Columbus, OhioSkyline of downtown Columbus, Ohio, viewed across the Scioto River.Columbus is the capital of the state of Ohio in the United States of America. The city is the most populous in the state, with a population of 711,470 as of the 2000 census, and the heart of the third largest metropolitan area. According to recent U.S. census estimates, in Ohio only the metropolitan areas of Cleveland (2.15M) and Cincinnati (2.01M) are larger than the Columbus metropolitan area, which has a population of 1,612,694 (2000 census, 31st largest in the United States). With regard to Combined Statistical Areas (and including Chilicothe and Marion), Columbus ranks 24th in the country with 1.84M, behind #19 Cincinnati (2.05M) and #14 Cleveland-Akron (2.95M). Columbus is the county seat of Franklin County. It also extends into Delaware and Fairfield counties. See also: List of Mayors of Columbus, Ohio Education |
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Location in the state of Ohio |
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| Founded | |
| County | Franklin, Delaware, and Fairfield counties |
| Mayor | Michael B. Coleman |
| Area - Total - Water |
550.5 km² (212.6 mi²) 5.9 km² (2.3 mi²) 1.07% |
| Population - City (2000) - Density - Metropolitan |
711,470 1,306.4/km² 1.84 million |
| Time zone | Eastern (UTC –5) |
| Coordinates WGS-84 (GPS) |
39.9898° N 82.9915° W (http://kvaleberg.com/extensions/mapsources/index.php?params=39.9898_N_82.9915_W_region:US_type:city) |
| www.cityofcolumbus.org | |
Columbus is the home of The Ohio State University, which has the distinction of being the largest single campus in the United States with a 48,003 total enrollment according to the OSU Office of University Relations. Also located in Columbus and its metro area are Ohio Wesleyan University in Delaware, Capital University in Bexley, Franklin University, the Columbus College of Art and Design (CCAD), Otterbein College in Westerville, DeVry University, Ohio Dominican University, and Columbus State Community College.
Columbus Public Schools dominate the K-12 primary school landscape, with each of the suburbs also having fairly large districts as well, sometimes overlapping municipal boundaries. CPS offers many alternative schools as well, such as Columbus Alternative High school, Fort Hayes and Ecole Kenwood. Notable private schools within Columbus include Columbus School for Girls, Bishop Watterson High School, Bishop Ready High School, DeSales High School, Worthington Christian High School, Saint Charles Preparatory School, and the Columbus Academy and Bishop Hartley High School.
As Columbus is the capital of the state of Ohio, there is a large government presence in the city. Including city, state, and jobs at the public Ohio State University, government jobs provide the largest single source of employment within Columbus. However, it is by no means a majority.
Columbus is the headquarters for a number of businesses as well. Nationwide Insurance makes its home downtown in a large, multi-building complex that dominates the northern end of the downtown area. Limited Brands (formerly known as The Limited, Inc.) is located on the east side of the city and is the parent company of the retail stores The Limited, Express, Victoria's Secret, and Bath & Body Works, among others. Worthington Steel is primarily located on the north side of the metro area in the Worthington suburb. Two fast food chains have their homebase in the Columbus metro area as well, Wendy's and White Castle, with Wendy's still operating their first store downtown as both a museum and a working restaurant. Cardinal Health has its headquarters in the northwest suburb of Dublin. Huntington Bancshares also has its headquarters in the downtown area. Borden Chemical (formerly part of the Borden, Inc. corporation prior to its acquisition and subsequent divestiture) is located downtown as well. The Ross Products Division of Abbott Laboratories, makers of Ensure nutritional drink and Similac infant formula, is also headquartered in Columbus, with over 7,000 employees.
In addition to these companies, many companies have a major presence in the Columbus area. Honda has its North American auto plant in Marysville to the northwest of Columbus and produces all of the Honda Accords, Civics, motorcycles and many of Acura's models for the North American market. Bank One, which used to be headquartered in Columbus prior to the merger with First Chicago-NBD, still has a major presence in Columbus. J.P. Morgan Chase & Co., which announced a merger with Bank One in 2004, has a large mortgage servicing unit in the city. CompuServe still has its roots in Columbus, although it has been owned by AOL since 1998. Budweiser has a major brewery located on the north side of the city. McGraw-Hill Inc. has large offices within Columbus as well. UPS has a large distribution center on the west side of the city. Columbus is also home to the Chemical Abstracts Service, making it one of the world's leading centers for scientific information distribution.
Columbus also hosts many conventions in the Greater Columbus Convention Center, a pastel-colored building on the north edge of downtown that resembles jumbled blocks, or a train yard from overhead. The convention center was designed by famed architect Peter Eisenman, who also designed the renowned Wexner Center, also located in Columbus at the campus of The Ohio State University. Completed in 1993, the convention center spanned nearly 600,000 square feet (56,000 m²) at the time, and has recently been expanded.
Columbus is bisected by two major Interstate highways, Interstate 70 running east-west, and Interstate 71 running north to roughly southwest. The two Interstates combine downtown for about 1.5 miles in an area locally known as "The Split", which is a major traffic congestion point within Columbus, especially during rush hour. U.S. Highway 40, aka National Road, runs east-west through Columbus, comprising Main Street to the east of downtown and Broad Street to the west. It is also widely recognized as the nation's first highway. U.S. Highway 23 runs roughly north-south, while U.S. Highway 33 runs northwest-to-southeast. The Interstate 270 Outerbelt encircles the vast majority of Columbus and its suburbs, while the newly redesigned Innerbelt consists of the Interstate 670 spur on the north side (which continues to the east past the airport and to the west where it merges with I-270), State Route 315 on the west side, the I-70/71 split on the south side, and I-71 on the east. Due to its central location within Ohio and abundance of outbound roadways, nearly all of the state's destinations are within a 2-hour drive of Columbus.
The city's street plan--originating in the oldest parts of the city, that is downtown and the immediate vicinity--is a roughly gridiron model bisected north-south by High Street and east-west by Broad Street. Much of the city street numbering plan originates at their intersection in mid-downtown (the Ohio Statehouse building sits at the corner of Broad and High, incidentally), so house numbers increase with distance from downtown. This rigid street grid breaks down the further out one goes, particularly in the suburbs (mostly old towns with their own street plans still intact) and the newer subdivisions. Besides High Street and Broad Street, major thoroughfares in Columbus include Main Street, Morse Road, Dublin-Granville Road (aka SR-161), Cleveland Avenue/Westerville Road (aka SR-3), Olentangy River Road, Riverside Drive, Sunbury Road, and Livingston Avenue.
Columbus does not have a metro or other passenger rail system, but does maintain a widespread municipal bus service called the Central Ohio Transit Authority (COTA). Columbus used to have a major train station downtown called Union Station (http://home.columbus.rr.com/unionstation), however it was razed in the late 1970s. Columbus is now the second largest city in the U.S. (after Phoenix) without passenger rail service. Columbus is served by Port Columbus International Airport, Rickenbacker International Airport, Don Scott Airport (run by OSU), and Bolton Field Airport.
According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 550.5 km² (212.6 mi²). 544.6 km² (210.3 mi²) of it is land and 5.9 km² (2.3 mi²) of it is water. The total area is 1.07% water. Unlike many other major US cities, Columbus continues to expand its reach by way of extensions and annexations, making it one of the fastest growing large cities in the nation, both in geography and population.
The confluence of the Scioto and Olentangy Rivers occurs just outside of downtown Columbus. Several smaller tributaries course through the Columbus metro area, including Alum Creek, Big Walnut Creek, and Darby Creek. By and large, Columbus is fairly flat, with ravine areas around the rivers and creeks, although the land begins to rise to the east and southeast as you approach the Appalachian Mountains.
The greater Columbus area includes many smaller cities, mostly within the Interstate 270 Outerbelt. On the north, these include Worthington, Dublin, New Albany, and Westerville; on the west, Grandview Heights, Galloway, Plain City, West Jefferson, Upper Arlington, and Hilliard; on the south, Canal Winchester, Grove City, Obetz, Circleville, Lithopolis, and Groveport; and on the east, Bexley, Reynoldsburg, Gahanna, Blacklick, Whitehall, Pataskala, and Pickerington. These form a patchwork of jurisdictions, perforating and interrupting the discontinuous and ever-changing city limits of Columbus.
Columbus also has a number of distinctive neighborhoods within the metro area. The Short North area, immediately north of downtown Columbus, is rich with art galleries, as well as pubs and specialty shops. German Village, the largest privately funded historic district on the National Register of Historic Places, was formed by early German settlers and is still composed of 19th century houses, as is Victorian Village. The OSU Campus area has a high concentration of students during the in-session months (perhaps as many as 30,000), and is eclectic and ever-changing to the whims of the student body. Clintonville is nestled between the OSU campus area and the suburb of Worthington to the north and consists of a mix of middle class Levittown type homes and beautiful old stone and brick-faced houses on rolling hills. San Margherita was formed by Italian immigrants at the turn of the 20th century. Linden, to the east of Columbus, is one of the city's oldest neighborhoods. Franklinton, aka "The Bottoms", is the neighborhood immediately to the west of downtown, which gets its colorful nickname due to the fact that much of the land is below the level of the Scioto and Olentangy Rivers and requires a floodwall to contain the rivers and protect the area from devastating floods. Franklinton also has the distinction of being the oldest--in fact the very first--settlement in central Ohio, originally founded in 1797. Just to the west of Franklinton is a group of smaller neighborhoods commonly referred to as "The Hilltop". Other neighborhoods include: Marble Cliff, Valleyview, New Rome, Briggsdale, Urbancrest, Linden, Eastmoor, Minerva Park, Huber Ridge, Mifflinville, Linworth, Riverlea, Olentangy, Amlin, Lincoln Village, and Alton.
The Ohio Statehouse (illustration, right) was begun in 1839 on a 10 acre (40,000 m²) plot of land donated by four prominent Columbus landowners to form Capitol Square, not part of the original layout of the city. The Statehouse stands upon foundations 18 feet (5 m) deep, which were laid by prison labor gangs, rumored to have been swelled by masons jailed for minor infractions [1] (http://www.statehouse.state.oh.us/statehouse/index.cfm). The Statehouse features a central recessed porch with a colonnade of a forthright and primitive Greek Doric mode, built of Columbus limestone that was quarried on the west banks of the Scioto River. A broad and low central pediment supports the windowed astylar drum, under an invisibly low saucer dome, that lights the interior rotunda. Unlike many US state capitol buildings, the Ohio State Capitol owes little to the architecture of the National Capitol. During the long course of the Statehouse's 22 years of construction, seven architects were employed. Relations between the legislature and the architects were not always cordial: Nathan B. Kelly, who introduced heating and an ingenious system of natural forced ventilation, was dismissed because the commissioners found his designs were too lavish for the original intentions of the committee. The Statehouse was opened to the legislature and the public in 1857, and finally complete in 1861.
Columbus Museum of ArtThe Columbus Museum of Art opened in 1931, with a collection focusing on European and American art up to early modernism. Downtown Columbus also boasts the Franklin Park Conservatory, which was also home to Ameriflora '92, and a to-scale replica of the Santa Maria on the Scioto Riverfront that was installed to commemorate the 500-year anniversary of the discovery of America by Columbus' namesake. Columbus also includes the Center of Science and Industry (COSI), a notable science museum; and the museum of the Ohio Historical Society.
To some extent, the Ohio State University is a museum unto itself with its rich history and roots in the Columbus psyche, but it does host a number of museums and museum-like exhibits. Notable among these are the Wexner Center for the Arts, a contemporary art gallery and research facility located on the OSU campus, the Ohio State University Athletics Hall of Fame located in the Schottenstein Center (home of the OSU basketball and hockey teams).
The Ohio Historical Society is headquartered in Columbus, with its flagship museum, the 250,000 square foot (23,000 m²) Ohio Historical Center, located just four miles (6 km) north of downtown.
Columbus is also home to a top-ranked library system, as well as several top-ranked independent libraries (Hennen’s American Public Library Ratings).
The Columbus Zoo is world-renowned, and its director emeritus, Jack Hanna, frequently appears on national television, including The Tonight Show and The Late Show with David Letterman.
Columbus is home to several world class buildings, including the Greek-Revival State Capitol, and the Peter Eisenman-designed Wexner Center and Columbus Convention Center.
By far, the sports team that draws the most attention in Columbus is the Ohio State Buckeyes football team (2002 NCAA Champions). Games are played from late August through late November (and usually in early January), with home games at Ohio Stadium in front of over 100,000 crazed Buckeye fans. Tailgating at OSU home games has become an event in and of itself, with as many as 30,000 more people partying during the game in the parking lots and at controlled events on Lane Avenue such as Hineygate and the Varsity Club street party. The OSU-Michigan football game is the final game of the regular season and is played in November each year (alternating between Columbus and Ann Arbor, Michigan). It is easily the biggest annual event in the city, with an estimated 80% to 90% share of television viewers in the Columbus market, and is one of the greatest rivalries in all sports.
Columbus is also home to many professional sports teams, including the Columbus Crew (Major League Soccer), Columbus Clippers (minor league baseball), Columbus Blue Jackets (National Hockey League), and Columbus Destroyers (Arena Football League). For its GMP and population growth rate, however, Columbus notably does not have a major league baseball, basketball, or football team. This can be explained in part by the city's proximity to both Cincinnati (100 miles) and Cleveland (125 miles), which have five major league teams between them, the Cleveland Browns, Cincinnati Bengals, Cleveland Indians, Cincinnati Reds, and Cleveland Cavaliers. All five teams have a following in Columbus, with the baseball and football fans fairly evenly split between the two cities, although a sizeable Pittsburgh Steelers fanbase exists as well.
There are several major concert venues in Columbus, including Nationwide Arena (home of the Blue Jackets and the Destroyers), the Schottenstein Center (also home to OSU's men's and women's basketball and men's ice hockey teams), and Ohio Stadium. Columbus also has a number of medium sized venues including the Palace Theatre, the Ohio Theatre (home of the Columbus Symphony Orchestra), the Southern Theatre, Franklin County Veterans Memorial hall, and PromoWest Pavilion. Germain Ampitheater (formerly Polaris Ampitheater) is located north of the city, and hosts large outdoor concerts during the warmer months. The Newport Music Hall, located in the OSU campus neighborhood, is a smaller venue, but highly respected among upcoming artists and the alternative music scene. It is the regular venue of notable local band Ekoostik Hookah, and musicians such as Smashing Pumpkins and Sarah McLachlan played at Newport before achieving fame.
Columbus also hosts the annual Arnold Classic weightlifting and fitness exposition in late February, hosted by Arnold Schwarzenegger, as well as the annual Quarterhorse Congress. Both of these conventions are very large draws of tourists to Columbus.
Much of the growth in entertainment capacity in Columbus has been recent. The expansion of Ohio Stadium to over 100,000 in capacity, and the construction of the Crew Stadium (America's first soccer-specific stadium), Nationwide Arena, the Schottenstein Center, the Greater Columbus Convention Center, and the PromoWest Pavilion are all projects completed since 1990.
For shopping, Columbus has the Polaris Fashion Center, Tuttle Mall, Westland Mall, Eastland Mall, and City Center Mall. For parks and recreation, Columbus has Schiller Park, Westgate Park, Big Run Park, Dodge Park, Franklin Park Conservatory, Wolfe Park, Nelson Park, Civic Park, Griggs Reservoir Park, Highbanks Metro Park, Sharon Woods Metro Park, and Mock Park.
Annual festivities in Columbus include the Ohio State Fair—one of the largest state fairs in the country; the Columbus Arts Festival and the Jazz and Ribs Festival, both of which occur on the downtown waterfront. ComFest (http://www.comfest.com/) (short for "community festival") is an immense three-day gathering in Goodale Park (just north of downtown Columbus) with art vendors and live music on multiple stages, hundreds of local social and political organizations, body painting, and enough beer to quench anyone's thirst. Coinciding with the weekend of ComFest is the large Gay Pride Parade, reflective of the sizeable gay population in Columbus. Around the Fourth of July, Columbus hosts Red, White, and Boom (http://columbusoh.about.com/library/bljul01.htm), the largest fireworks display in the midwest on the riverfront downtown to crowds of over 500,000 people, as well as the popular "Doo Dah Parade", a nonsensical satire of ordinary parades. The Origins International Game Expo is held around the first week of July. The Short North is host to the monthly "Gallery Hop", which attracts hundreds to the neighborhood's art galleries (which all open their doors to the public until late at night) and street musicians. German Village (http://germanvillage.com/) has an annual Oktoberfest celebration featuring 32 bands, authentic German food, and various other festival activities.
As of the census2 of 2000, there are 711,470 people, 301,534 households, and 165,240 families residing in the city. The population density is 1,306.4/km² (3,383.6/mi²). There are 327,175 housing units at an average density of 600.8/km² (1,556.0/mi²). The racial makeup of the city is 67.93% White, 24.47% Black or African American, 0.29% Native American, 3.44% Asian, 0.05% Pacific Islander, 1.17% from other races, and 2.65% from two or more races. 2.46% of the population are Hispanic or Latino of any race.
There are 301,534 households out of which 28.0% have children under the age of 18 living with them, 36.1% are married couples living together, 14.5% have a female householder with no husband present, and 45.2% are non-families. 34.1% of all households are made up of individuals and 7.0% have someone living alone who is 65 years of age or older. The average household size is 2.30 and the average family size is 3.01.
In the city the population is spread out with 24.2% under the age of 18, 14.0% from 18 to 24, 35.1% from 25 to 44, 17.9% from 45 to 64, and 8.9% who are 65 years of age or older. The median age is 31 years. For every 100 females there are 94.6 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there are 91.9 males.
The median income for a household in the city is $37,897, and the median income for a family is $47,391. Males have a median income of $35,138 versus $28,705 for females. The per capita income for the city is $20,450. 14.8% of the population and 10.8% of families are below the poverty line. Out of the total population, 18.7% of those under the age of 18 and 10.9% of those 65 and older are living below the poverty line.
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Out of the total population, 18.7% of those under the age of 18 and 10.9% of those 65 and older are living below the poverty line. (as of June 5, 2005). 14.8% of the population and 10.8% of families are below the poverty line. To poke fun at this nickname, they wear foam triangles made to look like cheese on their heads, which further re-enforces the "cheesehead" designation. The per capita income for the city is $20,450. Packers fans are commonly known as "cheeseheads," presumably because Wisconsin is known for its cheese production. Males have a median income of $35,138 versus $28,705 for females. The Packers also draw the largest national TV audiences for the NFL's Monday Night Football telecasts. The median income for a household in the city is $37,897, and the median income for a family is $47,391. For this reason, it is not unusual for fans to designate a recipient of their season tickets in their wills. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there are 91.9 males. That is, someone who entered their name on the waiting list for Packers season tickets in 1970 is just now coming to the top of the list in 2004. For every 100 females there are 94.6 males. The current wait time for season tickets is approximately 35 years. The median age is 31 years. No matter how good or poor the season, Lambeau Field has been a sellout every game for years; the Packers have one of the longest waiting lists for season tickets in professional sports. In the city the population is spread out with 24.2% under the age of 18, 14.0% from 18 to 24, 35.1% from 25 to 44, 17.9% from 45 to 64, and 8.9% who are 65 years of age or older. In recent decades, the Packers have found themselves with an extremely dedicated fan base. The average household size is 2.30 and the average family size is 3.01. The Super Bowl trophy was ultimately named the Vince Lombardi Trophy in recognition of his and his team's accomplishment. 34.1% of all households are made up of individuals and 7.0% have someone living alone who is 65 years of age or older. Green Bay won the first two Super Bowls. There are 301,534 households out of which 28.0% have children under the age of 18 living with them, 36.1% are married couples living together, 14.5% have a female householder with no husband present, and 45.2% are non-families. Coach Vince Lombardi took over a last-place team and built it into a juggernaut, winning five league championships over a seven-year span. 2.46% of the population are Hispanic or Latino of any race. The Green Bay Packers of the 1960s were one of the most dominant NFL teams of all time. The racial makeup of the city is 67.93% White, 24.47% Black or African American, 0.29% Native American, 3.44% Asian, 0.05% Pacific Islander, 1.17% from other races, and 2.65% from two or more races. They are also the only professional football team to win three straight titles, which they did twice (1929, 1930, 1931, and 1965, 1966, 1967). There are 327,175 housing units at an average density of 600.8/km² (1,556.0/mi²). The Packers have won more league championships (twelve, including three Super Bowls) than any other professional football team. The population density is 1,306.4/km² (3,383.6/mi²). The balance of the committee is sitting gratis. As of the census2 of 2000, there are 711,470 people, 301,534 households, and 165,240 families residing in the city. The president is the only officer who receives compensation. German Village (http://germanvillage.com/) has an annual Oktoberfest celebration featuring 32 bands, authentic German food, and various other festival activities. The board of directors in turn elect a seven-member Executive Committee (officers) of the corporation, consisting of a president, vice president, treasurer, secretary and three members-at-large. The Short North is host to the monthly "Gallery Hop", which attracts hundreds to the neighborhood's art galleries (which all open their doors to the public until late at night) and street musicians. As a means of running the corporation, a board of directors is elected by the stockholders. The Origins International Game Expo is held around the first week of July. No shareholder is allowed to own more than 200,000 shares, a safeguard to ensure that no one individual is able to assume control of the club. Around the Fourth of July, Columbus hosts Red, White, and Boom (http://columbusoh.about.com/library/bljul01.htm), the largest fireworks display in the midwest on the riverfront downtown to crowds of over 500,000 people, as well as the popular "Doo Dah Parade", a nonsensical satire of ordinary parades. Presently, 111,507 people (representing 4,748,910 shares) can lay claim to a franchise ownership interest. Shares of stock include voting rights, but the redemption price is minimal, no dividends are ever paid, the stock cannot appreciate in value, and there are no season ticket privileges associated with stock ownership. Coinciding with the weekend of ComFest is the large Gay Pride Parade, reflective of the sizeable gay population in Columbus. Priced at $200 per share, fans bought 120,010 shares during the 17-week sale, which ended March 16, 1998. ComFest (http://www.comfest.com/) (short for "community festival") is an immense three-day gathering in Goodale Park (just north of downtown Columbus) with art vendors and live music on multiple stages, hundreds of local social and political organizations, body painting, and enough beer to quench anyone's thirst. It added 105,989 new shareholders and raised more than $24 million, monies which were utilized for the Lambeau Field redevelopment project. Annual festivities in Columbus include the Ohio State Fair—one of the largest state fairs in the country; the Columbus Arts Festival and the Jazz and Ribs Festival, both of which occur on the downtown waterfront. Another stock sale occurred late in 1997 and early in 1998. For parks and recreation, Columbus has Schiller Park, Westgate Park, Big Run Park, Dodge Park, Franklin Park Conservatory, Wolfe Park, Nelson Park, Civic Park, Griggs Reservoir Park, Highbanks Metro Park, Sharon Woods Metro Park, and Mock Park. In 1956, area voters approved the construction of a new stadium, which would later be called Lambeau Field. For shopping, Columbus has the Polaris Fashion Center, Tuttle Mall, Westland Mall, Eastland Mall, and City Center Mall. In 1950, the Packers held a stock sale to again raise money to support the team. The expansion of Ohio Stadium to over 100,000 in capacity, and the construction of the Crew Stadium (America's first soccer-specific stadium), Nationwide Arena, the Schottenstein Center, the Greater Columbus Convention Center, and the PromoWest Pavilion are all projects completed since 1990. The beneficiary was changed from the Sullivan-Wallen Post to the Green Bay Packers Foundation on the basis of a shareholder vote at the November 1997 meeting. Much of the growth in entertainment capacity in Columbus has been recent. Based on the original 'Articles of Incorporation for the (then) Green Bay Football Corporation' put into place in 1923, if the Packers franchise was sold, after the payment of all expenses, any remaining monies would go to the Sullivan-Wallen Post of the American Legion in order to build "a proper soldier's memorial." This stipulation was enacted to ensure that the club remained in Green Bay and that there could never be any financial enhancement for the shareholder. Both of these conventions are very large draws of tourists to Columbus. The Packers did not move their entire home schedule to Green Bay until 1995. Columbus also hosts the annual Arnold Classic weightlifting and fitness exposition in late February, hosted by Arnold Schwarzenegger, as well as the annual Quarterhorse Congress. However, the Packers have long had a large following throughout the state of Wisconsin; in fact, for decades, the Packers played several home games each year in Milwaukee. It is the regular venue of notable local band Ekoostik Hookah, and musicians such as Smashing Pumpkins and Sarah McLachlan played at Newport before achieving fame. By comparison, the typical NFL football city must be populated in the millions to support a team. The Newport Music Hall, located in the OSU campus neighborhood, is a smaller venue, but highly respected among upcoming artists and the alternative music scene. The typical scenario is a team owned by one person; thus, a "team owner." It has been speculated that this is one of the reasons the Green Bay Packers have never been moved from the city of Green Bay, a city of just over 100,000 people. Germain Ampitheater (formerly Polaris Ampitheater) is located north of the city, and hosts large outdoor concerts during the warmer months. The Packers are now the only publicly owned company with shares to buy and sell and a board of directors in American professional sports. Columbus also has a number of medium sized venues including the Palace Theatre, the Ohio Theatre (home of the Columbus Symphony Orchestra), the Southern Theatre, Franklin County Veterans Memorial hall, and PromoWest Pavilion. The financial backers, known as the "Hungry Five," formed the Green Bay Football Corporation. There are several major concert venues in Columbus, including Nationwide Arena (home of the Blue Jackets and the Destroyers), the Schottenstein Center (also home to OSU's men's and women's basketball and men's ice hockey teams), and Ohio Stadium. The Packers found new backers the next year and regained the franchise. All five teams have a following in Columbus, with the baseball and football fans fairly evenly split between the two cities, although a sizeable Pittsburgh Steelers fanbase exists as well. Financial troubles plagued the team and the franchise was lost the same year. This can be explained in part by the city's proximity to both Cincinnati (100 miles) and Cleveland (125 miles), which have five major league teams between them, the Cleveland Browns, Cincinnati Bengals, Cleveland Indians, Cincinnati Reds, and Cleveland Cavaliers. The Packers became a professional franchise in 1921. For its GMP and population growth rate, however, Columbus notably does not have a major league baseball, basketball, or football team. This color scheme leads to the common Packers nickname, "The Green and Gold". Columbus is also home to many professional sports teams, including the Columbus Crew (Major League Soccer), Columbus Clippers (minor league baseball), Columbus Blue Jackets (National Hockey League), and Columbus Destroyers (Arena Football League). The colors where later changed to the current green and gold/yellow. It is easily the biggest annual event in the city, with an estimated 80% to 90% share of television viewers in the Columbus market, and is one of the greatest rivalries in all sports. Lambeau, a Notre Dame alum, chose the teams' colors of blue and gold/yellow from his alma mater. The OSU-Michigan football game is the final game of the regular season and is played in November each year (alternating between Columbus and Ann Arbor, Michigan). Although the Indian Packing Company only supported the team through part of its first season, the Green Bay football club has always been known as the Packers. Tailgating at OSU home games has become an event in and of itself, with as many as 30,000 more people partying during the game in the parking lots and at controlled events on Lane Avenue such as Hineygate and the Varsity Club street party. Curly Lambeau, the team's founder, solicited funds for uniforms from his employer, the Indian Packing Company. Games are played from late August through late November (and usually in early January), with home games at Ohio Stadium in front of over 100,000 crazed Buckeye fans. The Green Bay Packers were founded on August 11, 1919. By far, the sports team that draws the most attention in Columbus is the Ohio State Buckeyes football team (2002 NCAA Champions). The Green Bay Packers are a National Football League team based in Green Bay, Wisconsin. Columbus is home to several world class buildings, including the Greek-Revival State Capitol, and the Peter Eisenman-designed Wexner Center and Columbus Convention Center. Note: Basketball teams from Chicago and Anderson once used the name Packers as well.. The Columbus Zoo is world-renowned, and its director emeritus, Jack Hanna, frequently appears on national television, including The Tonight Show and The Late Show with David Letterman. Tony Bennett. Columbus is also home to a top-ranked library system, as well as several top-ranked independent libraries (Hennen’s American Public Library Ratings). Vince Workman. The Ohio Historical Society is headquartered in Columbus, with its flagship museum, the 250,000 square foot (23,000 m²) Ohio Historical Center, located just four miles (6 km) north of downtown. Chris Jacke. Notable among these are the Wexner Center for the Arts, a contemporary art gallery and research facility located on the OSU campus, the Ohio State University Athletics Hall of Fame located in the Schottenstein Center (home of the OSU basketball and hockey teams). John Brockington. To some extent, the Ohio State University is a museum unto itself with its rich history and roots in the Columbus psyche, but it does host a number of museums and museum-like exhibits. Sterling Sharpe. Columbus also includes the Center of Science and Industry (COSI), a notable science museum; and the museum of the Ohio Historical Society. Eugene Robinson. Downtown Columbus also boasts the Franklin Park Conservatory, which was also home to Ameriflora '92, and a to-scale replica of the Santa Maria on the Scioto Riverfront that was installed to commemorate the 500-year anniversary of the discovery of America by Columbus' namesake. Bryce Paup. The Columbus Museum of Art opened in 1931, with a collection focusing on European and American art up to early modernism. Steve McMichael. The Statehouse was opened to the legislature and the public in 1857, and finally complete in 1861. Don Majkowski. Kelly, who introduced heating and an ingenious system of natural forced ventilation, was dismissed because the commissioners found his designs were too lavish for the original intentions of the committee. Dorsey Levens. During the long course of the Statehouse's 22 years of construction, seven architects were employed. Relations between the legislature and the architects were not always cordial: Nathan B. Mark Lee. Unlike many US state capitol buildings, the Ohio State Capitol owes little to the architecture of the National Capitol. Jerry Kramer (author of Instant Replay). A broad and low central pediment supports the windowed astylar drum, under an invisibly low saucer dome, that lights the interior rotunda. Sean Jones. The Statehouse features a central recessed porch with a colonnade of a forthright and primitive Greek Doric mode, built of Columbus limestone that was quarried on the west banks of the Scioto River. Tim Harris. The Statehouse stands upon foundations 18 feet (5 m) deep, which were laid by prison labor gangs, rumored to have been swelled by masons jailed for minor infractions [1] (http://www.statehouse.state.oh.us/statehouse/index.cfm). Antonio Freeman. The Ohio Statehouse (illustration, right) was begun in 1839 on a 10 acre (40,000 m²) plot of land donated by four prominent Columbus landowners to form Capitol Square, not part of the original layout of the city. Lynn Dickey. Other neighborhoods include: Marble Cliff, Valleyview, New Rome, Briggsdale, Urbancrest, Linden, Eastmoor, Minerva Park, Huber Ridge, Mifflinville, Linworth, Riverlea, Olentangy, Amlin, Lincoln Village, and Alton. Mark Chmura. Just to the west of Franklinton is a group of smaller neighborhoods commonly referred to as "The Hilltop". Chuck Cecil. Franklinton also has the distinction of being the oldest--in fact the very first--settlement in central Ohio, originally founded in 1797. LeRoy Butler. Linden, to the east of Columbus, is one of the city's oldest neighborhoods. Franklinton, aka "The Bottoms", is the neighborhood immediately to the west of downtown, which gets its colorful nickname due to the fact that much of the land is below the level of the Scioto and Olentangy Rivers and requires a floodwall to contain the rivers and protect the area from devastating floods. Robert Brooks. San Margherita was formed by Italian immigrants at the turn of the 20th century. Edgar Bennett. Clintonville is nestled between the OSU campus area and the suburb of Worthington to the north and consists of a mix of middle class Levittown type homes and beautiful old stone and brick-faced houses on rolling hills. 2005 Aaron Rodgers. The OSU Campus area has a high concentration of students during the in-session months (perhaps as many as 30,000), and is eclectic and ever-changing to the whims of the student body. 2004 Ahmad Carroll. German Village, the largest privately funded historic district on the National Register of Historic Places, was formed by early German settlers and is still composed of 19th century houses, as is Victorian Village. 2003 Nick Barnett. The Short North area, immediately north of downtown Columbus, is rich with art galleries, as well as pubs and specialty shops. 2002 Javon Walker. Columbus also has a number of distinctive neighborhoods within the metro area. 2001 Jamal Reynolds. These form a patchwork of jurisdictions, perforating and interrupting the discontinuous and ever-changing city limits of Columbus. 2000 Bubba Franks. On the north, these include Worthington, Dublin, New Albany, and Westerville; on the west, Grandview Heights, Galloway, Plain City, West Jefferson, Upper Arlington, and Hilliard; on the south, Canal Winchester, Grove City, Obetz, Circleville, Lithopolis, and Groveport; and on the east, Bexley, Reynoldsburg, Gahanna, Blacklick, Whitehall, Pataskala, and Pickerington. 1999 Antuan Edwards. The greater Columbus area includes many smaller cities, mostly within the Interstate 270 Outerbelt. 1998 Vonnie Holliday. By and large, Columbus is fairly flat, with ravine areas around the rivers and creeks, although the land begins to rise to the east and southeast as you approach the Appalachian Mountains. 1997 Ross Verba. Several smaller tributaries course through the Columbus metro area, including Alum Creek, Big Walnut Creek, and Darby Creek. 1996 John Michels. The confluence of the Scioto and Olentangy Rivers occurs just outside of downtown Columbus. 1995 Craig Newsome. Unlike many other major US cities, Columbus continues to expand its reach by way of extensions and annexations, making it one of the fastest growing large cities in the nation, both in geography and population. 1994 Aaron Taylor. The total area is 1.07% water. 1993 Wayne Simmons and George Teague. 544.6 km² (210.3 mi²) of it is land and 5.9 km² (2.3 mi²) of it is water. 1992 Terrell Buckley. According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 550.5 km² (212.6 mi²). 1991 Vinnie Clark. Columbus is served by Port Columbus International Airport, Rickenbacker International Airport, Don Scott Airport (run by OSU), and Bolton Field Airport. 1990 Tony Bennett and Darrell Thompson. (after Phoenix) without passenger rail service. 1989 Tony Mandarich. Columbus is now the second largest city in the U.S. 1988 Sterling Sharpe. Columbus used to have a major train station downtown called Union Station (http://home.columbus.rr.com/unionstation), however it was razed in the late 1970s. 1987 Brent Fullwood. Columbus does not have a metro or other passenger rail system, but does maintain a widespread municipal bus service called the Central Ohio Transit Authority (COTA). 1986 Traded away. Besides High Street and Broad Street, major thoroughfares in Columbus include Main Street, Morse Road, Dublin-Granville Road (aka SR-161), Cleveland Avenue/Westerville Road (aka SR-3), Olentangy River Road, Riverside Drive, Sunbury Road, and Livingston Avenue. 1985 Ken Ruettgers. This rigid street grid breaks down the further out one goes, particularly in the suburbs (mostly old towns with their own street plans still intact) and the newer subdivisions. 1984 Alphonso Carreker. Much of the city street numbering plan originates at their intersection in mid-downtown (the Ohio Statehouse building sits at the corner of Broad and High, incidentally), so house numbers increase with distance from downtown. 1983 Tim Lewis. The city's street plan--originating in the oldest parts of the city, that is downtown and the immediate vicinity--is a roughly gridiron model bisected north-south by High Street and east-west by Broad Street. 1982 Ron Hallstrom. Due to its central location within Ohio and abundance of outbound roadways, nearly all of the state's destinations are within a 2-hour drive of Columbus. 1981 Rich Campbell. The Interstate 270 Outerbelt encircles the vast majority of Columbus and its suburbs, while the newly redesigned Innerbelt consists of the Interstate 670 spur on the north side (which continues to the east past the airport and to the west where it merges with I-270), State Route 315 on the west side, the I-70/71 split on the south side, and I-71 on the east. 1980 Bruce Clark and George Cumby. Highway 33 runs northwest-to-southeast. 1979 Eddie Lee Ivory. Highway 23 runs roughly north-south, while U.S. 1978 James Lofton and John Anderson. U.S. 1977 Mike Butler and Morris Brown. It is also widely recognized as the nation's first highway. 1976 Mark Koncar. Highway 40, aka National Road, runs east-west through Columbus, comprising Main Street to the east of downtown and Broad Street to the west. 1975 Traded away. U.S. 1974 Barty Smith. The two Interstates combine downtown for about 1.5 miles in an area locally known as "The Split", which is a major traffic congestion point within Columbus, especially during rush hour. 1973 Barry Smith. Columbus is bisected by two major Interstate highways, Interstate 70 running east-west, and Interstate 71 running north to roughly southwest. 1972 Willie Buchanon and Jerry Tagge. Completed in 1993, the convention center spanned nearly 600,000 square feet (56,000 m²) at the time, and has recently been expanded. 1971 John Brockington. The convention center was designed by famed architect Peter Eisenman, who also designed the renowned Wexner Center, also located in Columbus at the campus of The Ohio State University. 1970 Mike McCoy and Rich McGeorge. Columbus also hosts many conventions in the Greater Columbus Convention Center, a pastel-colored building on the north edge of downtown that resembles jumbled blocks, or a train yard from overhead. 1969 Rich Moore. Columbus is also home to the Chemical Abstracts Service, making it one of the world's leading centers for scientific information distribution. 1968 Fred Carr and Bill Lueck. UPS has a large distribution center on the west side of the city. 1967 Bob Hyland and Don Horn. has large offices within Columbus as well. 1966 Jim Grabowski and Gale Gillingham. McGraw-Hill Inc. 1965 Donny Anderson and Larry Elkins. Budweiser has a major brewery located on the north side of the city. 1964 Lloyd Voss. CompuServe still has its roots in Columbus, although it has been owned by AOL since 1998. 1963 Dave Robinson. Morgan Chase & Co., which announced a merger with Bank One in 2004, has a large mortgage servicing unit in the city. 1962 Earl Gros. J.P. 1961 Herb Adderly. Bank One, which used to be headquartered in Columbus prior to the merger with First Chicago-NBD, still has a major presence in Columbus. 1960 Tom Moore. Honda has its North American auto plant in Marysville to the northwest of Columbus and produces all of the Honda Accords, Civics, motorcycles and many of Acura's models for the North American market. 1959 Randy Duncan. In addition to these companies, many companies have a major presence in the Columbus area. 1958 Dan Currie. The Ross Products Division of Abbott Laboratories, makers of Ensure nutritional drink and Similac infant formula, is also headquartered in Columbus, with over 7,000 employees. 1957 Paul Hornung and Ron Kramer. corporation prior to its acquisition and subsequent divestiture) is located downtown as well. 1956 Jack Losch. Borden Chemical (formerly part of the Borden, Inc. 1955 Tom Bettis. Huntington Bancshares also has its headquarters in the downtown area. 1954 Art Hunter and Veryl Switzer. Cardinal Health has its headquarters in the northwest suburb of Dublin. 1953 Al Carmichael. Two fast food chains have their homebase in the Columbus metro area as well, Wendy's and White Castle, with Wendy's still operating their first store downtown as both a museum and a working restaurant. 1952 Babe Parilli. Worthington Steel is primarily located on the north side of the metro area in the Worthington suburb. 1951 Bob Gain. Limited Brands (formerly known as The Limited, Inc.) is located on the east side of the city and is the parent company of the retail stores The Limited, Express, Victoria's Secret, and Bath & Body Works, among others. 1950 Clayton Tonnemaker. Nationwide Insurance makes its home downtown in a large, multi-building complex that dominates the northern end of the downtown area. 1949 Stan Heath. Columbus is the headquarters for a number of businesses as well. 1948 Earl "Jug" Girard. However, it is by no means a majority. 1947 Ernie Case. Including city, state, and jobs at the public Ohio State University, government jobs provide the largest single source of employment within Columbus. 1946 Johnny Strzyalski. As Columbus is the capital of the state of Ohio, there is a large government presence in the city. 1945 Walt Schlinkman. Notable private schools within Columbus include Columbus School for Girls, Bishop Watterson High School, Bishop Ready High School, DeSales High School, Worthington Christian High School, Saint Charles Preparatory School, and the Columbus Academy and Bishop Hartley High School. 1944 Merv Pregulman. CPS offers many alternative schools as well, such as Columbus Alternative High school, Fort Hayes and Ecole Kenwood. 1943 Dick Wildung. Columbus Public Schools dominate the K-12 primary school landscape, with each of the suburbs also having fairly large districts as well, sometimes overlapping municipal boundaries. 1942 Urban Odson. Also located in Columbus and its metro area are Ohio Wesleyan University in Delaware, Capital University in Bexley, Franklin University, the Columbus College of Art and Design (CCAD), Otterbein College in Westerville, DeVry University, Ohio Dominican University, and Columbus State Community College. 1941 George Paskvan. Columbus is the home of The Ohio State University, which has the distinction of being the largest single campus in the United States with a 48,003 total enrollment according to the OSU Office of University Relations. 1940 Hal Van Every. See also: List of Mayors of Columbus, Ohio. 1939 Larry Buhler. It also extends into Delaware and Fairfield counties. 1938 Cecil Isbell. Columbus is the county seat of Franklin County. 1937 Ed Jankowski. With regard to Combined Statistical Areas (and including Chilicothe and Marion), Columbus ranks 24th in the country with 1.84M, behind #19 Cincinnati (2.05M) and #14 Cleveland-Akron (2.95M). 1936 Russ Letlow. census estimates, in Ohio only the metropolitan areas of Cleveland (2.15M) and Cincinnati (2.01M) are larger than the Columbus metropolitan area, which has a population of 1,612,694 (2000 census, 31st largest in the United States). Reggie White #92 (While Reggie White's jersey has been retired since 1999, his number will be retired at halftime ceremonies during the September 18, 2005 game, commemorating his untimely death on December 26, 2004.) [1] (http://www.packers.com/news/releases/2005/05/31/1/). According to recent U.S. Ray Nitschke #66. The city is the most populous in the state, with a population of 711,470 as of the 2000 census, and the heart of the third largest metropolitan area. Bart Starr #15. Columbus is the capital of the state of Ohio in the United States of America. Don Hutson #14. Dwight Yoakam, singer. Tony Canadeo #3. Nancy Wilson, singer. Zac Woodfin. Leslie Wexner, businessman and major city philanthropist. Walt Williams. James Thurber, cartoonist and humorist. Corey Williams. Twyla Tharp, dancer. Chaz Williams. Stine, author. Will Witticker. L. Chris White. R. Scott Wells. Schlesinger, Jr., historian and writer. Donnell Washington. Arthur M. Javon Walker. Matthew Rush (porn star), well-known (gay) adult film star. Marviel Underwood. Eddie Rickenbacker, World War I fighter pilot, "Ace of Aces". R-Kal Truluk. Gigi Rice, actress. Leigh Torrence. Bobby Rahal, race-car driver, winner of the Indianapolis 500. Andrae Thurman. Tom Poston, actor (George the handy-man from TV show Newhart). Ray Thompson. Jack Nicklaus, winner of a record eighteen golf majors. Joey Thomas. Air Force general. Mark Tauscher. Curtis LeMay, World War II and Cold War U.S. Ben Steele. Elsie Janus, singer, broadway headliner and actress. Chris Samp. Paul Hamm, Olympic Gold Medal Winner 2004 (attending the Ohio State University). Grey Ruegamer. Morgan Hamm, Olympic Medal Winner 2004 (attending the Ohio State University). Mark Roman. Woody Hayes, football coach. Aaron Rodgers. Dodie Goodman, actress (Mary Hartman, Mary Hartman). Chris Robertson. James "Buster" Douglas, former heavyweight boxing champion after defeating Mike Tyson. Brady Poppinga. Henry Beecher Dierdorff mining engineer and inventor. Kenny Peterson. Beverly D'Angelo, actress. JT O'Sulivan. Chase, Chief Justice, Treasury Secretary, Governor and Senator. Matt O'Dwyer. Salmon P. Hannibal Navies. Bush, respectively. Craig Nall. Bush and George W. Terrence Murphey. W. Michael Montgomery. Prescott Bush, US Senator, father and grandfather of Presidents George H. sean McHugh. Bow Wow, formerly known as "Lil' Bow Wow" musician. David Martin. Warner Baxter, actress. Roy Manning. Majel Barrett, actress. Nick Luchey. Ryan Longwell. Earl Little. AJ Lindsay. Paris Lenon. James Lee. Vonta Leach. Adrian Klemm. Aaron Kampman. Chris Johnson. Cullen Jenkins. Grady Jackson. Cletidus Hunt. Jason Horton. Atlas Herrion. William Henderson. Mike Hawkins. Al Harris. Ahman Green. Kabeer Gbaja-Biamila. Arturo Freeman. Todd Franz. Bubba Franks. Mike Flanagan. Tony Fisher. Robert Furguson. Brett Favre. Donald Driver. Na'il Diggs. Patrick Dendy. Rob Davis. Najeh Davenport. Brenan Curtan. Garrett Cross. Junius Coston. Nick Collins. Colin Cole. Chad Clifton. Antonio Chatman. Ahmad Carroll. Kurt Campbell. Vince Butler. Craig Bragg. Bryce Benekos. Brad Bedell. kevin Barry. Nick Barnett. Brooks Barnard. Willie Wood. Emlen Tunnell. Jim Taylor. Jan Stenerud. Bart Starr. Jim Ringo. Ray Nitschke. Mike Michalske. John (Blood) McNally. Vince Lombardi. James Lofton. Earl (Curly) Lambeau. Walt Kiesling. Henry Jordan. Don Hutson. Cal Hubbard. Paul Hornung. Clarke Hinkle. Arnie Herber. Ted Hendricks. Forrest Gregg. Len Ford. Willie Davis. Tony Canadeo. Herb Adderly. |