Super 14

Wins by Country (Runners-up in brackets). Commanders report to the superintendent of police who in turn is subject to the authority of the mayor of Chicago. Total wins (Runners-up in brackets). Each commander oversees a network of administrative and operational departments that include patrol officers, detective forces, and other investigative units. Final Results. There are twenty-five police districts, each led by a commander. For more information see Super 12 Champions. By comparison, Los Angeles, the nation's second largest city, has just over 9,000 sworn officers covering 469 square miles.

The 2005 Super 12 Trophy was taken back by the Crusaders, who defeated the NSW Waratahs 35-25. It is the largest police department in the Midwest and the second largest in the nation (with 13,619 sworn officers and 2,625 other employees covering 234 square miles as of 2003), and one of the oldest organized police forces in the world. The 2004 Super 12 Trophy was taken by the ACT Brumbies, who defeated the Crusaders 47-38 in the final. The Chicago Police Department, also known as the CPD, is the principal law enforcement agency of Chicago, under the jurisdiction of the mayor. The South African region that is not participating in the Super 14 is also guaranteed regular competition with the other five South Africa regions. Congress, most elections are won by Democrats, such as the landslide win of Barack Obama in 2004. The Spears, as well as the relegated region from 2007, will play in a series against the national teams of Argentina, Fiji, Samoa and Tonga. In partisan elections, such as for the State Legislature and U.S.

There will be a similar test match in following years, with the Spears subject to possible relegation starting at the end of the 2008 season. The issue was controversial especially in Illinois, since the state is arguably the most varied in terms of liberal urban areas vs conservative rural areas. After the 2007 season, the lowest-finishing South African team in that year's Super 14 table, other than the Spears, will play a promotion/relegation test match against the team that was relegated in 2006. Daley rejected a proposal to legalize same-sex marriage in the city. The Spears are also guaranteed a place in the 2008 Super 14. In 2004, Mayor Richard M. In 2007, the Southern Spears, based in Port Elizabeth, will replace the lowest-finishing South African team in the 2006 table. Social liberalism is strong in the city, with a strong majority of Chicagoans supporting welfare programs and the pro-choice movement.

For more details regarding the areas from which each Super 14 team draws its players, see Super 14 franchise areas. Chicago's politics lean famously to the left compared to the rest of the Midwest, and it is often said that Chicago is the "East Coast" of the Midwest. In 2006, the competing teams will be:. Today, only one alderman is Republican. The fallout from the controversy surrounding the addition of the fifth South African side resulted in the creation of a competitive series involving Argentina, the Pacific Islands and at least one South African side, slated to begin in 2006. For example, the citizens of Chicago have not elected a Republican mayor since 1927, when William Thompson was voted into office. South Africa will establish a promotion/relegation system to determine the five sides that will compete in the Super 14 each year. For much of the last century, Chicago has been considered one of the largest Democratic strongholds in the United States.

The Spears will replace one of the five existing South Africa sides for 2007 and 2008. Another point of interest is the party leanings of the city. However, a sixth South African team, the Southern Spears, will be formed in the Southern and Eastern Cape region. Daley once led a political machine called the Chicago Democratic Machine. Finally, the five teams for 2006 were confirmed to be the country's existing four teams, plus the Central Cheetahs, which will draw its players from the Free State and Northern Cape Provinces. Former Chicago Mayor Richard J. The addition of the new South African team led to considerable controversy, including government involvement. The council takes official action through the passage of ordinances and resolutions.

It has been confirmed that the new Australian team in the competition will be based in Perth and is to be called the Western Force. Government priorities and activities are established in a budget ordinance usually adopted each November. However, Argentina and the Pacific Islands remain shut out of the competition proper under this proposal (but see the following paragraphs for more information). The council enacts local ordinances and approves the city budget. The proposal also included the possibility of splitting the updated Super 14 into two seven-team divisions, but it was decided to keep the competition in its traditional single-table format. The City Council is the legislative branch and is made up of 50 aldermen, one elected from each ward in the city. Under the new deal, Australia and South Africa each got one extra team in the competition, and a third round of fixtures will be added to the Tri Nations Series. In addition to the mayor, Chicago's two other citywide elected officials are the clerk and the treasurer.

SANZAR remains free to negotiate separate deals for other markets, such as France, Japan and the Americas. Daley, a Democrat. It covers international fixtures as well as the Super 14. The current mayor is Richard M. [2]. The mayor appoints commissioners and other officials who oversee the various departments. The contract is worth USD 323 million over five years, which is a 16% annual increase compared to the previous deal. The mayor is the chief executive, elected by general election for a term of four years.

That December, SANZAR announced that a new TV deal had been signed, with News Corporation winning the rights for the UK, Australia and New Zealand and Supersport winning rights for South Africa. The government of the City of Chicago is divided into executive and legislative branches. In September 2004, SANZAR began negotiations for a new television deal to take effect in 2006. Chicago is the largest city and the county seat of Cook County. However, until 2006, the competition remained as it began. An earthquake of 6 or higher in the Missouri Fault might cause moderate to high damage in Chicago. Argentina was also pushing for inclusion in the Super 12. This earthquake sparked worries that the New Madrid fault might become active again.

There was also discussion of including a team from the South Pacific Island nations, such as Fiji; or a combined Pacific Islanders team from Fiji, Samoa, and Tonga. More recently, an earthquake with an epicenter in Ottawa, Illinois registering about 4.3 on the Richter scale shook some buildings in Chicago on June 28, 2004. In recent years (2001 onwards), Australia had pushed unsuccessfully for the inclusion of a fourth Australian team (this has been now confirmed as Western Australia), and South Africa for another team from its country (two extra teams were added, for a total of six, but only five will compete in any given year). Since the first recorded earthquake in 1804 [2], Chicago has occasionally experienced earthquakes. Therefore by setting up the Super 12, the Unions had a product that was in demand from viewers, enabling them to sell a 10 year contract for exclusive television rights to News Corp for USD 555 million [1], giving them both coverage and financial support. There's even a nickname for the city's legendary gusts: "The Hawk." Lou Rawls brought The Hawk to national attention it in his song Dead End Street:
. Another reason is that with the establishment of the Super League, the Rugby Unions were concerned that they would lose players, who were switching codes to follow the high salaries. Whether Chicago is actually windier than other cities is in dispute, but the wind nevertheless has a strong hold on popular imagination.

A key part of the business model for the Foxtel pay TV network in Australia was to attract subscribers by offering an exclusive product (such as rugby union) which could not be seen on free-to-air broadcast television. Although rare, the temperature can climb to 50 °F (10 °C) or higher in winter. One significant reason for the development of the Super 12 competition was the introduction, in Australia especially but also in other nations, of pay (or subscription) television. This frigid weather doesn't normally last more than 1-3 days at a time. Australia, New Zealand and South Africa formed SANZAR (South African, New Zealand and Australian Rugby) to administer an annual 12-team provincial competition and Tri-Nations Test Series between the three countries. Temperatures can sometimes drop below 0 °F (-18 °C) overnight and then rise by the next morning. It was born out of the success of 1995 Rugby Union World Cup, pitting regional teams of the then three strongest rugby nations against each other. Temperatures and snowfall can vary widely in the span of one to two weeks, and extended periods of temperatures below 32 °F (0 °C) are not uncommon in January and February.

The first Super 12 series was held in 1996, although it has its origins in the Super 10, Super 6 and South Pacific championships. Winter in Chicago is a variable and fickle season. The Australian teams also play each other for the National Ricoh Championship (or State of the Union), the winner of which is awarded the Bob Templeton trophy. The highest temperature ever reached in Chicago was 104 °F. The two winners then play the final at the home ground of the top surviving seed. Summer is the rainiest season, with short-lived rainfall and thunderstorms more common than prolonged rainy periods[1]. The top four teams at the end of the round-robin phase then play semifinals, with the first placed team hosting the fourth placed team and the second placed team hosting the third placed team. Chicago's yearly precipitation averages about 36 inches (914 mm).

A bonus point is also earned by a team that loses a game by seven points (a converted try) or less. Summers have been known to bring different elements in a one day period; ranging from bright sunny mornings, to partly-cloudy and rainy early afternoons, to bright sunny late afternoons, to comfortable evenings. Teams also receive a bonus point for scoring four tries, regardless of the final result. Weather typical of each season can sometimes arrive unusually early or late, for example, the highest recorded temperature in March was 84 °F and the lowest in September was 37 °F. A team receives four points for a win, two for a draw, and none for a loss. Average high and low temperatures for July are 84 °F/63 °F, and for January it is 29 °F/13 °F. Games are held over 14 weekends with each team receiving one bye. Lake Michigan can have a moderating effect for neighborhoods close to the shoreline, keeping them cooler in summer and slightly warmer in winter; but also producing a 'lake effect' of snowfall in winter.

There are 91 regular season games in total. Midwest, with hot summers and cold winters, subject to possible extremes in both seasons. The Super 14 is a round-robin competition with each team playing every other team once, with six or seven home games and six or seven away games. Chicago has a continental climate typical of the U.S. The naming rights for the competition are different in the three countries:. While winters can often be bitterly cold, extreme summer heat waves are not uncommon. . Chicago is known as a city of climate extremes.

From 1996 through 2005, the competition was known as Super 12; the name change came about after two teams were added for the 2006 season. The Chicago Sanitary and Ship Canal connects the Chicago River with the Des Plaines River, which runs to the west of the city. The Super 14 is a rugby union championship competed for by teams from New Zealand, Australia and South Africa. The city lies beside Lake Michigan and two rivers, the Chicago in downtown and the Calumet in the industrial far South Side, entirely or partially flow through Chicago. Penalties: 43 – Andrew Mehrtens, Crusaders, 1999. The city has been built on relatively flat land; the average height of land is 579 feet (176 meters) above sea level. Conversions: 39 – Stirling Mortlock, Brumbies, 2000. The total area is 2.94% water.

Tries: 14 – Joe Roff, Brumbies, 1997, Rico Gear, Crusaders, 2005. Census Bureau, Chicago has a total area of 606.1 km² (234.0 mi²), of which 588.3 km² (227.1 mi²) is land and 17.8 km² (6.9 mi²) is water. Points: 206 – Andrew Mehrtens, Crusaders, 1998. According to the U.S. Penalties: 195 – Andrew Mehrtens, Crusaders. When Chicago was founded in the 1830s most of the early building began around the mouth of the Chicago River. Conversions: 148 – Matt Burke, Waratahs. Chicago is located in northeastern Illinois at the southwestern tip of Lake Michigan.

Tries: 57 – Joe Roff, Brumbies. Daley, became mayor in 1989. Points: 926 – Andrew Mehrtens, Crusaders. Daley, son of Richard J. First Super 12 penalty: Cameron, Wellington v Auckland, Palmerston North, 1996. Richard M. First Super 12 conversion: Cameron, Wellington v Auckland, Palmerston North, 1996. In 1983, Harold Washington became the first black mayor of Chicago.

First Super 12 try: Alama Ieremia, Auckland v Wellington, Palmerston North, 1996. During Daley's tenure (he died in office in 1976), the 1968 Democratic National Convention was held in Chicago, four major expressways were built, the Sears Tower became the world's tallest building and O'Hare Airport (which later became the world's busiest airport) was constructed. Fewest wins in a season: 0 – Bulls, 2002 regular season. Daley was elected in 1955, in the era of so-called machine politics. Most wins in a season: 11 – Crusaders, 2002 regular season. Mayor Richard J. Fewest tries in a season: 15 – Auckland, 1999, 2000. On December 2, 1942, the world's first controlled nuclear reaction was conducted at the University of Chicago as part of the top secret Manhattan Project.

Most tries in a season: 56 – Auckland, 1996/7, 1998. In 1900 this problem was solved by reversing the direction of the River's flow with the construction of the Chicago Sanitary and Ship Canal leading to the Illinois River. Most tries in a match: 14 – Crusaders v Waratahs, 2002. The cribs failed to bring enough clean water because spring rains would wash the polluted water from the Chicago River into them. Most consecutive losses: 11 – Bulls, 2002. The water cribs were two miles (three kilometers) off the shore of Lake Michigan. Most consecutive wins: 15 – Crusaders, 2002/03. The city embarked on a large tunnel excavation project and began building tunnels below Lake Michigan to newly built water cribs.

Highest score away: 60 – Blues v Hurricanes (7), 2002. Lake Michigan — the primary source of fresh water for the city — was already highly polluted from the rapidly growing industries in and around Chicago, a new way of procuring clean water was needed. Highest winning margin: 77 – Crusaders v Waratahs (96-19), 2002. The first skyscraper in the world was constructed in 1885 using novel steel skeleton construction. Lowest score: 0 – Bulls v Brumbies (15), 1999; Cats v Brumbies (64), 2000. In the following years, Chicago architecture would become influential throughout the world. Highest score: 96 – Crusaders v Waratahs (19), 2002. Due to the fire much of the city needed to be rebuilt; this gave city planners a clean slate to fix the problems of the past.

South Africa 0 (2). By this time the city had a population of over 300,000. Australia 2 (4). In 1871, most of the city burned in the Great Chicago Fire. New Zealand 8 (4). president, and was the first of twenty-five in the city. Waratahs 0 (1). The 1860 Republican National Convention in Chicago nominated home-state candidate Abraham Lincoln for U.S.

Highlanders 0 (1). Chicago grew to 1.1 million people in less than sixty years. Sharks 0 (2). By 1890, Chicago was the second largest city in the United States, after New York City. ACT Brumbies 2 (3). These problems were rectified by several large public works projects. Blues 3 (1). The geography of Chicago presented early citizens with many problems, including transportation and sewage.

Crusaders 5 (2). These projects foreshadowed Chicago's eventual development into the transportation hub of the United States. 2005 Crusaders 35-25 Waratahs. The first rail line to Chicago, the Galena & Chicago Union Railroad, was completed the same year. 2004 ACT Brumbies 47-38 Crusaders. The opening of the Illinois and Michigan Canal in 1848 allowed shipping from the Great Lakes through Chicago to the Mississippi River. 2003 Blues 21-17 Crusaders. The city was the logical transportation link between eastern and western United States, using the Great Lakes and the river systems, and (after 1850) the railroads.

2002 Crusaders 31-13 ACT Brumbies. Many factors contributed to that growth but early on the most important aspects could be attributed to Chicago's geographic proximity in a expanding nation. 2001 ACT Brumbies 36-6 Sharks. Thus began the next step in what would become massive early growth. 2000 Crusaders 20-19 ACT Brumbies. Chicago incorporated on March 4, 1837 when the State of Illinois granted Chicago a city charter. 1999 Crusaders 24-19 Highlanders. Within seven years a flood of new arrivals from New England and other points east gave the town a population of over 4,000.

1998 Crusaders 20-13 Blues. On August 12, 1833, the Town of Chicago organized with a population of 350. 1997 Blues 23-7 ACT Brumbies. Army built Fort Dearborn; in 1812 it was destroyed in the Fort Dearborn Massacre . 1996 Blues 45-21 Sharks. In 1803, the U.S. Stormers - Cape Town (plus northern Western Cape). The first non-native settler in Chicago was Jean-Baptiste Pointe du Sable, a Haitian of African descent, who arrived in the 1770s, and whose heritage was much talked about after 1950.

Sharks - Durban (KwaZulu-Natal). During the mid-1700s, the Chicago area was inhabited primarily by Potawatomis, who took the place of the Miami and Sauk and Fox. Central Cheetahs - Bloemfontein (Free State Province plus Northern Cape). . Cats - Johannesburg (plus Mpumalanga and North West). Chicago also has several dozen distinct neighborhoods to match the ethnic diversity; the city is divided into 77 official community areas. Bulls - Pretoria (plus East Rand and Limpopo Province). About one-third of central-city Chicagoans are Caucasian, another third African American, around a quarter Hispanic and one-tenth Asian, with small amounts of other races filling in the remainder.

South Africa