denver. In 1974, at age 19, Rice earned her B.A. This experience sparked her interest in the Soviet Union and international relations and made her call Korbel, "one of the most central figures in my life" [6]. She attended a course on international politics taught by Josef Korbel, the father of former Secretary of State Madeleine Albright. Her plans changed when she noticed that she did not play well enough for an international career due to a lack of talent and sufficient practice according to her own statements [5]. At age 15, Rice began classes with the goal of becoming a concert pianist. After studying piano at an Aspen music camp, Rice enrolled at the University of Denver, where her father both served as an assistant dean and taught a class called "The Black Experience in America." [4]. Rice states that growing up during racial segregation taught her determination against adversity, and the need to be "twice as good" as non-minorities [3]. Rice was eight when her schoolmate Denise McNair was killed in the bombing of the primarily African-American Sixteenth Street Baptist Church by white supremacists on September 15, 1963. Rice's father, John Wesley Rice, Jr., worked for Alma Powell's uncle as a high-school guidance counselor, and was an ordained minister who preached on weekends; Rice's mother, Angelena, was a teacher." [2] In 1967, the family moved to Denver when her father accepted an administrative position at the University of Denver. Secretary of State, Colin Powell; her father and her uncle were the principals of two black high schools in town. Occupying the next rung down was the family of Alma Powell, wife of former Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff and U.S. In an article for the New Yorker, Nicholas Leman, dean of the Graduate School of Journalism at Columbia University, writes, "Birmingham had one notably rich black family, the Gastons, who were in the insurance business. [1]. The name "Condoleezza" is derived from the Italian music-related expression, "Con dolcezza", meaning "with sweetness". Her father was a minister at Westminster Presbyterian Church, and her mother was a music teacher. Condoleezza Rice was born in Birmingham, Alabama, and is the only child of Angelena Rice and the Reverend John Wesley Rice (Jr.). . Her deputy is Robert Zoellick. Before joining the Bush administration, she was a Professor of Political Science at Stanford University and served as Provost from 1993 to 1999. Condoleezza Rice was previously Bush's National Security Advisor during his first term (2001–2005). She replaced Colin Powell on January 26, 2005. Bush. Condoleezza Rice (born November 14, 1954) is the 66th and current United States Secretary of State, and the second in the administration of President George W. White House Information [35]. Senate confirmation vote on Condoleezza Rice's nomination to be Secretary of State. Hillary: The Next Great Presidential Race Regan Books ISBN 0060839139. (2005) Condi vs. Morris, Dick with Eileen McGann. Condoleezza Rice: Being The Best Millbrook Press Lerner Books ISBN 0761319271. Wade, Mary Dodson (2003). Condoleezza Rice: National Security Advisor and Musician (Ferguson Career Biographies) Facts on File ISBN 0816054800. (2003). Ryan, Bernard, Jr. Condoleezza Rice: A Real-Life Reader Biography (Real-Life Reader Biography) Mitchell Lane Publishers ISBN 1584151455. (2002). Wade, Linda R. Condoleezza Rice: National Security Advisor (Great Life Stories) Franklin Watts ISBN 0531123073. Ditchfield, Christin (2003). Salon.com. Bush's Secret Weapon. Kettman, Steve. ISBN 1557045399. Newmarket Press. Condi: The Condoleezza Rice Story. Felix, Antonia (2002). ISBN 0691069212. Princeton University Press. Uncertain Allegiance: The Soviet Union and the Czechoslovak Army. Rice, Condoleezza (1984). Stanford Alumni Association, trade paperback (1986), ISBN 0916318184; Garland Publishing, Incorporated, hardcover (1992), 376 pages, ISBN 0815305710. The Gorbachev Era. Rice, Condoleezza & Dallin, Alexander (eds.) (1986). hardcover (1995), 520 pages, ISBN 0-67435-3242; trade paperback, 1997, 520 pages, ISBN 0674353250. Harvard University Press. Germany Unified and Europe Transformed: A Study in Statecraft. Rice, Condoleezza with Zelikow, Philip D. (October 11, 2005). Los Angeles Times. "Under Rice, Powell's Policies Are Reborn". Richter, Paul. (March 15, 2005). Richter, Paul "Rice Reshaping Foreign Policy" Los Angeles Times. (January 20, 2005). The Independent. Cornwell, Rupert From the axis of evil to the outposts of tyranny. (March 24, 2002). London Suday Times. Bush-Rice 2004?. Sullivan, Andrew. (January 18, 2003). CNN. "Rice says race can be 'one factor' in considering admissions". author unknown. (February 27, 2003). San Francisco Chronicle. "Security adviser Rice weighs run for governor". Marinucci, Carla. (May 5, 2001). San Francisco Chronicle. "Chevron redubs ship named for Bush aide". Marinucci, Carla. (April 5, 2001). San Francisco Chronicle. "Critics knock naming oil tanker Condoleezza". Marinucci, Carla. (2001). CNN. "Smart, savvy, strong-willed Rice charts her own course". author unknown. (May 12, 2000). Slate. Bush's celebrity adviser". "Condoleezza Rice: George W. Plotz, David. (August 30, 1999). National Review. "Star-in-waiting: meet George W.'s foreign-policy czarina". Nordlinger, Jay. (November 21, 2004). Times. "Condi: The girl who cracked the ice". Felix, Antonia. Rice currently resides at the famous Watergate Apartments in Washington, DC, where many famous leaders live and have lived, including Supreme Court Justices, Cabinet members, and Senators. Dr. Her height is 5' 8". [34]. Rice attracted press attention for her choice of footwear while visiting an American military base in Germany. In February 2005, Dr. Mary's Academy, Englewood, Colorado, Class of 1970. High school: graduated from St. She is a former competitive figure skater. [33]. She also played Glenn Gould's piano while meeting with Michaëlle Jean the Governor General of Canada at Rideau Hall on October 25, 2005. She made use of her pianist training to accompany cellist Yo-Yo Ma for Brahms's Violin Sonata in D minor at Constitution Hall in April 2002 for the National Medal of Arts Awards [31] [32] (Picture of Rice and Yo-Yo Ma). She started learning music at age three. Rice had surgery to remove a benign uterine fibroid. In November 2004, Dr. [30]. She was reported to have accidentally referred to President Bush as her "husband" at a Washington dinner party, before quickly correcting herself. Rice is unmarried, though she has dated before and was even temporarily engaged to Denver Broncos receiver Rick Upchurch, who, in 2000, was named one of the 300 best NFL players of all time [29]. Dr. [28]. Rice was a Democrat until 1982 when she changed her political affiliation to Republican after growing averse to President Carter's foreign policy. Dr. Rice has stated several times in interviews that she has aspirations of becoming the Commissioner of the National Football League. Dr. Rice the world's most powerful woman. In August 2004 [26] and again in August 2005 [27], Forbes magazine named Dr. Condoleezza Rice was taken to Southern University in Baton Rouge, Louisiana as a young child for psychological testing, where she was found to be a genius with an extraordinarily high IQ. Condoleezza Rice's father, the Reverend John Wesley Rice, worked as a counsellor in the same Birmingham (Alabama) school where former Secretary of State Colin Powell's uncle was principal. Rice's closest mentors, college professor Josef Korbel, was former Secretary of State Madeleine Albright's father. One of Dr. Rice is second cousin to former NAACP Lawyer Connie Rice. Dr. (Madeleine Albright was a naturalized citizen and therefore ineligible to succeed). This is a higher ranking in the presidential line of succession than any other woman has ever achieved. Rice is fourth in line to succeed the President. Dr. Rice is the first African American woman, second African American (after Colin Powell), and second woman (after Madeleine Albright) to serve as Secretary of State. Dr. |