Automobile

The world's biggest car producer (including light trucks) is the European Union with 29% of the world's production. She released the album Live: The Farewell Tour later in 2003, a collection of live tracks taken from the tour, and could be seen playing as herself in the Farelly Brothers comedy Stuck on You (2003) with Matt Damon and Greg Kinnear. In 2005 63 million cars and light trucks were produced worldwide. In the fall of 2003, Cher won her first Emmy Award for Outstanding Variety, Music or Comedy Special. The European Union has a rigid program to cut the death toll in the EU in half by 2010 and member states have started implementing measures. It was later nominated for 7 Emmy Awards. The highest accident figures are reported in China and India. She found success on television once again in the spring of 2003 with Cher: The Farewell Tour Live From Miami.

A much higher number of accidents result in injury or permanent disability. By July, it had been certified platinum, and later, double platinum. The death toll is expected to nearly double worldwide by 2020. This album peaked at #4 on the Billboard album chart, and again extended her album chart span to over 38 years. This figure increases annually in step with rising population and increasing travel if no measures are taken, but the rate per capita and per mile travelled decreases steadily. In April of 2003, she released The Very Best of Cher, a double CD collection of all of her greatest hits spanning her entire career. Despite technological advances, there is still significant loss of life from car accidents: About 40,000 people die every year in the U.S., with similar figures in Europe. Also in 2002, she won the Dance/Club Play Artist of the Year and the special Artist Achievement Award at the Billboard Music Awards.

There are also tests run by organizations such as IIHS and backed by the insurance industry. Her performance there was 325 shows and nearly three years after the tour first began, and 40 years after Sonny and Cher had first performed there. There are standard tests for safety in new automobiles, like the EuroNCAP and the US NCAP tests. Cher finished big, performing two shows in April 2005 at the Hollywood Bowl. Since then, most research has focused on absorbing external crash energy with crushable panels and reducing the motion of human bodies in the passenger compartment. The tour became the most successful tour ever by a female artist, grossing over 250 million dollars, and playing to over 3 million people around the world, including the U.S., Mexico, Canada, Europe (16 countries), Australia, and New Zealand. Systematic research on crash safety started in 1958 at Ford Motor Company. Cher performed on New Year’s Eve in Las Vegas in both 2004 and 2005.

Brakes are hydraulic so that failures are slow leaks, rather than abrupt cable breaks. It was extended numerous times, continuing throughout all of 2003, all of 2004, and even into 2005. For example, modern engine compartments are open at the bottom so that fuel vapors, which are heavier than air, vent to the open air. Repeat performances were added in several major cities. Early safety research focused on increasing the reliability of brakes and reducing the flammability of fuel systems. Cher and her dancers made complete costume changes for almost every song and performed hits spanning her entire career. Both safety modifications of the roadway are thought to be too expensive by most funding authorities, although these modifications could dramatically increase the number of vehicles that could safely use a high-speed highway. It featured vintage performance and video clips from the 60's onward, of each of her successes in music, television, and film, all set amongst an elaborate backdrop and stage set-up, comlete with backing band, singers and dancers.

Shoulder-belted passengers could tolerate a 32G emergency stop (reducing the safe intervehicle gap 64-fold) if high-speed roads incorporated a steel rail for emergency braking. The show itself was a tribute to her nearly 40 years in show business. Automated control has been seriously proposed and successfully prototyped. The tour kicked off in June of 2002 and faced overwhelmingly positive reviews right from the start. Cars have two basic safety problems: They have human drivers who make mistakes, and the wheels lose traction near a half gravity of deceleration. In June of 2002, at the age of 56, Cher announced plans for the "Living Proof Farewell Tour", which she claimed would be the final live tour of her career, though she vowed to continue recording and releasing music. The first recorded automobile fatality was Bridget Driscoll on 1896-08-17 in London and the first in the United States was Henry Bliss on 1899-09-13 in New York City, NY. In May of 2002, Cher again performed on the HBO telvesion special Divas2002: Divas Las Vegas.

Joseph Cugnot crashed his steam-powered "Fardier" against a wall in 1770. The album was eventually certified gold. Accidents seem as old as automobile vehicles themselves. While not nearly as commercially successful as its predesessor, with no singles reaching the Top 40, Living Proof still included several re-mixed songs which found their way onto the Hot Dance, Maxi-Single Sales, Club Play and AC charts. Millions have been able to reach medical care much more quickly when transported by ambulance. This also gave Cher a Billboard album chart span of more than 37 years. Automobiles were a significant improvement in safety on a per passenger mile basis, over the horse based travel that they replaced. Living Proof entered the Billboard album chart at #9, making it her highest-charting album debut.

Other R&D efforts in alternative forms of power focus on developing fuel cells, alternative forms of combustion such as GDI and HCCI, and even the stored energy of compressed air (see water Engine). In February of 2002, still in dance mode, she released the highly anticipated follow-up to Believe. As of 2005, The car is still in production and achieves around 60 mpg. In May of 2000, Cher was presented with the Lifelong Contribution to the Music Industry Award at the World Music Awards by Steven Tyler of the rock band Aerosmith. The first hybrid vehicle available for sale in the USA was the Honda Insight. The "Believe Tour" continued throughout 2000, becoming Cher’s most successful tour. Current research and development is centered on "hybrid" vehicles that use both electric power and internal combustion. The Emmy-nominated television special Cher: Live at the MGM Grand In Las Vegas aired by year’s end.

Battery powered cars have used lead-acid batteries which are greatly damaged in their recharge capacity if discharged beyond 75% on a regular basis and NiMH batteries. Later in 1999, Cher co-starred in the critically-acclaimed Franco Zeffirelli film Tea With Mussolini (1999) with Judi Dench, Maggie Smith, Joan Plowright and Lily Tomlin before embarking on the successful worldwide "Believe Tour", which toured throughout the US, Canada, Europe, and Australia. Attempts at building viable battery-powered electric vehicles continued throughout the 1990s (notably General Motors with the EV1), but cost, speed and inadequate driving range made them uneconomical. Cher performed on the highly-rated television special Divas Live 1999, and appeared onstage in a memorable performance alongside contemporaries Tina Turner and Elton John. Brazil is the only country which produces ethanol-running cars, since the late 1970s. Cher appeared at the event with Mary Bono, who accepted the award on behalf of her late husband. In the United States, alcohol fuel was produced in corn-alcohol stills until Prohibition criminalized the production of alcohol in 1919. Sonny and Cher also received a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame for Television later in 1999.

Of course, certain measures are available to increase this efficiency, such as different camshaft configurations, altering the timing/spark output of the ignition, or simply, using a larger fuel tank. The album was also nominated in four other categories, including Record of the Year, as well as being nominated for numerous other music awards. Therefore, if your vehicle is capable of 300 miles on a 15-gallon tank, the efficiency is reduced to approximately 150 miles. Cher won her first Grammy Award in Feburary 1999 for Best Dance Recording for the song "Believe". Further, the use of higher levels of alcohol requires that the automobile carry/use twice as much. She received rave reviews for the performance. There has been some concern that the ethanol-gasoline mixtures prematurely wear down seals and gaskets. In January 1999, Cher performed "The Star-Spangled Banner" in front of tens of millions around the world for Super Bowl XXXII.

All petrol fuelled cars can run on LPG. Another single, "All or Nothing" (US #38, 1998), having cracked the Top 40, brought Cher’s total number of Top 40 hits to 23, not including those attained with Sonny. Most cars that are designed to run on gasoline are capable of running with 15% ethanol mixed in, and with a small amount of redesign, gasoline-powered vehicles can run on ethanol concentrations as high as 85%. The Believe album was eventually certified quadruple platinum, and is believed to have sold at least another 12 million copies worldwide. Many cars that currently use gasoline can run on ethanol, a fuel made from plant sugars. She also earned the distinction of being the only female artist to have had Top 10 hits in each of the past four successive decades. Diesel-powered cars can run with little or no modification on 100% pure biodiesel, a fuel that can be made from vegetable oils. This achievement made Cher the oldest woman (at 52) to have a #1 hit in the rock era, and also gave her the distinction of having the longest span of #1 hits (33 years) as well as the largest gap between #1’s (24 years).

With heavy taxes on fuel, particularly in Europe and tightening environmental laws, particularly in California, and the possibility of further restrictions on greenhouse gas emissions, work on alternative power systems for vehicles continues. It also became Cher’s fourth solo #1 single in US and fifth US #1 overall. For example, in the 1950s, Chevrolet shared hood, doors, roof, and windows with Pontiac; the LaSalle of the 1930s, sold by Cadillac, used the cheaper mechanical parts made by the Oldsmobile division. 1 in the charts for seven weeks and became the all-time biggest-selling single ever by a solo female artist in the UK. The makes shared parts with one another so that the larger production volume resulted in lower costs for each price range. In the United Kingdom, "Believe" stayed at No. Sloan who established the idea of different makes of cars produced by one firm, so that buyers could "move up" as their fortunes improved. The first single and title track "Believe" (1998) quickly became a worldwide smash, easily becoming Cher’s biggest hit, reaching #1 in 23 countries around the world.

It was Alfred P. The album marked an extreme departure for Cher, as the record was a sparkling collection of up-tempo dance tracks, conjured up by a large and mixed team of lesser-known, mostly European producers. Cars are not merely continually perfected mechanical contrivances; since the 1920s nearly all have been mass-produced to meet a market, so marketing plans and manufacture to meet them have often dominated automobile design. At the end of 1998, at age 52, a newly energized Cher released her much-hyped album Believe (1998), widely reported to be targeted towards her immense gay following. Developed by Bosch, these electronic systems have enabled automobiles to drastically reduce exhaust emissions while increasing efficiency and power. Despite charges of opportunism Cher continued to openly mourn, also paying tribute to Bono in the sentimental CBS special Sonny and Me: Cher Remembers (1998), calling her grief "something I never plan to get over". The chief exception to this was electronic engine management, which entered into wide use in the 1960s, when electronic parts became cheap enough to be mass-produced and rugged enough to handle the harsh environment of an automobile. In front of millions, she praised the man who had been father, friend, partner, husband, and foe.

For the most part, "new" automotive technology was a refinement on earlier work, though these refinements were sometimes so extensive as to render the original work nearly unrecognizable. The funeral, unbeknownst to Cher, was also broadcast live on CNN. Since 1960, the number of manufacturers has remained virtually constant, and innovation slowed. Nonetheless, under a slew of media attention, Cher accepted an invitation to deliver the eulogy. After 1930, the number of auto manufacturers declined sharply as the industry consolidated and matured. Photograghed in tears as she fled through Heathrow Airport back to Los Angeles, the media seemingly appointed Cher his widow, though they had been apart for 24 years and he was long remarried, and then married again with a fourth wife and a new career as a popular congressman. For example, front-wheel drive was re-introduced by Andre Citroën with the launch of the Traction Avant in 1934, though it appeared several years earlier in road cars made by Alvis and Cord, and in racing cars by Miller (and may have appeared as early as 1897). He was 62.

By the 1930s, most of the technology used in automobiles had been invented, although it was often re-invented again at a later date and credited to someone else. Cher was in London in January of 1998 when a call from her daughter Chastity brought the shocking news of Sonny Bono's death in a skiing accident. Key developments included electric ignition and the electric self-starter (both by Charles Kettering, for the Cadillac Motor Company in 1910-1911), independent suspension, and four-wheel brakes. She also co-starred and directed in one of the film’s three segments, earning a Golden Globe Nomination as Best Supporting Actress in a made-for-television movie. Through the period from 1900 to the mid 1920s, development of automotive technology was rapid, due in part to the hundreds of small manufacturers competing to gain the world's attention. Also in 1996, Cher co-executive-produced the highly-anticipated, slightly controversial HBO abortion drama If These Walls Could Talk (1996) with actress Demi Moore. Early automobiles were often referred to as 'horseless carriages', and did not stray far from the design of their predecessor. She starred in the poorly-received film Faithful (1996) with Ryan O'Neal and Chazz Palminteri.

The large scale, production-line manufacturing of affordable automobiles was debuted by Oldsmobile in 1902, then greatly expanded by Henry Ford in the 1910s. This also marked the first time that Cher wrote the material for an entire album. Steam, electric, and gasoline powered autos competed for decades, with gasoline internal combustion engines achieving dominance in the 1910s. The album was quickly rejected by record labels for being "not commercial", so Cher chose to sell the recording exclusively through her website. A major breakthrough came with the historic drive of Bertha Benz in 1888. This album was written entirely by Cher after she attended a songwriting retreat in France back in 1994. This patent did more to hinder than encourage development of autos in the USA. She also produced and recorded an independent alternative-rock album entitled Not.Com.mercial (pronounced "not-dot-com-mercial").

Patent 549160). Though praised by critics as a departure from her Geffen-era style, it was mostly overlooked by her fans. Selden was granted a United States patent for a two-stroke automobile engine (U.S. At age 50, she released the album It's a Man's World (1996). On 5 November 1895, George B. She was back full-time by 1996. The first automobile patent in the United States was granted to Oliver Evans in 1789; in 1804 Evans demonstrated his first successful self-propelled vehicle, which not only was the first automobile in the US but was also the first amphibious vehicle, as his steam-powered vehicle was able to travel on wheels on land and via a paddle wheel in the water. Cher made cameo appearances in the Robert Altman films Ready to Wear (1992) and The Player (1994).

Electric vehicles were produced by a small number of manufacturers. Many critics say this had a negative impact on her career. It was in Birmingham also that the first British four wheel petrol-driven automobiles were built in 1895 by Frederick William Lanchester who also patented the disc brake in the city. She made very few public appearances during this period, with the notable exception she made to help her friend Lori Davis launch a hair-care line via a series of infomercials. It was here that the term horsepower was first used. By 1992, at the age of 46, Cher took some time off, following what was widely reported as either a case of Epstein-Barr Virus or Chronic Fatigue Syndrome.
Meanwhile, notable advances in steam power evolved in Birmingham, England by the Lunar Society. The film was a moderate success.

Henry Ford was notoriously against the American patent system, and Selden's case against Ford went all the way to the Supreme Court, who ruled that Ford and everyone else was free to build automobiles without paying royalties to Selden, since automobile technology had improved since Selden's patent, and no one was building those antiquated designs. Cher starred in the film Mermaids (1991) with Bob Hoskins, Wynona Ryder, and a then 9 year old Christina Ricci, making her film debut. Selden received his patent and later sued the Ford Motor Company for infringing his patent. Cher embarked on the "Love Hurts Tour" throughout 1991 and into 1992. Selden didn't build a single car until 1905, when he was forced to do so due to the lawsuit. This album was also eventually certified platinum. The first American automobile with gasoline-powered internal combustion engines was supposedly designed in 1877 by George Baldwin Selden of Rochester, New York, who applied for a patent on the automobile in 1879. This album produced the Top 20 hit "Love and Understanding" (US #17, UK#6 1991) and 2 more Top 40 hits: a re-working of "The Shoop Shoop Song" (US #33, UK #1 1991) and "Save Up All Your Tears" (US #37, 1991).

They were inspired by Daimler's Stalhradwagen of 1889, which was exhibited in Paris in 1889. In 1991, Cher completed her Geffen recording contract by releasing the album Love Hurts (1991). In 1890, Emile Levassor and Armand Peugeot of France began series-producing vehicles with Daimler engines, and so laid the foundation of the motor industry in France. During this time, she starred in the television special Cher - Live at the Mirage, filmed during a live concert in Las Vegas. From about 1890-1895 about 30 vehicles were built by Daimler and his innovative assistant, Maybach, either at the Daimler works or in the Hotel Hermann, where they set up shop after having a falling out with their backers. She also launched "The Heart of Stone Tour" which played throughout 1989 and 1990 in various parts of the world. In 1889, he built two vehicles from scratch, with several innovations. This album was eventually certified triple platinum.

Daimler built a car in 1886 - a new horse carriage fitted with his new high-speed 4-stroke engine. In 1989, at 43, Cher released the album Heart of Stone, which featured three more Top 10 hits, "If I Could Turn Back Time" (US #3, 1989); "After All" (US #6, 1989), a duet with Peter Cetera; "Just Like Jesse James" (US #8, 1989); and the Top 20 hit "Heart of Stone" (#20, 1990). Because France was more open to the automobile in general, more were built and sold in France than by Benz himself in Germany. This album was eventualy certified platinum. Emile Roger of France, already producing Benz engines under license, now added the Benz car to his line of products. Cher (1987) was released in 1987, featured the Top 10 comeback single "I Found Someone" (US #10, 1987), which had previously been a minor hit for Laura Branigan, and the Top 20 hit "We All Sleep Alone" (US #14, 1988). They were powered with four-stroke engines of his own design. Under a new recording contract with Geffen records, Cher released the first of three highly successful rock albums, under the executive production of Kalodner and featuring writing contributions from the likes of Diane Warren, Jon Bon Jovi, Richie Sambora, Desmond Child, and Michael Bolton.

Appromixately 25 were built until 1893, when his first four-wheeler was introduced. Also in 1987, at the age of 41, Cher, though somewhat reluctantly, revived her recording career after a five-year hiatus, under the suggestion and coordination of rock producer and A&R man John Kalodner. Benz, after building his first three-wheeled car in 1885, built improved versions in 1886 and 1887, and went into production in 1888 -- the world's first vehicle to do so. Dukakis also won the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress for her role as Cher's mother in the film. The internal-combustion-engined car really can be said to have begun with Benz and Daimler in 1886, for their vehicles were successful, they went into series-production, and they inspired others. For Moonstruck, directed by Norman Jewison, she won the 1989 Academy Award for Best Actress, the Golden Globe Award for Best Actress in a Musical/Comedy and the Favorite Film Actress award at the People’s Choice Awards. But if all of the above experiments hadn't taken place, the development of the automobile wouldn't have been retarded by so much as a moment, since they were unknown experiments that went no further than the testing stage. In 1987, she starred in three films: the thriller Suspect (1987), with Dennis Quaid; the fantasy film The Witches of Eastwick (1987), with Jack Nicholson, Susan Sarandon and Michelle Pfeiffer; and the romantic comedy Moonstruck (1987) with Nicholas Cage and Olympia Dukakis.

Although nothing more than a toy, it is said to have operated somewhat successfully, unlike Murginotti's and Deboutteville's vehicles. In 1985, Cher was honored with Harvard Univeristy's Hasty Pudding Woman of the Year Award. The same year, Enrico Bernardi, another Italian, installed a similar engine on his son's tricycle. For her role of a mother of a severely disfigured boy, Cher won the Best Actress prize at the Cannes Film Festival. Also about 1884, an Italian by the name of Murginotti installed an IC engine on a tricycle, but it appears the engine wasn't powerful enough to make the vehicle move. The film also starred Eric Stoltz, Laura Dern and Sam Elliott, and was considered her first critical and commercial success. No one else knew of the vehicles and experiments until years later. Her next film was a starring role in the critically-acclaimed Mask (1985), directed by Peter Bogdanovich.

No more vehicles were built by the two men, and their venture went completely unnoticed and their patent unexploited. For this film, she also won the Golden Globe Award for Best Supporting Actress in a Motion Picture - Drama. However, during the vehicle's first test, the frame broke apart, the vehicle literally "shaking itself to pieces," in Malandin's own words. She was next cast alongside Meryl Streep and Kurt Russell in the critically acclaimed drama Silkwood (1983) for which she received her first Academy Award nomination, for Best Supporting Actress. The patent, and presumably the vehicle, contained many innovations, some of which wouldn't be used for decades. Her performance was critically praised, and she was later cast in the film version directed by famed Hollywood director Robert Altman. This one consisted of two four-stroke, liquid-fueled engines mounted to an old four-wheeled horse cart. In 1982, at 36, Cher landed her first major role in a Broadway production of Come Back to the Five-and-Dime Jimmy Dean, Jimmy Dean.

In 1884, Delamare-Deboutteville and Malandin built and patented a second vehicle. At the time, Cher was also quoted as saying that she didn’t really care if she ever made another record. As they tested the vehicle, the tank hose came loose, resulting in an explosion. Her earliest entertainment ambitions had always lay in film, as opposed to music, however, she found herself in an uphill battle trying to land credible roles for a woman now in her mid-thirties with little acting experience. In 1883, Edouard Delamare-Deboutteville and Leon Malandin of France installed an internal-combustion engine powered by a tank of city gas on a tricycle. With album sales and hit singles again at a standstill, Cher decided to expand her career into serious film acting. Reithmann had been experimenting with IC-engines as early as 1852. Once again, album sales were underwhelming.

There is some evidence, although not conclusive, that one Christian Reithmann, an Austrian living in Germany, had built a four-stroke engine entirely on his own by 1873. In 1982, Cher released the critically and commercially panned I Paralyze (1982), again despite appearances on American Bandstand and The Tonight Show. He knew nothing of Beau de Rochas's patent or idea, and came upon the idea entirely on his own; in fact, he began thinking about it in 1861, but abandoned the idea until the mid-1870's. The album was a dismal failure, despite an appearance on The Tonight Show Starring Johnny Carson, and 'the band' broke up the following year. Most historians agree that Nikolaus Otto of Germany built the world's first four-stroke engine. In 1980, Cher, at age 34, formed the rock band Black Rose with her then-partner, guitarist Les Dudek, and released the album Black Rose (1980) by year's end. Beau de Rochas never built a single engine. That album produced no hit singles.

In fact, hardly anyone knew of it to begin with. For her second Casablanca release, Prisoner (1979), Cher took it all off on the album's cover, igniting a firestorm of controversy with women's rights groups for her "sex slave" image. He printed about 300 copies of his pamphlet and they were distributed in Paris, but nothing came of this, with the patent expiring soon after and the pamphlet disappearing into total obscurity. The album was partially boosted by the image of a scantily-clad Cher in a Viking outfit on the album’s cover. The four-stroke engine had already been written down and patented in 1862 by the Frenchman Beau de Rochas in a long-winded and rambling pamphlet. Also in 1979, Cher went disco, signing with Casablanca Records, and scored yet another Top 10 hit with "Take Me Home" (US #8, 1979) from the the album Take Me Home (1979). In 1888/1889, he built a second car, this one with seats, brakes and steering, and a four-stroke engine of his own design. She made a brief return to prime-time starring in the television specials Cher…Special in 1978 (for which guest-star Dolly Parton was nominated for an Emmy Award) and Cher…and Other Fantasies in 1979.

It was tested in Vienna in September of 1870. Cher was then linked to a series of high-profile men, including record executive David Geffen, Gene Simmons of the rock band KISS, and guitarist Les Dudek. In 1870, he built a crude vehicle, with no seats, steering or brakes, but it was spectacular for one reason: it was the world's first internal-combustion-engine-powered vehicle fueled by gasoline. The couple separated for good by 1978. He developed the idea of using gasoline as a fuel in a two-stroke internal-combustion engine. This project was not considered a critical or commercial success. The next innovation comes in the 1860s, with Siegfried Marcus, a German working in Vienna, Austria. Together, they also released the album, Two The Hard Way – Allman and Woman (1977), which featured a cover of the Smokey Robinson hit "You Really Got A Hold On Me".

If he did, he most certainly didn't use gasoline, as this was not well-known and was considered a waste product. They had one son, Elijah Blue Allman, born on 1976-07-10. Lenoir is said to have tested liquid fuel, such as alcohol, in his stationary engines; but it doesn't appear he used them in his vehicle. Cher, at 29, famously married rock musician Gregg Allman in 1975, (a founding member of the Allman Brothers Band). It seems to have been powered by city lighting-gas in bottles, and was said by Lenoir to have "travelled slower than a man could walk, with breakdowns being frequent." Lenoir, in his patent of 1860, included the provision of a carburettor, so liquid fuel could be substituted for gas, particularly for mobile purposes, i.e., vehicles. Despite this, Stars is often said to be a fan favorite. In about 1863, Lenoir installed his engine in a vehicle. Cher released the albums Stars (1975), I'd Rather Believe In You (1976), and Cherished (1977), though none of these albums were considered a critical or commercial success.

Etienne Lenoir produced the first successful internal-combustion engine in 1860, and within a few years, about 400 were in operation in Paris. On 1976-02-01, The Sonny and Cher Show debuted to Top 10 ratings and high expectations, but was abruptly cancelled early in the following season due to poor ratings. It was not very successful, as was the case with the British inventor, Brown, and the American inventor, Morey, who produced clumsy IC-engine-powered vehicles about 1826. Cher pulled the plug herself, before attempting to reunite with her ex-husband for a revamped version of The Sonny and Cher Comedy Hour. He subsequently used it to develop the world’s first vehicle to run on such an engine, one that used a mixture of hydrogen and oxygen to generate energy. The Cher show ran for one and a half seasons, before ending in early 1976 due to a drastic drop in ratings. In 1806 Fransois Isaac de Rivaz, a Swiss, designed the first internal combustion engine (sometimes abbreviated "ICE" today). This type of showmanship had never been done on television before.

In 1771 he designed another steam-driven car, which ran so fast that it rammed into a wall, producing the world’s first car accident. Her show would often consist of numerous costume changes. The first self-propelled car was built by Nicolas-Joseph Cugnot in 1769, it could attain speeds of up to 6 km/h. A lot of press was generated throughout 1975 about Cher's exposed bellybutton and barely there evening gowns and daring ensembles created by famed designer Bob Mackie. Steam-powered self-propelled cars were devised in the late 18th century. Cloris Leachman and Jack Albertson both won Emmy Awards for their appearances as guest-stars a few weeks later. These inventors are: Karl Benz on July 3, 1886 in Mannheim, Gottlieb Daimler and Wilhelm Maybach in Stuttgart (also inventors of the first motor bike) and in 1888/89 German-Austrian inventor Siegfried Marcus in Vienna, although Marcus didn't go beyond the prototype stage.
. The Cher show debuted as an elaborate, all-star television special - broadcast 1975-02-16 featuring Flip Wilson, Bette Midler and special guest Elton John.

Even though Karl Benz is credited with the invention of the modern automobile, several other German engineers worked on building the first automobile at the same time. Bono’s show was abruptly cancelled, however, after only six weeks. The modern automobile powered by the Otto gasoline engine was invented in Germany by Karl Benz. Bono launched his own show, The Sonny Comedy Review in the fall of 1974 while Cher also announced plans to host and star in a new variety TV series of her own. . What followed was a nasty and very public divorce. The biggest three companies are General Motors (GM),Toyota and Ford. The show also therefore fell apart, while still at the top of the ratings.

As of 2005 there are 500 million cars worldwide (0.074 per capita), of which 220 million are located in the United States (0.75 per capita). By the third season of the Sonny and Cher Comedy Hour in early 1974, the marriage of Sonny and Cher began to fall apart, and the duo separated later that year. It is the main source of transportation across the world. She released her first Greatest Hits (1974) album in 1974. An automobile has seats for the driver and, almost without exception, one or more passengers. She followed up with the albums Foxy Lady (1972) and Bittersweet White Light (1973), before scoring two more #1 hits with "Half-Breed" (US #1, 1973, now a signature song), and "Dark Lady" (US #1, 1974) from the two albums of the same name. Earlier terms for automobile include 'horseless carriage' and 'motor car'. Cher, at 25, continued to establish herself as a solo recording artist with the help of producer Snuff Garrett, and charted her first solo #1 hit with the song "Gypsies, Tramps & Thieves" (US #1, 1971), from the album Gypsies, Tramps and Thieves(1971).

The term is derived from Greek 'autos' (self) and Latin 'movére' (move), referring to the fact that it 'moves by itself'. The duo also revived their recording career, releasing the albums Sonny and Cher Live (1971), All I Ever Need Is You (1972), Live in Las Vegas (1972), and Mama Was a Rock and Roll Singer – Papa Used to Write All Her Songs (1973), while charting two more Top 10 hits: "All I Ever Need Is You" (US #7, 1971) "A Cowboys' Work Is Never Done" (US #8, 1972) and the Top 40 hit "When You Say Love" (US #32, 1973). Different types of automobiles include cars, buses, trucks, vans, and motorcycles, with cars being the most popular. The show received numerous Emmy Award nominations throughout its three year run on CBS. An automobile is a wheeled vehicle that carries its own motor. It returned to primetime later that year and was an immediate hit, quickly reaching the Top Ten in their time slot. The Sonny and Cher Comedy Hour debuted in 1971 as a summer replacement series.

Having caught the eye of CBS head of programming Fred Silverman while guest-hosting on The Merv Griffin Show, he offered the duo their own variety show. A mixture of slapstick comedy, skits and live music, the show was a critical success, which led to numerous guest spots on other early 70’s hit television shows. In 1970, Sonny and Cher starred in their first television special, The Sonny and Cher Nitty Gritty Hour.
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That film (directed by first and only-time director Alessio De Paulo) was also considered a commercial failure. The duo made another unsuccessful foray into film later in 1969 with Bono writing and producing the film Chastity, intended as a dramatic debut for Cher as an actress. Cher released the album 3614 Jackson Highway (1969 later in 1969. Sonny and Cher also welcomed their first child, Chastity Bono, born 1969-03-04.

Their gentle, easy-listening pop sound and anti-drug policy had become unpopular in an era becoming increasingly consumed with the psychedelic rock that came with the overall evolutionary change in the landscape of American pop culture during the late 1960's. Sonny and Cher's career had stalled by 1968, as album sales quickly dryed up. The film was a flop. In an attempt to capitalize on the duo’s success, Sonny penned their first feature film (themed similarily to The Beatles’ Yellow Submarine) Good Times in 1967, in which the duo starred.

She followed up with "Where Do You Go" (US #25, 1965) "Bang, Bang (My Baby Shot Me Down!)" (US #2, 1966)the feature film title track "Alfie" (US #32, 1966) and "You Better Sit Down Kids" (US #9, 1967) from the albums The Sonny Side of Cher (1966), Cher (1966), Backstage (1967), With Love…Cher (1968). Meanwhile, also in 1965, Cher released her first solo record All I Really Want To Do which charted her first solo US Top 20 hit, a cover of Bob Dylan's "All I Really Want to Do" (US #15, 1965). With her dark, exotic looks, she became a fashion trend-setter, quickly popularizing fashion bellbottoms, and incorporating ‘hippie’ attire and eccentric gowns and elaborate costumes into their live shows. While initially perceived as the slightly awkward and under-estimated half of the popular singing duo, Cher quickly rose to prominence as the more outspoken, daring and provocative half of the husband-and-wife singing team.

Sullivan infamously pronounced her name 'Chur' during their introduction. The duo made an appearance on The Ed Sullivan Show in the fall of 1965 in which Mr. The two became a quick sensation, travelling and performing around the world. Several more Top 40 hits would follow, including "Baby, Don’t Go" (US #8, 1965), "Just You" (US #20, 1965), "But You're Mine" (US #15, 1965), "Little Man" (US #21, 1966), and "The Beat Goes On" (US #6, 1967) from the albums The Wonderous World of Sonny and Cher (1966), and In Case You’re In Love (1967).

Cher was 19 years old. This album contained the overnight smash and eventual #1 single "I Got You Babe" (US #1, 1965). They later re-emerged as "Sonny and Cher", and released their first album Look at Us in the summer of 1965. They received little attention.

With Sonny continuing to write, arrange and produce the songs, Sonny and Cher’s first incarnation was as the duo "Ceasear and Cleo". Both were released in 1964. Her second attempt was the more popular single "Dream Baby", released under the name Cherilyn, written and produced by Sonny. It went nowhere.

Her first solo recording was the novelty single "Ringo, I Love You", released under the pseudonym of Bonnie-Jo Mason and produced by Phil Spector. The two became fast friends and eventually lovers, and through Sonny, Cher (as she was called early on for short) eventually got to sing back-up on several of Spector’s classic recordings. The much older Sonny (he was 28) was already working for record producer Phil Spector at Gold Star Studios in Hollywood. Cherilyn first met Sonny Bono in a Los Angeles coffee shop in 1963, when she was just 17.

. In a career defined, and redefined as much by dramatic missteps and spectacular recoveries, the chief constant has been her seemingly limitless determination. From sequined spectacle to luminous Oscar-winner; TV vamp to Billboard's longest running chart-topper, Cher's success in music, film, television, and on stage qualifies her as one of the most enduring entertainers of our time. In a career that has now surpassed 40 years, Cher has emerged a legendary pop icon who continues to charm audiences around the globe, constantly on the public forefront.

She rose to prominence in the mid-1960s as half of the pop duo Sonny and Cher, later emerging as a successful solo artist, television star, and later, film actress. She has sold solo over 100 million records worldwide since the start of her career. She rose to prominence in the 1960s as a member of the duo Sonny and Cher and sold over 80 million records worldwide, then as a solo artist when the duo ended in 1974. Cher (born Cherilyn Sarkisian on May 20, 1946) is an American actress and singer of Armenian descent.

VH-1's 25 Greatest Rock Star Cameos #2 (Vote ranking #1). VH-1/TV Guide's 100 Greatest Moments that Rocked TV #20; #59; #87 (Vote ranking #1; #2; #3). 2003 - USA Today Pop Candy's 100 People of the Year #19 (Vote ranking #1). TV Guide's 50 Sexiest Stars #13.

2004 - Top 10 Shortest Celebrity Marriages #3 (Vote ranking #1). 1987 - People Magazine's 25 Most Intriguing People #1. 1975 - People Magazine's 25 Most Intriguing People #1. People Magazine Cover Champs # 11 (Vote ranking #1).

1976 - People Magazine Best Seller of the Year #1. 1975 - People Magazine Best Seller of the Year #1. 2002 - Netscape's Top 10 Double Threats #1. 1992 - Madame Tussaud's Wax Museum's 5 Most Beautiful Women of History #2.

1986 - Hollywood Square Celebrities [1966-82] #1. 1986 - High Society's 30 Sexiest Celebrities #1. 2004 - E!'s 101 Most Starlicious Makeovers # 3. 70´s - AAFRPS Ideal Face of the 1970's # 3.

1977 - 10 Celebrities, Girls Want to Be #8. 2005 - Pollstar's Top Tours "North American" # 7. 2004 - Pollstar's Top Tours "North American" # 17. 2003 - Pollstar's Top Tours "North American" # 3.

2002 - Pollstar's Top Tours "North American" # 2. 1999 - Pollstar's Top Tours "North American" # 6. 2000 - World Music Award - Lifelong Contribution to the Music Industry award. 2004 - Women's World Award - one of the most successful actresses/singers.

2001 - Bambi - most successful Female Singer in History. 1999 - Echo "German Grammy Award" - best International Female Singer. 1991 - Echo "German Grammy Award" - best International Female Singer. 1999 - Hollywood Walk of Fame - For TV - Sonny and Cher.

1999 - Grammy - Best Dance Recording - Believe. 2003 - Emmy Award - Outstanding Variety, Music or Comedy Special - Farewell Tour. 1985 - Cannes Film Festival - Best Actress - Mask. 1987 - Golden Globe Award - Best Actress - Moonstruck.

1984 - Golden Globe Award - Best Supporting Actress - Silkwood. 1974 - Golden Globe Award - Best TV Actress - Musical/Comedy - Sonny and Cher Comedy Hour. 1989 - Academy Award - Best Actress - Moonstruck. Sonny & Cher - the Christmas Collection (DVD Release 2004).

Sonny & Cher - the Ultimate Collection (DVD Release 2003). Cher: The Farewell Tour (2003) (also executive producer). VH1 Divas Las Vegas (2002). Cher: Live in Concert from Las Vegas (1999).

Cher (1975-1976). The Sonny and Cher Comedy Hour (1971-1974). The Sonny & Cher Nitty Gritty Hour (1970). Good Times (DVD Release 2004).

Chastity (DVD Release 2004). Mask (DVD Release 2004). Faithful (DVD Release 2004). Stuck On You (DVD Release 2004).

Silkwood (DVD Release 2003). Suspect (DVD Release 2001). Mermaids (DVD Release 2001). Tea With Mussolini (DVD Release 1999).

Moonstruck (DVD Release 1998). The Witches of Eastwick (DVD Release 1997). The House (2007) (currently in pre-production). In the Pink (2007) (currently in pre-production).

Stuck On You (2003). Mayor of the Sunset Strip (documentary) (2003). Tea with Mussolini (1999). Faithful (1996).

Prêt-à-Porter (1994) (Cameo). The Player (1992) (Cameo). Mermaids (1990). Moonstruck (1987).

Suspect (1987). The Witches of Eastwick (1987). Mask (1985). Silkwood (1983).

Come Back to the Five and Dime, Jimmy Dean, Jimmy Dean (1982). Chastity (1969). Good Times (1967). Wild on the Beach (1965).

Cher: Live at the Mirage (Las Vegas, the "Heart of Stone" Tour 1990) (DVD Release 2005). The Very Best of Cher DVD Edition (DVD Release 2004). Cher: The Farewell Tour Live in Miami (DVD Release 2003). VH1 Divas Las Vegas (DVD Release 2002).

Cher: Live in Concert (Las Vegas, the "Believe" Tour 1999) (DVD Release 1999). VH1 Divas Live 99 (DVD Release 1999). 2003 - "When The Moneys Gone/Love One Another" US Maxi Single #2. 2002 - "A Different Kind of Love Song" US Maxi-Single #2.

2002 - "Song For The Lonely" Hot US #85; US Maxi-Single #1; US POP #7; Canada #18. 2002 - "Alive Again" Germany #27; Israel #8; Norway #32; Swiss #80. 2001 - "The Music's No Good Without You" Russia #1;UK #8 Top 10 Canada/Italy/Taiwan/Portugal; Top 20 Sweden/Norway/Europe/Finland. 1999 - "Dovè lAmore" UK #21; Top 10 Europe/Italy/Rumaenien/Finnland/Spain/Creeze.

1999 - "All or Nothing" US #38; UK/Europe 12; Top 10 Rumaenien/Finnland/Jogoslawien/Denmark; Norway #19. 1999 - "Strong Enough" US #57; Croatien/Denmark #1; Top 10 UK/Germany/France/Belgian/Swiss/Europe/Italy/Austria/Finland/New Zealand/Spain/Jogoslawien. 1998 - "Believe" US #1 (2x Platinum); UK #1 - in 24 countries #1, and over 30 countries Top 10. 1996 - "The Sun Ain't Gonna Shine Anymore" UK #22.

1996 - "Not Enough Love In the World" UK #31. 1996 - "One By One" US #52; UK #7. 1995 - "Walking In Memphis" UK #11; Norway #7; Sweden #13; Austria #17; Germany #63. 1995 - "Love Can Build a Bridge" UK #1; Germany #62; Swiss #21; Austria #18.

1994 - "I Got You Babe" (Cher & Beavis And Butthead) US #108; UK #35; Dutch 9; Europe #18. 1993 - "Whenever Youre Near" UK #72. 1993 - "Many Rivers to Cross" UK #37. 1992 - "Oh No Not My Baby" UK #33; Germany #52; Austria #30; Swiss #19.

1992 - "Couldve Been You" UK #31; Germany #72. 1991 - "Love Hurts" UK #43; Norway #2. 1991 - "Save Up All Your Tears" US/UK #37; Austria #18; Germany #56. 1991 - "Love And Understanding" US #17; Top 10 UK/Dutch/Belgian/Norway/Austria; Germany #20; Top 30 France/Sweden/Australian.

1991 - "The Shoop Shoop Song" US #33; UK/Norway/Irish/Europe/Austria #1; Top 10 Germany/France/Sweden/Dutch/Belgian/Swiss/Australian. 1990 - "You Wouldn't Know Love" UK #27 (Gold). 1990 - "Heart Of Stone" US #20; UK #43; Germany #23. 1989 - "Just Like Jesse James" US #8 (Gold); UK #11; Germany #38; Belgian #13; Australian #22.

1989 - "If I Could Turn Back Time" US #3; Norway/Australian #1; Top 10 UK/US/Dutch/Belgian; Top 20 Germany/Sweden/Italy/Austria. 1989 - "After All" (duet with Peter Cetera) US #6 (Platinum). 1988 - "Skin Deep" US #78. 1988 - "We All Sleep Alone" US #14; UK #47; Norway #11.

1987 - "I Found Someone" US #10; UK #5 (Gold); Norway #14; Germany #35. 1981 - "Dead Ringer for Love" (Cher & Meatloaf) UK #5; Norway #26; Dutch #32. 1979 - "Hell on Wheels" US #59. 1979 - "Wasn't it Good" US #49.

1979 - "Take Me Home" US #8 (Gold); Norway #9. 1977 - "Pirate" US #93. 1974 - "I Saw a Man and He Danced with His Wife" US #42. 1974 - "Train of Thought" US #27, Canada #22.

1974 - "Dark Lady" US/Canada/Sweden #1 (Gold); Norway #10; Dutch #17; Belgian #22; Uk #36. 1973 - "Half-Breed" US/Canada #1 (Gold); Sweden #6; Norway #15; Germany #29. 1972 - "Don't Hide Your Love" US #46. 1972 - "Living in a House Divided" US #22.

1972 - "The Way Of Love" US #7; Canada #5. 1971 - "Gypsies, Tramps, and Thieves" US/Canada #1 UK #4; Norway #8; Dutch/Germany #25; Belgian #27. 1969 - "For What it's Worth" US #125. 1968 - "The Click Song" US #84.

1967 - "You Better Sit Down Kids" US #9, Canada #7. 1967 - "Hey Joe" US #94. 1966 - "Mama (When My Dollies Have Babies)" US #124; Canada #45. 1966 - "Behind the Door" US #97.

1966 - "Sunny" UK #32, Dutch/Norway #2; Sweden #4. 1966 - "I Feel Something In the Air" UK #43. 1966 - "Alfie" US #32; Canada #26. 1966 - "Bang Bang (My Baby Shot Me Down)" US #2; UK #3; Italy #6; Sweden/Canada/Belgian #9; Dutch #16; Germany #17.

1965 - "Where Do You Go?" US #25; Canada #22. 1965 - "All I Really Wanna Do" US/Dutch #15; UK #9; Sweden #13; Canada #26 (Cher's first #1 hit). 1993 - "I Got You Babe" (re-issue) UK #66. 1972 - "When You Say Love" US #32.

1972 - "A Cowboys' Work Is Never Done" US #8; Canada #4; Germany #48. 1971 - "All I Ever Need Is You" US #7; UK #7; Canada #10; Belgian #20. 1967 - "The Beat Goes On" US #6, UK #29; France #2; Belgian #5; Dutch #8; Canada #9; Germany #24. 1966 - "Living For You" US #87; UK #44.

1966 - "Little Man" US #21; France/Sweden/Belgian/Norway/Dutch #1; UK #4; Germany #2; Canada #6. 1966 - "Have I Stayed Too Long" US #49; UK #42. 1965 - "But You're Mine" US #15; UK #17; Canada #23. 1965 - "Just You/Sing C'est La Vie" US #20; Belgian #1; Canada #15.

1965 - "Baby Don't Go" US #8; Canada #1; Sweden #16; Dutch #20; UK #11. 1965 - "The Letter" US # 75; Canada #24. 1965 - "I Got You Babe" US/UK #1; Germany #3; Sweden/Canada/Dutch #4; France/Japan #5; Belgian #12. 1964 - "Love Is Strange" US #134.

Cher Gold (2005). 20th Century Masters Presents The Best of Cher Volume 2 (2004). The Very Best of Cher (2003). The Way of Love - The Cher Collection (2000).

20th Century Masters Presents The Best of Cher (2000). The Greatest Hits (1999) - Europe Only. If I Could Turn Back Time, Cher's Greatest Hits (1999). Greatest Hits (1974).

Cher Gold (2005-07-26). Live! The Farewell Tour (2003-08-26). The Very Best of Cher (2003-04-01). Living Proof (2002-02-26 USA) (2001-11-09 Europe).

not.com.mercial (2000). Believe (1998-11-10). It's a Man's World (1996 USA) (1995 Europe). Love Hurts (1991).

Heart of Stone (1989). Cher (1987). I Paralyze (1982). Black Rose (1980).

Take Me Home (1979). Prisoner (1979). Cherished (1977). Allman and Woman (1976) (w/ Gregg Allman).

I'd Rather Believe In You (1976). Stars (1975). Dark Lady (1974). Half Breed (1973).

Bittersweet White Light (1973). Foxy Lady (1972). Gypsies, Tramps & Thieves (1971). 3614 Jackson Highway (1969).

The Sonny Side of Cher (1966). All I Really Want to Do (1965). Mama Was a Rock and Roll Singer - Papa Used to Write All Her Songs (1973). Live In Las Vegas Volume Two (1972).

All I Ever Need Is You (1972). Sonny & Cher Live (1971). In Case You're In Love (1967). The Wondrous World of Sonny & Cher (1966).

Look at Us (1965).