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The Texas Chain Saw Massacre

The Texas Chain Saw Massacre is a low-budget horror film classic made in 1974 by director Tobe Hooper. It concerns a family of cannibals in Texas, who abduct customers from their gas station. One of the main characters — Leatherface — is one of the most well known villains in horror cinema; noticeable for his mask of human skin and his wielding of a chainsaw.

Overview

It is often considered the prototype of the slasher film sub-genre. Despite its grisly subject matter, the film — like John Carpenter's original Halloween — does not rely so much on explicit gore to generate terror in the audience, as it does pacing, suspense, and dramatic tension. The many sequels and imitators the original film spawned have been much bloodier and more graphic.

The film was banned in the United Kingdom (1974-1999, but was subsequently issued on video and DVD), France (1974-1984), Germany, India, and Romania.

The official title of the original film spells 'Chain Saw' with two words (contrary to some posters and DVD covers), while the sequels and the remake use the compound 'Chainsaw'.

Spoiler warning: Plot and/or ending details follow.

Plot

Original (1974)

Upon hearing that vandals have desecrated a graveyard where her grandfather is buried, Sally recruits her boyfriend Jerry, her brother Franklyn, and her friends Pam and Kirk to investigate. On a side trip to the grandfather's deserted farm, the travellers pick up a slimy hitchhiker who cuts himself intentionally and slashes Franklyn with a razor. After arriving at the farm, Pam and Kirk search for an old swimming hole — Kirk hears a generator and believes he can find some gasoline. He enters the house hoping to find the owner. Unfortunately, this is the home of the hitchhiker, as well as his brother, "Leatherface," who has some surprises for the travellers consisting of sledgehammers, chainsaws, and assorted cutlery.

Remake (2003)

In 1973, a group of college kids are headed to Dallas through the back roads of Texas. On the way, they encounter a young hitchhiker who shoots herself with a revolver. The kids contact the sheriff, who takes a long time to come down to meet them. Two of them wander to a large homestead, which they discover is inhabited by a family of psychopaths who support the grisly and abusive practices of their son.

Connection to actual events

Contrary to popular belief, the film does not depict factual events, but instead was (like the films Psycho and The Silence of the Lambs) loosely inspired by Ed Gein, who, while he did wear human skin, acted alone and did not use a chainsaw. Those who do believe the film was based on actual events will try to back up their statements with similar events in Texas, all of which had nothing to do with the film. Although the film's opening would have one believe that the events are factual, it was merely a scare tactic, called the false document technique, to frighten the audience. (The opening voice-over is performed by John Larroquette.)

Cultural references

  • The movie Motel Hell (1980) is a parody of this film and other 1970's slashers.
  • The movie Summer School featured two students who were fascinated with this film, and whose fascination was central to the story's climax.
  • White Zombie reference the film's tagline "Who will survive and what will be left of them?" on their album Astro Creep: 2000.
  • Murder by Death has an album titled "Who will survive and what will be left of them?".
  • The Ramones have a song referencing this film, "Chain Saw".
  • US death metal band Mortician have made several songs about the movie, including "Chainsaw Dismemberment" and "Hacked up for Barbecue". They also used samples from the movie in these songs.
  • In the film American Psycho, yuppie serial killer Patrick Bateman works out while the original 1973 film plays in the background.

Additional films

The film had three sequels:

  • The Texas Chainsaw Massacre Part 2 (1986)
  • Leatherface: Texas Chainsaw Massacre III (1991)
  • Texas Chainsaw Massacre: The Next Generation (1995)

A remake:

  • The Texas Chainsaw Massacre (2003 film)

A prequel to the remake:

  • The Texas Chainsaw Massacre: The Beginning (2006)

Trivia (Taken from the original 1974 DVD commentary)

  • In the original Texas Chainsaw Massacre DVD release, the commentary (with Gunnar Hansen and director Tobe Hooper) mentioned that the actor who played Franklin actually annoyed Marylin Burns, and the two actors disliked each other during the filming.
  • The creators wanted to make Leatherface talk, but Gunnar Hansen declined, thinking it would make him seem too human. Leatherface was intended to be a subhuman character who only spoke in gibberish. To prepare for this role, Hansen did research at a mental institution.
  • The dead armadillos in the opening scene and the nest of Daddy long legs in the abandoned house were found by chance when searching for a location.
  • The original Texas Chain Saw Massacre was banned in Sweden and several other countries.
  • On the DVD commentary Hopper states the skeletons in Leatherface's house were real human skeletons purchased from India. These bones were piled and burnt by a stagehand at the end of filming.
  • The narrator at the beginning of the film is John Larroquette, famous for playing the Night Court character Dan Fielding.

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A prequel to the remake:. Also see September 11 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics). A remake:. . The film had three sequels:.
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Although the film's opening would have one believe that the events are factual, it was merely a scare tactic, called the false document technique, to frighten the audience. There are 111 days remaining. Those who do believe the film was based on actual events will try to back up their statements with similar events in Texas, all of which had nothing to do with the film. September 11 is the 254th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (255th in leap years). Contrary to popular belief, the film does not depict factual events, but instead was (like the films Psycho and The Silence of the Lambs) loosely inspired by Ed Gein, who, while he did wear human skin, acted alone and did not use a chainsaw. Feast day of Saint Deiniol. Two of them wander to a large homestead, which they discover is inhabited by a family of psychopaths who support the grisly and abusive practices of their son. Proclaimed 9-1-1 Emergency Number Day by President Reagan on August 26 in 1987 and celebrated since then by some United States communities, particularly the local emergency services.

The kids contact the sheriff, who takes a long time to come down to meet them. Death anniversary of Muhammad Ali Jinnah, founder of Pakistan. On the way, they encounter a young hitchhiker who shoots herself with a revolver. Sarmiento. In 1973, a group of college kids are headed to Dallas through the back roads of Texas. Latin America Teacher's Day, after the death of Argentine Domingo F. Unfortunately, this is the home of the hitchhiker, as well as his brother, "Leatherface," who has some surprises for the travellers consisting of sledgehammers, chainsaws, and assorted cutlery. Patriot Day (USA) - Anniversary of the September 11 attacks.

He enters the house hoping to find the owner. Catalonia (Spain) - National Day. After arriving at the farm, Pam and Kirk search for an old swimming hole — Kirk hears a generator and believes he can find some gasoline. New Year's Day in the Ethiopian calendar (Enkutatash). On a side trip to the grandfather's deserted farm, the travellers pick up a slimy hitchhiker who cuts himself intentionally and slashes Franklyn with a razor. Coptic Orthodox Church - Feast of Neyrouz, the New Year's Day in the Coptic calendar. Upon hearing that vandals have desecrated a graveyard where her grandfather is buried, Sally recruits her boyfriend Jerry, her brother Franklyn, and her friends Pam and Kirk to investigate. RC Saints - Virgin of the Holy cave; Saint Deiniol, Our Lady of Coromoto, Protus & Hyacynthus.

The official title of the original film spells 'Chain Saw' with two words (contrary to some posters and DVD covers), while the sequels and the remake use the compound 'Chainsaw'. 1923). The film was banned in the United Kingdom (1974-1999, but was subsequently issued on video and DVD), France (1974-1984), Germany, India, and Romania. 2005 - Chris Schenkel, American sportscaster (b. The many sequels and imitators the original film spawned have been much bloodier and more graphic. 1939). Despite its grisly subject matter, the film — like John Carpenter's original Halloween — does not rely so much on explicit gore to generate terror in the audience, as it does pacing, suspense, and dramatic tension. artist (emphysema) (b.

It is often considered the prototype of the slasher film sub-genre. 2004 - David Mann, U.S. . 1933). One of the main characters — Leatherface — is one of the most well known villains in horror cinema; noticeable for his mask of human skin and his wielding of a chainsaw. 2004 - Fred Ebb, American lyricist (b. It concerns a family of cannibals in Texas, who abduct customers from their gas station. 1949).

The Texas Chain Saw Massacre is a low-budget horror film classic made in 1974 by director Tobe Hooper. 2004 - Patriarch Peter VII of Alexandria (helicopter crash) (b. The narrator at the beginning of the film is John Larroquette, famous for playing the Night Court character Dan Fielding. 1948). These bones were piled and burnt by a stagehand at the end of filming. 2003 - John Ritter, American actor (b. On the DVD commentary Hopper states the skeletons in Leatherface's house were real human skeletons purchased from India. 1957).

The original Texas Chain Saw Massacre was banned in Sweden and several other countries. 2003 - Anna Lindh, Swedish Minister for Foreign Affairs (assassinated) (b. The dead armadillos in the opening scene and the nest of Daddy long legs in the abandoned house were found by chance when searching for a location. 1933). To prepare for this role, Hansen did research at a mental institution. 2002 - Johnny Unitas, American football player (b. Leatherface was intended to be a subhuman character who only spoke in gibberish. 1922).

The creators wanted to make Leatherface talk, but Gunnar Hansen declined, thinking it would make him seem too human. 2002 - Kim Hunter, American actress (b. In the original Texas Chainsaw Massacre DVD release, the commentary (with Gunnar Hansen and director Tobe Hooper) mentioned that the actor who played Franklin actually annoyed Marylin Burns, and the two actors disliked each other during the filming. 1955). The Texas Chainsaw Massacre: The Beginning (2006). 2001 - Barbara Olson, American political commentator (9/11 attacks) (b. The Texas Chainsaw Massacre (2003 film). 1966).

Texas Chainsaw Massacre: The Next Generation (1995). Juarbe, Jr., American firefighter, winner of Murder in Small Town X (9/11 attacks) (b. Leatherface: Texas Chainsaw Massacre III (1991). 2001 - Angel L. The Texas Chainsaw Massacre Part 2 (1986). 1968). In the film American Psycho, yuppie serial killer Patrick Bateman works out while the original 1973 film plays in the background. 2001 - Todd Beamer, passenger on United Airlines Flight 93 (9/11 attacks) (b.

They also used samples from the movie in these songs. 1968). US death metal band Mortician have made several songs about the movie, including "Chainsaw Dismemberment" and "Hacked up for Barbecue". 2001 - Muhammad Atta, Egyptian terrorist (9/11 attacks) (b. The Ramones have a song referencing this film, "Chain Saw". 1946). Murder by Death has an album titled "Who will survive and what will be left of them?". 2001 - David Angell, American sitcom creator (9/11 attacks) (b.

White Zombie reference the film's tagline "Who will survive and what will be left of them?" on their album Astro Creep: 2000. 1972). The movie Summer School featured two students who were fascinated with this film, and whose fascination was central to the story's climax. 1999 - Gonzalo Rodriguez, Uruguayan auto racing driver (b. The movie Motel Hell (1980) is a parody of this film and other 1970's slashers. 1913). 1998 - Dane Clark, American actor (b.

1995 - Anita Harding, neurologist. 1924). 1994 - William Obanhein, police officer, mentioned in "Alice's Restaurant" (b. 1909).

1994 - Jessica Tandy, American actress (b. 1912). 1993 - Erich Leinsdorf, Austrian conductor (b. 1949).

1990 - Myrna Mack, Guatemalan anthropologist (assassinated) (b. 1919). 1988 - John Sylvester White, American actor (b. 1944).

1987 - Peter Tosh, Jamaican musician and singer (b. 1915). 1987 - Lorne Greene, Canadian actor (b. 1905).

1985 - William Alwyn, English composer (b. 1901). 1984 - Jerry Voorhis, American politician (b. 1978 - Janet Parker, medical photographer, the final victim of smallpox.

1929). 1978 - Georgi Markov, Bulgarian dissident (assassinated) (b. 1908). 1973 - Salvador Allende, President of Chile (presumed suicide) (b.

1883). 1972 - Max Fleischer, American animator (b. 1894). 1971 - Nikita Sergeevich Khrushchev, Soviet politician and leader (b.

Woolman, American airline magnate. E. 1966 - C. Service, Scottish-born Canadian poet.

1958 - Robert W. 1956 - Billy Bishop, Canadian pilot in World War I. 1950 - Jan Smuts, South African soldier and statesman. 1948 - Muhammad Ali Jinnah, founder of Pakistan.

1932 - Franciszek Żwirko and Stanisław Wigura, Polish pilots (plane crash). 1931 - Salvatore Maranzano, crime boss. 1882). 1921 - Subramanya Bharathy, Tamil poet (b.

1888 - Domingo Faustino Sarmiento, President of Argentina. 1851 - Sylvester Graham, American nutritionist. 1843 - Joseph Nicollet, mathematician and explorer. 1823 - David Ricardo, economist.

1704). 1760 - Louis Godin, French astronomer (b. 1665). 1721 - Rudolf Jakob Camerarius, German botanist and physician (b.

1596). 1680 - Emperor Go-Mizunoo of Japan (b. 1621). 1680 - Roger Crab, English Puritan political writer (b.

1611). 1677 - James Harrington, English politicial philosopher (b. 1577). 1599 - Beatrice Cenci, Italian noblewoman executed for conspiring to kill her father (b.

1315). 1349 - Bonne of Luxembourg, queen of John II of France (b. 1269). 1298 - Philip of Artois, French soldier (b.

1279 - Robert Kilwardby, Archbishop of Canterbury. 1105). 1161 - Queen Melisende of Jerusalem (b. 1999).

1981 - Dylan Klebold, American mass murderer (d. 1978 - Ed Reed, American football player. 1977 - Matthew Stevens, Welsh snooker player. 1977 - Ludacris, American rapper.

1976 - Elephant Man, Jamaican musician. 1971 - Richard Ashcroft, British singer. 1968 - Kay Hanley, American musician. 1967 - Harry Connick, Jr., American singer.

1967 - Maria Bartiromo, Financial Broadcast Journalist. 1965 - David Roe, English snooker player. 1965 - Moby, American musician. 1965 - Paul Heyman, American professional wrestling promoter, manager, and writer.

1965 - Bashar al-Assad, The current President of Syria. 1964 - Victor Wooten, American musician. 1964 - Roxann Dawson, American actress. 1964 - Ellis Burks, baseball player.

1963 - Virginia Madsen, American actress. 1962 - Kristy McNichol, American actress. 1962 - Filip Dewinter Belgian politician. 1962 - Elizabeth Daily, American actress.

1957 - Brad Bird, American animator. 1950 - Barry Sheene, British motorcyclist. 1948 - John Martyn, English musician. 1945 - Felton Perry, American actor.

1945 - Franz Beckenbauer, German footballer. 1944 - Everaldo, Brazilian football player. 1943 - Raymond Villeneuve, Canadian terrorist. 1943 - Mickey Hart, American drummer (Grateful Dead).

1942 - Lola Falana, American singer. Solicitor General. 1940 - Theodore Olson, U.S. 1940 - Brian de Palma, American film director.

1939 - Charles Geschke, American inventor and businessman. 2000). 1935 - Gherman Titov, cosmonaut (d. 1935 - Arvo Pärt, Estonian composer.

2002). Pierce, American author and activist (d. William L. 1933 - Dr.

2002). 1927 - Vernon Corea, Sri Lankan broadcaster (d. 1996). David Schine, American businessman (d.

1927 - G. 2000). 1924 - Tom Landry, American football coach (d. 1923 - Dharmsamrat Paramhans Swami Madhavananda, Hindu guru.

1996). 1917 - Jessica Mitford, British writer (d. 1989). 1917 - Ferdinand Marcos, President of the Philippines (d.

1983). 1913 - Paul "Bear" Bryant, American football coach (d. 1969). 1903 - Theodor Adorno, German sociologist (d.

2000). 1899 - Jimmie Davis, composer (d. 1930). Lawrence, English novelist (d.

1885 - D.H. 1929). 1865 - Rainis, Latvian poet and playwright (d. 1910).

Henry, American writer (d. 1862 - O. 1918). 1838 - John Ireland, American Catholic archbishop (d.

1870). 1836 - Fitz Hugh Ludlow, American author (d. 1904). 1825 - Eduard Hanslick, German music critic (d.

1888). 1816 - Carl Zeiss, German lens maker (d. 1895). 1798 - Franz Ernst Neumann, German mineralogist and physicist (d.

1790). 1723 - Johann Bernhard Basedow, German educational reformer (d. 1779). 1711 - William Boyce, English composer (d.

1748). 1700 - James Thomson, Scottish poet (d. 1741). 1681 - Johann Gottlieb Heineccius, German jurist (d.

1675). 1611 - Henri de la Tour d'Auvergne, Vicomte de Turenne, Marshal of France (d. 1585). 1524 - Pierre de Ronsard, French poet (d.

1605). 1522 - Ulisse Aldrovandi, Italian naturalist (d. 1204). 1182 - Minamoto no Yoriie, Japanese shogun (d.

2005 - The State of Israel officially declares an end to military rule in the Gaza Strip after 38 years of occupation. 2004 - Petros VII, the (Greek Orthodox) Patriarch of Alexandria and his company are killed in an unexplained helicopter crash outside Mount Athos, Greece. 2003 - Swedish foreign minister Anna Lindh dies after being assaulted and fatally wounded on September 10. In total, almost 3,000 are killed.

2001 - The September 11 attacks destroy the World Trade Center in New York City, part of The Pentagon in Arlington, Virginia, and down a passenger airliner in Pennsylvania. See S11. 2000 - Activists protest against the World Economic Forum meeting in Melbourne, Australia. 1999 - Tennis: Serena Williams, 2 weeks short of her 18th birthday, wins her first Grand Slam tournament when she became US Open champion, becoming the first African American woman to win a Grand Slam tournament since Althea Gibson in 1958.

Congress accusing President Bill Clinton of 11 possible impeachable offenses. 1998 - Independent counsel Kenneth Starr sends a report to the U.S. 1997 - Scotland votes to re-establish its own Parliament on the 700th anniversary of the Battle of Stirling Bridge, after 290 years of union with England. 1996 - Union Pacific Railroad purchases Southern Pacific Railroad.

1992 - Hurricane Iniki, one of the most damaging hurricane in United States history during its time, devastates the State of Hawai'i, especially the islands of Kaua'i and Oahu. Bush delivers a nationally televised speech in which he threatens the use of force to remove Iraqi soldiers from Kuwait, which Iraq had recently invaded. W. 1990 - President George H.

From Hungary thousands of East Germans throng to Austria and West Germany. 1989 - The iron curtain opens between the communist Hungary and Austria. 1987 - Reggae musician Peter Tosh is murdered in his own home in Kingston. 1987 - CBS Evening News anchor Dan Rather, angry over being preempted for a tennis match, marches off the set, leaving affiliates with six minutes of an empty news desk.

1987 - 9-1-1 Emergency Number Day. 1985 - Baseball: Pete Rose gets his 4,192nd career base hit, breaking Ty Cobb's record which stood for over 60 years. 1981 - The Pee-wee Herman Show airs as a special on HBO. 1973 - A military coup in Chile headed by General Augusto Pinochet topples the democratically elected President Salvador Allende.

1972 - Bay Area Rapid Transit (BART) in America begins regular service. 1971 - The Egyptian Constitution becomes official. 1970 - The Ford Pinto is introduced. 1965 - The 1st Cavalry Division of the United States Army arrives in Vietnam.

1962 - The Beatles record their debut single, Love Me Do. 1961 - Formation of the World Wildlife Fund. promulgates the Sharon Statement. Buckley, Jr.

1960 - Young Americans for Freedom meeting at home of William F. 1955 - Dedication of the first Temple of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints in Europe, the Bern Switzerland Temple. 1948 - Henri Queuille becomes Prime Minister of France. 1944 - World War II: the first allied troops of the US Army cross the western border of Nazi Germany.

1943 - World War II: start of the liquidation of the Ghettos in Minsk and Lida by the Nazis. 1943 - World War II: German troops occupy Corsica and Kosovo-Metohija. 1941 - World War II: US Navy ordered to attack German U-boats. 1941 - Ground broken for the construction of The Pentagon.

1940 - George Stibitz pioneers the first remote operation of a computer. 1932 - Franciszek Żwirko and Stanisław Wigura, Polish Challenge 1932 winners, killed in a plane crash as their RWD 6 crashed into the ground during a storm. 1931 - Salvatore Maranzano is murdered by Charles Luciano's hitmen. 1926 - An assassination attempt on Benito Mussolini fails.

1922 - One of the Herald Sun of Melbourne, Australia's predecessor papers The Sun News-Pictorial is founded. 1922 - The British Mandate of Palestine begins. 1921 - Motion picture star Fatty Arbuckle is arrested for rape. 1919 - US Marines invade Honduras.

1918 - Baseball: The Boston Red Sox won the World Series; they would do so again on October 27, 2004 after 86 years. The bridge initially collapsed on August 29, 1907. 1916 - The Quebec Bridge collapses for a second time, killing 11 men. 1914 - Australia invades New Britain, defeating a German contingent there.

1911 - Middle Tennessee State University is founded in Murfreesboro, Tennessee, as Middle Tennessee Normal School. 1897 - After months of pursuit, generals of Menelik II of Ethiopia capture Gaki Sherocho, the last king of Kaffa, bringing an end to that ancient kingdom. 1893 - First World Parliament of Religions conference held. 1888 - Death of the Argentine politician Domingo Sarmiento, after whom the Latin American Teacher's Day was chosen.

1869 - Work completed on the Wallace Monument. 1857 - The Mountain Meadows Massacre: Mormon settlers and Paiutes massacre 120 pioneers at Mountain Meadows, Utah. 1847 - Stephen Foster's most memorable song, Oh! Susanna, is first performed at a saloon in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. 1814 - The Battle of Plattsburgh.

1789 - Alexander Hamilton is appointed as first Secretary of the Treasury. 1786 - The Beginning of the Annapolis Convention. 1777 - Battle of Brandywine - Major American Revolutionary war victory for British in Chester County, Pennsylvania. 1776 - British-American peace conference on Staten Island fails to stop nascent American Revolution.

1714 - Barcelona surrenders to Spanish and French Bourbonic armies in the War of the Spanish Succession. 1709 - Battle of Malplaquet: Great Britain, Netherlands and Austria fight against France. 1649 - Siege of Drogheda ends: Oliver Cromwell's English Parliamentarian troops take the town and massacre its garrison. 1690 - Expulsion order announced against the Moriscos of Valencia; beginning of the expulsion of all Spain's Moriscos.

1609 - Henry Hudson lands on Manhattan island. 1541 - Santiago, Chile, is destroyed by indigenous warriors. 1297 - Battle of Stirling Bridge: Scots led by William Wallace defeat the English. 1226 - The Catholic practice of Perpetual adoration begins.