BaptistBaptist churches are part of a Christian movement often regarded as an Evangelical, Protestant denomination. Baptists emphasize a believer's baptism by full immersion, which is performed after a profession of faith in Jesus as Lord and Savior. A congregational governance system gives autonomy to individual local Baptist churches, which are sometimes associated in organizations such as the Southern Baptist Convention. In the late 1990s, there were about 43 million Baptists worldwide with about 33 million in the United States. BeliefsBaptist churches do not have a central governing authority, resulting in a wide range of beliefs from one Baptist church to another. Baptist distinctives are beliefs that are common among Baptist churches, some of which are also shared with many other post-reformational denominations. Baptist distinctives acrosticThis acrostic is used by some Baptist churches as a summary of the distinctives or distinguishing beliefs of Baptists.
Believer's baptismBeliever's baptism is an ordinance that plays no role in salvation and is performed after a person professes Jesus Christ as Lord and Savior. It is an outward expression that is symbolic of the inward cleansing or remission of their sins that has already taken place. It is also a public identification of that person with Christianity and with that particular local church. Most Baptist church used baptism as a criterion for membership. Baptists emphasize baptism by full immersion, the mode used by John the Baptist, which consists of lowering the candidate in water backwards, while a pastor invokes the Trinitarian formula of Matthew 28:19. This mode is also preferred for its parallel imagery to the death, burial, and resurrection of Jesus. Recognition of other modes of baptism by other Baptists and Christian groups vary from one church to another. A few Baptist churches allow for baptism by sprinkling as an alternative mode for the disabled or elderly. Some Baptist churches will recognize baptisms performed in other orthodox Christian churches that were not performed on infants. Through Anabaptist influence, Baptists reject the practice of infant baptism or pedobaptism because they believe parents cannot make a decision of salvation for an infant. Only a person who has reached an "Age of accountability" is eligible for baptism. This is not a specific age, but rather the age at which God determines that person is accountable for their sins. Jesus began to visibly do the work of God at the age of 12 and somewhere around there is the typical "Age of Accountability". Children and those who are not mentally or emotionally capable of discerning their sins are not held accountable for their sins and are considered to be in a state of grace. Some Baptists do not hold the concept of an "Age of Accountability". CongregationalismCongregationalist church governance gives autonomy to individual local churches in areas of policy, polity and doctrine. Baptist churches are not under the direct administrative control of any other body, such as a national council, or a leader such as a bishop or pope. Administration, leadership and doctrine are decided democratically by the lay members of each individual church, which accounts for the variation of beliefs from one Baptist church to another. In a manner typical of other congregationalists, many cooperative associations of Baptists have arisen. The largest of these in the United States is the Southern Baptist Convention. The second largest is the National Baptist Convention, USA, Inc., which is also America's second largest predominantly African-American denomination. There are hundreds of Baptist conventions and many Baptist churches do not fall into any of them. In addition, there are sometimes very strong disputes even within conventions, which are often divided between Christian fundamentalists and moderates. Separation of Church and StateMain article: Baptists in the history of separation of church and state Baptists who were imprisoned or died for their beliefs have played an important role in the historical struggle for freedom of religion and separation of church and state in England, the United States, and other countries. In 1612 John Smyth wrote, "the magistrate is not by virtue of his office to meddle with religion, or matters of conscience". That same year, Thomas Helwys wrote that the King of England could "comaund what of man he will, and wee are to obey it," but concerning the church -- "with this Kingdom, our lord the King hath nothing to do." In 1614, Leonard Busher wrote what is believed to be the earliest Baptist treatise dealing exclusively with the subject of religious liberty. Baptists were influential in the formation of the first civil government based on the separation of church and state in what is now Rhode Island. Anabaptists and Quakers also share a strong history in the development of separation of church and state. Today, though, some prominant Southern Baptist leaders believe that the government, at some level, should favor Christianity in certain contexts. Support of Seperation of Church and State does not imply a retreat from the political realm and Baptists do not generally eschew involvement in the political process. Currently in the United States, Baptist (particularly Southern Baptist) involvement in politics often involves controversies concerning gambling, alcohol, abortion, homosexual marriage as well as the teaching of evolution and state-sanctioned public prayer in public high schools. In parts of some southern U.S. states, Southern Baptists form a majority of the population and have successfully banned alcohol sales, and prevented the legalization of certain kinds of gambling. Biblical authorityAuthority of the Scriptures or sola scriptura states that the Bible is the only authoritative source of God's truth in contrast to the role of Apostolic tradition in the Roman Catholic Church. Any view that cannot be directly tied to a scriptural reference is generally considered to be based on human traditions rather than God's leading. Each person is responsible before God for his or her own understanding of the bible and is encouraged to work out their own salvation with fear and trembling. Biblical inerrancy is also a common position held by Baptists in addition to literal interpretations of the bible and fundamentalist theologies. However, because of the variety allowed under congregational governance, many Baptist churches are neither literalist nor fundamentalist, although most do believe in biblical inerrancy. Even though it is only the Bible that is authoritative, Baptists also cite other works as illustrative of doctrine. One work which is commonly read by Baptists is the allegory Pilgrim's Progress by John Bunyan. Priesthood of all believersPriesthood of all believers states that every Christian has direct access to God and the truths found in the Bible without the help of an aristocracy or hierachy of priests. This doctrine is based on the passage found in 1 Peter 2:9 and was popularized by Martin Luther during the Protestant Reformation and John Wycliff's Lollards before Luther. The Baptist position of the priesthood of believers is one column that upholds their belief in religious liberty. Justification by faithJustification by faith or sola fide states that it is by faith alone that we receive salvation and not through any works of our own. Baptists have a strong emphasis on the concept of salvation. Baptist theology teaches that humans have been contaminated by the sin of Adam and Eve's rebellion against God and that for this sin we are condemned to damnation. The theology holds that Christ died on the cross to give humans the promise of everlasting life, but that this requires that each individual accept Christ into his life and ask for forgiveness. Nevertheless, the Baptist view of soteriology runs the gamut from Calvinism to Arminianism. Beliefs that vary among BaptistsBecause of the congregational style of church governance on doctrine, doctrine on the following issues often varies greatly between one Baptist church and another.
Baptists generally believe in the literal Second Coming of Christ at which time God will sit in judgment and divide humanity between the saved and the lost (the Great White Throne judgment Book of Revelation 20:11) and Christ will sit in judgment of the believers (the Judgment Seat of Christ Second Epistle to the Corinthians 5:10), rewarding them for things done while alive. Amillennialism, dispensationalism, and historic premillennialism stand as the main eschatological views of Baptists, with views such as postmillennialism and preterism receiving only scant support. Comparisons with other denominationsBaptists share certain emphases with other groups such as evangelism and missions. While the general flavor of any denomination changes from city to city, this aspect of Baptist churches is much more prominent than in most Episcopal, Lutheran and Presbyterian churches. The Pacifism of the Anabaptists and the Quakers is not an ideal held by most Baptists. The Baptist Peace Fellowship of North America was organized in 1984 to promote peace, justice, and non-violence, but it does not speak for all Baptists that accept the ideal of pacifism. In Australia, the Baptist Union is very close to the Campbell-Stone Church of Christ. The two groups share similar theology, even sharing a bible college. Worship StyleThe focus of Baptist church services is the sermon. Sermons can range in time from about 30 minutes to several hours. They range in style from expository sermons that focus on one biblical passage and interpret its meaning, to topical sermons which address an issue of concern and investigate several biblical passages related to that topic. The sermon is often surrounded by periods of musical worship lead by a song leader, choir or band. Musical style varies between hymns and Contemporary Christian music with many churches choosing a blend of the two. The choice in music style is often correlated to the age of the members with older congregations preferring hymns while younger congregations prefer contemporary music. Some conservative Baptists will only sing hymns which usually includes songs written between the 1700s and the 1950s and are often played with an organ. Some conservative Baptists oppose the use of drums and/or electric guitar in their service because those two instruments are associated with rock music which is considered sinful or Satanic to them. Other common features in a Baptist church service include the collection of offering, the serving of symbolic communion and a period of announcements. Communion services are typically held once a month on Sunday mornings, but may be held weekly, quarterly or annually. The communion portion takes place at the end of the normal service. Those who profess belief in Christ as their Savior are invited to partakeš of the symbolic body and blood of Jesus, portrayed by bread and "wine" (which may be grape wine, but is more often non-alcoholic grape juice). This is patterned after the Last Supper, which was a celebration of the Passover. The bread used in the service may be cubes of normal white bread, unleavened bread, wafers or small crackers. It is usually served by the pastor to the deacons, and by the deacons to the congregation. The grape juice is typically served in small glasses, though some churches use one cup for the entire congregation. Many church buildings are equipped with round receptacles on the rear of the pews for depositing the empty glasses after the service. Though most Baptist churches are small, a significant percentage of megachurches are Baptist. These churches can seat thousands at once and can have sports fields, gyms, cafes, book stores and libraries. OriginsThere are several views about the origins of Baptists within the Baptist church. LandmarkismLandmarkism is the belief that Baptist churches and traditions have preceded the Catholic Church and have been around since the time of John the Baptist and Christ. Proponents believe that Baptist traditions have been passed down through a succession of visible congregations of Christians that were Baptist in doctrine and practice, but not necessarily in name. This view is theologically based on Matthew 16:18 , "...and upon this rock I will build my church; and the gates of hell shall not prevail against it." and a rejection of Catholicism as part of the historical origins of Baptists. This succession grants Baptist churches the status of being unstained and separate from what they see as the corruptions of Catholicism and other denominations. It also allows for the view that Baptists predate the Catholic church and is therefore not part of the reformation or the protestant movement. Alexander Campbell of the Restoration Movement was a strong promoter of this idea. J. M. Carroll's The Trail of Blood, written in 1931, is commonly presented to defend this origins view. Several groups considered to be part of this Baptist succession were groups persecuted by the Roman Catholic Church throughout history including Montanists, Novatianists, Donatists, Paulicians, Albigensians, Catharists, Waldenses, and Anabaptists. While some of these groups shared a few theological positions with current Baptists, many held positions that would now be considered heretical by current Baptists. It is also difficult to show historical connections between those groups which were often separated by large gaps in geography and time. The works of John T. Christian offer the best presentation of this viewpoint. AnabaptistAnabaptists (Mennonites, Amish, Hutterites) were a group in the 1500s that rejected infant baptism and "rebaptized" members as adults. They share many teachings of the early Baptists, such as the believer's baptism and religious freedom and were probably influential in the development of many Baptist characteristics. While their names suggest some connection, some Anabaptists differed from the Baptists on many other issues such as pacifism and the communal sharing of material goods. It is difficult to say how much influence the Anabaptists had on the actual formation of Baptist churches. One of the strongest relationships between the two groups happened when John Smyth's General Baptists attempted but failed to merge with the Mennonites. The works of William Roscoe Estep offer the best presentation of this viewpoint. SeparatistsThis view suggests that Baptists were originally separatists in the Puritan reaction to perceived corruptions in the Church of England in the 1600s. In 1609, John Smyth, led a group of separatists to the Netherlands to start the General Baptist church with an Arminian theology. In 1616, Henry Jacob led a group of Puritans in England with a Calvinist theology to form a congregational church that would eventually become the Particular Baptists in 1638 under John Spilsbury. Both groups had members who sailed to America as pilgrims to avoid religious persecution in England and Europe and who started Baptist churches in the early colonies. The Particular and General Baptists would disagree over Arminianism and Calvinism until the formation of the Baptist Union of Great Britain in the 1800s under Andrew Fuller and William Carey for the purpose of missions. American Baptists soon followed suit. This is the most common view held by modern Bapists, which is found represented in the works of H. Leon McBeth and many others. Questions of LabelingSome Baptists object to the application of the labels Protestant, denomination, Evangelical and even Baptist to themselves or their churches, while others accept those labels. Those who reject the label Baptist prefer to be labeled as Christians who attend Baptist churches. Conversely, others accept the label Baptist because they identify with the distinctives they consider to be uniquely Baptist. The name Protestant is rejected by some Baptists because Baptists do not have a direct connection to Luther, Calvin or the Roman Catholic Church. They do not feel that they are protesting anything and Landmark Baptists believe they pre-date the Roman Catholic Church. Other Baptists accept the Protestant label as a demographic concept that describes churches who share similar theologies of sola scriptura, sola fide, the priesthood of all believers and other positions that Luther, Calvin and traditional reformers held in contrast to the Roman Catholic Church in the 1500s. The label denomination is rejected by some because of the local autonomous governance system used by Baptist churches. Being a denomination is viewed as having a hierarchy that substitutes for the hierarchy of the Roman Catholic Church. Another reason for the rejection of the label is the influence of the Restoration period on Baptist churches, which emphasized a tearing down of denominational barriers. Other Baptists accept the label, feeling that it does not carry a negative connotation but rather is merely a synonym for a Christian or religious group. The label Evangelical is rejected by some fundamentalist Baptists who consider the term to describe a theological position that is not fundamentalist enough. It is rejected by some liberal Baptists who consider the term to describe a theological position that is too conservative. It is accepted by moderate Baptists who identify with the revival in the United States in the 1700s known as the First Great Awakening. Famous Baptists
This page about Baptist includes information from a Wikipedia article. Additional articles about Baptist News stories about Baptist External links for Baptist Videos for Baptist Wikis about Baptist Discussion Groups about Baptist Blogs about Baptist Images of Baptist |
|
It is accepted by moderate Baptists who identify with the revival in the United States in the 1700s known as the First Great Awakening. Instead, they hired Louisiana State University coach Nick Saban. It is rejected by some liberal Baptists who consider the term to describe a theological position that is too conservative. Despite this, the Dolphins decided not to hire Bates for the permanent coaching position. The label Evangelical is rejected by some fundamentalist Baptists who consider the term to describe a theological position that is not fundamentalist enough. He was replaced on an interim basis by defensive coordinator Jim Bates. Under Bates, the Dolphins fared much better, winning three of their final seven games, including a 29-28 upset victory over the defending champion Patriots on December 20. Other Baptists accept the label, feeling that it does not carry a negative connotation but rather is merely a synonym for a Christian or religious group. After a 1-8 start, Wannstedt resigned on November 9, 2004. Another reason for the rejection of the label is the influence of the Restoration period on Baptist churches, which emphasized a tearing down of denominational barriers. This led to them being dead-last in the NFL as well as the subject to nicknames like "Stinky Fish" and, to fans, "We Stink". Being a denomination is viewed as having a hierarchy that substitutes for the hierarchy of the Roman Catholic Church. These predictions proved right; the Dolphins dropped their first six games of the 2004 year, marking the worst start in franchise history. The label denomination is rejected by some because of the local autonomous governance system used by Baptist churches. Many experts predicted a disastrous season for the Dolphins. Other Baptists accept the Protestant label as a demographic concept that describes churches who share similar theologies of sola scriptura, sola fide, the priesthood of all believers and other positions that Luther, Calvin and traditional reformers held in contrast to the Roman Catholic Church in the 1500s. Tight end Randy McMichael was arrested for domestic violence and wide receiver David Boston (signed from San Diego) suffered an injury in training camp and will miss the season (Boston also failed a drug test for steroids later in the season). But the biggest shock came when Ricky Williams retired under mysterious circumstances, probably related to drug use. They do not feel that they are protesting anything and Landmark Baptists believe they pre-date the Roman Catholic Church. The 2004 offseason was terrible for the Dolphins. The name Protestant is rejected by some Baptists because Baptists do not have a direct connection to Luther, Calvin or the Roman Catholic Church. At the end of the season it was announced that Dan Marino would return to the team as its president, but quit after a month. Conversely, others accept the label Baptist because they identify with the distinctives they consider to be uniquely Baptist. Miami finished 10-6, but it was still short of a playoff spot. Those who reject the label Baptist prefer to be labeled as Christians who attend Baptist churches. In 2003 the Dolphins again started strong (4-1) but finished weak, with devastating mid-season losses to the Patriots, Colts and Titans submarining them. Some Baptists object to the application of the labels Protestant, denomination, Evangelical and even Baptist to themselves or their churches, while others accept those labels. Fans wanted Wannstedt's firing, but he was kept on for the 2003 season. Leon McBeth and many others. Due to a tiebreaker, both the Dolphins and Patriots lost out on the playoffs as the Jets took the AFC East title. This is the most common view held by modern Bapists, which is found represented in the works of H. The Dolphins started the season 5-1 before Fiedler got injured and was replaced by Ray Lucas, who lost three straight. Because the competition in the division was so close, the Dolphins still had a chance to win the division in the final week against the Patriots, but blew a 10-point fourth-quarter lead and lost in overtime. American Baptists soon followed suit. Miami revitalized its running game in time for the 2002 season by signing running back Ricky Williams from the New Orleans Saints. The Particular and General Baptists would disagree over Arminianism and Calvinism until the formation of the Baptist Union of Great Britain in the 1800s under Andrew Fuller and William Carey for the purpose of missions. Miami had to settle for a wild card, and lost 20-3 to the Baltimore Ravens in the first round. Both groups had members who sailed to America as pilgrims to avoid religious persecution in England and Europe and who started Baptist churches in the early colonies. That honor went to Super Bowl champion New England. In 1616, Henry Jacob led a group of Puritans in England with a Calvinist theology to form a congregational church that would eventually become the Particular Baptists in 1638 under John Spilsbury. In the 2001 season the Dolphins lost two games to the New York Jets, which cost them the division title. In 1609, John Smyth, led a group of separatists to the Netherlands to start the General Baptist church with an Arminian theology. The 2000 season notwithstanding, late-season collapses have been the norm in Miami since the late 1990s. This view suggests that Baptists were originally separatists in the Puritan reaction to perceived corruptions in the Church of England in the 1600s. Miami won a tough overtime game over the Indianapolis Colts on a Lamar Smith touchdown in the wild card round, but were shut out by the Oakland Raiders in the divisional playoff. The works of William Roscoe Estep offer the best presentation of this viewpoint. Despite the obviously lowered expectations, the defense broke through with Jason Taylor and Trace Armstrong both getting 10 sacks, and four players (Sam Madison, Brian Walker, Brock Marion and Patrick Surtain) getting at least five interceptions. In addition, Lamar Smith rushed for over 1000 yards and Miami finished atop the AFC East with an 11-5 record. One of the strongest relationships between the two groups happened when John Smyth's General Baptists attempted but failed to merge with the Mennonites. Dave Wannstedt, formerly of the Chicago Bears, became the new coach; and Jay Fiedler became the new quarterback for the 2000 season. It is difficult to say how much influence the Anabaptists had on the actual formation of Baptist churches. After the season, Jimmy Johnson left the team and Marino retired. They share many teachings of the early Baptists, such as the believer's baptism and religious freedom and were probably influential in the development of many Baptist characteristics. While their names suggest some connection, some Anabaptists differed from the Baptists on many other issues such as pacifism and the communal sharing of material goods. After a close win over Seattle in the wild card round, they suffered one the worst playoff losses in NFL history against the Jacksonville Jaguars: 62-7. Anabaptists (Mennonites, Amish, Hutterites) were a group in the 1500s that rejected infant baptism and "rebaptized" members as adults. Miami went 2-6 in their last eight games, but still backed into the playoffs at 9-7. Christian offer the best presentation of this viewpoint. In Marino's first game back, he would have the worst game of his career, on Thanksgiving in Dallas, throwing 5 interceptions and having a passer rating of 0.0. The works of John T. In 1999 Marino would be injured in a game where backup Damon Huard led a comeback. It is also difficult to show historical connections between those groups which were often separated by large gaps in geography and time. The Dolphins beat the Bills in the wild card round, but lost to the eventual champion Denver Broncos (who lost only one of two games that season to Miami) in the divisional playoff. Several groups considered to be part of this Baptist succession were groups persecuted by the Roman Catholic Church throughout history including Montanists, Novatianists, Donatists, Paulicians, Albigensians, Catharists, Waldenses, and Anabaptists. While some of these groups shared a few theological positions with current Baptists, many held positions that would now be considered heretical by current Baptists. McDuffie, but it was not enough to get past the New York Jets into first place in the division. Carroll's The Trail of Blood, written in 1931, is commonly presented to defend this origins view. Miami had a solid 10-6 season in 1998 with a career season for receiver O.J. M. In 1997 Miami stumbled late and backed into the playoffs with a 9-7 season, losing to the New England Patriots in the wild card round. J. In 1996 Miami finished 8-8 and out of the playoffs, with rookie Karim Abdul-Jabbar's 1000-yard rushing season one of the lone bright spots. Alexander Campbell of the Restoration Movement was a strong promoter of this idea. Jimmy Johnson, who had won a collegiate national championship at the University of Miami and two Super Bowls with the Dallas Cowboys, was named as Shula’s replacement. It also allows for the view that Baptists predate the Catholic church and is therefore not part of the reformation or the protestant movement. Following the 1995 season Don Shula became an executive in the Dolphins’ front office. This succession grants Baptist churches the status of being unstained and separate from what they see as the corruptions of Catholicism and other denominations. In 1995 Marino broke the career passing records formerly held by Fran Tarkenton for yards (48,841), touchdowns (352), and completions (3,913). The Dolphins finished 9-7, second in the AFC East, but still made the playoffs as a wild card; losing to Buffalo in the first round. This view is theologically based on Matthew 16:18 , "...and upon this rock I will build my church; and the gates of hell shall not prevail against it." and a rejection of Catholicism as part of the historical origins of Baptists. After beating the Kansas City Chiefs in the wild card round, they suffered a heart-breaking last-second loss to the San Diego Chargers in the divisional playoff. Proponents believe that Baptist traditions have been passed down through a succession of visible congregations of Christians that were Baptist in doctrine and practice, but not necessarily in name. With Marino back for the 1994 season they won the AFC East again with a 10-6 record. Landmarkism is the belief that Baptist churches and traditions have preceded the Catholic Church and have been around since the time of John the Baptist and Christ. Both Marino and backup Scott Mitchell suffered season-ending injuries, and Miami lost its final 5 games to miss the playoffs at 9-7. There are several views about the origins of Baptists within the Baptist church. 1993 turned into a disastrous year for the Dolphins. These churches can seat thousands at once and can have sports fields, gyms, cafes, book stores and libraries. They beat the Chargers in the divisional playoff, but were stunned by the Buffalo Bills in the AFC Championship. Though most Baptist churches are small, a significant percentage of megachurches are Baptist. The Dolphins finished 11-5 in 1992, capturing the AFC East title in Mark Higgs' best season as a running back and Keith Jackson (newly acquired from the Philadelphia Eagles) leading the team in receiving. Many church buildings are equipped with round receptacles on the rear of the pews for depositing the empty glasses after the service. They beat the Kansas City Chiefs in the wild card round, but lost to the Buffalo Bills in the divisional playoff. The team struggled with defensive injuries in 1991, and narrowly missed the playoffs on an overtime loss to the New York Jets the final week of the season. The grape juice is typically served in small glasses, though some churches use one cup for the entire congregation. By 1990 the Dolphins had finally shaped up on defense, and finished with a 11-5 record, second in the AFC East. It is usually served by the pastor to the deacons, and by the deacons to the congregation. Miami had their first losing season in years in 1988, and were back to 8-8 in 1989. The bread used in the service may be cubes of normal white bread, unleavened bread, wafers or small crackers. The problems continued in 1987, with an 8-7 record in a strike-shortened year; their first at new Joe Robbie Stadium. This is patterned after the Last Supper, which was a celebration of the Passover. In 1986 the Dolphins, hampered by defensive struggles, stumbled to 8-8, out of the playoff picture. Those who profess belief in Christ as their Savior are invited to partakeš of the symbolic body and blood of Jesus, portrayed by bread and "wine" (which may be grape wine, but is more often non-alcoholic grape juice). New England forced 6 turnovers on the way to a 31-14 win - the Patriots' first in Miami since 1969. The communion portion takes place at the end of the normal service. The cinderella New England Patriots, the Dolphins' opponents in the AFC Championship, had different plans. Communion services are typically held once a month on Sunday mornings, but may be held weekly, quarterly or annually. After beating the Cleveland Browns in the divisional playoffs, many people were looking forward to a rematch with Chicago in Super Bowl XX. Other common features in a Baptist church service include the collection of offering, the serving of symbolic communion and a period of announcements. In 1985 Miami went 12-4 and was the only team that beat the Chicago Bears all year. Some conservative Baptists oppose the use of drums and/or electric guitar in their service because those two instruments are associated with rock music which is considered sinful or Satanic to them. It would be Marino's only Super Bowl appearance. Some conservative Baptists will only sing hymns which usually includes songs written between the 1700s and the 1950s and are often played with an organ. In the title game, however, Miami lost to the San Francisco 49ers 38-16. The choice in music style is often correlated to the age of the members with older congregations preferring hymns while younger congregations prefer contemporary music. Miami beat the Seahawks and Steelers in the playoffs to get to Super Bowl XIX. Musical style varies between hymns and Contemporary Christian music with many churches choosing a blend of the two. Marino, in his first full season, was voted MVP as he threw for over 5000 yards and 48 touchdowns. The sermon is often surrounded by periods of musical worship lead by a song leader, choir or band. In 1984, the Dolphins won their first 11 games en route to a 14-2 season. They range in style from expository sermons that focus on one biblical passage and interpret its meaning, to topical sermons which address an issue of concern and investigate several biblical passages related to that topic. Defensive End Doug Betters was the Defensive Player of the Year. Sermons can range in time from about 30 minutes to several hours. Seldom sacked by defenders, Marino was protected by an outstanding offensive line as he passed to receivers such as Mark Clayton and Mark Duper. Despite the regular season success (the Dolphins went 12-4, the only team in the AFC East with a winning record), they were upset in the divisional playoff by the Seattle Seahawks. The focus of Baptist church services is the sermon. During the mid-1980s Marino produced the most impressive set of passing statistics in NFL history, setting single-season records for most yards (5,084), touchdown passes (48), and completions (362) during the 1984 season. The two groups share similar theology, even sharing a bible college. During the third game of the 1983 season, Shula replaced quarterback David Woodley with rookie Dan Marino, who went on to win the AFC passing championship and rookie of the year award. In Australia, the Baptist Union is very close to the Campbell-Stone Church of Christ. Ironically after enjoying success rooted in a defense-first philosophy, and employing a ball control offense to take pressure off of lacklustre quarterbacks, the next 17 seasons would be marked by an average rushing game and defense that limited a great quarterback. The Pacifism of the Anabaptists and the Quakers is not an ideal held by most Baptists. The Baptist Peace Fellowship of North America was organized in 1984 to promote peace, justice, and non-violence, but it does not speak for all Baptists that accept the ideal of pacifism. After shutting out the New York Jets in the AFC championship, they lost Super Bowl XVII to Washington 27-17. While the general flavor of any denomination changes from city to city, this aspect of Baptist churches is much more prominent than in most Episcopal, Lutheran and Presbyterian churches. In the second round against San Diego the Dolphins got revenge for their loss the previous year, winning even more handily. Baptists share certain emphases with other groups such as evangelism and missions. In the first round in Miami, they met again, with the Dolphins winning easily. Baptists generally believe in the literal Second Coming of Christ at which time God will sit in judgment and divide humanity between the saved and the lost (the Great White Throne judgment Book of Revelation 20:11) and Christ will sit in judgment of the believers (the Judgment Seat of Christ Second Epistle to the Corinthians 5:10), rewarding them for things done while alive. Amillennialism, dispensationalism, and historic premillennialism stand as the main eschatological views of Baptists, with views such as postmillennialism and preterism receiving only scant support. Late in the season in a snowy game against the New England Patriots, a convicted felon on work release cleared a path for Patriots kicker John Smith to score the game-winning field goal. Because of the congregational style of church governance on doctrine, doctrine on the following issues often varies greatly between one Baptist church and another. During the first two rounds of the playoffs they got revenge for previous losses. The theology holds that Christ died on the cross to give humans the promise of everlasting life, but that this requires that each individual accept Christ into his life and ask for forgiveness. Nevertheless, the Baptist view of soteriology runs the gamut from Calvinism to Arminianism. In the strike-shortened season of 1982, the Dolphins, led by the "Killer B's" defense (Baumhower, Bill Barnett, Lyle Blackwood, Kim Bokamper and Bob Brudzinski), held five of their nine opponents to 14 or fewer points en route to their fourth Super Bowl appearance. Baptist theology teaches that humans have been contaminated by the sin of Adam and Eve's rebellion against God and that for this sin we are condemned to damnation. Chargers tight end Kellen Winslow, under exhaustion, blocked Uwe von Schummann's field goal try on the last play of regulation, and Rolf Benirschke kicked the game-winner for San Diego in overtime. Baptists have a strong emphasis on the concept of salvation. After being down 24-0, Miami tied it at 24. After taking the lead, San Diego tied it up 38-38 late. Justification by faith or sola fide states that it is by faith alone that we receive salvation and not through any works of our own. The Dolphins were back on top of the AFC East in the 1981 season, with an 11-4-1 record. They reached the divisional playoff against the San Diego Chargers, regarded by some as one of the most memorable games in NFL history. The Baptist position of the priesthood of believers is one column that upholds their belief in religious liberty. The Dolphins finished 8-8 and out of the playoffs. This doctrine is based on the passage found in 1 Peter 2:9 and was popularized by Martin Luther during the Protestant Reformation and John Wycliff's Lollards before Luther. In 1980 the late David Woodley took over at quarterback and Griese retired after the season. Priesthood of all believers states that every Christian has direct access to God and the truths found in the Bible without the help of an aristocracy or hierachy of priests. After winning the division with a 10-6 record, the Dolphins lost the divisional playoff to the eventual champion Pittsburgh Steelers. One work which is commonly read by Baptists is the allegory Pilgrim's Progress by John Bunyan. Csonka returned to the Dolphins in time for the 1979 season. Even though it is only the Bible that is authoritative, Baptists also cite other works as illustrative of doctrine. They made the playoffs as a wild card in 1978, but lost in the first round to the Houston Oilers. However, because of the variety allowed under congregational governance, many Baptist churches are neither literalist nor fundamentalist, although most do believe in biblical inerrancy. The Dolphins went 10-4 again in 1977, but again lost the division title (and playoff spot) to the Colts. Biblical inerrancy is also a common position held by Baptists in addition to literal interpretations of the bible and fundamentalist theologies. Duhe and linemen Bob Baumhower and Doug Betters. Each person is responsible before God for his or her own understanding of the bible and is encouraged to work out their own salvation with fear and trembling. J. Any view that cannot be directly tied to a scriptural reference is generally considered to be based on human traditions rather than God's leading. Shula built a solid defense around a new set of stars, including linebacker A. Authority of the Scriptures or sola scriptura states that the Bible is the only authoritative source of God's truth in contrast to the role of Apostolic tradition in the Roman Catholic Church. Miami rebounded from a losing record in 1976 by winning ten or more games in four of the next five seasons. states, Southern Baptists form a majority of the population and have successfully banned alcohol sales, and prevented the legalization of certain kinds of gambling. After the disappointing defeat, several players, including Csonka, Warfield, and running back Jim Kiick, joined the short-lived World Football League. The Dolphins managed to win ten games in 1975, aided by Griese’s consistency and the fine play of wide receiver Nat Moore. They did not make the playoffs however, losing on a tiebreaker to the Baltimore Colts. In parts of some southern U.S. Miami reached the playoffs again in 1974 but lost in the first round to the Oakland Raiders. Currently in the United States, Baptist (particularly Southern Baptist) involvement in politics often involves controversies concerning gambling, alcohol, abortion, homosexual marriage as well as the teaching of evolution and state-sanctioned public prayer in public high schools. The Dolphins won 12 games during the 1973 season and repeated as Super Bowl VIII champions, routing the Minnesota Vikings 24-7. Support of Seperation of Church and State does not imply a retreat from the political realm and Baptists do not generally eschew involvement in the political process. It was led by linebacker Nick Buoniconti, end Bill Stanfill, and safeties Dick Anderson and Jake Scott. Today, though, some prominant Southern Baptist leaders believe that the government, at some level, should favor Christianity in certain contexts. The 1972 Dolphins defensive unit, called the No-Name Defense because Miami’s impressive offense received much more publicity, was the league’s best that year. Anabaptists and Quakers also share a strong history in the development of separation of church and state. The offensive line included future Hall of Fame members Jim Langer and Larry Little. Baptists were influential in the formation of the first civil government based on the separation of church and state in what is now Rhode Island. During this season, Griese and veteran quarterback Earl Morrall shared the passing duties, and running backs Larry Csonka and Mercury Morris became the first teammates to rush for more than 1,000 yards each. That same year, Thomas Helwys wrote that the King of England could "comaund what of man he will, and wee are to obey it," but concerning the church -- "with this Kingdom, our lord the King hath nothing to do." In 1614, Leonard Busher wrote what is believed to be the earliest Baptist treatise dealing exclusively with the subject of religious liberty. (This is sometimes called the "Perfect Season".) Miami went on to win two playoff games and then Super Bowl VII, defeating the Washington Redskins 14-7. In 1612 John Smyth wrote, "the magistrate is not by virtue of his office to meddle with religion, or matters of conscience". In 1972 the Dolphins accomplished an amazing feat, becoming the first NFL team to finish a season undefeated (the 1948 Cleveland Browns had accomplished the feat, but as members of the All-America Football Conference). Baptists who were imprisoned or died for their beliefs have played an important role in the historical struggle for freedom of religion and separation of church and state in England, the United States, and other countries. In Super Bowl VI, however, Miami lost to the Dallas Cowboys 24-3. Main article: Baptists in the history of separation of church and state. The AFC Divisional Playoff Game, in which the Dolphins defeated the Kansas City Chiefs, was the longest contest in NFL history (82 minutes 40 seconds). In addition, there are sometimes very strong disputes even within conventions, which are often divided between Christian fundamentalists and moderates. The Dolphins were a successful team during the early 1970s, capturing the AFC championship in 1971 behind quarterback Bob Griese and wide receiver Paul Warfield. There are hundreds of Baptist conventions and many Baptist churches do not fall into any of them. Miami joined the NFL in 1970 when the NFL and AFL completed their merger. The second largest is the National Baptist Convention, USA, Inc., which is also America's second largest predominantly African-American denomination. The Dolphins began play in 1966, and after four consecutive losing seasons, Don Shula replaced George Wilson as head coach. The largest of these in the United States is the Southern Baptist Convention. Miami joined the American Football League (AFL) when an expansion team franchise was awarded to lawyer Joseph Robbie and actor Danny Thomas in 1965. In a manner typical of other congregationalists, many cooperative associations of Baptists have arisen. He piloted the Dolphins to numerous playoff appearances and one Super Bowl, and he holds numerous NFL career passing records. Administration, leadership and doctrine are decided democratically by the lay members of each individual church, which accounts for the variation of beliefs from one Baptist church to another. During the 1980s and 1990s quarterback Dan Marino became the most prolific passer in NFL history. Baptist churches are not under the direct administrative control of any other body, such as a national council, or a leader such as a bishop or pope. Five future Hall of Fame members played for Miami during the 1970s, including running back Larry Csonka and quarterback Bob Griese. Congregationalist church governance gives autonomy to individual local churches in areas of policy, polity and doctrine. In 1972 the Dolphins became the first and only NFL team to complete a 14-game regular season (and the entire postseason) without a loss. Some Baptists do not hold the concept of an "Age of Accountability". His Dolphins teams posted losing records in only 2 of his 26 seasons with the club. Children and those who are not mentally or emotionally capable of discerning their sins are not held accountable for their sins and are considered to be in a state of grace. For most of their history, the Dolphins were coached by Don Shula, the winningest head coach in professional football history. Jesus began to visibly do the work of God at the age of 12 and somewhere around there is the typical "Age of Accountability". The team is named for the dolphins that inhabit the coastal waters of Florida. This is not a specific age, but rather the age at which God determines that person is accountable for their sins. Miami Dolphins, professional football team and one of the four teams in the Eastern Division of the American Football Conference (AFC) of the National Football League (NFL). Only a person who has reached an "Age of accountability" is eligible for baptism. The Miami Dolphins are a National Football League team based in Miami, Florida. Through Anabaptist influence, Baptists reject the practice of infant baptism or pedobaptism because they believe parents cannot make a decision of salvation for an infant. Jimmy Johnson (coach). Some Baptist churches will recognize baptisms performed in other orthodox Christian churches that were not performed on infants. Garo Yepremian. A few Baptist churches allow for baptism by sprinkling as an alternative mode for the disabled or elderly. Ricky Williams. Recognition of other modes of baptism by other Baptists and Christian groups vary from one church to another. Paul Warfield. This mode is also preferred for its parallel imagery to the death, burial, and resurrection of Jesus. John Stofa. Baptists emphasize baptism by full immersion, the mode used by John the Baptist, which consists of lowering the candidate in water backwards, while a pastor invokes the Trinitarian formula of Matthew 28:19. Dwight Stephenson. Most Baptist church used baptism as a criterion for membership. Jake Scott. It is also a public identification of that person with Christianity and with that particular local church. Mercury Morris. It is an outward expression that is symbolic of the inward cleansing or remission of their sins that has already taken place. Nat Moore. Believer's baptism is an ordinance that plays no role in salvation and is performed after a person professes Jesus Christ as Lord and Savior. Gene Mingo. This acrostic is used by some Baptist churches as a summary of the distinctives or distinguishing beliefs of Baptists. Wahoo McDaniel. Baptist distinctives are beliefs that are common among Baptist churches, some of which are also shared with many other post-reformational denominations. Larry Little. Baptist churches do not have a central governing authority, resulting in a wide range of beliefs from one Baptist church to another. Jim Kiick. In the late 1990s, there were about 43 million Baptists worldwide with about 33 million in the United States. Cookie Gilchrist. A congregational governance system gives autonomy to individual local Baptist churches, which are sometimes associated in organizations such as the Southern Baptist Convention. Mark Duper. Baptists emphasize a believer's baptism by full immersion, which is performed after a profession of faith in Jesus as Lord and Savior. Mark Clayton. Baptist churches are part of a Christian movement often regarded as an Evangelical, Protestant denomination. Keith Byars. Williams, Roger. Nick Buoniconti. Warren, Rick. Dick Anderson. Spurgeon, Charles H. Larry Csonka 39. Roberson, Lee. Dan Marino 13. Rice, John R. Bob Griese12. Pawson, David. Zach Thomas. B. Jason Taylor. Meyer, F. Junior Seau. King, Martin Luther. Randy McMichael. Hyles, Jack. Sam Madison. Grenz, Stanley. Sammy Knight. Graham, Billy. Jeno James. Falwell, Jerry. Gus Frerotte. Douglas, Tommy. Chris Chambers. Chambers, Oswald. Tim Bowens. Carter, Jimmy. Marty Booker. Carey, William. Paul Warfield. Bunyan, John. Dwight Stephenson. Eschatology. Don Shula. homosexuality. Dan Marino. the ordination of women. Larry Little. the nature of Law and Gospel. Jim Langer. Calvinism/Arminianism. Bob Griese. doctrine of separation. Larry Csonka. Two offices of the church (Pastor and Deacon). Nick Buoniconti. Separation of Church and State. Individual soul liberty. Two ordinances (Believer's Baptism and Symbolic Communion). Priesthood of all believers. Autonomy of the local church. Biblical authority. |