Barbie

NRFB - Stands for "Never Removed From Box." Indicates that a doll is undisturbed in its original, un-opened packaging. Since then, several other countries have gone on to capture the trophy. Modern - Dolls produced after 1972. However India refused to play in the final that year in protest against the South African government's apartheid policies, thus handing South Africa a walk-over victory. Vintage - Dolls produced through 1972 are generally considered to be "vintage.". Their domination was broken in 1974, when South Africa and India qualified for the final. Many variations of this original design have been used. Up to 1973, the Davis Cup had only ever been won by the U.S.A., Great Britain, France and Australia/Australasia.

A waist with a rotational joint, originally introduced in 1967, copyrighted in 1966. has won the event the most times (31), followed by Australia (23 [28 including Australasia]), France and Great Britain (9 each)[Includes British Isles 5], Sweden (7), and Australasia (5). TNT - "Twist 'N Turn" Waist. Since inception, the U.S.A. Timeless Treasures™ - A Collector Edition line featuring celebrity and character dolls. From 1950 to 1967, Australia dominated the competition, winning the Cup 15 times in 18 years. The major categories are denoted by numbers:. (Dwight Davis became a prominent politician in the United States in the 1920s, serving as Secretary of War from 1925-29 and as Governor General of the Philippines from 1929-32.).

Early Barbie dolls are organized into five major groups based on various physical characterstics that can be used to determine when a particular doll was manufactured. It was renamed the Davis Cup following the death of Dwight Davis in 1945. Dolls with this hairstyle are referred to by collectors as the "ponytail" dolls. The tournament was initially known as the International Lawn Tennis Challenge. Ponytail - Barbie's first hairstyle consisted of a top-knot ponytail with tightly-curled bangs. By 1905 the tournament expanded to include Belgium, Austria, France, and Australasia, a combined team from Australia and New Zealand that competed together until 1913. Denotes a doll that is still dressed in the swimsuit it originally came in. The following year the two countries did not compete but the US won the next match in 1902.

OSS - Stands for "original swimsuit". The American team, of which Dwight Davis was a part, surprised the British by winning the first three matches. These dolls generally feature higher-quality materials and construction than non-limited dolls. The first match, between the United States and Great Britain was held in Boston, Massachusetts in 1900. Limited Edition - Collector Edition dolls produced in limited quantities worldwide, which are often available only from specific retailers. Davis, designed a tournament format and spent the money from his own pocket to purchase an appropriate sterling silver trophy. Customized - Dolls designed exclusively for specific retail stores are referred to as "customized". Once the idea received the go ahead from the respective lawn tennis associations, one of the four Harvard players, Dwight F.

Collector Edition dolls usually come in showcase packaging, with a stand and a certificate of authenticity. The tournament was conceived in 1899 by four members of the Harvard University tennis team who came up with the idea of challenging the British to a tennis showdown. Collector Edition - Dolls designed specifically for collectors aged 14 and over. . Though not feature length, they are fairly abundant in plot. The women's equivalent of the Davis Cup is the Fed Cup (known as the Federation Cup before 1995). In recent years, she has taken the computer animated movie industry by storm, guest appearing in Toy Story 2, and later her own direct-to-video movies, Barbie in the Nutcracker, Barbie as Rapunzel, Barbie of Swan Lake, Barbie as the Princess and the Pauper, Barbie:Fairytopia, and Barbie and the Magic of Pegasus, all of which were accompanied by small product lines, including dolls. If a team has clinched the rubber before all 5 matches are played, any remaining reverse singles matches are shortened to best-of-3 sets.

By the late-1990s, Mattel had moved to featuring her in interactive 3D video games for both gaming consoles and personal computers. All rubbers are normally best-of-5 sets. In the late 1980s, Barbie had two videos, Barbie and the Rockers and Barbie and the Sensations. There is no restriction on which of the playing team members plays the doubles match: the two singles players, two other players (usually doubles specialists) or a combination. This new series showcased Barbie's adventurous exploits. In the past, teams could only substitute final day singles players when the result of the tie had already been determined, but nowadays the rules allow teams to select any playing team member to play the last two singles matches provided that first day matchups are not repeated. In the mid-1990s, a new line of novels about Barbie appeared. On the Thursday before play starts schedule of play is randomly drawn to decide the pairings of the nominated singles players in the first two rubbers.

Books about Barbie first emerged in the 1960s. The captain of each nation is able to nominate a squad of four players for each tie and he decides which of these players will compete in the first three rubbers. [9]. If the tie has already been decided in favour of one of the teams, it is common for younger lower-ranked team members to play the remaining 'dead-rubbers' in order for them to gain Davis Cup experience. While the original Barbie sold for $3.00 in 1959, a mint boxed Barbie from 1959 sold for $3552.50 on eBay in October 2004. On the third day, the final two matches are typically reverse singles in which the first-day contestants traditionally play again, but swap opponents from the first day's singles matches. Forty-five-percent of them spend upwards of $1000 a year. A doubles match is played on the second day.

Ninety-percent are women, at an average age of 40, purchasing more than 20 Barbie dolls each year. On the Friday, the first two matches are singles, generally between the two best available players of each country. Mattel estimates that there are well over 100,000 avid Barbie collectors. Each World Group 'tie' between two competing nations consists of 5 matches (known as 'rubbers') carried out over the course of three days, usually Friday, Saturday, and Sunday. See also Superstar: The Karen Carpenter Story. Countries aspire to compete in the elite World Group of 16 nations which comprises four rounds of competition spread over four weekends during the year. A commercial by automobile company Nissan featured dolls similar to Barbie and Ken driving in a toy car was the subject of another lawsuit on September 18, 1997 [8]. In 2005 134 nations entered teams into the competition.

However, it was dismissed by the court as parody on May 15, 1998. The largest annual team competition in sport, the Davis Cup is run by the International Tennis Federation and is contested between teams of players from competing countries in a knock-out format. Mattel used this as grounds for a trademark infringement and defamation lawsuit filed on September 11, 1997. The Davis Cup is the premier international team event in men's tennis. It contained lyrics such as "You can brush my hair/Undress me everywhere" and used graphics similar to the pink Barbie logo. Chile. The European pop-dance group Aqua released a song called "Barbie Girl" in 1997. United States or Romania vs.

Many artists have referred to Barbie and her accompanying products, either as homage or as parody. Russia. [7]. France vs. She also ran for President after breaking up with Ken. Switzerland or Australia. These include astronaut, gymnast, rapper and soldier models. Belarus vs.

To counter accusations of gender stereotyping, career Barbies have been released. Argentina. As of 2005 there are also a "Kelly: Dolls of the World" where Barbies "little sister" and two friends represent different European countries. Croatia vs. In 2001 The Princess Collection" was issued for instance with dolls named Princess of India, Princess of the Navajo, Princess of the Vikings. Slovakia 3-0 in Rancagua, Chile. The European countries are highly over-represented but there are also Peruvian, Kenyan, Chinese, Arctic, Japanese and Australian Barbies. Chile def.

The dolls are dressed in more or less traditional clothes, each representing a nation. United States leads Romania 2-1 in La Jolla, California, United States. Mattel also released an international collection, the Dolls Of The World, in 1980, with Barbies from different parts of the world. Netherlands 3-0 in Amsterdam, Netherlands. Most commonly the Hispanic Teresa and African-American Christie appear as Barbie's "ethno-friend" alongside Skipper and occasionally red-head Midge, who has been around since the sixties. Russia def. Still, these Barbies are exact replicas of the original Barbie, with no individualism other than skin, hair, and eye color. Germany 3-0 in Halle, Germany.

Barbies of different nationalities have also been created, including African, Hispanic, Asian and Native American Barbies. France def. One of the most publicized responses happened around the turn of the century, as Barbie's waist widened to more natural proportions. Australia are level with Switzerland 2-2 in Geneva, Switzerland. [6]. Spain 3-0 in Minsk, Belarus. Dr Agnes Nairn said: "When we asked groups of junior school children about Barbie, the doll provoked rejection, hatred and violence." Dr Nairn went on to suggest that older girls rejected Barbie dolls because they were seen as an unwelcome reminder of their childhood. Belarus def.

In December 2005 research published by psychologists at Bath University in England suggested that girls often mutilate their Barbie dolls in a variety of ways, including decapitation and placing the doll in a microwave oven. Sweden 3-0 in Buenos Aires, Argentina. [5]. Argentina def. These dolls are not produced or endorsed by Mattel but are similar in appearance and are dressed in traditional Islamic costumes such as a full length dress and headscarf. Austria 3-0 in Graz, Austria. Opposition to Barbie dolls in the Middle East has led to the sale of a Barbie-like doll called Fulla. Croatia def.

This resulted in the new modified Barbie saying, "Eat lead, Cobra!" and "Dead men tell no lies." [4]. 1900 - United States wins 3-0 over Great Britain. A group of parents, feminists and other activists known as the Barbie Liberation Organization bought hundreds of Barbies and GI Joe dolls, and switched their voice circuitry. 1901 - no tournament. One of these 270 phrases was "Math is tough!" Although only about 1.5% of all the dolls sold said the phrase, it caused public outcry over Barbie's representation of women, and the infamous phrase quickly became a common pop culture reference. 1902 - United States wins 3-2 over Great Britain. It spoke a number of phrases such as, "Will we ever have enough clothes?" "I love shopping!" and, "Wanna have a pizza party?" Each doll was programmed to say four out of 270 possible phrases, so chances were good that no two dolls owned by a girl or her friends would be exactly the same. 1903 - Great Britain wins 4-1 over the United States.

This culminated in 1992 when Mattel released "Teen Talk Barbie", a talking version of the doll. 1904 - Great Britain wins 5-0 over Belgium. Her accessories reflect a lifestyle that is unobtainable for most of the girls who play with her. 1905 - Great Britain wins 5-0 over the United States. The enormous range of available accessories relating to clothes, hair, make-up, parties and looking pretty give rise to the accusation that Barbie encourages young girls to focus on shallow trivia. 1906 - Great Britain wins 5-0 over the United States. Barbie's defenders say that her exaggerated proportions are necessary for her to look natural when wearing clothing. 1907 - Australasia wins 3-2 over Great Britain.

She would wear size 3 children's shoes, far too small to support her top-heavy frame with size-39 breasts. 1908 - Australasia wins 3-2 over the United States. Barbie would be unable to stand on her feet. 1909 - Australasia wins 5-0 over the United States. These rings crush the collar bone over time to give the appearance of an elongated neck. 1910 - no tournament. Long necks are valued in many societies; for example, the Burmese sometimes practice neck enlongation body modification by using neck rings. 1911 - Australasia wins 5-0 over the United States.

1995 Nov;18(3):295-8) to match Barbie's proportions. 1912 - Great Britain wins 3-2 over Australasia. (Int J Eat Disord. 1913 - United States wins 3-2 over Great Britain. According to research the by Yale Center for Eating and Weight Disorders, a healthy woman would have to have her neck elongated by 3.2 in. 1914 - Australia wins 3-2 over the United States. [3]. 1915 to 1918 - no tournament due to World War I.

According to research by the University Central Hospital in Helsinki, Finland, she would lack the requisite 17 to 22 percent of body fat required to menstruate. 1919 - Australia wins 4-1 over Great Britain. If scaled into real life proportions, she would be 5 feet, 9 inches, (1.75 m) measuring 36-18-33. 1920 - United States wins 5-0 over Australia. Barbie's height and exaggerated hourglass figure drew criticism from parents and anorexia nervosa groups. 1921 - United States wins 5-0 over Japan. The first African-American Barbie, "Black Barbie," appeared thirteen years later. 1922 - United States wins 4-1 over Australia.

The first of Barbie's black friends, "Colored Francie," debuted in 1967, but racial tensions quickly caused this doll to be discontinued. 1923 - United States wins 4-1 over Australia. See bimbo. 1924 - United States wins 5-0 over Australia. "Barbie" is sometimes used as a derogatory slang term for a person, particularly a girl or woman, who is stupid. 1925 - United States wins 5-0 over France. In addition, Saudi authorities determined Barbie to be a Jewish doll, as her creator was of Jewish descent. 1926 - United States wins 4-1 over France.

The Middle Eastern country of Saudi Arabia outlawed the sale of Barbie dolls on September 10, 2003 for not conforming to the ideals of Islam. 1927 - France wins 3-2 over the United States. The criticisms leveled at her are often based around the idea of children considering Barbie a role model and attempting to emulate her. 1928 - France wins 4-1 over the United States. Her popularity ensures that her effect on the play of Western children attracts a high degree of scrutiny. 1929 - France wins 3-2 over the United States. Barbie is often looked upon as an icon of Western childhood. 1930 - France wins 4-1 over the United States.

Among them are Calvin Klein, Donna Karan, Bob Mackie, Nicole Miller, Christian Dior, Escada, Anne Klein, Ralph Lauren, Donatella Versace, Bill Blass and Paul Frank. 1931 - France wins 3-2 over Great Britain.
Many designers have been given the opportunity to design clothing for Barbie. 1932 - France wins 3-2 over the United States. Many groups say that young girls may set the doll as their model, leading to issues with body image and gender role insercurities later in life. 1933 - Great Britain wins 3-2 over France. However, recently Barbie's presence in in the life of an American girl has been said to be a negative influence. 1934 - Great Britain wins 4-1 over the United States.

Here are some of them:. 1935 - Great Britain wins 5-0 over the United States. She has taken up many occupations over the years. 1936 - Great Britain wins 3-2 over Australia. Barbie has often been used to promote gender equality as an example that women can "be anything". 1937 - United States wins 4-1 over Great Britain. According to a Mattel press release:. 1938 - United States wins 3-2 over Australia.

On August 12, 2004, Barbie announced she was running for the presidency of the United States, as a member of the Party of Girls. 1939 - Australia wins 3-2 over the United States. Mattel admits that much of the Ken narrative has been shaped by feedback from fans submitted to the Barbie website.[2]. 1940 to 1945 - no tournament due to World War II. His new look includes a more rugged jaw-line, softer mouth, and a more defined nose, with a wardrobe by celebrity stylist Phillip Broch which includes cargo pants, motorcycle jackets, and fitted suits with peak lapels. 1946 - United States wins 5-0 over Australia. Since the break-up, he has traveled the world with stops in Europe and the Middle East, dabbled in Buddhism and learned to cook. 1947 - United States wins 4-1 over Australia.

On February 8, 2006, almost two years after the break-up and co-inciding with the opening of the American International Toy Fair, Mattel announced Ken has resurfaced and has caught Barbie's interest again. 1948 - United States wins 5-0 over Australia. [1]. 1949 - United States wins 4-1 over Australia. He is available in the "Cali Guy" range that accompanies the "Cali Girl" range of Barbie dolls that show Barbie with suntanned skin. 1950 - Australia wins 4-1 over United States. For a time, Barbie's new beau was Blaine, a surfer from Sydney, Australia who has just moved to California. 1951 - Australia wins 3-2 over the United States.

A Mattel press release ended saying "Although their future is yet to be set in "cement," one thing is for certain - Barbie and Ken will always remain the best of friends.". 1952 - Australia wins 4-1 over the United States. And now they feel it's time to spend some quality time – apart.". 1953 - Australia wins 3-2 over the United States. "In fact, they just finished wrapping their fourth movie together, 'Barbie™ as The Princess and the Pauper,' which debuts this fall. 1954 - United States wins 3-2 over Australia. "Barbie and Ken have always been an extraordinary couple with so much on- and off-screen chemistry" said the pair's business manager, Russell Arons, Vice President Marketing, Mattel. 1955 - Australia wins 5-0 over the United States.

On February 12, 2004, just days before Valentine's, Mattel spokespeople announced the split of Barbie and Ken after 43 years of dating. 1956 - Australia wins 5-0 over the United States.
. 1957 - Australia wins 3-2 over the United States. She also has a pilot's license, and operates commercial airliners, when not serving as a stewardess. 1958 - United States wins 3-2 over Australia. Barbie has used her driver's license to the fullest, with pink convertibles, trailers and more. 1959 - Australia wins 3-2 over the United States.

Barbie has thirty-eight recorded pets, including cats and dogs, horses, a panda, a lion cub, and a zebra. 1960 - Australia wins 4-1 over Italy. Barbie has been said to attend Willows High School in Willows, Wisconsin and Manhattan International High School in New York City (based on the real-life Stuyvesant High School). 1961 - Australia wins 5-0 over Italy. Other longstanding friends in Barbie's ethnically diverse social circle include Hispanic Teresa, African-American Christie and Steven (Christie's boyfriend), and the ethnically-ambiguous Kayla. 1962 - Australia wins 5-0 over Mexico. Barbie has dated Ken since 1961, and after a long estrangement was reunited with her best friend Midge in the early nineties. 1963 - United States wins 3-2 over Australia.

Additions to the family tree include Skipper (debut 1964), twins Tutti and Todd (1966), Stacie (1992), Kelly (1995), and baby Krissy (1999). 1964 - Australia wins 3-2 over the United States. She has been given the fuller name Barbara Millicent Roberts, and a family and friends have been manufactured for her, starting with her beau Ken. 1965 - Australia wins 4-1 over Spain. Barbie's fictional biography has developed as her sales continued. 1966 - Australia wins 4-1 over India. Mattel has claimed that approximately three Barbie dolls are sold every second. 1967 - Australia wins 4-1 over Spain.

The Barbie doll is a $1.9 billion dollar a year industry. 1968 - United States wins 4-1 over Australia. Mattel has adjusted Barbie's proportions in recent years as an answer to current fashion trends, but the present Barbie doll body is still uncharacteristic of most women. 1969 - United States wins 5-0 over Romania. Mattel asserts that Barbie's exaggerated proportions are necessary to allow clothes to fit properly on such a small scale, but many have suggested that Barbie's unrealistic proportions may contribute to self-esteem and body image problems in young girls. 1970 - United States wins 5-0 over West Germany. However, Barbie's exaggerated proportions have always been a point of contention for her detractors. 1971 - United States wins 3-2 over Romania.

Ruth Handler stated that she felt it was "important to a little girl's self-esteem to play with a doll that [had] breasts", believing it would allow them role-play and imagine their future lives as adult women. 1972 - United States wins 3-2 over Romania. Barbie's wardrobe was designed by esteemed Mattel fashion designer Charlotte Johnson, whose inspiration came from the fashion runways of Paris. 1973 - Australia wins 5-0 over the United States. The doll was marketed as a "Teen-age Fashion Model", so many fashions were available for her as well. 1974 - South Africa wins over India (walkover). In succeeding years, Barbie dolls were made available with other hair styles and colors. 1975 - Sweden wins 3-2 over Czechoslovakia.

The dolls were available either as blonds or brunettes. 1976 - Italy wins 4-1 over Chile. The first Barbie doll wore a black-and-white "zebra-striped" swimsuit and signature topknot ponytail with tightly-curled bangs. 1977 - Australia wins 3-1 over Italy. (This date is also used as Barbie's official "birthday".). 1978 - United States wins 4-1 over Great Britain. The doll made its debut at the New York International American Toy Fair on March 9, 1959. 1979 - United States wins 5-0 over Italy.

A new sculpt was designed (with help from engineer Jack Ryan), the concept was revamped, and the doll was given a new name: Barbie, after Handler's daughter, Barbara. 1980 - Czechoslovakia wins 4-1 over Italy. At some point, Mattel acquired the rights to the Lilli doll. 1981 - United States wins 3-1 over Argentina. The doll was so popular, she was even exported to other countries, including the United States. 1982 - United States wins 4-1 over France. Although the doll was initially marketed to adult men in bars and tobacco shops, it eventually became popular with children, who enjoyed dressing her up in outfits that were available separately. 1983 - Australia wins 3-2 over Sweden.

The Lilli doll was first sold in Germany in 1955. 1984 - Sweden wins 4-1 over the United States. Lilli was a fashionable "society girl" who knew what she wanted and wasn't above using men to get it. 1985 - Sweden wins 3-2 over West Germany. The Lilli doll was based on a popular character appearing in a newspaper comic strip drawn by Reinhard Beuthin for die Bild-Zeitung. 1986 - Australia wins 3-2 over Sweden. She gave one to her daughter and took the others back to Mattel. 1987 - Sweden wins 5-0 over India.

The adult-figured Lilli doll was exactly what Handler had had in mind, so she purchased three of them. 1988 - West Germany wins 4-1 over Sweden. However, during a trip to Germany with her daughter, Handler discovered a German doll named Lilli in a shop window. 1989 - West Germany wins 3-2 over Sweden. Mattel's directors told her that it would be impossible to create such a doll. 1990 - United States wins 3-2 over Australia. Realizing that there was a hole in the marketplace, Handler suggested the idea of a three-dimensional adult-bodied doll to her husband, Elliot Handler, a co-founder of the Mattel toy company, but the idea was scoffed at. 1991 - France wins 3-1 over the United States.

At that time, most three-dimensional dolls were made to look like babies or small children; however, Barbara preferred playing with paper dolls that looked like adults. 1992 - United States wins 3-1 over Switzerland. In the 1950s Ruth Handler, "creator" of the Barbie doll, noticed that her daughter, Barbara, preferred to play with dolls that resembled adults rather than babies. 1993 - Germany wins 4-1 over Australia. . 1994 - Sweden wins 4-1 over Russia. Barbie and her accessories are manufactured to approximately 1/6th scale. 1995 - United States wins 3-2 over Russia.

Totally Hair Barbie featured extra-long hair, which reached from her head down to her toes. 1996 - France wins 3-2 over Sweden. The highest-selling Barbie doll in Mattel's history, Totally Hair Barbie (known as "Ultra Hair Barbie" outside the US), was released in 1992. 1997 - Sweden wins 5-0 over the United States. The doll is produced by Mattel, inc. 1998 - Sweden wins 4-1 over Italy. Barbie, the world's most famous and best-selling doll, debuted at the American International Toy Fair on March 9, 1959. 1999 - Australia wins 3-2 over France.

The most popular Barbie joke is as follows: A man goes into a shop to buy a Barbie doll for his daughter, looks at the various models on display and asks the shop assistant in a puzzled way: "Why is Divorced Barbie so much more expensive than the other dolls?" "That's easy, sir" replies the shop assistant, "Divorced Barbie comes with Ken's car, Ken's house, Ken's furniture...". 2000 - Spain wins 3-1 over Australia. Barbie appears briefly in the 1999 movie Toy Story 2 as Tour Guide Barbie and Barbie on Backpack. 2001 - France wins 3-2 over Australia. [15]. 2002 - Russia wins 3-2 over France. In December 1999 a 46-year old man from Taiwan named Chang Hsi-hsum "married" a Barbie doll in a ceremony at his local Buddhist temple, in the belief that it housed the spirit of his former wife Tsai who had killed herself twenty years previously. 2003 - Australia wins 3-1 over Spain.

Barbie's measurements, if she were life size, are 39-23-33. Tommy Robredo (ESP) 7-6 (8), 6-2. Several years ago, it was estimated that if every Barbie ever sold were laid end to end, the dolls would circle the world seven times. Mardy Fish (USA) def. Barbie doll has lots of famous friends; Mattel has produced many celebrity dolls throughout the years. Andy Roddick (USA) 6-2, 7-6 (1), 7-6 (5). In The Simpsons, there is a parody of Barbie called Malibu Stacy. Carlos Moyà (ESP) def.

When this gene is absent, the flies form without external genitalia. Juan Carlos Ferrero/Tommy Robredo (ESP) 6-0, 6-3, 6-2. There is a gene in the Drosophila fruit-fly called the "ken and barbie" gene (abbreviated ken). Bob Bryan/Mike Bryan (USA) def. In Sweden, more Barbie dolls have been sold than the country's current population. Andy Roddick (USA) 6-7 (6), 6-2, 7-6 (6), 6-2. See full list of Barbie's careers. Rafael Nadal (ESP) def.

Tourist at Walt Disney World and Disneyland