Arkansas

Ouachita Baptist University. New York City boasts over forty daily newspapers in several different languages, including such national heavyweights as the Wall Street Journal (daily circulation of 2.1 million) and The New York Times (1.6 million), and America's oldest continuously-published newspaper, the New York Post, founded in 1801 by Alexander Hamilton. Lyon College. New York has also been the setting for countless works of literature, many of them produced by the city’s famously large population of writers (including Jonathan Franzen, Don Delillo, Thomas Pynchon, Susan Sontag, David Foster Wallace, and many others). John Brown University. New York’s portrayal on television is similarly varied, with a disproportionate number of crime dramas taking place in the city despite the fact that it is one of the safest cities in which to live in the United States. Hendrix College. From the sophisticated and worldly metropolis seen in many Woody Allen films, to the chaotic urban jungle depicted in such movies as Martin Scorsese's Taxi Driver, New York has served as the unwitting backdrop for virtually every conceivable viewpoint on big city life.

Henderson State University. Because of its sheer size and cultural influence, New York City has been the subject of many different, and often contradictory, portrayals in mass media. Harding University. Main article: Media of New York City. Central Baptist College. See also: List of museums and cultural institutions in New York City. Arkansas Tech University. Other notable performance halls include Carnegie Hall, Radio City Music Hall, and the Brooklyn Academy of Music.

Arkansas State University. The largest of these is Lincoln Center for the Performing Arts, which is actually a complex of buildings housing 12 separate companies, including the New York Philharmonic, the Metropolitan Opera, the New York City Opera, the New York City Ballet, and Jazz at Lincoln Center. Arkansas Baptist College. In addition to these museums, the city is also home to a vast array of spaces for opera, symphony, and dance performances. National Center for Toxicological Research website (http://www.fda.gov/nctr/). A number of the city's museums are located along the Museum Mile section of Fifth Avenue. Dale Bumpers National Rice Research Center website (http://www.dbnrrc.ars.usda.gov/). There are also many smaller specialty museums, from El Museo del Barrio with a focus on Latin American cultures to the Cooper-Hewitt National Museum of Design.

Arkansas Cherokee Indian Research (http://www.comanchelodge.com/chickamauga-cherokee.html). New York is a city of "great museums" with the Metropolitan Museum of Art's assemblage of historic art, the Museum of Modern Art and Guggenheim Museum's 's 20th century collection, and the American Museum of Natural History and its Hayden Planetarium focusing on the sciences. Non-Religious – 6%. See also: List of New York City parks. Other Religions – 0%. Flushing, Queens is home to the legacy of the 1964 New York World's Fair (including the Unisphere), the US Open in tennis and Shea Stadium. Other Christian – 1%. The Bronx Zoo is world-famous, and the Bronx Bombers don't play in Manhattan.

Roman Catholic – 5%. Brooklyn's old Coney Island is still a center of seaside recreation, with its beach, boardwalk, and amusement parks. Many enjoy the spectacular views available from the deck of the Staten Island Ferry. Protestant – 84%. Many tourists only think of "New York" in terms of Manhattan, but there are four other boroughs which, if they can't compete in skyscrapers, still offer other kinds of attractions. 1.3% mixed race. Now the World Trade Center site has itself become an important place for visitors to see. 0.7% American Indian. The city was nearly devoid of tourists for months, and it took two years for the numbers to fully rebound with fewer international, but more domestic visitors.

0.8% Asian. The World Trade Center was an important tourist destination before the September 11, 2001 attacks, which devastated the city and its tourist industry. 3.2% Hispanic. Annually on New Year's Eve, hundreds of thousands of people congregate in Times Square to watch the ball drop as millions watch on television. 15.7% Black. Since then this has been an annual event drawing tens of thousands of spectators and in later years millions of television viewers. 78.6% White non-Hispanic. The first Macy's Thanksgiving Day Parade was held in New York on November 27, 1924.

Interstate 55. There are also large shopping districts found in Downtown Brooklyn and along Queens Boulevard in Queens. Interstate 40. The "diamond district" (located on 47th Street between Fifth and Sixth Avenues) is the city's main location for jewelry shopping, and SoHo, formerly the center of the New York art scene, is now famous for high-priced clothing boutiques, and the art galleries are now concentrated in Chelsea. Interstate 30. In southern Manhattan, Greenwich Village is home to hundreds of independent music and book stores. In recent years 23rd Street has become a major location for "big-box" retailers.

Macy's, the nation's largest department store, and the surrounding area of Herald Square are a major destination for more moderately-priced goods. Shopping is popular with many visitors, with Fifth Avenue being a famous shopping corridor for luxury items. Maritime attractions include the South Street Seaport, site of a historic port, and the Intrepid Sea-Air-Space Museum, housed in a World War II aircraft carrier docked on the Hudson River. The city also has 578 miles of waterfront and over 14 miles of public beaches.

Other major parks in the city include Riverside Park, Battery Park, Prospect Park, Flushing Meadow-Corona Park, and Forest Park. The best known of these is Central Park, which is one of the finest examples of landscape architecture in the world, as well as a major source of recreation for New Yorkers and tourists alike. There are over 28,000 acres (113 km²) of parkland found throughout New York City, comprising over 1,700 separate parks and playgrounds. Patrick's Cathedral and the Brooklyn Bridge, among other attractions.

Many visitors make it a point to visit the Empire State Building, Times Square, Radio City Music Hall, the Statue of Liberty, Ellis Island, Wall Street, United Nations Headquarters, the American Museum of Natural History, St. Tourism is a major local industry, with hundreds of attractions. See also: List of famous New Yorkers. Drastic reductions in crime have changed "the ungovernable city" of the past into a remarkably civilized place, and recent polls show that a vast majority of New Yorkers think the city "is moving in the right direction.".

Today, there is a palpable sense of optimism in New York, fear of terrorism has lessened dramatically, and a massive confluence of transportation infrastructure projects promises to greatly expand the city's economic potential. Nationally, Americans felt increased solidarity with New Yorkers. After the September 11, 2001 attacks, pride in the city and the New York way of life increased for many, though others may have shown signs of paranoia. Although gentrification generally has led to lower crime, more business activity, and higher land values, many of the native residents of these communities have been adversely affected by the skyrocketing housing costs associated with these rapid changes.

This process is exemplified by the cases of Williamsburg in Brooklyn and Manhattan's Lower East Side. Beginning primarily in the 1990s, although in some cases earlier, neighborhoods that had been seen as less desirable or unsafe became entirely transformed by the arrival of young professionals, often preceded by artists and “hipsters’. No other American city has experienced the effects of gentrification to the same degree that New York City has. With space at a premium, lack of closet space is a common problem, and self-storage is a strong local industry.

Many residents rent apartments, and some areas are under rent control and rent stabilization laws. The median sale price of a Manhattan apartment in 2004 was $670,000 [1] (http://citi-habitats.com/press/viewarticle.php?article_id=432), with prices in the outer boroughs lower but rising. The great majority of Manhattan residents live in apartments in what is usually seen as a very overpriced and difficult housing market, although there are immense neighborhoods of suburban-style homes in the outer boroughs. Even the city's billionaire mayor, Michael Bloomberg, is a "straphanger," (subway commuter), and can be encountered on the train to City Hall each morning.

This pattern is strongest in Manhattan, where subway service is better and traffic is worse than in the outer boroughs. Because of traffic congestion and the well-designed New York Subway, six in ten residents, including many middle class professionals, commute to work via public transportation, making the everyday lifestyle and "pedestrian culture" of New Yorkers substantially different from the "car culture" that dominates most American cities. Some celebrated ethnic/racial neighborhoods include Harlem, Little Italy, Chinatown, Washington Heights, and the Lower East Side. Regardless of ethnic origin, all groups share a common identity as New Yorkers.

The five boroughs are home to many distinct ethnic enclaves of Irish, Italians, Greeks, Chinese, Koreans, Puerto Ricans, Dominicans, Jamaicans, African-Americans, Iranians, Arabs, Jews, South Asians and many others, and there are also many multi-ethnic neighborhoods where people of different backgrounds coexist comfortably. cities except Los Angeles, giving New York an international flavor, and making it the archetype of the American ideal of a "nation of immigrants." The city government employs translators in 180 languages. New York absorbs a greater diversity of immigrant groups than any other American city, and it absorbs a larger number of immigrants every day than all other U.S. Other nicknames attributed to New York City include "the Big Apple", "Gotham", "the Naked City", "the Capital of the World", and the slogan introduced in 2005 by Mayor Bloomberg in an effort to win a bid for the 2012 Olympics, "the World's Second Home.".

Residents of the metropolitan area generally refer to New York City (or sometimes just Manhattan) as "The City," or "New York," and the acronym "NYC", as opposed to just "NY", help to avoid confusing references to the State of New York and the City. New York City residents are called "New Yorkers," although this term may also refer to suburbanites, and there is some use of borough-specific identifications, such as Manhattanites, Bronxites, Brooklynites, Queensites and Staten Islanders. New York City, sometimes called "The City That Never Sleeps," is famously fast-paced and active, and the American idiom "in a New York minute" means "immediately." The stereotypical "hard-boiled New Yorker" has a reputation as self-centered, rude, and impatient, and takes pride in the crowds, noise, and hardships of city life. See also: List of major corporations based in New York City.

The city also has a large tourism industry. New York also has the most important scenes for art, music, and theater in the U.S., with an increasingly active artist's community. Manhattan's Madison Avenue is synonymous with the American advertising industry, while Seventh Avenue is nicknamed "fashion avenue" as it serves as an important center for the fashion industry. The city is by far the most important center for American mass media, journalism and publishing.

New York is also the center of many of the service sector industries in the U.S., with more Fortune 500 companies headquartered in the city than anywhere else in the country (including companies as prominent and diverse as Altria Group, Time Warner, American International Group, Pfizer, Bristol-Myers Squibb, JetBlue, DC Comics, Estée Lauder, Sony Music Entertainment, and many others). Many corporations also have their headquarters in New York. Financial markets based in the city include the New York Stock Exchange, NASDAQ, American Stock Exchange, New York Mercantile Exchange, and New York Board of Trade. Today, New York City is the chief center of finance in the world economy, with Wall Street in Lower Manhattan's Financial District.

The city was also the first center of the American film industry, until it moved to Hollywood, California, and still has some television and movie production. New York was formerly a national center for clothing manufacture, and some continues, sometimes in sweatshops. Like international shipping, though, manufacturing gradually declined in the late-twentieth century with rising land values. Manufacturing first became a major economic base for New York City in the mid-nineteenth century with the advent of industrialization and the railroad. But despite changes in international shipping, trade and the tertiary sector have always remained the real basis of New York's economy.

Since the 1950s, most shipping activity in the area has shifted to Port Newark-Elizabeth Marine Terminal in New Jersey. The old port facility was at the South Street Seaport in Manhattan, but today there is only residual activity remaining at Red Hook in Brooklyn, and the Howland Hook Marine Terminal in Staten Island. The value of this port was greatly expanded upon in 1819 with the opening of the Erie Canal, which gave New York an enormous advantage over the competing ports of Boston and Philadelphia. Historically, the city developed because of New York Harbor, widely considered one of the finest natural ports in the world.

New York City's unemployment rate in March of 2005 was 5.2%, identical to the nationwide rate. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there are 85.9 males. For every 100 females there are 90.0 males. The median age is 34 years.

In the city the population is spread out with 24.2% under the age of 18, 10.0% from 18 to 24, 32.9% from 25 to 44, 21.2% from 45 to 64, and 11.7% who are 65 years of age or older. 21.2% of the population and 18.5% of families are below the poverty line, of whom 30.0% are under the age of 18 and 17.8% are 65 and older. Per capita income is $22,402; men and women have a median income of $37,435 and $32,949 respectively. The average household size is 2.59 and the average family size is 3.32.

31.9% of all households are made up of individuals and 9.9% are single residents 65 years of age or older. 19.1% have a single female householder, and 38.7% are non-families. There are 3,021,588 households with a median income of $38,293; 29.7% contain children under the age of 18 and 37.2% are married couples living together. New York City is also home to the nation's largest community of American Jews, with an estimate of 972,000 in 2002, and is the worldwide headquarters of the Hasidic Lubavitch sect and the Bobover and Satmar branches of Hasidism.

The ethnic makeup is 9.8% Puerto Rican, 8.7% Italian, 5.3% Irish, 5.1% Dominican, and 4.5% Chinese. 35.9% of the population is foreign born (18.9% born in Latin America, 8.6% Asia, 7.0% Europe). 26.98% of the population are Hispanic or Latino of any race. The racial makeup of the city is 44.66% White, 26.59% Black or African American, 0.52% Native American, 9.83% Asian, 0.07% Pacific Islander, 13.42% from other races, and 4.92% from two or more races.

There are 3,200,912 housing units at an average density of 4,074.6/km² (10,553.2/mi²). The population density is 10,194.2/km² (26,402.9/mi²). As of the census² of 2000, there are 8,008,278 people, 3,021,588 households, and 1,852,233 families residing in the city. See also: Geography of New York Harbor.

Although most of the city is adequately above sea level, parts of it could be threatened in the future if the current patterns of global warming continue. The total area is 35.31% water. 785.6 km² (303.3 mi²) of it is land and 428.8 km² (165.6 mi²) of it is water. According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 1,214.4 km² (468.9 mi²).

Travelers are advised to check forecasts and bring several layers of clothing in late fall and in the early spring months (e.g., November, March, April). However, the weather is notably unpredictable, with mild, almost snowless winters (such as in 1997-98) and relatively cool summers (such as in 1992) an occasional surprise, and huge snowstorms arriving as late as the second week in April (significant snow after mid-March is fairly rare though). Autumns are comfortable in New York and similar to spring in temperature. Summers in New York are hot and humid, with temperatures commonly exceeding 90 °F (32 °C), although high temperatures above 100 °F (38 °C) are about as rare as subzero (F) lows in winter.

Springs are mild, averaging in the 50s (degrees Fahrenheit, 10–15 degrees Celsius) in late March to the lower 80s °F (25–30 °C) in early June. New York winters are typically cold (though not severely so; temperatures below 0-deg F only occur about once per decade on average), and sometimes feature snowstorms that can paralyze the city with over a foot (30 cm) of snow. New York has a humid continental climate, though being adjacent to water it suffers less temperature fluctuation than inland areas. A number of smaller islands have been artificially enlarged, and the map of islands in Jamaica Bay has been completely transformed.

Much of the natural variations in topography have been evened out, particularly in Manhattan (one possible meaning for Manhattan is "island of hills"; in fact, the island was quite hilly before European settlement). The shape of the land has been altered substantially by human intervention, with considerable land reclamation along the waterfronts since Dutch times, most dramatically in Lower Manhattan, and continuing in modern developments like Battery Park City. Upper New York Bay is surrounded by Manhattan, Brooklyn, Staten Island, and the coast of New Jersey, and is connected by the Narrows between Brooklyn and Staten Island to Lower New York Bay, which is partially surrounded by Brooklyn, Staten Island, and the coast of New Jersey, and opens to the Atlantic Ocean. The East River and Harlem River, really a single tidal strait, stretch from the Long Island Sound to New York Bay, separating the Bronx and Manhattan from Long Island.

The Hudson River, sometimes known in the city as the North River, flows from the Hudson Valley into New York Bay, becoming a tidal estuary that separates the Bronx and Manhattan from New Jersey. There are also some smaller islands in the surrounding waters. The city itself has been built on the three major islands of Manhattan, Staten Island, and on western Long Island (Brooklyn and Queens), as well as on the mainland in the Bronx. New York City is situated among an archipelago of islands astride the Atlantic Ocean off the Eastern Seaboard of North America, surrounding the fine New York Harbor, which was the very reason for the city's founding.

See also: Timeline of New York City crimes. For New York City crime Statistics see http://www.nyc.gov/html/nypd/html/pct/cspdf.html. Another notorious crime story is the serial killings by the "Son of Sam", who on July 29, 1976 began a series of attacks that terrorized the city for the next year. New Yorkers are famous for doing things "bigger and better," and this sometimes applies to criminal activity: Organized crime has been associated with New York City since the early 20th Century, when legendary mobsters Arnold Rothstein, Meyer Lansky, and Lucky Luciano transformed it, although later decades are more famous for Mafia prosecutions (and prosecutors like Rudolph Giuliani) than for the influence of the Five Families.

New York City's crime rates vary by neighborhood and borough; Staten Island is the safest overall and Brooklyn and The Bronx have the highest crime rates. Some feel that the implementation of COMPSTAT crime analysis by the New York Police Department in 1994 is responsible for the positive changes. Violent crime in the city has dropped by 75% in the last twelve years and the murder rate in 2004 was at its lowest level in over forty years: there were 572 murders that year compared to 2,245 in 1990. Since 1991, New York City has seen a continuous fifteen-year trend of decreasing crime and is now among the safest cities in America; many neighborhoods that were once considered dangerous are now thriving with new businesses and housing, and many residents feel safe to walk the streets late at night.

Unlike other counties in New York, judges for Family Courts in New York City are appointed for ten year terms by the mayor, instead of being elected. Instead, there is a single Civil Court, with a presence in each borough and city-wide jurisdiction, and a Criminal Court for each New York City county which handles lesser criminal offenses and domestic violence cases, a responsibility shared with the Family Court. Unlike the rest of New York State, New York City does not have typical county courts. If the mayor vetoes the bill, the Council has 30 days to override the veto by a two-thirds majority vote.

Bills passed by a simple majority are sent to the mayor, who may sign it into law. Like most legislative bodies, the City Council is divided into committees which have oversight of various functions of the city government. Council members are elected every four years, and the leader of the majority party is called the Speaker. Legislative power in New York City is vested in a unicameral City Council, which contains 51 members, each representing a district of approximately 157,000 people.

The divisions, each comprising several city agencies and headed by an appointed Deputy Mayor, are:. The mayor has executive authority over five divisions of city government as well as several independent government offices. The executive branch of New York City is headed by the Mayor, who is elected by direct popular vote. Like most governmental entities in the United States, the city government is divided into executive, legislative and judicial branches.

Though subservient to the State of New York, the city enjoys a high degree of legislative and executive autonomy. The charter is enacted and amended by the New York State legislature, and occasionally through referendum. New York City is governed pursuant to the New York City Charter, as amended. See also: Neighborhood rebranding in New York City.

List of Staten Island neighborhoods. 459,737) is somewhat isolated and the most suburban in character of the five boroughs, but has become gradually more integrated into city life in recent decades, particularly since the opening of the Verrazano Narrows Bridge in 1964, an event that bred controversy and even a recent attempt at secession. Staten Island (Richmond County, pop. List of Queens neighborhoods.

Geographically it is the largest of the boroughs, and the legacy of its old constituent towns is still evident. 2,225,486) is the most diverse county in the U.S., with more immigrants than anywhere else. Queens (Queens County, pop. List of Brooklyn neighborhoods.

It ranges from a business district downtown to large residential tracts in the central and south-eastern areas. 2,472,523) is the most populous borough, with a strong native identity. Brooklyn (Kings County, pop. List of Bronx neighborhoods.

It is the only part of the city on the mainland. 1,363,198) is known as the purported birthplace of hip hop culture, as well as being the home of the New York Yankees. The Bronx (Bronx County, pop. List of Manhattan neighborhoods.

It is the most densely populated, and the home of most of the city's skyscrapers. 1,564,798) is the business center of the city, and the most superlatively urban. Manhattan (New York County, pop. Through the boroughs, there are hundreds of neighborhoods in the city, many with a definable history and character all their own.

Residents of the city often refer to the city itself as "the Five Boroughs," reserving the phrase "the City" for Manhattan, and referring to the other boroughs as "the Outer Boroughs." Those less familiar with the city often (incorrectly) think Manhattan is synonymous with New York City. Over the next ten years, the city expects a wave of public and private-sector building projects to reshape large sections of the city, and a residential construction boom has resulted in permits being issued for over 25,000 new residential units every year. The Freedom Tower, intended to be the world's tallest skyscraper after its scheduled completion in 2009, is to be built on the site. The city has since rebounded and the physical cleanup of Ground Zero was completed ahead of schedule.

Thick, acrid smoke continued to pour out of its ruins for months following the Twin Towers' fiery collapse. New York City was the site of a terrorist attack on September 11, 2001 when nearly 3,000 people were killed by the terrorist strike on the World Trade Center, including New Yorkers employed in the buildings and hundreds of firemen, policemen, and rescue workers who came to their aid. In the late 1990s, the city benefited disproportionately from the success of the financial services industry during the dot com boom, one of the factors in a decade of booming residential and commercial real estate value increases. citizens seeking to live a cosmopolitan lifestyle that only New York City can offer.

In the 1990s, crime rates dropped drastically and the outflow of population turned around, as the city once again became the destination not only of immigrants from around the world, but of many U.S. The 1980s saw a rebirth of Wall Street, and the city reclaimed its role at the center of the world-wide financial industry. The city was also forced to accept increased scrutiny of its finances by an agency of New York State called the Financial Control Board. In 1975, the city government was on the brink of financial collapse and had to restructure its debt through the Municipal Assistance Corporation, headed by Felix Rohatyn.

Like many US cities, New York suffered population decline, an erosion of its industrial base, and race riots in the 1960s, and by the 1970s, the city had gained a reputation for being a crime-ridden relic of history. In 1951, the United Nations relocated from its first headquarters in Flushing Meadows Park, Queens, to the East Side of Manhattan. A post-World War II economic and residential boom was associated with returning veterans and immigration from Europe, and huge tracts of new housing were constructed in eastern Queens. Both before and after World War II, vast areas of the city were also reshaped by the rise of the bridges, parks and parkways of coordinator Robert Moses, the greatest proponent of automobile-centered modernist urbanism in America.

New York City became the most populous city in the world in 1925, overtaking London, which had reigned for a century. Despite the effects of the Great Depression, the 1930s saw the building of some of the world's tallest skyscrapers, including numerous Art-Deco masterpieces that are still part of the city's skyline today. Interborough Rapid Transit (the first subway company) began operating in 1904, and the railroads operating out of Grand Central Terminal thrived. Throughout the first half of the 20th century, the city became a world center for industry, commerce, and communication. On June 15, 1904 over 1,000 people, mostly German Immigrants, were killed when the steamship General Slocum caught fire and burned in the East River; and on March 25, 1911 the Triangle Factory Fire in Greenwich Village took the lives of 145 female garment workers, which would eventually lead to great advancements in the city's fire department, building codes, and workplace regulations.

In 1914, the New York State Legislature created Bronx county, making five counties coterminous with the five boroughs. All municipal (county, town and city) governments contained within the boroughs were abolished. The Borough of Brooklyn incorporated the independent City of Brooklyn, recently joined to Manhattan by the Brooklyn Bridge, and several municipalities in eastern Kings County, New York; the Borough of Queens was created from western Queens County (with the remnant established as Nassau County in 1899); and The Borough of Staten Island contained all of Richmond County. Manhattan and the Bronx, though still one county, were established as two separate boroughs and joined together with three other boroughs created from parts of adjacent counties to form the new municipal government originally called "Greater New York".

In 1898, New York City took the political form in which it exists to this day. In two separate actions in 1874 and 1895, New York City (and New York County) annexed sections of southern Westchester County known as the Bronx. After the Civil War, the rate of immigration from Europe grew steeply, and New York became the first stop for millions seeking a new and better life in the United States, a role acknowledged by the dedication of the Statue of Liberty in 1886. During the American Civil War (1861–1865), the city's strong commercial ties to the South, its growing immigrant population, and anger about conscription led to divided sympathy for both the Union and Confederacy, culminating in the Draft Riots of 1863, the worst civil unrest in American history.

Local politics became dominated by Tammany Hall, a Democratic Party political machine. By 1835, New York City overtook Philadelphia as the largest city in the United States. During the 19th century, the city was transformed by immigration, a visionary development proposal called the Commissioners' Plan of 1811, which expanded the city street grid to encompass all of Manhattan, and the opening of the Erie Canal, which connected the Atlantic port to the vast agricultural markets of the Mid-western United States and Canada in 1819. The Continental Congress under the Articles of Confederation met there, and New York City remained the capital of the US until 1790.

On April 30, 1789 Washington was inaugurated as the first President of the United States at Federal Hall on Wall Street. On this date, marked annually thereafter as "Evacuation Day," George Washington returned to the city and the last British forces left the United States. New York was greatly damaged by fire during the Battle of Brooklyn at the start of the American Revolutionary War, and was occupied by the British until November 25, 1783. The city was renamed New York, after James, Duke of York, and became a royal colony in 1685 when James succeeded his brother as King of England.

In 1664, English ships captured the city without struggle, and the Dutch formally ceded it to the English in the Treaty of Breda at the conclusion of the Second Anglo-Dutch War in 1667. Minuit's settlement was also a haven for Huguenots seeking religious freedom.
. In that year, Peter Minuit established a long tradition of shrewd real estate investing when he purchased Manhattan Island and Staten Island from Algonquin tribesmen in exchange for trade goods (legend, now long disproved, has it that the island was purchased for $24 worth of glass beads). Following the 1609 voyage of Henry Hudson, European settlement began with the founding of the fortified Dutch fur trading settlement of New Amsterdam (Nieuw Amsterdam) in the New Netherland colony on the southern tip of Manhattan in 1626.

Long before the arrival of European settlers, the New York City area was inhabited by the Lenape people, including such tribes as the Manahattoes, Canarsies and Raritan; Lenape in canoes met Giovanni da Verrazzano, the first European explorer to enter New York Harbor, in 1524.
. If it were a nation, the city would have the 16th highest gross domestic product in the world, exceeding that of Russia ($433 billion), and the second highest per capita GDP in the world, at about $59,000/head, about $7,000/head lower than Luxembourg. State.

and the sixth largest if compared to any U.S. Its estimated gross metropolitan product of US$488.8 billion in 2003 was the largest of any city in the U.S. New York City serves as an enormous engine for the global economy, and is home to more Fortune 500 companies than anywhere else in the United States. The city is at the heart of the New York Metropolitan Area, which, with over 22 million people, is one of the largest urban conglomerations in the world, and is the epicenter of both the Tri-State area and the BosWash megalopolis.

New York City comprises five boroughs: Brooklyn, the Bronx, Manhattan, Queens, and Staten Island — each of which could be a major city in its own right. Many people from all over the United States are also attracted to New York City for its culture, energy, cosmopolitanism, and by their own hope of making it big in the "Big Apple.". Located in the state of New York, New York City has a population of over 8 million people contained within 309 square miles (800 km²), including immigrants from over 180 countries who help make it one of the most cosmopolitan cities on earth. The city is also home to all of the international embassies to the United Nations, which has its headquarters in the city.

New York City is among the world's most important global cities, as it is home to many world-class museums, galleries, performance venues, media outlets, and international corporations. It is at the center of international finance, politics, communications, music, fashion, and culture. New York City (officially named the City of New York) is the largest city, by population, in the United States. Category:New York City public education.

List of colleges and universities in New York City. List of movies set in New York City. List of television shows set in New York City. List of New York City Television and Film studios.

List of New York City newspapers and magazines. List of books set in New York City. 40° 42′ 51″ N 74° 0′ 23″ W (http://kvaleberg.com/extensions/mapsources/index.php?params=40_42_51_N_74_0_23_W_).