Arizona

The state hosts the following major league teams (called the Cactus league) for spring training:. For some, to use the word "Catholic" at all is to appear to give credence to papal claims. Arizona is a popular location for Major League Baseball spring training. The Orthodox Churches share some of the concerns about Roman Catholic claims, but disagree with Protestants about the nature of the Church as one body. For a complete list, see List of people from Arizona.. Some Protestant Christian Churches avoid using the term completely. Labor leader Cesar Estrada Chavez is from Yuma. Texts in Latin generally follow this usage, not the English practice.

Film director Steven Spielberg grew up in Scottsdale, as did Wonder Woman star Lynda Carter. For instance, since French normally capitalizes only the first word of the title of an entity, the adjective "catholique", following the noun "Église", has a lower-case initial. From the rock and roll world, both Alice Cooper and Stevie Nicks of Fleetwood Mac are from Phoenix; Linda Ronstadt is from Tucson. Translations even of modern texts into English often follow the usage of the original language. Famous Arizonans also include Supreme Court Justice Sandra Day O'Connor, author Zane Grey, former Governor and Secretary of the Interior Bruce Babbitt, architect Frank Lloyd Wright, Presidential candidate (1964) and former Senator Barry Goldwater, Presidential candidate (2000) and Senior Republican Senator John McCain, former senator Carl Hayden and former Solicitor General Rex E. Lee . It would be anachronistic to attribute significance to capitalization or lack of capitalization in printings of texts dating from before the last few centuries or in translations of those texts, since the originals were written in unmixed majuscule or minuscule letters.
. Capitalization may merely indicate a wish to stress the holy and solemn nature of the spiritual body of believers and a desire for all Christians to be one.

Ranked by per capita income. It may indicate formal affiliation with the Roman Catholic Church or it may not. Each city named in bold has a population greater than 100,000. Capitalization is no sure guide to denominational affiliation. See: List of cities in Arizona, List of cities in Arizona (by population), List of Arizona counties. The epistles in question are James (http://www.usccb.org/nab/bible/index.htm#james); First (http://www.usccb.org/nab/bible/index.htm#1peter) and Second Peter (http://www.usccb.org/nab/bible/index.htm#2peter); First (http://www.usccb.org/nab/bible/index.htm#1john), Second (http://www.usccb.org/nab/bible/2john/2john.htm), and Third Johnand (http://www.usccb.org/nab/bible/3john/3john.htm) Jude (http://www.usccb.org/nab/bible/jude/jude.htm). There is also a significant Mormon population. It is thus, strictly speaking, not an ecclesiastical term, being employed in the original broad sense of the Greek word from which "catholic" is derived.

Four in five Arizonans are self-described Christians, with large numbers of both Catholics and Protestants living in the state. "Catholic Epistles" is another term for the General Epistles of the Christian New Testament in the Bible, which were addressed not to a particular city but to all in general. See also the list of Arizona Natives.. Reformed Churches also consider themselves to be part of the Holy Catholic Church. 49.9% of the population is male, 50.1% is female. These include "High Church" Anglicans, known also as "Anglo-Catholics". As of 2000, 74.1% of Arizona residents age 5 and older speak English at home and 19.5% speak Spanish. Navajo is the third most spoken language at 1.9%, followed by Other Native North American languages at 0.6% and German at 0.5%. Others too who do not recognize the primacy of the Bishop of Rome use the term Catholic, but not in an exclusive sense, to describe their position, so as to distinguish it from a Calvinist or Puritan form of Protestantism.

In 2003, for the first time, there were more Hispanic births in the state than white non-Hispanic births. As well as the Roman Catholic Church, the Eastern Orthodox Churches, and the Oriental Orthodox Churches all see themselves as the "one holy catholic and apostolic Church" of the Nicene Creed. Arizona is likely to become a minority-majority state by the year 2035 at the latest. However, there was a span of time exceeding a millennium between the "early Church" and the Reformation during which both Scripture and Christian teaching were maintained. Only California has more Indians than Arizona, and Arizona has slightly more Indians than Oklahoma [1] (http://eire.census.gov/popest/data/states/ST-EST2002-ASRO-03.php). Since the time of the Reformation in the 16th century, Protestants (those who protest) have sought to restore a more primitive expression of the Church, whose goals and beliefs they believe to be more consonant with the early Church, based primarily on Scriptural texts. 286,680 reportedly live in Arizona, this represents more than 10% of the country's total Indian population of 2,752,158. The Catholic Church holds that there can be no such thing as the Church as an "invisible entity" ONLY.

According to 2003 Census esimates, Arizona has the second highest number of Native Americans of any state in the Union. However, the Roman Catholic Church, which normally refers to itself simply as the Catholic Church, and which published a "Catechism of the Catholic Church" in 1992, can be traced historically to be, basically, the continuation of the original Catholic or universal Church, from which other groups broke away at various times in history. The racial breakdown of the state is as follows:. Those who apply the term "Catholic Church" to all Christians indiscriminately find it objectionable that a term designating the whole Church (as an invisible entity) should be used to refer to one communion only. As of 2003, Arizona had a population of 5,580,811 according Census Bureau estimates. Augustine wrote:. High-tech employment was led by software and computers, with 34,314; electronics components manufacturing, 30,358; aerospace manufacturing, 25,641; architectural and engineering services, 21,378; telecommunications, 21,224; and instruments manufacturing, 13,056. A millennium before the Protestant Reformation, St.

High-tech payroll in 2001 was $2.2 billion, or 14.7 percent of the private-sector total. Mark's Catholic Church" makes it clear that it is not an Episcopal or Lutheran church. In 2001, 161,166 Arizonans were employed in the high-tech sector, accounting for about 8.3 percent of total private-sector employment of more than 1.9 million. For example, the name "St. Arizona lost much of its advantage as a high-technology industry leader between 1990 and 2001, according to a state Department of Commerce (http://www.commerce.state.az.us/) report. In countries that have been traditionally Protestant, Catholic will often be included in the official name of a particular parish church, school, hospice or other institution belonging to the Roman Catholic Church, in order to distinguish it from those of other denominations. The state government is the state's largest employer, while Wal-Mart is the state's largest private employer, with 17,343 employees in 2003. Whilst the term is usually associated with the Roman Catholic Church, most Christians also lay claim to the term "catholic", including Eastern Orthodox and those Protestant churches possessing an episcopate (bishops).

Copper is still produced in abundance from many giant open-pit mines and underground mines. When divisions arose within the Catholic Church, the Church fathers and the historic creeds used it to distinguish the mainstream body of orthodox Christian believers from those adhering to sects or heretical groups. At one point Arizona was the largest producer of cotton in the country. Early Christians used the term to describe the whole undivided Church, the word's literal meaning is universal or whole. Its per capita income was $27,232, 39^th in the United States. Early in its history, Arizona's economy relied on the "five C's": copper, cotton, cattle, citrus and climate (i.e., tourism). Some Anglicans do not consider themselves as part of a broader Catholic Church. The 2003 total gross state product was $182 billion. Methodism and Presbyterianism, though Christians who believe themselves as owing their origins to the Apostles and the early Church, do not claim a descent from ancient church structures such as the episcopate.

It is rare for tornadoes to occur in Arizona. Not all Christian denominations view themselves as part of a broad Catholic Church. The monsoons bring lightning, thunderstorms, wind and torrentious, if usually brief, evening downpours. Catholic (literally meaning: according to (kata-) the whole (holos) or more generally "universal") is a religious term with a number of meanings:. Monsoon season in Arizona is from the end of July through August. The Nicene Creed is also used by the Roman Catholic Church. Extreme cold temperatures are not unknown, cold air systems from the northern states and Canada occasionally push into the state bringing temperatures below -20C ( subzero Fahrenheit) temperatures in the higher parts of the state. The various churches that regard themselves as part of a broad Catholic Church are distinguished by their use of the Nicene Creed which prays for the "one holy catholic and apostolic Church".

However, the northern third of Arizona is a plateau at signficantly higher altitudes than the lower desert, and has an appreciably cooler climate, with cold winters and mild summers. Among those members who regard themselves as Catholic but not Roman Catholic are the various Orthodox churches (Eastern Orthodox, Greek Orthodox, Russian Orthodox, Oriental Orthodox),Anglo-Catholics (also known as High Anglicans) and the Old Catholic churches. Due to the primarily dry climate, large temperature swings often occur between day and night temperatures, with temperature swings as large as 10 C (50 F) in the summer months. It can be used to refer to those Christian churches who maintain a belief that their episcopate can be traced directly back to the Apostles, and that they are therefore part of a broad catholic (or universal) body of believers. The summer months of May through August bring a dry, heat ranging from 35 to 40 degrees Celsius (the high 90-100s), with occasional high temperatures exceeding 50C (125 F) have been observed in the desert area. Most people think of Latin Rite when thinking of the Roman Catholic Church but there are other rites in union with Rome in addition to the Latin Rite. About midway through February, the temperatures start to rise again with sunny warm days, and cool breezy nights. It can refer to the members, beliefs and practices of the Roman Catholic Church in all of its more than twenty rites.

November through February are the coldest months with temperatures typically ranging from 4 - 24 degrees Celsius (40-75 degrees Fahrenheit), although occasional frosts are not uncommon. This "universal" interpretation is often used to understand the phrase "One Holy Catholic and Apostolic Church" in the Nicene Creed, the phrase "the catholic faith" in the Athanasian Creed, and the phrase "holy catholic church" in the Apostles Creed. Typically, from late fall to early spring, the weather is mild, averaging a minimum of 15 degrees Celsius (60 degrees Fahrenheit). The term can refer to the notion that all Christians are part of one Church, regardless of denominational divisions. In the lower elevations, the climate is primarily desert, with mild winters and hot summers. Due to its large area and variations in elevation, the state has a wide variety of climates.

Several major Hollywood films, such as U-Turn, Waiting to Exhale, and Bill and Ted's Excellent Adventure have been made there (as indeed have many Westerns). Many tourist souvenirs produced in Arizona or by its residents display immediately characteristic images, such as sunsets, coyotes, and desert plants. Sedona and Tubac are known as budding artist colonies, and small arts scenes exist in the larger cities and near the state universities. The state is a recognized center of Native American art, with a number of galleries such as the Heard Museum showcasing historical and contemporary works.

Arizona has witnessed a continuous string of dancing and performing groups of many ethnicities. Nearly 2 billion years of the Earth's history has been exposed as the Colorado River and its tributaries cut through layer after layer of sediment as the Colorado Plateaus have uplifted. The canyon, created by the Colorado River cutting a channel over millions of years, is about 277 mile (446 km) long, ranges in width from 6 to 29 kilometers (4 to 18 miles) and attains a depth of more than 1,6 km (1 mile). President Theodore Roosevelt was a major proponent of the Grand Canyon area, visiting on numerous occasions to hunt mountain lion and enjoy the breathtaking scenery.

The canyon is one of the seven natural wonders of the world and is largely contained in the Grand Canyon National Park - one of the first national parks in the United States. The Grand Canyon is a colorful, steep-sided gorge, carved by the Colorado River, in northern Arizona. The Mogollon Rim, a 600-meters (2000-foot) escarpment, cuts across the central section of the state and marks the southwestern edge of the Colorado Plateau, where the state experienced its worst forest fire ever in 2002. More than half of the state features mountains and plateaus and contains the largest stand of Ponderosa pine in the United States.

Like other states of the Southwest, Arizona has an abundance of topographical characteristics in addition to its desert climes. Arizona gained two seats in the House of Representatives due to redistricting based on Census 2000. Hayworth (R-5), Jeff Flake (R-6), Raul Grijalva (D-7), and Jim Kolbe (R-8). Arizona's representatives in the United States House of Representatives are Rick Renzi (R-1), Trent Franks (R-2), John Shadegg (R-3), Ed Pastor (D-4), J.D.

The two Arizona US Senators are Senator John McCain (Republican) and Senator Jon Kyl (Republican). She has been governor since 2003. See:List of Arizona Governors. The current Governor of Arizona is Janet Napolitano, a Democrat. The governor may serve any number of terms, though no more than two in a row.

Arizona's executive branch is headed by a governor elected for a four-year term. However, no more than four terms may be served consecutively. Arizona state senators and representatives are elected for two year terms and there are no terms limits. The executive budget has allocated money to previously passed legislation.

Besides the money spent on state agencies, money has also been allocated for tax cuts, pay raises for government employees, and health insurance for government employees. The 2002 budget of the Arizona state legislature was $14.3 billion, while the executive budget was $13.8 billion. The majority party is the Republican party, which has held power since 1950. Arizona's legislature consists of a thirty-member Senate and a 60-member House of Representatives.

See: List of Congressmen. Arizona was admitted into the Union on February 14, 1912. The site was purchased after the war by the Maytag family, and is currently the Phoenix Zoo. Arizona was also the site of a German and Italian prisoner of war camp during WWII.

With the encouragement of Brigham Young, Mormons went to Arizona from Utah in the mid to late 1800s to the Phoenix Valley (or "Valley of the Sun"), Mesa, Tempe, Prescott, Snowflake, Heber, and many other Arizona towns to settle there. Arizona was administered as part of the Territory of New Mexico until it was organized into a separate territory on February 24, 1863. In 1853 the land below the Gila River was acquired from Mexico in the Gadsden Purchase. The United States took possession of most of Arizona at the end of the Mexican War in 1848.

All of what is now Arizona became part of Mexico's northwest frontier upon the Mexican assertion of independence from Spain in 1810. Father Kino developed a chain of missions and taught the Indians Christianity in Pimería Alta (now southern Arizona and northern Sonora) in the 1690's and early 1700's. Spain founded fortified towns (presidios) at Tubac in 1752 and Tucson in 1775. Coronado's expedition entered the area in 1540–42 during its search for Cibola. Beyond its original native inhabitants, Marcos de Niza, a Franciscan, explored the area in 1539.

USS Arizona was named in honor of this state. Three possible derivations are:. Historians disagree about the origin of the name "Arizona" and its attachment to the region. Besides the Grand Canyon, a number of other National Forests, Parks, Monuments, and Indian reservations are located in the state.

Its major cities are Phoenix, Tucson, Yuma, and Flagstaff. It is also the name of a US Battleship, the USS Arizona. It is one of the Four Corners states, south and east of the Colorado River, bordering New Mexico, Utah, Nevada, California and Mexico, and touching Colorado. Arizona was the 48th state admitted to the United States and is part of the Southwest United States.

Texas Rangers in Surprise. Seattle Mariners in Peoria. San Francisco Giants in Scottsdale. San Diego Padres in Peoria.

Oakland Athletics in Phoenix. Milwaukee Brewers in Phoenix. Los Angeles Angels of Anaheim in Tempe. Kansas City Royals in Surprise.

Colorado Rockies in Tucson. Chicago White Sox in Tucson. Chicago Cubs in Mesa. Arizona Diamondbacks in Tucson.

Phoenix Suns (National Basketball Association). Phoenix Mercury (Women's National Basketball Association). Phoenix Coyotes (National Hockey League). Arizona Sting (National Lacrosse League).

Arizona Rattlers (Arena Football League). Arizona Diamondbacks (Major League Baseball). Arizona Cardinals (National Football League). Arizona Music Educators Association.

Western International University. University of Phoenix. Thunderbird - The Garvin School of International Management. Southwestern College.

Prescott College. Grand Canyon University. Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University. DeVry University, Phoenix.

Collins College, Tempe. American Indian College of the Assemblies of God. Northland Pioneer College. Arizona Western College.

South Mountain Community College. Mohave Community College. Cochise College. Prescott College.

Yavapai Community College. Eastern Arizona College. Pima Community College. South Mountain Community College.

Scottsdale Community College. Rio Salado Community College. Phoenix College. Paradise Valley Community College.

Mesa Community College. Glendale Community College. GateWay Community College. Estrella Mountain Community College.

Chandler-Gilbert Community College. Northern Arizona University. University of Arizona. Arizona State University.

18% No Religion. 2% Non-Christian religions. 6% Mormon. 25% Other Protestants.

4% Lutheran. 5% Methodist. 9% Baptist. 43% Protestant