Bill Gates

. Jefferson's buildings helped initiate the ensuing American fashion for Federal style architecture. Some include:. His major works included Monticello (his home), the Virginia State Capitol and the University of Virginia. Obviously, these references are less than flattering. He felt that it reflected the ideas of republic and democracy where the prevalent British styles represented the monarchy. Many computer programs, most of which are for systems other than Microsoft Windows, contain more-or-less direct references to Bill Gates. Jefferson was an accomplished architect who was extremely influential in bringing the Neo-Classical style he encountered in France to the United States.

Films and television shows where Bill Gates has actually appeared as himself include:. All the documentary evidence shows that Hemings' first child, Harriet, was born in 1795 -- years after the mythical child "Tom" that Callender alleged. Films and television shows that have portrayed a fictionalized version of Gates include:. Significantly, everyone who has researched the issue -- regardless which side they take on the Jefferson-Hemings paternity question -- agree that there is no evidence supporting the original allegation, published by Thomas Callender in 1802, that Jefferson fathered Sally Hemings' first child in France prior to 1790. His IQ is commonly believed to be around 160; however, many people estimate that the results of his SAT exam (required for admittance to Harvard) would only translate to a more modest IQ score of around 120-140. Professor Mayer's independent report also suggests that the Foundation report is flawed by biases and faulty assumptions (including the assumption that only one man fathered all of Sally Hemings' children). Bill Gates is also thought by the media to be obsessed with his IQ, and IQ in general. Mayer, a member of the Scholars Commission, says in his own writings that there is "the possibility that Jefferson's brother Randolph or one of Randolph Jefferson's five sons could have fathered one or more of Sally Hemings' children." He also states that, "Indeed, eight of these 25 Jefferson males lived within 20 miles (a half-day's ride) of Monticello—including Thomas Jefferson's younger brother, Randolph Jefferson, and Randolph's five sons, who ranged in age from about 17 to 26 at the time of Eston's birth." All of these men could have passed down the Y chromosome used as "proof".

Several films and television shows have portrayed either the real Bill Gates or a fictionalized version of him, often according to these cliches. David N. This has in turn led to pop culture stereotypes of Gates as a tyrant or evil genius commanding power over an all-powerful empire of technology. A study by the Thomas Jefferson Foundation states that "it is very unlikely that Randolph Jefferson or any Jefferson other than Thomas Jefferson was the father of her children," while a study by an independent Scholars Commmission concludes that the Jefferson paternity thesis is not persuasive. Bill Gates is often characterized as the quintessential example of a super-intelligent nerd with immense power. Two major, mutually contradictory studies were released in the early 2000s. He is the wealthiest person even including heads of state whose wealth is tied to their position (although the standard Forbes list does not include heads of state, Forbes has released separate lists for the estimated wealth of heads of state; when the lists are combined, Bill Gates still remains the world's wealthiest person). A full account of the controversy can be found in the Sally Hemings article.

Again, according to a 2004 Forbes magazine article, Gates has given away over $28 billion to charities over the last few years. A subject of considerable controversy since Jefferson's own time was whether Jefferson was the father of any of the children of his slave Sally Hemings. The reduction in Gates' wealth since 2000 reflects a fall in Microsoft's share price and the multi-billion dollar gifts he has made to his charitable foundations. In 1778, the legislature passed a bill he proposed to ban further importation of slaves into Virginia; although this did not bring complete emancipation, in his words, it "stopped the increase of the evil by importation, leaving to future efforts its final eradication". According to this list his net worth has been:. In 1769, as a member of the state legislature, Jefferson proposed for that body to emancipate slaves in Virginia, but he was unsuccessful. Gates has been number one of the "Forbes 400" 1993-2005; he has been number one of Forbes list of "The World's Richest People" in 1996 and 1998-2005. His ambivalence can be seen for example, in the first draft of the Declaration of Independence, which Jefferson wrote, in which he condemned the British crown for sponsoring the importation of slavery to the colonies, charging that the crown "has waged cruel war against human nature itself, violating its most sacred rights of life and liberty in the persons of a distant people who never offended him, captivating & carrying them into slavery in another hemisphere..." This language was dropped from the Declaration at the request of delegates from South Carolina and Georgia.

As of 2005, the foundation has an endowment of approximately US$28 billion. Many of his slaves were considered property that was held as a lien for his many accumulated debts. On January 26, 2005, it was announced that the Foundation had made a further contribution of US$750 million to the international Vaccine Fund to help fight diseases such as diphtheria, whooping cough, measles, poliomyelitis and yellow fever. Some find it hypocritical that he both owned slaves and yet was publicly outspoken in his belief that slavery was immoral. They have donated more than US$100 million to help children suffering from AIDS. Jefferson's personal records show he owned 187 slaves, some of which were inherited at the death of his wife. In June 1999, Gates and his wife donated US$5 billion to their foundation. Jefferson's political principles were also heavily influenced by John Locke (particularly relating to the principles of inalienable rights and popular sovereignty) and Thomas Paine's Common Sense.

The Foundation currently provides 90% of the world budget for the attempted eradication of poliomyelitis (polio), the World Health Organization having 'moved on' to other diseases. Jefferson had and read Wawrzyniec Grzymala Goslicki's book De optimo senatore, and in his works paraphrased some of Goslicki's phrases from the book. The foundation's grants have provided funds for underrepresented minority college scholarships, AIDS prevention, diseases that strike mainly in the third world, and other causes. and was a friend of both James Madison and Jefferson. With his wife, Gates founded the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, a charitable organization. Subsequently, many of the ideas of the Polish Brethren were continued in English-speaking countries by Unitarian congregations -- most notably, by Joseph Priestley, who had emigrated to the U.S. In 2000, Gates promoted long-time friend and Microsoft executive Steve Ballmer to the role of Chief Executive Officer and took on the role of "Chief Software Architect". Biddle was a pioneer of Unitarianism in England.

His and other Microsoft executives' strategic decisions have more than once drawn the concern of competition regulators and in some cases have been ruled illegal. Biddle's followers had very close relations with the Polish Socinian family of Crellius (aka Spinowski). As the architect of Microsoft's product strategy, Gates has aggressively broadened the company's range of products and, once it has obtained a leading position in a category, has vigorously defended that position. Stegmann, a Polish Brother from Germany. An opposing view is that the inclusion in Windows was less important in Internet Explorer's adoption than Microsoft's improvement of the browser's features to a level comparable with Navigator. Englishman John Biddle had translated two works by one of the Polish Brethren, Samuel Przypkowski; he also translated the Racovian Catechism and a work by J. Nearly a decade later, Microsoft's Internet Explorer web browser displaced Netscape's Navigator, which many attributed to Microsoft's inclusion of Internet Explorer in Windows at no extra charge. Jefferson was influenced heavily by the ideas of the Polish Brethren.

During the transition from MS-DOS to Windows, Microsoft gained ground on application software competitors such as WordPerfect and Lotus 1-2-3. For the full text of this letter and that to which Jefferson was replying see Wikisource. In the ensuing years OS/2 fell to the side, and Windows became the favored PC platform. Though not religious himself, he viewed religious opinions in others, including public officials, as a purely personal matter with which the state should not interfere:. On May 16, 1991, Gates announced to Microsoft employees that the OS/2 partnership was over and Microsoft would henceforth focus its platform efforts on Windows and the NT kernel. Moreover, he personally believed, as did Deist and humanist John Locke, that human rights were endowed by a God: "Can the liberties of a nation be thought secure when we have removed their only firm basis, a conviction in the minds of the people that these liberties are a gift of God? Indeed I tremble for my country when I reflect that God is just; that His justice cannot sleep forever" (Notes on the State of Virginia, 1781-1785 Query 18). Ultimately he came to believe that IBM wanted to marginalize Microsoft from having any input in OS/2's development. He also had friends who were clergy, and he supported some churches financially.

As the project progressed, Gates oversaw continuing friction with IBM over the system's design, hardware support, and user interface. Jefferson himself attended certain public Christian services during his presidency. The operating system was marketed in connection with a new hardware design, the PS/2, that was proprietary to IBM. Clearly, however, Jefferson's desire to erect a "wall of separation" did not include a desire to inhibit the personal religious lives of public officials. In the late 1980s, Microsoft and IBM partnered in the development of a more advanced operating system, OS/2. Allen was only 12 when Jefferson retired the presidency, there is large doubt as to the accuracy of Allen's diary entry. In the mid-1980s Gates became excited about the possibilities of compact disc technology for storage and sponsored the publication of the book CD-ROM: The New Papyrus that promoted the idea of CD-ROM. As Rev.

By marketing MS-DOS aggressively to manufacturers of IBM-PC clones, Microsoft gained unprecedented visibility in the microcomputer industry, even rivalling IBM. This anecdote seems to contradict statements in Jefferson's personal letters. Microsoft's licensing deal with IBM was not particularly lucrative in itself (it did not include royalties), but critically, Microsoft retained the right to sell MS-DOS to other computer manufacturers. Ethan Allen at the Library of Congress). MS-DOS/PC-DOS outsold CP/M many times over, becoming the standard. Good morning sir." (quoted from the handwritten history of Rev. The price set by IBM for CP/M was $250, and for MS-DOS/PC-DOS it was $40. The Christian religion is the best religion that has ever been given to man and I as chief Magistrate of this nation am bound to give it the sanction of my example.

Later, IBM discovered that Gates' operating system could have infringement problems with CP/M, contacted Kildall, and in exchange for a promise not to sue, made an agreement that CP/M would be sold along with PC-DOS when the IBM PC was released. Nor can be. Gates obtained rights to a cloned design of CP/M, QDOS, from Tim Paterson of Seattle Computer products for $50,000 and licensed it to IBM for "about $80,000", according to Gates, and MS-DOS/PC-DOS was born. Allen claimed he overheard Jefferson say to a friend who had challenged him for going to church when he did not believe: "[N]o nation has ever yet existed or been governed without religion. IBM then returned to talk to Microsoft. Ethan Allen (1797-1879) in which Allen claimed to have seen Jefferson walking to church one Sunday with a large red prayer book under his arm. At Digital Research, IBM representatives spoke to Gary Kildall's wife Dorothy, but she declined to sign their standard non-disclosure agreement, which she considered overly burdensome. On the other hand, there is one anecdote by the Rev.

IBM approached Microsoft for an operating system (they had already licensed its language products), but Microsoft did not have one to sell and referred IBM to Digital Research. Weightman June 24, 1826). Microsoft's key moment came when IBM was planning to enter the personal computer market with its IBM Personal Computer (PC), which was released in 1985. "May it be to the world, what I believe it will be, (to some parts sooner, to others later, but finally to all), the signal of arousing men to burst the chains under which monkish ignorance and superstition had persuaded them to bind themselves, and to assume the blessings and security of self-government" (Letter to Roger C. Nevertheless, Gates was right about the market prospects, and his efforts paid off: Microsoft Corporation became one of the world's most successful commercial enterprises and a key player in the creation of a retail software industry. Spafford, March 17, 1814). While legally correct, Gates' proposal was unprecedented in a community that was influenced by its ham radio legacy and hacker ethic, in which innovations and knowledge were freely shared in the community. He is always in alliance with the despot, abetting his abuses in return for protection to his own" (Letter to Horatio G.

Gates stated in the letter that software should not be copied without the publisher's permission, which he equated to piracy. His letters contain the following observations: "History, I believe, furnishes no example of a priest-ridden people maintaining a free civil government" (Letter to Alexander von Humboldt, December 6, 1813), and, "In every country and in every age, the priest has been hostile to liberty. In February 1976, Bill Gates wrote the Open Letter to Hobbyists, which annoyed the computer hobbyist community by asserting that a commercial market existed for computer software. Moreover, his private letters indicate he was skeptical of too much interference by clergy in matters of civil government. Microsoft BASIC became the foundation of a successful software licensing business, being bundled (usually in ROM) with most home and personal computers of the 1970s and 1980s. During his presidency, Jefferson refused to issue proclamations calling for days of prayer and thanksgiving. In 1975, Gates and Allen co-founded Micro-Soft, later Microsoft Corporation, to market their version of BASIC, called Microsoft BASIC. 347:.

Main article: Microsoft. Peterson, ed., Thomas Jefferson: Writings (1984), p. According to King County public records, as of 2002, the total assessed value of the property (land and house) is $113 million, and the annual property tax is just over $1 million. He further developed his thoughts in the Virginia Statute for Religious Freedom (1779), quoted from Merrill D. This small chip sends signals throughout the house, and a given room's temperature and other conditions will change according to preset user preferences. Jefferson also supported what he called a "wall of separation between Church and State", which he believed was a principle expressed within the First Amendment (see Letter to the Danbury Baptist Association, 1802, and Letter to Virginia Baptists, 1808). Visitors are surveyed and given a microchip upon entrance. Virginia thereby became the first state to disestablish religion — Rhode Island, Delaware, and Pennsylvania never having had established religion.

While it does have a classic flavour, the home has many unique qualities. Instead, in 1786 the Virginia General Assembly passed Jefferson's Bill for Religious Freedom, which he had first submitted in 1779, and was one of only three accomplishments he put in his own epitaph. In one respect though it is more like an 18th or 19th century mansion: it has a large private library with a domed reading room. From 1784 to 1786 Jefferson and James Madison worked together to oppose Patrick Henry's attempts to again assess taxes in Virginia to support churches. The Gates home is a very modern 21st century house in the "Pacific Lodge" style, with advanced electronic systems everywhere. Congress in 1903. The Gates family lives in the exclusive suburb of Medina, Washington, in a huge earth-sheltered home in the side of a hill overlooking Lake Washington. This compilation was published after his death and became known as the Jefferson Bible, later printed in some 2,500 copies for the U.S.

Because he is not a Commonwealth citizen, he cannot use the title of "Sir," but he may put the letters "KBE" after his name. He labored on an edited version of the Gospels, removing references to the miracles of Jesus and material he considered preternatural, leaving only Jesus' moral philosophy, of which he approved. On March 2, 2005, the Foreign Office of the United Kingdom announced that Gates would receive the title of Knight of the British Empire for his contribution to enterprise in the United Kingdom and his efforts in poverty reduction around the world. Like most deists, Jefferson did not believe in miracles. Gates also serves on the board of Icos, a Bothell biotech company. He had high esteem for Jesus' moral teachings, which he viewed as the "principles of a pure deism, and juster notions of the attributes of God, to reform [prior Jewish] moral doctrines to the standard of reason, justice & philanthropy, and to inculcate the belief of a future state." (Letter to Joseph Priestley, April 9, 1803.). Berkshire Hathaway is a conglomerate that includes Geico (automobile insurance), Benjamin Moore (paint) and Fruit of the Loom (textiles). Though Jefferson did not believe in the divinity of Jesus, he several times referred to himself as a Christian.

On December 14, 2004, Bill Gates joined Berkshire Hathaway's board, formalizing the relationship between him and Warren Buffett. Jefferson later expressed general agreement with his friend Joseph Priestley's Unitarianism and wrote that he would have liked to have been a member of a Unitarian church, but there were no Unitarian churches in Virginia. According to the Center for Responsive Politics, Gates is cited as having donated at least $33,335 to over 50 political campaigns during the 2004 election cycle. He later removed his name from those available to become godparents, because his beliefs opposed Trinitarian theology. Bush. Before the American Revolution, when the Episcopal Church was the American branch of the Anglican Church of England, Jefferson was a vestryman in his local church, a lay position that was part of political office at the time. According to Forbes, Gates donated money to the 2004 presidential campaign of George W. Jefferson was raised Episcopalian at a time when the Episcopal Church was the state religion in Virginia.

In February 1998 Gates was attacked by Noël Godin with a cream pie. Jefferson believed, furthermore, it was this Creator that endowed humanity with a number of inalienable rights, such as "life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness". Pletcher was convicted and sentenced in July 1998 to six years in prison. Jefferson repeatedly stated his belief in a creator, and in the United States Declaration of Independence uses the terms "Creator", "Nature's God", and "Divine Providence". Gates testified at the subsequent trial. On matters of religion, Jefferson was sometimes accused by his political opponents of being an atheist; however, he is generally regarded as a believer in Deism, a philosophy shared by many other notable intellectuals of his time. In 1997, Gates was the victim of a bizarre extortion plot by Chicago resident Adam Quinn Pletcher. Contemporary scholars debate over whether Jefferson suffered from Asperger's Syndrome, a high-functioning form of autism.

In 1994, Gates acquired the Codex Leicester, a collection of writings by Leonardo da Vinci; as of 2003 it was on display at the Seattle Art Museum. In addition, he burned all of his letters between himself and his wife at her death, creating the portrait of a man who at times could be very private. They have three children, Jennifer Katharine Gates (born April 26, 1996), Rory John Gates (born May 23, 1999) and Phoebe Adele Gates (born September 14, 2002). His reluctance to speak in public is usually attributed to his taciturnity, though some historians believe it was due to a lisp. Gates married Melinda French on January 1, 1994. As president he discontinued the practice of delivering the State of the Union Address in person, instead sending the address to Congress in writing (the practice was eventually revived by Woodrow Wilson); he ended up giving only two public speeches during his presidency. It was inspired by BASIC, an easy-to-learn programming language developed at Dartmouth College for teaching purposes. Though it is a biographical tradition that he lacked wit, Molière and Don Quixote seem to have been his favorites; and though the utilitarian wholly crowds romanticism out of his writings, he had enough of that quality in youth to prepare to learn Gaelic in order to translate Ossian, and sent to James Macpherson for the originals.

While he was a student at Harvard, he co-wrote with Paul Allen the original Altair BASIC interpreter for the Altair 8800 (the first commercially successful personal computer) in the mid 1970s. For many years he was president of the American Philosophical Society. They were roommates during their freshman year. The range of his interests is remarkable. It was while he was at Harvard that he met the current CEO of Microsoft, Steve Ballmer. Yet he seems to have acted habitually, in great and little things, on system. He later went on to study at Harvard University but dropped out without graduating to pursue what would become a lifelong career in software development. Beneath a quiet surface he was fairly aglow with intense convictions and a very emotional temperament.

They were later caught but struck an agreement with lab administrators by providing free computer help to students. There was grace, nevertheless, in his manners; and his frank and earnest address, his quick sympathy (though he seemed cold to strangers), and his vivacious, desultory, informing talk gave him an engaging charm. In need of more computing power, Gates and his computer buddy, Paul Allen, sneaked into the University of Washington computer labs. In later years he was negligent in dress and loose in bearing. Gates attended Lakeside School, Seattle's most exclusive prep school, where he was able to develop his programming skills on the school's minicomputer. He had angular features, very poor posture, a very ruddy complexion, strawberry blonde hair and hazel-flecked, grey eyes. He is William Henry Gates III, his grandfather being the true William Henry Gates Sr. Jefferson was six feet, two-and-one-half inches (189 cm) in height, large-boned, slender, erect and sinewy.

Gates, Sr., a corporate lawyer, and Mary Maxwell Gates, board member of Berkshire Hathaway, First Interstate Bank, Pacific Northwest Bell and the national board of United Way. Jefferson appointed the following Justices to the Supreme Court of the United States:. Bill Gates was born in Seattle, Washington, on October 28, 1955, to William H.
. . He also said that Americans were united in a benign religion, by this he is most likely talking about the identical morals of equality and liberty.he was sex addict most mondren historians think becuse when he was in 20's as lawyer he was caaugth going out a window by woman husband in williamsburg. With Paul Allen, he co-founded Microsoft Corporation, and is now its chairman and "Chief Software Architect." According to Forbes magazine, Gates is the wealthiest person in the world. He said this would make America a great power.

Along with others, he wrote the original Altair BASIC interpreter for the Altair 8800 (an early microcomputer). The final point Jefferson brought up is that America’s citizens are not American from birth, but from sharing the same ideas. William Henry Gates III, KBE (born October 28, 1955), commonly known as Bill Gates, is an American businessman and a microcomputer pioneer. Not having good relations would limit much trade and stifle the economy’s growth, as well as make America a very weak political power. I don't know if there's a god or not, but I think religious principles are quite valid. — PBS interview with David Frost, November 1995. He realized the tremendous implications of being looked down upon by the mighty eyes of mother England, as well as other countries. In terms of doing things I take a fairly scientific approach to why things happen and how they happen. Another one of his important points was that America needs to become strong in the eyes of foreign powers.

One of the companies Carver owns is in the business of developing operating systems and software that are bug-ridden, forcing users into a perpetual upgrade cycle. He attended and then attempted to institute many reforms at the College of William & Mary — where he was a member of the secret Flat Hat Club — before founding his own vision of higher education at the University of Virginia. Tomorrow Never Dies (1997) — Elliot Carver (played by Jonathan Pryce) is the head of a major communication organisations. Jefferson's parents were Peter Jefferson (March 29, 1708–August 17, 1757) and Jane Randolph (February 20, 1720–March 31, 1776), both from families who had been settled in Virginia for several generations. The author has admitted that he is based on Gates. . Love You (1996) — Early in the series, Hitoshi and Saati meet an evil hacker supergenius named Billy G. Kennedy welcomed 49 Nobel Prize winners to the White House in 1962, saying, "I think this is the most extraordinary collection of talent, of human knowledge, that has ever been gathered at the White House, with the possible exception of when Thomas Jefferson dined alone." Achievements of his presidency include the Louisiana Purchase and the Lewis and Clark Expedition.

A.I. President John F. The discovery makes Angela the target of a cyber-terrorist group known as the Praetorians, apparently loyal to Gregg, who erase her identity and attempt to kill her in an effort to recover the incriminating disk. Many people consider Jefferson to be among the most brilliant men ever to occupy the Presidency. The Net (1995) — Angela Bennett, a reclusive software engineer played by Sandra Bullock, inadvertently discovers a backdoor in a security program being marketed to the federal government by a Microsoft-like software company headed by billionaire Jeff Gregg, who bears a marked resemblance to Bill Gates in the few scenes where he appears. Thomas Jefferson (April 13, 1743 – July 4, 1826) was the third (1801–1809) President of the United States, second (1797)–1801) Vice President of the United States, and an American statesman, ambassador to France, political philosopher, revolutionary, agriculturalist, horticulturist, land owner, architect, archaeologist, slaveowner, author, inventor, and founder of the University of Virginia. 2005 - $46.5 billion, ranked #1. Press, 1989).