Bauhaus

References include:. ** Refers to the influence of other recreational drugs as well as alcohol, most frequently marijuana. Some other outstanding artists of the times were lecturers at the Bauhaus :. * Refers to slight drunkenness. In 1999 Bauhaus-Dessau College started to organize postgraduate programs with participants from all over the world by the support of Bauhaus-Dessau Foundation which was founded in 1994 as a public institution. The Qur'an, or book of Islam, declares that God prohibits the consumption of alcohol by humankind, because of harmful effects for the body, harmful effects for the consumer's life and family, social problems, and distraction from mindfulness of God. The world famous and ubiquitous Cantilever chair by designer Mart Stam, using the tensile properties of steel, is an example. Many religions discourage or prohibit alcohol consumption.

The most important contribution of Bauhaus is in the field of furniture design. This also works in the game of Nethack. There was no teaching of history in the school because everything was supposed to be designed and created according to first principles rather than following precedent. The Ancient Greeks believed that putting a piece of amethyst in the glass or in one's mouth while drinking prevented drunkenness, although this usage may be related to a play on words (Ancient Greek: "a-methyst" meaning "not intoxicated"). Vorkurs ("initial course") was taught; this is the modern day Basic Design course that has become one of the key foundational courses offered in architectural schools all over the world. Drunkenness is generally felt to be a good thing by the drunk person, at least until it wears off and the associated hangover starts. The machine was considered a positive element and therefore industrial and product design were important components. Arguably, such an attitude can be regarded as pathological, leading as it often does to alcoholism.

One of the main objectives of the Bauhaus was to unify art, craft and technology. Many societies have cultural stereotypes associated with drunkenness - where the ability to drink vast quantities of alcohol is thought to be worthy of respect. The Bauhaus had a major impact on art and architecture trends in western Europe and the United States in the decades following its demise, as many of the artists involved fled or were exiled by the Nazi regime. A person who is an alcoholic or habitually drunk is often referred to as a 'drunk', or, more traditionally, a 'drunkard'. Nazi writers such as Wilhelm Frick and Alfred Rosenberg called the Bauhaus "un-German," and criticized its modernist styles. Extreme over-indulgence can lead to alcohol poisoning and death due to respiratory depression. They considered it a front for communists, especially because many Russian artists were involved with it. This is often a common symptom of the hangover.

The Nazi Party and other fascist political groups had opposed the Bauhaus throughout the 1920s. When this wears off (usually taking until the following morning) the brain has adjusted to the spinning, and interprets not spinning as spinning in the opposite direction causing further disorientation. Gropius was succeeded in turn by Hannes Meyer and then Ludwig Mies van der Rohe; the Bauhaus was moved again in 1932 to Berlin, and was closed on the orders of the Nazi regime in 1933. These 'fake' nerve impulse tells the brain that the body is rotating, causing disorientation and making the eyes spin round to compensate. Its head of printing and design was Herbert Bayer. However, when alcohol gets in to the bloodstream it distorts the shape of the cupola, causing it to keep pressing on to the hairs. The Bauhaus issued a magazine called "Bauhaus" and a series of books called "Bauhausbücher". This brushes against hairs in the ear, creating nerve impulses that travel through the vestibulocochlear nerve (Cranial nerve VIII) in to the brain.

The school was mainly concerned with architecture, and often built affordable public housing for the Weimar government, but also dealt with other branches of art. Inside both of these is a flexible blob called a cupula, which moves when the body moves. A major component of that exhibition was the Weissenhof Siedlung, a "settlement" or housing project. Balance in the body is monitored principally by two systems: the semicircular canals, and the utricle and saccule pair. In 1927, the Bauhaus style and its most famous architects heavily influenced the exhibition "Die Wohnung" ("The Dwelling") organized by "Deutscher Werkbund" in Stuttgart. Although motor areas of the brain are usually heavily affected at this time, it is not directly the brain which is responsible here; alcohol has affected the organs responsible for balance (vestibular system), present in the ears. The Bauhaus was largely subsidized by the early Weimar Republic. After a change in government, the school moved to Dessau in 1925, where the Bauhaus University was built. Often, after a lot of alcohol has been consumed, it is possible to get the sense that the room is spinning, a type of nystagmus referred to as positional alcohol nystagmus.

He was the head of the school from 1919 to 1928. Severe drunkenness and diabetic coma can be mistaken for each other, with potentially serious medical consequences for diabetics. To these ends, Gropius wanted to re-unite art and craft to arrive at high-end functional products with artistic pretensions. With less glucose metabolism, the cells work less efficiently and aren't able to process images properly. His style in architecture and consumer goods was to be functional, cheap and consistent with mass production. The occipital lobe, the part of the brain responsible for interpreting vision, has been found to become especially impaired, consuming 29 percent less glucose than it should. Gropius argued that a new period of history had begun with the end of the war, and wanted to create a new architectural style to reflect this new era. Alcohol seems to suppress the metabolism of glucose in the brain.

Much internal and external conflict followed. Blurred vision is another common symptom of drunkenness. The early intention was for the Bauhaus to be a combined architecture school, crafts school, and academy of the arts. As the GABA system is found in the hippocampus, which is thought to play a large role in memory formation, this is thought to be possible. Most of the contents of the workshops had been sold off during the war. It has been asserted that GABA signals interfere with the registration and consolidation stages of memory formation. The school was founded by Walter Gropius at Weimar in 1919, as a merger of the Grand Ducal School of the Plastic Arts with the Kunstgewerbeschule. GABA could also be responsible for the memory impairment that many people experience.

Bauhaus style became one of the most influential currents in Modernist architecture. The GABA system is known to inhibit activity in the brain, and would cause other areas to slow down. The most natural meaning for its name (related to the German verb for "build") is Architecture House. Contributing to this effect is the activity which alcohol induces in the gamma-aminobutyric acid system (GABA). Bauhaus is the common term for the Staatliches Bauhaus, an art and architecture school in Germany that operated from 1919 to 1933, and for the approach to design that it developed and taught. NMDA receptors start to become unresponsive, slowing thought in the areas of the brain they are responsible for. The Letters and Diaries of Oskar Schlemmer ISBN 0-8195-4047-1. The effect alcohol has on the NMDA receptors, earlier responsible for pleasurable stimulation, turns from a blessing to a curse later in the evening if further alcohol is consumed.

Marianne Brandt. Likewise, people consuming non-alcoholic beer or "shirley temple" mixed drinks have been observed exhibiting increasingly drunk-like behavior on a par with their alcohol drinking companions even though their own drinks contained no alcohol whatsoever. Gunda Stölzl. A scientific study found that people drinking in a social setting significantly and dramatically altered their behaviour immediately after the first sip of alcohol, well before the chemical itself could have filtered through to the nervous system. Lothar Schreyer. Behavioural changes associated with drunkenness are, to some degree, contextual. Joost Schmidt. This causes reward systems in the brain to become more active, and combined with released inhibition can induce people to behave in an uncharacteristically loud and cheerful manner.

Oskar Schlemmer. This is due to increased metabolism in areas of the brain associated with movement, such as the nigrostriatal pathway. Hinnerk Scheper. A related effect, caused by even low levels of alcohol, is the tendency for people to become more animated in speech and movement. Georg Muche. Areas of the brain responsible for planning and motor learning are dulled. László Moholy-Nagy. A well-known side effect of alcohol is lowering inhibitions.

Gerhard Marcks. Heightened pulses are thought to correspond to higher levels of enjoyment. Paul Klee. Alpha waves are observed (with the aid of EEGs) when the body is relaxed. Wassily Kandinsky. Another one of alcohol's agreeable effects is body relaxation, possibly caused by heightened alpha brain waves surging across the brain. Johannes Itten. Stimulated areas include the cortex, hippocampus and nucleus accumbens, which are responsible for thinking and pleasure seeking.

Lyonel Feininger. Alcohol sensitises the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) system of the brain, making it more receptive to the neurotransmitter glutamate. Marcel Breuer. Although alcohol is commonly thought of purely as a depressant, at low concentrations it can actually stimulate certain areas of the brain. Josef Albers. An appropriate first aid response to an unconscious, drunken person is a manouever known as the recovery position. Death can also be caused by asphyxiation (choking) as a result of vomit blocking the trachea.

After excessive drinking, unconsciousness can occur and in extreme cases (when the concentration of alcohol in the bloodstream is over 0.5 percent) alcohol can even cause death. Alcohol has a biphasic effect on the body - its effects transform over an evening of drinking, from initial feelings of relaxation and cheerfulness to blurred vision and problems with coordination. This can contribute to the correspondingly dramatic effect seen when large amounts are taken. Cell membranes are highly permeable to alcohol, so once alcohol is in the bloodstream it can diffuse into nearly every tissue of the body.

This is because the presence of food in the stomach is able to slow the absorption of alcohol into the bloodstream, spreading its effect over a longer period of time. Drinking after eating a large meal is much less likely to induce drunkenness compared with drinking on an empty stomach. The amount consumed and the circumstances under which the alcohol was taken can play a large part in determining the extent of drunkenness. Alcohol is a potent drug and consequently it has a range of side effects, some pleasurable and some less so.

ethanol) to a sufficient degree to impair mental and motor functioning. Drunkenness, in its most common usage, is the state of being intoxicated with alcohol (i.e. zonked **. wiped out **.

wazzocked. wasted **. wankered. under the table.

under the influence. trollied. trashed **. totally awesome.

tired and emotional (used to describe politicians who make fools of themselves when drunk, see Private Eye). tipsy *. tiddly *. three sheets to/in the wind.

tanked up. tanked. swallied (Glasgow slang). stewed.

steaming. squiffed / squiffy. spiced. sozzled.

soused. smashed. sloshed. sloppy.

slammed. slaughtered. skunked (from "drunk as a skunk", note: different etymology of "cannabis-intoxicated" meaning, from "skunk", a type of marijuana) **. shnockered.

shit-faced. shit-canned. shikker (Yiddish). sauce monster.

rat-arsed / ratted. pounded. popped. plowed.

plastered. parcel forced. means "angry"; variants: "Pissed as a newt", "Pissed out of his/her skull", "Pissed to the eyeballs"...). pissed (generally not used in U.S., as pissed in the U.S.

pie-eyed. Perry-Egertsoned. out of it **. out of his/her head **.

one too many (to have had). one over the eight. off the path. newted (from "pissed as a newt").

mortal. merry *. mashed. maggoted.

locked. where it more normally means "wealthy") **. loaded (as slang, generally not used in U.K. liquored up.

legless. jacked **. inebriated. Ian Smith'd.

hurt. hosed (largely Canadian usage). hootered. honkeyed.

happy * **. hammered. half-cut. hairy uncle dan.

gunned. "he's so far gone!"). gone (e.g. gassed.

fucked/fucked up (not exclusively for drunkenness, of course) **. flaming. faded. discombobulated.

destroyed. crunked. caned **. buzzed *.

bombed. bollocksed. blootered. blotto.

blitzed **. blasted. bladdered. bevvyed.

beered up. battered. ball hair. arseholed.