This page will contain videos about vatican city, as they become available.Vatican City |
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| Motto: None | |
| Anthem: Inno e Marcia Pontificale | |
| Capital | Vatican City1 41°54′N 12°27′E |
| Largest city | Vatican City1 |
| Official languages | Latin2 |
| Government
Head of State Secretary of State Governor |
Elective monarchy Pope Benedict XVI Angelo Cardinal Sodano Edmund Cardinal Szoka |
| Independence -Treaty signed |
Lateran Treaties 11 February 1929 |
| Area • Total • Water (%) |
0.44 km² (194th) 0.0 |
| Population • 2005 est. • Density |
925 (194th) 2,093/km² (3rd) |
| Currency | Euro (EUR) |
| Time zone • Summer (DST) |
CET (UTC+1) CEST (UTC+2) |
| Internet TLD | .va |
| Calling code | +379 |
| 1Vatican City is a city-state. 2Used for official purposes. De facto used languages are Italian, German, English, Spanish, French and Portuguese, with Italian being most commonly used. The language of the Swiss Guard is German. |
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Vatican City — formally State of the Vatican City, or Vatican City State (Italian: Stato della Città del Vaticano, Latin: Status Civitatis Vaticanae) — is a tiny sovereign state whose territory consists of a landlocked enclave within the city of Rome, Italy. The entire country is about 0.2 square miles. Since it is governed by the Bishop of Rome (aka the Pope), its government can be described as ecclesiastical and the highest state functionaries are in fact clergymen. It is the smallest independent nation state in the world in terms of area and population (that is, if that of the Knights of Malta is not counted as a country). It is the sovereign territory of the Holy See and the location of the Apostolic Palace—the Pope's official residence—and the Roman Curia. Thus, although the principal ecclesiastical seat of the Holy See (Saint John Lateran) is located in Rome itself, the Vatican City can be said to be the governmental capital of the Roman Catholic Church of both East and West.
The placename is ancient and predates Christianity, coming from the Latin Mons Vaticanus, Vatican Hill. It is part of the Mons Vaticanus, and of the adjacent former Vatican Fields upon which St. Peter's Basilica, the residence of the popes called the Apostolic Palace, with its Sistine Chapel, and museums were built, along with various other buildings. The area was never fully incorporated into the urban conglomeration of Rome until the last century, being separated from the city by the river Tiber. It was thus an outcrop of the city and was protected by being included in a loop of the city wall. When the 1929 Lateran Treaty that gave the state its present form was being prepared, the fact that a good part of the proposed territory was all but enclosed by this loop led to the present territorial definition being adopted. For some tracts of the frontier there was no wall, but the line of certain buildings supplied part of the boundary, and for a small part of the frontier a modern wall was constructed. The territory included St. Peter's Square, which it was not possible to isolate from the rest of Rome and therefore a largely imaginary border with Italy runs along the outer limit of the square where it touches on Piazza Pio XII and Via Paolo VI. Although technically not included within the territory of the Vatican City State, according to the Lateran Treaties, certain properties of the Holy See, although not being part of the territory of the City State, have an extraterritorial status similar to that of foreign embassies. These include the papal summer residence of Castelgandolfo in the nearby hills, the Lateran Basilica, the basilicas of St. Mary Major and of St Paul Outside the Walls, and a number of other buildings in Rome. Castelgandolfo and the named basilicas are patrolled internally by police agents of the Vatican City State and not by Italian police. St. Peter's Square is ordinarily policed jointly by both.
The Head of State is the Pope, who as the supreme executive, legislative, and judicial authority is also the Head of Government. This is a non-hereditary elective monarchy with a sovereign who exercises absolute authority, that is to say supreme legislative, executive and judicial power not only over Vatican City State but also constituting the Holy See. The sovereign is elected for a life term in conclave by cardinals under the age of 80. His principal subordinate government officials are the Secretary of State, the President of the Pontifical Commission for Vatican City State, and the Governor of Vatican City.
The current pope is Benedict XVI, born Joseph Ratzinger in Germany. Angelo Cardinal Sodano of Italy is the Secretary of State. Edmund Cardinal Szoka serves as both the President of the Pontifical Commission and Governor, born an American of Polish descent. Sodano and Szoka served in their respective roles under Pope John Paul II and were then reappointed to those same roles by his successor.
It is supposed that this originally uninhabited part of Rome (the ager vaticanus) had always been considered sacred, or at least not available for habitation, even before the arrival of Christianity. In 326 the first church, Constantine's basilica, was built over the site of the tomb of Saint Peter, who was buried in a common cemetery on the spot, and from then on the area started to become more populated, but mostly only by dwelling houses connected with the activity of St Peter's.
Popes in their secular role gradually came to govern neighbouring regions and, through the Papal States, ruled a large portion of the Italian peninsula for more than a thousand years until the mid 19th century, when most of the territory of the Papal States was seized by the newly created Kingdom of Italy. For much of this time the Vatican was not the habitual residence of the Popes, but rather the Lateran Palace, and in recent centuries, the Quirinal Palace, while the residence from 1309-1377 was at Avignon in France.
In 1870, the Pope's holdings were left in an uncertain situation when Rome itself was annexed by the Piedmontese after a nominal resistance of the papal forces. The popes were left between 1870 and 1929 in a situation somewhat like that of the last emperor of China, undisturbed in their palace, but with no official status recognized by the Italian State. Other states maintained international recognition of the Holy See as a sovereign entity, and in practice Italy made no attempt to interfere with the Holy See. During this period it became fashionable to speak of the Pope as a "prisoner". This situation was resolved on February 11, 1929 under the premiership of Mussolini by the three Lateran treaties, which established the independent State of the Vatican City and granted Catholicism special status in Italy. The cathedra (official seat) of the Bishop of Rome, the Pope, is in the Lateran basilica, Rome's cathedral. The Lateran is on one of the seven hills of Rome, the Caelian. In 1984, a new concordat between the Holy See and Italy modified certain provisions of the earlier treaty, including the position of Catholicism as the Italian state religion.
For historical reasons, the government of Vatican City has a unique structure. As noted, the principal figures are the Secretary of State, the President of the Pontifical Commission for the Vatican City State, and the Governor of Vatican City. These, like all other officials, are appointed by the Pope and can be dismissed by him at any time.
During a sede vacante (papal vacancy), the Chamberlain of the Holy Roman Church, former Secretary of State, and former President of the Pontifical Commission form a commission that performs some of the functions of the head of state; while another made up of the Chamberlain and three cardinals (one being chosen by lot every three days from each order of cardinals), performs other functions of the head of state. All decisions of these commissions must be approved by the College of Cardinals.
The main entrance to Vatican City from the top of St. Peter's Basilica, surrounded by Rome.The Governor of Vatican City, sometime known as the President of Vatican City, has duties similar to those of a mayor or city executive, concentrating on material questions concerning the state's territory, including local security, but excluding external relations. The Vatican City maintains a modern security corps, the famous Swiss Guards, a voluntary military force drawn from male Swiss citizens. They are not really an army of the Vatican City State so much as a police force and the personal bodyguard of the Pope.
Legislative power is vested in the Pontifical Commission for Vatican City State, led by a President. Members are cardinals appointed by the pope for terms of five years.
The judicial functions are handled by three tribunals — the Apostolic Signatura, the Sacra Rota Romana, and the Apostolic Penitentiary, which are also the judicial arm of the Holy See (see below). The legal system is based on canon, or ecclesiastical, law; if canon law is not applicable, special laws of the territory apply, often modelled on Italian provisions.
Vatican City has its own post office, commissary (supermarket), bank (the automatic teller machines are the only ones in the world to use Latin), railway station, electricity generating plant, and publishing house. The Vatican also issues its own coins and stamps and controls its own Internet domain (.va). Radio Vatican, the official radio station, is one of the most influential in Europe. L'Osservatore Romano is the semi-official newspaper, published daily in Italian, and weekly in English, Spanish, Portuguese, German, and French (plus a monthly edition in Polish). It is published by Catholic laymen but carries official information.
The Vatican City, one of the European microstates, is situated on the Vatican Hill in the north-western part of Rome, several hundred metres west of the Tiber river, on the latter's right bank. Its borders (3.2km in total, all with Italy) closely follow the city wall constructed to protect the Pope from outside attack. The situation is more complex at the famous St. Peter's Square in front of the St. Peter's Basilica, where the correct border is just outside the ellipse formed by Bernini's colonnade. It is the smallest sovereign state in the world at 0.44 km² (108.7 acres).
Its climate is clearly mostly the same as Rome's; a temperate, Mediterranean climate with mild, rainy winters from September to mid-May and hot, dry summers from May to August. There are some local features, principally mists and dews, caused by the anomalous bulk of St Peter's Basilica, the elevation, the fountains and the size of the large paved square.
Budget: Revenues (2003) $252 million; expenditures (2003) $264 million. Industries: printing and production of few mosaics and staff uniforms; worldwide banking and financial activities. This unique, non-commercial economy is also supported financially by contributions (known as Peter's Pence) from Catholics throughout the world, the sale of postage stamps and tourist mementos, fees for admission to museums, and the sale of publications. The incomes and living standards of lay workers are comparable to, or somewhat better than, those of counterparts who work in the city of Rome.
Vatican City has used the Euro as its currency since January 1, 2002. It has its own bank, Vatican Bank.
Almost all of Vatican City's 921 citizens live inside the Vatican's walls. The Vatican citizenry consists mainly of clergy, including high dignitaries, priests, nuns, as well as the famous Swiss Guard, a volunteer military force. There are also about 3,000 lay workers who comprise the majority of the Vatican work force, but who reside outside the Vatican.
The official language is Latin, the lingua franca of the Roman Empire, which has remained in use in the Roman Catholic Church. Italian and, to a lesser extent, other languages are generally used for most conversations, publications, and broadcasts. German is the official language of the Swiss Guard.
A separate Vatican City citizenship exists, enabling Vatican officials to travel on Vatican passports, and giving them diplomatic status in countries to which they are accredited. At the end of 2003, 552 persons held Vatican citizenship, of whom 61 were cardinals, 346 were other clergy, 101 members of the Pontifical Swiss Guard and 44 were other lay persons. Nearly all these people were dual citizens, retaining citizenship of their own countries while working at the Vatican. Most Italians employed in the Vatican do not have Vatican citizenship.
Providing a territorial identity for the Holy See, the State of the Vatican City is a recognized national territory under international law. However, it is the Holy See that is the legal body that conducts diplomatic relations for the Vatican City in addition to the Holy See's usual diplomacy, entering into international agreements and both receives and sends diplomatic representatives. Due to the very limited territory of the Vatican state, foreign embassies to the Holy See are located in the Italian part of Rome; Italy actually hosts its own Embassy of Italy.
The Vatican City is itself of great cultural significance. Buildings such as St. Peter's Basilica and the Sistine Chapel are home to some of the most beautiful art in the world, which includes works by artists such as Botticelli, Bernini and Michelangelo. The Vatican Library and the collections of the Vatican Museums are of the highest historical, scientific and cultural importance.
The permanent population of the Vatican City is predominately male, although two orders of nuns live in the Vatican. A minority are senior Catholic clergy; the remainder are members of religious orders. Many workers in the Vatican City live outside its walls, including the Swiss Guard and embassy personnel.
Men, and especially women, must adhere to strict dress codes. Clothes that show the legs above the knees are strictly banned.
Citizenship can be achieved by stable residence and by holding an office or job within the city. Tourism is an important factor in the daily life of the Vatican. The Pope leads weekly mass and other services, and appears on religious holidays such as Easter.
As a result of the Vatican having a small resident population, but millions of visitors every year, the state has the highest per capita crime rate of any nation on earth, more than twenty times higher than Italy. In his 2002 report to the pontifical court, Chief Prosecutor Nicola Picardi quoted statistics of 87.2% for civil offences, and 133.6% for penal offences. Each year, hundreds of tourists fall victim to pickpockets and purse snatchers. The perpetrators, who are also visitors, are rarely caught, with 90% of crimes remaining unsolved.
Normally, for civil offenses the Italian courts will handle the disposition of these cases.
The Vatican City has no airports. There is one heliport and a 852 m (932 yd) standard gauge (1435 mm) railway that connects to Italy's network at Rome's Saint Peter's station. The railway is used only to transport freight.
A newspaper, L'Osservatore Romano, publishes daily in Italian, weekly in English, Spanish, French, German, and Portuguese, and monthly in Polish.
The City is served by an independent, modern telephone system and post office. A bit of conventional wisdom in Rome is that international mail dropped in a mailbox in the Vatican will reach its destination more quickly than one dropped only a few hundred metres away in an Italian mailbox. People sending mail to the Vatican are adivsed to not write anything other than Vatican City State for the destination on the envelope. The reason for this is that this enables mail to be sent directly to the Vatican - otherwise it would go through the postal systems of other countries, which would cause a delay in shipment to the Vatican. The Vatican (which has its own country code, .va) has an official website, radio station, and satellite TV channels.
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The Vatican (which has its own country code, .va) has an official website, radio station, and satellite TV channels. The City is served by an independent, modern telephone system and post office. Viacom's country music-themed cable network CMT (the former daughter network to TNN) currently airs the show several times each weekday. A newspaper, L'Osservatore Romano, publishes daily in Italian, weekly in English, Spanish, French, German, and Portuguese, and monthly in Polish. Some months after the creation of "The New TNN" (shortly before its change to "Spike TV"), the program was absent from all television for quite some time. The railway is used only to transport freight. Until TNN was purchased by Viacom, it aired reruns of The Dukes of Hazzard. There is one heliport and a 852 m (932 yd) standard gauge (1435 mm) railway that connects to Italy's network at Rome's Saint Peter's station. A feature film remake of the series, The Dukes of Hazzard premiered on August 5, 2005. The Vatican City has no airports. There were two made-for-TV reunion movies, The Dukes of Hazzard: Reunion! (1997) and The Dukes of Hazzard: Hazzard In Hollywood (2000). Normally, for civil offenses the Italian courts will handle the disposition of these cases. A complete listing of "The Dukes of Hazzard" episodes, along with synopsis, can be found at List of The Dukes of Hazzard episodes. The perpetrators, who are also visitors, are rarely caught, with 90% of crimes remaining unsolved. He was also "The Balladeer" (as credited), and served as narrator of the show. Each year, hundreds of tourists fall victim to pickpockets and purse snatchers. The theme song "The Good Ol' Boys" was written and performed by the late Waylon Jennings. In his 2002 report to the pontifical court, Chief Prosecutor Nicola Picardi quoted statistics of 87.2% for civil offences, and 133.6% for penal offences. Original airdate: 21 December 1979) claiming to be a cousin by marriage, but turned out to be a con man impersonating their real 3rd cousin from London, England where he is a priest at a halfway-house.. As a result of the Vatican having a small resident population, but millions of visitors every year, the state has the highest per capita crime rate of any nation on earth, more than twenty times higher than Italy. NOTE: "Gaylord Duke" appeared in the episode "The Duke of Duke" (Episode 13, Season 2. The Pope leads weekly mass and other services, and appears on religious holidays such as Easter. As the term "cousin" has a wide range of familial applications, it isn't strictly necessary for all the various cousins depicted on the show to be first cousins. Tourism is an important factor in the daily life of the Vatican. Considering Jesse's advanced age, it is possible he may have been a great-uncle to Bo, Luke and Daisy, and thus the brother of their grandfather. Citizenship can be achieved by stable residence and by holding an office or job within the city. Many people have tried to decipher the Duke's family tree in an attempt to understand how it is that so many people could be cousins, all with the last name "Duke." The last unofficial word is that Jesse Duke would have had to have come from a family of seven boys, including himself, as he would have had to have six brothers to have produced offspring named "Duke.". Clothes that show the legs above the knees are strictly banned. More than 25,000 fans attended the 2 day event in 2005. Men, and especially women, must adhere to strict dress codes. There are still gatherings of Dukes of Hazzard fans, the largest of which is the Dukesfest organized by Ben Jones (Cooter Davenport) and his wife. Many workers in the Vatican City live outside its walls, including the Swiss Guard and embassy personnel. Members of the cast were frequent visitors to the town's annual Black Gold Festival. A minority are senior Catholic clergy; the remainder are members of religious orders. Although Hazzard County, Georgia was a fictional location (the early episodes of the show were filmed in Covington, Georgia), the real-life town of Hazard, Kentucky was a beneficiary of the show's popularity. The permanent population of the Vatican City is predominately male, although two orders of nuns live in the Vatican. While the return of Bo and Luke was welcomed by hardcore fans, the show never regained its former popularity, and by 1985, The Dukes of Hazzard quietly ended its run. The Vatican Library and the collections of the Vatican Museums are of the highest historical, scientific and cultural importance. Some fans consider this period as "The Scabs of Hazzard". Peter's Basilica and the Sistine Chapel are home to some of the most beautiful art in the world, which includes works by artists such as Botticelli, Bernini and Michelangelo. The "faux Dukes" (one of the more polite ways viewers described the "long-lost nephews" of Uncle Jesse) were never popular with viewers, and were immediately written out the show when Schneider and Wopat reached a settlement and returned to the series in early 1983. Buildings such as St. Two "replacement Dukes" were subsequently hired (Byron Cherry as Coy, Christopher Mayer as Vance), and the ratings immediately sank. The Vatican City is itself of great cultural significance. Then, in the spring of 1982, series stars John Schneider and Tom Wopat walked off the set in a contract dispute over their salaries and merchandising royalties. Due to the very limited territory of the Vatican state, foreign embassies to the Holy See are located in the Italian part of Rome; Italy actually hosts its own Embassy of Italy. The Dukes of Hazzard was consistently among the top-rated television series (at one point, ranking second only to Dallas, which immediately followed the show on CBS' Friday night schedule). However, it is the Holy See that is the legal body that conducts diplomatic relations for the Vatican City in addition to the Holy See's usual diplomacy, entering into international agreements and both receives and sends diplomatic representatives. Each of the Hazzard County Sheriff's Department officers drove various Chrysler "B-body" patrol cars (1976 or 1977 Dodge Monaco, 1977 or 1978 Plymouth Fury). Providing a territorial identity for the Holy See, the State of the Vatican City is a recognized national territory under international law. Deputy Cletus Hogg (Boss Hogg's cousin) was also generally friendly and dim-witted, but he would gladly assist Boss and Rosco in their unprovoked pursuit of the Dukes. Most Italians employed in the Vatican do not have Vatican citizenship. Only after he returned from his stint in Los Angeles did he totally refuse to harass the Dukes without just cause. A separate Vatican City citizenship exists, enabling Vatican officials to travel on Vatican passports, and giving them diplomatic status in countries to which they are accredited. (Jefferson Davis) Hogg, (better known as "Boss" Hogg), is the wealthiest man in Hazzard County, and owns most of its property and businesses — whether directly or by holding the mortgages over the land. German is the official language of the Swiss Guard. J.D. Italian and, to a lesser extent, other languages are generally used for most conversations, publications, and broadcasts. Rosco's loyal companion (pictured) is Flash. There are also about 3,000 lay workers who comprise the majority of the Vatican work force, but who reside outside the Vatican. Rosco Pervis Coltrane is the bumbling sheriff of Hazzard County and right-hand man of its corrupt county administrator, Jefferson Davis "J.D." Hogg ("Boss Hogg"). The Vatican citizenry consists mainly of clergy, including high dignitaries, priests, nuns, as well as the famous Swiss Guard, a volunteer military force. Cooter drove a variety of trucks, usually late-1960s to early-1970s Ford or GMC models. Vatican City has used the Euro as its currency since January 1, 2002. Budget: Revenues (2003) $252 million; expenditures (2003) $264 million. Hogg, thus beginning the "feud" between the Dukes and the Hoggs. There are some local features, principally mists and dews, caused by the anomalous bulk of St Peter's Basilica, the elevation, the fountains and the size of the large paved square. Jesse Duke, in his youth, had been a Ridge-Runner in direct competition with J.D. Its climate is clearly mostly the same as Rome's; a temperate, Mediterranean climate with mild, rainy winters from September to mid-May and hot, dry summers from May to August. Jesse apparently had no children of his own, and happily provided for his nephews and niece in the unexplained absence of all of their parents (The creator of the show states on the DVDs that their parents were killed in a car wreck, but it was never mentioned in the show). It is the smallest sovereign state in the world at 0.44 km² (108.7 acres). Uncle Jesse (portrayed by actor Denver Pyle) was the patriarch of the Duke clan, and the father-figure to all Dukes who stayed with him on the dilapidated "Duke Farm". Peter's Basilica, where the correct border is just outside the ellipse formed by Bernini's colonnade. Daisy also has the distinction of having her trademark provocatively high-cut jean short shorts named after her: "Daisy Dukes". The Vatican City, one of the European microstates, is situated on the Vatican Hill in the north-western part of Rome, several hundred metres west of the Tiber river, on the latter's right bank. Sheriff Rosco also found himself in trouble more than once. It is published by Catholic laymen but carries official information. Other times, criminals who were even more crooked and ruthless than Boss came to town. L'Osservatore Romano is the semi-official newspaper, published daily in Italian, and weekly in English, Spanish, Portuguese, German, and French (plus a monthly edition in Polish). More than once, however, Boss was targeted by former associates who were either seeking revenge or turned against him after a scheme unraveled due to Boss' greedy nature or Rosco's bumbling. Radio Vatican, the official radio station, is one of the most influential in Europe. It was up to Bo and Luke to uncover the schemes and foil the criminals. The Vatican also issues its own coins and stamps and controls its own Internet domain (.va). Other times, Boss hired known criminals to frame Bo and Luke for crimes such as bank robbery (thus, resulting in probation revocation and allowing Boss to easily acquire the Duke farm). Vatican City has its own post office, commissary (supermarket), bank (the automatic teller machines are the only ones in the world to use Latin), railway station, electricity generating plant, and publishing house. Some of them were "get-rich schemes", though many others affected the financial security of the Duke farm (property which Boss long wanted to acquire for various reasons). The legal system is based on canon, or ecclesiastical, law; if canon law is not applicable, special laws of the territory apply, often modelled on Italian provisions. Many episodes revolved around Boss trying to engage in an illegal scheme with criminal associates. The judicial functions are handled by three tribunals — the Apostolic Signatura, the Sacra Rota Romana, and the Apostolic Penitentiary, which are also the judicial arm of the Holy See (see below). Bo and Luke had been sentenced to probation for illegal transportation of moonshine. Members are cardinals appointed by the pope for terms of five years. Coltrane. Legislative power is vested in the Pontifical Commission for Vatican City State, led by a President. The TV series, The Dukes of Hazzard, followed the adventures of two good ol' boys, Bo and Luke Duke, living in an unincorporated area of the fictional Hazzard County, Georgia racing around in their souped-up 1969 Dodge Charger, The General Lee, evading corrupt Boss Hogg and his inept county sheriff Rosco P. They are not really an army of the Vatican City State so much as a police force and the personal bodyguard of the Pope. Many characters, including "Uncle Jesse", "Sheriff Cole" (in the series to become "Coltrane"), and "Cooter" are also featured in the film. The Vatican City maintains a modern security corps, the famous Swiss Guards, a voluntary military force drawn from male Swiss citizens. The last name of the protagonists in the film became the last name of the main antagonist in the TV series. The Governor of Vatican City, sometime known as the President of Vatican City, has duties similar to those of a mayor or city executive, concentrating on material questions concerning the state's territory, including local security, but excluding external relations. Uncle Jesse prides himself on his old-fashioned moonshining and refuses to buckle to the 'big business moonshine' tactics of boss Jake, who controls the area for the New York mafia. All decisions of these commissions must be approved by the College of Cardinals. In Moonrunners, the "Good Ol' Boys", Grady and Bobby Lee Hagg (pronounced "hogg"), run moonshine for Uncle Jesse Hagg. During a sede vacante (papal vacancy), the Chamberlain of the Holy Roman Church, former Secretary of State, and former President of the Pontifical Commission form a commission that performs some of the functions of the head of state; while another made up of the Chamberlain and three cardinals (one being chosen by lot every three days from each order of cardinals), performs other functions of the head of state. The show was loosely based on the movie "Moonrunners" (1975), based on the life and times of Jerry Rushing. These, like all other officials, are appointed by the Pope and can be dismissed by him at any time. . As noted, the principal figures are the Secretary of State, the President of the Pontifical Commission for the Vatican City State, and the Governor of Vatican City. The cathedra (official seat) of the Bishop of Rome, the Pope, is in the Lateran basilica, Rome's cathedral. "Weird Al" Yankovic: In his song "eBay" he mentions buying a Dukes of Hazzard ashtray. This situation was resolved on February 11, 1929 under the premiership of Mussolini by the three Lateran treaties, which established the independent State of the Vatican City and granted Catholicism special status in Italy. Three Wishes: In the episode taped in Covington, Georgia, Amy Grant opened the show driving the General Lee. During this period it became fashionable to speak of the Pope as a "prisoner". A kid plays the machine and pulls out Peter's watch, and says, "What's the Dukes of Hazzard?" Peter tries to steal the watch back from the kid while the screen freezes while Waylon Jennings says a line in a Dukes of Hazzard-esque style. Other states maintained international recognition of the Holy See as a sovereign entity, and in practice Italy made no attempt to interfere with the Holy See. Also, in the episode, "Chitty Chitty Death Bang", Peter and Chris go to Cheesy Charlie's, and Peter has a watch with him while he tries to insert his hand into a prize grabber machine in order to cheat, and takes his arm out quickly when Chris appears. The popes were left between 1870 and 1929 in a situation somewhat like that of the last emperor of China, undisturbed in their palace, but with no official status recognized by the Italian State. However, Brian knocks himself out cold as Peter has left the window closed. In 1870, the Pope's holdings were left in an uncertain situation when Rome itself was annexed by the Piedmontese after a nominal resistance of the papal forces. A particularly memmorable scene depicts Brian Griffin running to jump through the window. For much of this time the Vatican was not the habitual residence of the Popes, but rather the Lateran Palace, and in recent centuries, the Quirinal Palace, while the residence from 1309-1377 was at Avignon in France. "The Duke Boys would be proud" as Peter and Brian convert their station wagon into The General Lee, and always drive the car off a ramp whenever they see one to recreate the Dukes of Hazzard. Popes in their secular role gradually came to govern neighbouring regions and, through the Papal States, ruled a large portion of the Italian peninsula for more than a thousand years until the mid 19th century, when most of the territory of the Papal States was seized by the newly created Kingdom of Italy. They relocate to one of the southern states and live in a run down house. In 326 the first church, Constantine's basilica, was built over the site of the tomb of Saint Peter, who was buried in a common cemetery on the spot, and from then on the area started to become more populated, but mostly only by dwelling houses connected with the activity of St Peter's. Family Guy: In the episode, "To Live and Die in Dixie", a thug is after Chris, and Peter's family has to move south from Rhode Island. It is supposed that this originally uninhabited part of Rome (the ager vaticanus) had always been considered sacred, or at least not available for habitation, even before the arrival of Christianity. In a final tip of the hat to The Dukes of Hazzard, Jonathan Kent takes the wheel of the Dodge Charger, Jake Jennings climbs into the passenger window (because the door is stuck), and the pair tear off the farm where thereafter a few shots of short car jumps over the camera, à la Dukes of Hazzard, ensue. Sodano and Szoka served in their respective roles under Pope John Paul II and were then reappointed to those same roles by his successor. Later in the episode, Lex Luthor refers to Jake Jennings as a "good ol' boy" in a conversation with Jonathan Kent. Edmund Cardinal Szoka serves as both the President of the Pontifical Commission and Governor, born an American of Polish descent. During the episode Jake tells a story of how Jonathan once outran the cops in Chickasaw County, which neighbors fictional Hazzard County in the Dukes of Hazzard. Angelo Cardinal Sodano of Italy is the Secretary of State. Smallville (TV series): In episode 5-06, "Exposed," Jake Jennings (Tom Wopat), Jonathan Kent (John Schneider)'s oldest friend, rolls onto the Kent farm in a blue Dodge Charger with a General Lee roll bar and the signature General Lee 10-spoke vector wheels. The current pope is Benedict XVI, born Joseph Ratzinger in Germany. Season 5 was released on Region 1 DVD on December 13, 2005. His principal subordinate government officials are the Secretary of State, the President of the Pontifical Commission for Vatican City State, and the Governor of Vatican City. Season 4 was released on Region 1 DVD on August 2, 2005. The sovereign is elected for a life term in conclave by cardinals under the age of 80. Season 3 was released on Region 1 DVD on May 31, 2005, and will be released on Region 2 DVD on November 21, 2005. This is a non-hereditary elective monarchy with a sovereign who exercises absolute authority, that is to say supreme legislative, executive and judicial power not only over Vatican City State but also constituting the Holy See. Season 2 was released on Region 1 DVD on January 25, 2005, and on Region 2 DVD on September 26, 2005. The Head of State is the Pope, who as the supreme executive, legislative, and judicial authority is also the Head of Government. Season 1 was released on Region 1 DVD in 2004, and on Region 2 DVD on August 15, 2005. Peter's Square is ordinarily policed jointly by both. Interspersed with recollections of Bo, Luke, and Daisy, the play takes a deep look at southern "Good Ole Boy" culture and its popularization through the lens of American mass media. St. The story centers on a young widowed mother and a visit she receives from a big city television producer. Castelgandolfo and the named basilicas are patrolled internally by police agents of the Vatican City State and not by Italian police. In 2005, the Humana Festival of New American Plays premiered a full-length comedy-drama entitled Hazzard County by Allison Moore. Mary Major and of St Paul Outside the Walls, and a number of other buildings in Rome. The Dukes of Hazzard: Return of the General Lee (2004). These include the papal summer residence of Castelgandolfo in the nearby hills, the Lateran Basilica, the basilicas of St. The Dukes of Hazzard 2: Daisy Dukes It Out (2000). Although technically not included within the territory of the Vatican City State, according to the Lateran Treaties, certain properties of the Holy See, although not being part of the territory of the City State, have an extraterritorial status similar to that of foreign embassies. The Dukes of Hazzard: Racing for Home (1999). Peter's Square, which it was not possible to isolate from the rest of Rome and therefore a largely imaginary border with Italy runs along the outer limit of the square where it touches on Piazza Pio XII and Via Paolo VI. The Dukes of Hazzard (unreleased Atari 2600 prototype). The territory included St. Four video games based on the show were created:
It was thus an outcrop of the city and was protected by being included in a loop of the city wall. Brother 7 - Jesse Duke. The area was never fully incorporated into the urban conglomeration of Rome until the last century, being separated from the city by the river Tiber. He rides into Hazzard on a motocross bike]. Peter's Basilica, the residence of the popes called the Apostolic Palace, with its Sistine Chapel, and museums were built, along with various other buildings. Original airdate: 13 February 1981). It is part of the Mons Vaticanus, and of the adjacent former Vatican Fields upon which St. Brother 6 - Jeb Stuart's father [Jeb Stuart Duke appeared in the episode "Along Came a Duke" (Episode 17, Season 3. The placename is ancient and predates Christianity, coming from the Latin Mons Vaticanus, Vatican Hill. Brother 5 - Vance's father. . Brother 4 - Coy's father. Thus, although the principal ecclesiastical seat of the Holy See (Saint John Lateran) is located in Rome itself, the Vatican City can be said to be the governmental capital of the Roman Catholic Church of both East and West. Brother 3 - Daisy's father. It is the sovereign territory of the Holy See and the location of the Apostolic Palace—the Pope's official residence—and the Roman Curia. Brother 2 - Bo's father. It is the smallest independent nation state in the world in terms of area and population (that is, if that of the Knights of Malta is not counted as a country). He is the long lost younger brother of Luke Duke, thought killed in a hospital fire as an infant]. Since it is governed by the Bishop of Rome (aka the Pope), its government can be described as ecclesiastical and the highest state functionaries are in fact clergymen. Original airdate: 14 October 1983). The entire country is about 0.2 square miles. Brother 1 - Luke and Jud Kane's father [Jud Kane appeared the episode "Brotherly Love" (Episode 4, Season 6. Vatican City — formally State of the Vatican City, or Vatican City State (Italian: Stato della Città del Vaticano, Latin: Status Civitatis Vaticanae) — is a tiny sovereign state whose territory consists of a landlocked enclave within the city of Rome, Italy. He wore a black suit and drove a black Cadillac convertible in direct contrast of his brother, J.D., who always wore white and drove a white Cadillac convertible. Played by Sorrell Booke in a dual-role. Abraham Lincoln Hogg, Boss Hogg's identical twin (and good) brother. Mary Kaye. "Little Cousin", an alien from outer space, portrayed by actor Felix Silla. Hazel. Doc Appleby (Parley Baer), Hazzard County's most prolific physician. Emery Potter, an employee of the Hazzard County Bank who was a friend of the Dukes. Drove a white VW Beetle with bull horns on the "hood" similar to Boss Hogg's Caddy. Hughie Hogg (Jeff Altman) Boss Hogg's evil nephew. Sheriff Little was also constantly frustrated by the bumbling performance of Boss and Rosco, although he thought highly of Enos. The ill-tempered sheriff hated Bo and Luke immensely, and they were well aware that they were not allowed to enter his county. Sheriff "Big Ed" Little (Don Pedro Colley), the chief law enforcement officer for neighboring Chickasaw County who had a tendency to rip doors off of cars. Miz (Emma) Tisdale (Nedra Volz), the elderly postmistress of the Hazzard Post Office; she had a huge crush on Uncle Jesse. Lulu constantly challenged her husband for authority and rallied for equality for women in Hazzard. Lulu Coltrane Hogg (Peggy Rea), Boss Hogg's wife, and Rosco's "fat sister". Flash, the Basset Hound - dog and Rosco's loyal companion. Vance Duke (Christopher Mayer 1982 to 1983 Season). Coy Duke (Byron Cherry 1982 To 1983 Season). The upper left corner of the "1" in the "01" different, making for a continuity error.). Twenty still exist in various states of repair. (Through the history of the show, an estimated 229 General Lees were used. The windows were always open, as the doors were welded shut; and the car has the number "01" on both sides. Lee (During the Civil War, General Lee had a horse named Charger, another connection to the show's car). The name refers to the American Civil War Confederate General Robert E. It was orange with a Confederate battle flag painted on the roof, and the words "GENERAL LEE" over each door. The General Lee, a souped-up 1969 Dodge Charger. The Balladeer (Waylon Jennings). Cooter Davenport (Ben Jones). Hazzard County Deputy Sheriff Cletus Hogg (Rick Hurst 1980-1983 Seasons). Hazzard County Deputy Sheriff Enos Strate (Sonny Shroyer 1979 to 1980 & 1982 to 1985 Seasons). Coltrane (James Best). Hazzard County Sheriff Rosco P. Lulu Coltrane Hogg (Peggy Rea). Jefferson Davis 'Boss' Hogg (Sorrell Booke). Uncle Jesse Duke (Denver Pyle). Daisy Duke (Catherine Bach). Wopat's latest. Luke Duke (Tom Wopat 1979 to 1981 & 1983 to 1985 Seasons). Bo Duke (John Schneider 1979 to 1981 & 1983 to 1985 Seasons). |