Scooby-Doo

The Scooby-Doo episodes from these years are now broadcast under the title Scooby-Doo and Scrappy-Doo title, distinguished from the original thirty-minute 1979 episodes of the show by a slightly different opening credits sequence. Companies, which offer a special business version of their distribution, add special support packages and special tools to administrate higher numbers of installations or do administrative tasks more easily. (**) These program blocks featured new seven-minute episodes of Scooby-Doo and Scrappy-Doo alongside several other series. The business model of commercial suppliers is generally dependent on charging for support, especially for business users. The Scooby-Doo episodes from these years are now broadcast under the title The Scooby-Doo Show. GNU/Linux users are often organised in so called Linux User Groups or abbreviated LUG.
(*) These program blocks featured new episodes of Scooby-Doo alongside several other series. Technical support is provided by commercial suppliers and by other Linux users, usually in online forums, newsgroups and mailing lists.

A spin-off, A Pup Named Scooby-Doo, added three more seasons to the canon between September 10, 1988 and August 31, 1991, and the recent series revival, What's New, Scooby-Doo?, debuted on September 14, 2002 and is currently in its fourth season. Complete distributions exist for most of these architectures, but most distributions focus on the "Intel" PC market. Scooby-Doo's first episode was originally broadcast on September 13, 1969 ("What a Night for a Knight" from Scooby-Doo, Where Are You!), and its final first-run episode ("Horror-Scope Scoob" from The 13 Ghosts of Scooby-Doo) aired on December 7, 1985, after sixteen years of consecutive network broadcast and thirteen seasons of original episodes. But eventually, people started trying to port it to other platforms, and now Linux is available on many CPU architectures, among them:. There have been several Scooby-Doo video games:. As originally envisioned by Linus Torvalds, Linux was strictly an x86 application. A number of early 'hippy' vans have been converted to look like the Mystery Machine from the show. Linux also integrates well with Python, Perl, PHP and Ruby.

More recent board games have been introduced to the market by Hasbro since the late-1990s, including a Scooby-themed edition of the popular mystery board game Clue. They are interpreted line-by-line as commands entered in the shell. In 1983, Milton-Bradley issued a Scooby and Scrappy-Doo board game. These are applications that are written without the need for compilation of the code. Since then, Scooby-Doo comics have been published by Marvel Comics, Archie Comics, and by DC Comics, who continue to publish a monthly Scooby-Doo series. Another option for linux programming is writing shell scripts. The book soon moved to all-original stories, and hit its stride in the early 1970s with Charlton Comics issues written by Mark Evanier and drawn by Dan Spiegle. Some of the most popular are Anjuta, Code::Blocks, KDevelop, NetBeans IDE, Glade (actually a user interface designer), Eclipse, the famous Emacs and Vim.

The first Scooby-Doo, Where Are You! comic book series began publication in 1970 through Gold Key Comics, and initially contained adaptations of episodes of the cartoon show. There are also a number of IDEs available for Linux. Reward took the idea of Scooby Snacks, Scooby-Doo's (and Shaggy's) favorite treat, and made it into a real dog treat. GCC supports C, C++ and Java (for example by using GCJ) among other languages. The cereal is still available in Canada. The GNU Compiler Collection (GCC) comes with the vast majority of distributions. After the cereal was discontinued, Kellogg started giving away free Scooby-Doo DVD's with packets of cereal in 2005, which contained two episodes from What's New, Scooby-Doo and two games. A number of compilers are available for Linux.

The marshmallows are shaped like ghosts. In a corporate setting essentially the same can be done using a Citrix server, rdesktop to access a Microsoft Terminal Services server, or with NX technology. Kellogg introduced a Scooby Doo breakfast cereal in 2002, a marshmallow/cinnamon type cereal for children. At its simplest one or more people needing occasional access to Windows applications can share remote access to a single Windows PC for that purpose using VNC. gang from other comic characters. This is a good solution where applications are unable to be migrated, or an item of hardware such as a dongle, custom decoder card, or some USB devices will only run under Windows. In 2002, the online comic Sluggy Freelance featured a weeks-long guest strip culminating in the reincarnation of the Mystery, Inc. A fourth alternative is to run the applications on a Windows machine but use remote access software such as VNC to view it on the Linux desktop.

TV Funhouse poked fun at the Pup Named Scooby Doo depiction of the characters at a younger age with its own, even younger-aged version, Fetal Scooby Doo. Aside from the performance difficulties, virtual machine approaches to running Windows applications cannot integrate Windows programs into the Linux desktop, as they must instead run inside the virtual Windows desktop. (Coincidentally, Sarah Michelle Gellar, who played Buffy, later played Daphne in the live-action movie.) Even South Park paid homage to Scooby-Doo in an episode entitled "KoЯn's Groovy Pirate Ghost Mystery". Full CPU emulators (such as QEMU or the slower counterpart Bochs) can be used, though to run a Windows program these emulators will also require a copy of Windows. Subsequent television shows and films often make reference to Scooby-Doo, for example Wayne's World and the television series Buffy the Vampire Slayer, in which Buffy and her monster-slaying friends refer to themselves as the "Scooby Gang" or "Scoobies," a knowing reference to Scooby-Doo. VMware is a proprietary hardware virtualisation program that can run Windows in this way with near-perfect functionality, however this approach can carry a considerable speed and performance penalty. Subaru automotive enthusiasts also routinely refer to their cars as Subie or Scooby. A third alternative for running Windows applications within Linux is to use a virtual machine program and run the desired application along with the entire virtual Windows operating system.

The question of Velma's name (Velma or Thelma) has even been the subject of Internet polls. Since a legal copy of the Microsoft implementation of the Windows API is needed, use of Win4Lin requires a copy of Windows. This phrase has become so well-known that only the words "meddling kids" need be said to constitute a reference. A similar alternative to running Windows applications inside Linux is to use the proprietary Win4Lin software, which converts Microsoft's version of the Windows API to run inside Linux rather than reimplementing it from scratch. The show is responsible for many pop-culture catchphrases, such as "Scooby Snacks" and variants of the phrase "I'd've gotten away with it, too, if it weren't for you meddling kids," a line traditionally spouted by the culprit when caught. Although compatibility is improving, in many cases week-by-week, applications that make use of non-standard programming practices can experience problems. box office. Since these programs are written without use of any Microsoft code, they do not require a Windows license.

A sequel, Scooby-Doo 2: Monsters Unleashed, followed in March 2004, which earned $84 million at the U.S. Many Windows programs run on Linux at approximately the same speed using these programs, and in some cases run even faster. Scooby-Doo was extremely successful, with a domestic box office gross of over $130 million. The popular Wine software, along with the commercial derivatives Crossover Office and Transgaming's Cedega create an application compatibility layer by reimplementing the Windows API inside of Linux. Scooby-Doo was created on screen by CGI special effects. There are several ways to run applications written for Microsoft Windows on Linux, with varying levels of success. (Fred), Sarah Michelle Gellar (Daphne), Matthew Lillard (Shaggy) and Linda Cardellini (Velma). Since nearly all settings are stored in ordinary text files they can be configured by any text editor.

The cast included Freddie Prinze Jr. There are also many command line utilities for configuring programs. in 2002. Others, like Linuxconf, Gnome System Tools, and Webmin, are not distribution-specific. A live-action feature film version of Scooby-Doo was released by Warner Bros. The easiest way to do this is by using tools provided by distributions such as Debian's debconf, Mandriva's Control Center, or SUSE's YaST. The later What's New, Scooby-Doo-based entries in the direct-to-video series returned to the original formula, and are basically extended episodes of the What's New, Scooby-Doo series. There are a number of ways to change these settings.

Scooby-Doo on Zombie Island (1998) featured the gang, reunited after years of being apart, battling voodoo-worshiping cat creatures in the Louisiana bayou, Scooby-Doo and the Witch's Ghost (1999) pits the gang against the vengeful ghost of an executed witch from the days of the Salem witch trials, the basic plotline of Scooby-Doo and the Reluctant Werewolf revolves around Shaggy being turned into a werewolf by Dracula to compete in an annual monster drag race and Scooby-Doo and the Alien Invasion blends together the old formula (the "aliens" are revealed to be criminals in masks secretly mining a vein of gold) and the true supernatural (Shaggy and Scooby's romantic interests are genuine aliens). A few programs use a configuration database instead of files. In Scooby-Doo and the Ghoul School (1988) (set during the early-1980s Scooby and Scrappy-Doo series), Shaggy, Scooby, and Scrappy sign up as gym teachers for Miss Grimwood's school for girls, only to find is actually a school for ghouls, where the trio end up teaching the daughters of the Frankenstein Monster, Dracula, The Werewolf, The Mummy, and the stereotypical ghost monster (called the Phantom). Configuration of most system wide settings are stored in a single directory called /etc, while user-specific settings are stored in hidden files in the user's home directory. A number of these Scooby-Doo telefilms and direct-to-video, as well as some, but not all, of the early-80's shows featuring Scrappy Doo, feature the gang encountering actual supernatural beings. However, the fastest approach is probably that of Workspot, which uses VNC to provide a free Linux desktop demo online. The series continued with Scooby-Doo and the Legend of the Vampire (2003), Scooby-Doo and the Monster of Mexico (2003), Scooby-Doo and the Loch Ness Monster (2004), Aloha, Scooby-Doo! (2005), and Scooby-Doo in Where's My Mummy? (2005). Ubuntu have a separate "Live" version of their distribution which runs from CD.

The success of these movies led to Scooby's return to Saturday morning, What's New, Scooby-Doo?, and Hanna-Barbera based later entries in this series of Scooby movies on it rather than the previous editions. MEPIS also runs from CD like Knoppix, and both can be installed onto a PC like any other Linux distribution. The movies include Scooby-Doo on Zombie Island (1998), Scooby-Doo and the Witch's Ghost (1999), Scooby-Doo and the Alien Invaders (2000), and Scooby-Doo and the Cyber Chase (2001). The approach by Knoppix, which runs Linux directly from a CD without disturbing the PC's hard drive, is probably the most successful demonstration tool to date. These movies featured a slightly older version of the original five-character cast from the Scooby-Doo, Where Are You! days, and disregards the later Scrappy-Doo years as non-canonical. Many commercial distributions are hard to install, but with work, allow someone to re-use an old machine to see what the Linux desktop is like. Starting in 1998, Hanna-Barbera (by then a subsidiary of Warner Bros.), began producing one new Scooby-Doo direct-to-video movie a year. Commercial exhibitions provide Linux demonstrations to potential new users, especially corporate buyers.

In addition, Scooby-Doo and Shaggy appeared as the narrators of the made-for-TV movie Arabian Nights, originally broadcast by TBS in 1994 and later released on video as Scooby-Doo in Arabian Nights. Linux User Groups, or LUGs, still provide the primary face-to-face forum for demonstration of Linux. Scooby-Doo, Scrappy-Doo, and Shaggy starred in three of these movies: Scooby-Doo Meets the Boo Brothers (1987), Scooby-Doo and the Reluctant Werewolf (1988), and Scooby-Doo and the Ghoul School (1988). So-called "live CDs" that simply boot from CD and automatically load the necessary drivers for the user's respective system promise to change that. From 1986 to 1988, Hanna-Barbera Productions produced Hanna-Barbera Superstars 10, a series of syndicated telefilms featuring their most popular characters, including Yogi Bear, Huckleberry Hound, The Flintstones, and The Jetsons. The difficulty in quickly demonstrating Linux on the computer of a potential new user remains still an obstacle, slowing its adoption as a personal computing platform. Grey DeLisle now provides the voice of Daphne, and former Facts of Life star Mindy Cohn voices Velma. After everything is done, the virtual machine can be booted just as if it were an independent computer.

With Don Messick having passed away in 1997, Frank Welker took over as Scooby's voice actor, while continuing to provide the voice of Fred as well, and Casey Kasem returned as Shaggy. The virtual machine software will simulate an isolated environment onto which the Linux system is installed. The show returned to the familiar format of the original series for the first time since 1978, with modern-day technology and culture added to the mix to give the series a more contemporary feel. Technology of virtual machines (such as Virtual PC or VMware) also enables Linux to be run inside another OS such as Microsoft Windows. In 2002, following the success of the Cartoon Network reruns and the late-1990s direct-to-video Scooby-Doo releases, the original version of the gang was updated for the 21st century for What's New, Scooby-Doo?, which has aired on Kids WB, since 2002 as well as Cartoon Network. Similar approaches include coLinux. When TBS and TNT ended their broadcasts of H-B cartoons in 1998, Scooby-Doo became the exclusive property of both Cartoon Network and sister station Boomerang. A Linux boot loader will boot the Linux system when the PC is restarted and the user chooses to boot Linux.

In 1993, A Pup Named Scooby-Doo, having just recently ended its network run on ABC, began reruns on the Cartoon Network; the other versions of Scooby-Doo joined it the following year and became exclusive to Turner networks such as the Cartoon Network, TBS Superstation, and TNT. The difference is that it is not necessary for the user to leave Windows, since Linux is installed to the Windows hard-disk partition. Reruns of the show have been in syndication since the mid-1980s, and have also been shown on cable television networks such as TBS Superstation (until 1989), and USA Network (as part of the USA Cartoon Express from 1990 to 1994). The software provides all the needed features; it is a real Linux distribution. The retooled show was a success, and lasted until 1991. After downloading the installer (more than 100MB), the user can install Linux just like any other Windows application. A Pup Named Scooby-Doo was an irreverant, zany re-imagining of the series, heavily inspired by the classic cartoons of Tex Avery and Bob Clampett, and eschewed the quasi-reality of the original Scooby series for a more Looney Tunes-like style. Consider WinLinux, for example.

Hanna-Barbera reincarnated the original Scooby-Doo, Where Are You! cast as junior high school students for A Pup Named Scooby-Doo, which debuted on ABC in 1988. Some let the user install Linux on top of their current system. 1985 saw the debut of The 13 Ghosts of Scooby-Doo, which featured Daphne, Shaggy, Scooby, Scrappy, and new characters Flim-Flam and Vincent Van Ghoul (based upon and voiced by Vincent Price) traveling the globe to capture "thirteen of the most terrifying ghosts and ghouls on the face of the earth." The 13 Ghosts of Scooby-Doo was cancelled in March 1986, and no new Scooby series aired on the network for the next two years. Some beginners (especially those familiar with Microsoft Windows and Mac OS) may still feel that making the shift can be hard but many solutions have been created to solve this problem. This version of the show lasted for two seasons, with the second season airing under the title The New Scooby-Doo Mysteries and featuring semi-regular appearances from Fred and Velma. Many distribution companies now are sparing no effort to provide users with advanced, easy and specific installations. Daphne returned to the cast for The All-New Scooby and Scrappy-Doo Show, which comprised two 11-minute episodes in a format reminiscent of the original Scooby-Doo, Where Are You! mysteries. It is famous for its ability to automatically partition a hard drive using the Disk Druid utility.

This version of Scooby-Doo and Scrappy-Doo aired as part of The Richie Rich/Scooby-Doo Show from 1980 to 1982, and as part of The Scooby-Doo/Scrappy-Doo/Puppy Hour from 1982 to 1983. Anaconda, one of the more popular installers, is used by Red Hat Linux, Fedora Core and other distributions to simplify the installation process. Fred, Daphne, and Velma were dropped from the series, and the new Scooby-Doo and Scrappy-Doo format was now comprised of three seven-minute comedic adventures starring Scooby, Scrappy, and Shaggy instead of one half-hour mystery. Many distributions also support booting over a network, so an installation on a properly configured machine can be done remotely. The 1979–1980 episodes, aired under the title Scooby-Doo and Scrappy-Doo, succeeded in regenerating interest in the show, and as a result, the entire show was overhauled in 1980 to center more closely on Scrappy-Doo. The cost savings achieved by using thin clients can be invested in greater computing power or storage on the server. In 1979, Scooby's tiny nephew Scrappy-Doo was added to both the series and the billing, in an attempt to boost Scooby-Doo's slipping ratings. Variations on this mode include using local drives and computing power to run applications.

The Scooby-Doo episodes produced during these three seasons were later packaged together for syndication as The Scooby-Doo Show, under which title they continue to air. The clients can be ordinary PCs with the addition of the network bootloader on a drive or network interface controller. Four of these episodes featured Scooby's dimwitted country cousin Scooby-Dum as a semi-regular character. A Linux Terminal Server is a single machine to which many clients can connect this way, so one obtains the benefit of installing Linux on many machines for the cost of installing on one. New Scooby episodes, in the original Scooby-Doo, Where Are You! format, were produced for each of these three seasons. Clients can boot over the network from the server and display results and pass information to the server where all the applications run. This hour-long package show later evolved into the longer programming blocks Scooby's All-Star Laff-a-Lympics (1977 - 1978) and Scooby's All-Stars (1978 - 1979). Still another mode of installation of Linux is to install on a powerful computer to use as a server and to use ordinary less powerful machines (perhaps without hard drives, and having less memory and slower CPUs) as thin clients over the network.

For their 1976 - 1977 season, new episodes of Scooby-Doo were joined with a new H-B show, Dynomutt, Dog Wonder, to create The Scooby-Doo/Dynomutt Hour (It became The Scooby-Doo/Dynomutt Show when an bonus Scooby rerun was added to it in November 1976). Similarly, some minimal distributions, such as tomsrtbt, can be run directly from as little as 1 floppy disk without needing to change the hard drive contents. On ABC, the show went through almost yearly format changes. With this, one boots from the CD and can use Linux without making any modification to the contents of the hard drive. Most of the mystery-solving Hanna-Barbera shows made before 1975 were featured on CBS, and when Fred Silverman moved from CBS to ABC in 1975, the mystery-solving shows, including Scooby-Doo, followed him. Other distributions, such as Knoppix, can be run directly from a "live CD" running entirely in RAM, rather than installing it to the hard drive. During the 1970s, the imitating programs successfully coexisted alongside Scooby on Saturday mornings. After a basic system is installed, more software can be added by downloading it from the Internet or using CDs.

Even outside studios got in on the act: when Joe Ruby and Ken Spears left H-B in 1977 and started Ruby-Spears Productions, their first cartoon was Fangface, yet another mystery-solving Scooby clone. Some distributions, such as Debian, can be installed from a small set of floppy disks. such as Speed Buggy (1973), which featured three teens, and a talking dune buggy in the role of "Scooby." Some of these shows even used the same voice actors and score cues. Such a CD can be burned from a downloaded ISO image, purchased alone for a low price, or can be obtained as part of a box set that may also include manuals and additional commercial software. Later shows such as The Amazing Chan and the Chan Clan (1972); Goober and the Ghost Chasers, Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kids, and Inch High, Private Eye (all 1973); Clue Club and Jabberjaw (both 1976); Captain Caveman and the Teen Angels (1977); Buford and the Galloping Ghost (1978); and the Pebbles, Dino, and Bamm-Bamm segments of The Flintstone Funnies (1980) would all involve groups of teenagers solving mysteries or fighting crime in the same vein as Scooby-Doo, usually with the help of a wacky animal, ghost, etc. The most common method of installing Linux, supported by all major distributions, is by booting from a CD that contains the installation program and installable software. By the time Scooby-Doo had its first format change in 1972, Hanna-Barbera had produced three other teenager-based shows that were very similar to Scooby in concept and execution: Josie and the Pussycats (1970), which resurrected the idea of the rock band to the teenage-crime-fighter formula; The Pebbles and Bamm-Bamm Show (1971), which re-imagined the toddlers from The Flintstones as high-school students); and the most blatant Scooby clone, The Funky Phantom (also 1971), which featured three teens, a real ghost and his ghostly cat solving spooky mysteries. Further, personal computers that come with Linux distributions already installed are readily available from numerous vendors, including large mainstream vendors like Hewlett-Packard and Dell.

Having established a successful formula, Hanna-Barbera then proceeded to repeat it ad infinitum. Also it is not normally necessary to feed a stack of driver CDs into a Linux installation as most hardware is supported out of the box. After two seasons and 24 episodes of the New Movies format from 1972 to 1974, the show went to reruns of the original series until Scooby moved to ABC in 1976. It is unnecessary to file license numbers and enter them during installation. Among the most notable of these guest stars were The Harlem Globetrotters, The Three Stooges, Don Knotts, and Batman and Robin, who all appeared at least twice on the show. Many distributions are at least as easy to install as a comparable version of Windows. In 1972, after 25 half-hour episodes, the program was doubled to a full hour and called The New Scooby-Doo Movies; each episode of which featured a different guest star helping the gang solve mysteries. In the past, difficulty of installation was a barrier to wide adoption of Linux-based systems, but the process has been made easy in recent years.

The eight 1970 episodes of Scooby-Doo, Where Are You! differed slightly from the first-season episodes in their uses of more slapstick humor, Archie Show-like "chase songs" during climactic sequences, and Heather North performing the voice of Daphne in place of Christopherson. The paper Why Open Source Software / Free Software (OSS/FS)? Look at the Numbers! identifies many quantitative studies of open source software, on topics including market share and reliability, with many studies specifically examining Linux. Scooby-Doo, Where Are You! was a major ratings success for CBS, and they renewed it for a second season in 1970. The large number of choices of Linux distributions can also confuse users and software vendors. Once you know this, when you look at the first season's shows, it becomes obvious." [3] The similarity between Shaggy and Maynard is the most noticible; both characters share the same beatnik-style goatee. However, some observers claim that the intervals between Linux distribution releases are no worse, and often better, than the project management "schedule slipping" that occurs with other operating systems and with software systems in general. Krebs], Velma on Zelda and Daphne on Thalia. Linux distributions have been criticized for unpredictable development schedules, thus making enterprise users less comfortable with Linux than they might be with other systems (Marcinkowski, 2003).

The influences of I Love a Mystery and Dobie Gillis were especially apparent in these early episodes; Mark Evanier, who would write Scooby-Doo teleplays and comic book scripts in the 1970s and 1980s, identified each of the four teenagers with their corresponding Dobie Gillis character: "Fred was based on Dobie, Shaggy on Maynard [G. However, Relevantive, the renowned Berlin-based organization specializing in providing consultation to companies on the usability of software and Web services, concluded that the usability of Linux for a set of desktop-related tasks is "equal to Windows XP." Since then, there have been numerous independent studies and articles [10] [11] [12] that show that a modern Linux desktop using Gnome or KDE is on par with or superior to Microsoft Windows. Seventeen episodes of Scooby-Doo were produced in 1969. Microsoft-sponsored studies such as those by IDC and Gartner have argued that Linux had a higher total cost of ownership (TCO) than Windows. The original voice cast featured Don Messick as Scooby-Doo, Casey Kasem as Shaggy, Frank Welker as Fred, Nicole Jaffe as Velma, and Stefanianna Christopherson as Daphne. There have been conflicting studies of Linux's usability and cost in the past. Scooby-Doo, Where are You! made its CBS network debut on Saturday, September 13, 1969 with its first episode, "What a Night for a Knight". Deliberately non-portable hardware drivers like Winmodems and Winprinters have been a general problem.

According to Ruby and Spears[2], Silverman was inspired by an ad-lib he heard in Frank Sinatra's song "Strangers in the Night" on the way out to one of their meetings, and decided to rename the dog "Scooby-Doo" and re-rechristened the show Scooby-Doo, Where are You! The new and improved show was re-presented to CBS executives, who approved it for production. Often, this development requires reverse engineering of some sort, as certain manufacturers remain secretive and refuse to provide the hardware or firmware specifications for their products. They dropped the rock band element, and began to focus more attention on Shaggy and Too Much. Though some vendors provide device drivers, many device drivers must be developed by volunteers after the release of the product. Now without a centerpiece for the upcoming season's programming, Silverman turned to Ruby and Spears, who reworked the show to make it more comedic and less frightening. Support for certain new and obscure hardware remains an issue. The executives felt that the presentation artwork was far too frightening for young viewers, and, thinking the show would be the same, decided to pass on it. Linux is rapidly gaining popularity as a desktop operating system as it is increasingly used in schools and workplaces and more people are becoming familiar with it.

Also, Silverman, not being very fond of the name Mysteries Five, had rechristened the show Who's S-S-Scared? Using storyboards, presentation boards, and a short completed animation sequence, Silverman presented Who's S-S-Scared? to the CBS executives as the centerpiece for the upcoming 1969–1970 season's Saturday morning cartoon block. Linux is past that stage now, with numerous manufacturers installing Linux and many organizations having five or more years experience with Linux - since installation evolved to graphical user interfaces - or Unix, which has been around for decades. By the time the show was ready for presentation by Silverman, a few more things had changed: Geoff and Mike were merged into one character called "Ronnie" (later re-named "Fred"), Kelly was renamed to "Daphne", Linda was now called "Velma", and Shaggy (formerly "W.W.") was no longer her brother. Because of reluctance to change and the fact that many computers still come with Microsoft Windows pre-installed, there has been a slow initial adoption of new desktop operating systems. After learning all of the characteristics of a prize-winning Great Dane from her, Takamoto proceeded to break every rule, giving spots (no Great Dane has spots), bowed legs, and a double-chin, among other abnormalities. Most distributions of Linux have two or more means of software installation, and more office and end-user applications now come with an automated installation program. Takamoto consulted a studio colleague who happened to be a breeder of Great Danes. However, general applications like spreadsheets, word processors, and browsers are available for Linux in profusion.

After consulting with Barbera on the issue, Too Much was finally set as a Great Dane, primarily to avoid a direct correlation to The Archies (who had a big shaggy sheepdog, Hot Dog, in their band). Equivalents of some specific programs may not be available. Ruby and Spears couldn't decide whether to make their dog a large goofy Great Dane or a big shaggy sheepdog. Users might have to switch application software, and there may be fewer options, as in the case of computer games. When "The Mysteries Five" weren't performing at gigs, they were out solving spooky mysteries involving ghosts, zombies, and other supernatural creatures. For example, Gentoo Linux, a source-based distribution, is time-consuming to install, but can be more usable for advanced users than stereotypical beginner-friendly distributions, such as Mandriva or Ubuntu. Their original concept of the show bore the title Mysteries Five, and featured five teens (Geoff, Mike, Kelly, Linda, and Linda's brother "W.W.") and their dog, Too Much, who were all in a band called "The Mysteries Five" (even the dog; he played bongos). It is worth noting that an operating system's usability is subjective and dependent on the background knowledge and needs of its users.

Hanna and Barbera passed this task along to two of their head storymen, Joe Ruby and Ken Spears and artist/character designer Iwao Takamoto. It used to be easier to find local technical support for Windows or Mac OS than for Linux in some places but with local Linux User Groups or LUGs appearing everywhere this has changed. Silverman envisioned the show as a sort of cross between the popular I Love a Mystery radio serials of the 1940s and the popular early 1960s TV show, The Many Loves of Dobie Gillis. Many older programs with text user interfaces (TUI) have wild inconsistencies between them, but they maintain loyal followings. Silverman was eager to expand upon this success, and contacted producers William Hanna and Joseph Barbera about possibly creating another show based around a teenage rock-group, but with an extra element: the kids would solve mysteries in-between their gigs. On the command shell, many usability hangups from early Unix days generally remain, such as the difficulty in finding some commands, and the inability to undo many operations such as file deletion. Also successful were the musical numbers The Archies performed during each program (one of which, "Sugar, Sugar", hit #1 on the Billboard pop chart in September 1969, and became #1 for that entire year after the year-end chart was compiled). GUI configuration tools and control panels are available for many system settings and services, but editing of plain-text configuration files is often required.

The result was The Archie Show, based upon Bob Montana's teenage humor comic book Archie. The area of hardware and services configuration is where user experience is most varied. In 1968, then-CBS executive in charge of children's programming Fred Silverman was looking for a show that would revitalize his Saturday morning lineup and please the watchdog groups at the same time. Additionally, proprietary software for other operating systems may be run through compatibility layers, such as Wine. Members of these watchgroups had begun to serve as advisors to Hanna-Barbera and other animation studios to ensure that their new programs would be safe for children. A growing number of proprietary software vendors are supporting Linux, and open source development for Linux is also steadily increasing. Most of these shows were action cartoons such as Space Ghost and The Herculoids, and virtually all of them were cancelled by 1969 because of pressure from the watchgroups. While some very specific application may not be available for Linux, there usually exists a replacement, often of better quality.

Starting in 1968, a number of parental watchdog groups, most notably Action for Children's Television (ACT), began vocally protesting what they perceived as an excessive amount of gratuitous violence in Saturday morning cartoons during the mid-to-late 1960s. Applications running within graphical desktop environments such as GNOME and KDE in Linux are very similar to those running on other operating systems. . Linux and other free software projects have been frequently criticized for not going far enough in terms of ensuring usability, and Linux was once considered more difficult to use than Windows or the Macintosh, although this has changed. [1]. The Linux market is among the fastest growing and is projected to exceed $35.7 billion by 2008 [9](this statistic is not comparable to capitalised operating systems like Windows - since Linux is free to use). It will first be published as holding this record in the 2006 edition of the Guinness Book of Records. However, argued advantages of Linux, such as lower cost, fewer security vulnerabilities [8] , and lack of vendor lock-in, have spurred a growing number of high-profile cases of mass adoption of Linux by corporations and governments.

As of October 2004, Scooby-Doo holds the Guinness World Record for having the most episodes of any cartoon series ever produced, a record previously held by The Simpsons. According to market research company IDC, in 2002, only 25% of servers and 2.8% of desktop computers were already running Linux. Repeats of the original series, as well as second-run episodes of the current series, are broadcast frequently on Cartoon Network in the USA and other countries. Its market share of desktops is rapidly growing. Originally broadcast on CBS (1969–1976), and then on ABC (1976–1986, 1988–1991), then was broadcasted on the WB Network during the Kids WB programming block (2002–2004). Once viewed as an operating system only computer professionals and aficionados could use, Linux distributions have become user-friendly, with many graphical interfaces and applications. Later versions of the show featured different variations on the supernatural theme of the show, and include additional characters, such as Scooby's cousin Scooby-Dum and his nephew Scrappy-Doo, in addition to or instead of some of the original characters. Graphical Linux software exists for almost any area and in some areas there is a greater quality and quantity of software available than for proprietary operating systems.

At the end of each episode, the supernatural forces turn out to have a rational explanation (usually a criminal of some sort attempting to scare people away so that he/she could commit crimes). In desktop environments like GNOME and KDE, Linux may be used with a user interface that is similar to that of Mac OS, Microsoft Windows, or other desktop environments, and its traditional Unix-like command line interface. These five characters (officially referred to collectively as "Mystery, Inc.", but never referred to as such in the original series) drive around the world in a van called the "Mystery Machine," and solve mysteries typically involving tales of ghosts and other supernatural forces. Linux is rapidly gaining popularity as a desktop operating system. Though the format of the show and the cast (and ages) of characters have varied significantly over the years, the most familiar versions of the show feature a talking Great Dane named Scooby-Doo and four teenagers: Fred "Freddie" Jones, Daphne Blake, Velma Dinkley, and Norville "Shaggy" Rogers. As of June 2005, the 3 fastest supercomputers in the world (as recorded by the Top500) run Linux. Scooby-Doo is a popular and long-running American animated television series produced for Saturday morning television by Hanna-Barbera Productions (now Cartoon Network Studios) from 1969 to 1986, 1988 to 1991, and from 2002 to the present day. Linux is increasingly common as an operating system for supercomputers, most recently on 64-bit AMD Opterons in the Cray XD1.

Scooby-Doo 2: Monsters Unleashed (2004). Linux is also expanding into telecommunications equipment through efforts such as Carrier Grade Linux. Scooby-Doo (2002). The TomTom satellite navigation system also uses an embedded version of the Linux kernel. Scooby-Doo, Where's My Mummy?(2005). A large number of network firewalls and routers, including several from Linksys and Netgear, use Linux internally, taking advantage of its advanced firewalling and routing capabilities. Aloha, Scooby-Doo! (2005). The popular TiVo digital video recorder also uses a customized version of Linux.

Scooby-Doo and the Loch Ness Monster (2004). In handheld devices, it is an increasingly popular alternative to the Windows CE and Palm OS operating systems. Scooby-Doo and the Monster of Mexico (2003). In mobile phones, Linux has become a major competitor to the proprietory Symbian OS software. Scooby-Doo and the Legend of the Vampire (2003). Its low cost makes it particularly useful in set-top boxes and for devices such as the Simputer, a computer aimed mainly at low-income populations in developing nations. Scooby-Doo and the Cyber Chase (2001). Linux is also often used in embedded systems.

Scooby-Doo and the Alien Invaders (2000). Sony has previously released a PS2 Linux kit for their PlayStation 2 video game console. Scooby-Doo and the Witch's Ghost (1999). The multi-billion dollar video game industry will see widespread Linux use with the 2006 launch of the Sony PlayStation 3 video game console which will run Linux out of the box. Scooby-Doo on Zombie Island (1998). Additionally, Linux has a plethora of database software such as MySQL, Sybase ASE (linux application) , mSQL and others. Arabian Nights (also known as Scooby-Doo in Arabian Nights) (1993, TBS). A prominent example of this software combination in use is MediaWiki — the software primarily written for Wikipedia.

Scooby-Doo and the Ghoul School (1988). Linux is the cornerstone of the so-called LAMP server-software combination (Linux, Apache, MySQL, Perl/PHP/Python) that has achieved widespread popularity among Web developers, making it one of the most common platforms on the Web. Scooby-Doo and the Reluctant Werewolf (1988). Linux has made considerable gains in server and special-purpose markets, such as image rendering and Web services, and is now making inroads into the high volume desktop market. Scooby-Doo Meets the Boo Brothers (1987). This stereotype has been dispelled in recent years by the increased user-friendliness and broad adoption of many Linux distributions. Scooby Goes Hollywood (December 13, 1979, ABC). Because of this, and because of being attracted by access to the internals of the system, Linux users have traditionally tended to be more technologically oriented than users of Microsoft Windows and Mac OS, sometimes revelling in the tag of "hacker" or "geek".

What's New, Scooby-Doo? (2002–present, Kids' WB/Cartoon Network). In the past, a user needed significant knowledge of computers in order to install and configure Linux. A Pup Named Scooby-Doo (1988–1991, ABC). The source code for the Linux kernel used to be maintained using the software application called BitKeeper but, partly because a license dispute, it is now maintained via Git, the new directory content manager created by Linus Torvalds himself. Scooby Doo: Unmasked, a 2005 console game published by THQ. This distribution contained over fifty-five million source lines of code, and the study estimated that it would have cost 1.9 billion dollars (year 2000 dollars) to develop by conventional proprietary means. Scooby Doo: Mystery Mayhem, a 2004 console game developed by A2M and published by THQ. In a later study, Counting potatoes: the size of Debian 2.2, the same analysis was performed for Debian GNU/Linux version 2.2.

Scooby Doo: Night of 100 Frights, a 2002 console game published by THQ. Slightly over half of the code in that distribution was licensed under the GPL. Scooby Doo: Classic Creep Capers, a 2000 console game published by THQ and released for Nintendo 64. Had all this software been developed by conventional proprietary means, it would have cost 1.08 billion dollars (year 2000 dollars) to develop in the United States. The game was released for Microsoft Windows. Using the Constructive Cost Model (COCOMO), the study estimated that this distribution required about eight thousand person-years of development time. (EAI) and published by SouthPeak Interactive. The Linux kernel contained 2.4 million lines of code, or 8% of the total.

Scooby Doo: Mystery of the Fun Park Phantom, a 1999 mystery computer game developed by Engineering Animation, Inc. More Than a Gigabuck: Estimating GNU/Linux's Size, a study of Red Hat Linux 7.1, found that this particular distribution contained 30 million source lines of code (SLOC). Scooby Doo Mystery, a 1995 game for the Super Nintendo Entertainment System & Sega Genesis. A variety of Linux distribution screenshots can be viewed here. [4] [5]. A typical general-purpose distribution includes the Linux kernel, some GNU libraries and tools, command-line shells, and thousands of application software packages, from office suites and the graphical X Window System to compilers, text editors, and scientific tools. Scooby Doo, a 1986 arcade computer game published by Elite Systems (later re-released on Elite's budget label Encore) and developed by Gargoyle Games (Greg Follis, Roy Carter) for the ZX Spectrum and Commodore 64. Over 450 distributions are available [7].

Distributions are created for many different purposes, including localization, architecture support, real-time applications, and embedded systems, and many deliberately include only free software. They include additional system software and application programs, as well as certain processes to install these systems on a computer. These are compiled by individuals, loose-knit teams, and various professional organizations. Linux is predominantly used as part of a Linux distribution (commonly called a 'distro').

The most comprehensive coverage of this suit is given by Groklaw. A few of Novell's press releases seem to demonstrate serious problems with SCO's claims:. To date, no proof of SCO's claims of copied code in Linux has been provided and SCO's claims have varied widely. This controversy has involved lawsuits by SCO against Novell, DaimlerChrysler (partially dismissed in July, 2004), and AutoZone, and by Red Hat and others against SCO.

Additionally, SCO sent letters to a number of companies warning that their use of Linux without a license from SCO may be actionable, and claimed in the press that they would be suing individual Linux users. In March 2003, the SCO Group (SCO) filed a lawsuit against IBM claiming that IBM had contributed some portions of SCO's copyrighted code to the Linux kernel in violation of IBM's license to use Unix. The distinction between Torvalds' kernel and entire Linux-based systems that contain the kernel is a perennial source of confusion, and the naming remains controversial. Torvalds, the creator of the Linux kernel, has said that he finds calling Linux in general GNU/Linux "just ridiculous." Still, some distributions do use this name — notably Debian GNU/Linux — while most people simply refer to the system as Linux.

Because the GNU libraries and programs, an essential part of nearly all Linux distributions, stem from a long-standing free operating system project that predates the Linux kernel, Richard Stallman and the Free Software Foundation ask that the combined system (regardless of distribution) be referred to as GNU/Linux or a Linux-based GNU system. See also List of words of disputed pronunciation for a fuller technical discussion of the various ways "Linux" is pronounced. Note that in English, "Linux" and "Minix" are usually pronounced with a short /ɪ/ sound that is different from Torvalds's phonemically Finland-Swedish pronunciation of these words (which is somewhere between what would be considered short and long in English). An audio file of Torvalds saying "Hello, this is Linus Torvalds, and I pronounce Linux as /lɪnʊks/" also exists [6].

In 1992, Torvalds explained [5] (IPA pronunciations added to quote in braces):. Other variations are also possible, but less frequently heard. The first pronunciation is considered more correct, while the second has become popular for sounding more natural in English. Linux is most commonly pronounced either to rhyme with minix [ˈlɪnəks], or to sound like lie nix [ˈlaɪnəks].

In September 2005, Intellectual Property Australia, the trademark regulator in Australia, rejected an application to trademark Linux. LMI has also sought to enforce the Linux trademark in countries other than the US. Reg No: 1916230) is owned by Linus Torvalds, registered for "Computer operating system software to facilitate computer use and operation." The licensing of the trademark is now handled by the Linux Mark Institute (LMI). The Linux trademark (U.S.

In 1997, Linus Torvalds stated, "Making Linux GPL'd was definitely the best thing I ever did." [4] Other subsystems use other licenses, although all of them share the property of being free/open-source; for example, several libraries use the LGPL (a more-permissive variant of the GPL), and the X Window System uses the permissive (non-copyleft) MIT License. The GPL requires that all source code modifications and derived works also be licensed under the GPL, and is sometimes referred to as a "share and share-alike" (or copyleft) license. The Linux kernel, along with most of the GNU components, is licensed under the GNU General Public License (GPL) version 2 (not or later). Originally, Linus was going to call it Freax for "free" and with the often-used X in the names of Unix-like systems.

(The name Linux was derived from Linus' Minix.) The name was later trademarked (see below). He was the one to invent the name Linux for the directory from which Torvalds' project was first available for download [3]. Lemmke was working for the Helsinki University of Technology (TKK), located in Espoo near Helsinki, as an administrator of ftp.funet.fi, an FTP server which belongs to the Finnish University and Research Network (FUNET), which has numerous organizations as its members, amongst them the TKK and the University of Helsinki. The name "Linux" was coined, not by Torvalds, but by Ari Lemmke.

Tux the penguin is the logo and mascot of Linux (although there are other, less common representations,such as theOS-tan), based on an image created by Larry Ewing in 1996. The task of producing an integrated system, which combines all of these basic components along with graphical interfaces (such as GNOME or KDE, which in turn are based on the X Window System) and application software, is now performed by Linux distribution vendors / organizations. Today, Torvalds continues to direct the development of the kernel, while other subsystems such as the GNU components are developed separately. The Linux system quickly surpassed Minix in functionality; Torvalds and other early Linux kernel developers adapted their kernel to work with the GNU components and user-space programs to create a complete, fully functional, free operating system.

Initial versions of Linux also required an operating system to be present in order to boot from a hard disk, but soon there were independent bootloaders, the most well known being lilo. A computer running Minix was originally necessary in order to configure, compile, and install Linux. By the 0.01 release, Linus had implemented enough POSIX system calls to make Linux run the GNU Bash shell; after this bootstrapping procedure, development accelerated rapidly. Raymond's essay The Cathedral and the Bazaar discusses the development model of the Linux kernel and similar software.

Eric S. Since then, thousands of developers from around the world have participated in the project. The first version of the Linux kernel (0.01) was released to the Internet on September 17, 1991, with the second version following shortly thereafter in October [2]. After that, it gradually evolved into an entire operating system kernel intended as a foundation for POSIX-compliant systems.

When Linus needed to read and write files to disk, this task-switching terminal emulator was extended with an entire filesystem handler. The terminal emulator was running two threads: one for sending and one for receiving characters from the serial port. Linux started out as a terminal emulator written in IA-32 assembler and C, which was compiled into binary form and booted from a floppy disk so that it would run outside of any operating system. However, Tanenbaum did not permit others to extend his operating system, leading Torvalds to develop a replacement for Minix.

Torvalds originally used Minix, a simplified Unix-like system written by Andrew Tanenbaum for teaching operating system design. Meanwhile, in 1991, another kernel — eventually dubbed "Linux" — was begun as a hobby by Finnish university student Linus Torvalds while attending the University of Helsinki. However, due to a lack of cooperation from the Berkeley programmers, Stallman decided instead to use the Mach microkernel, which subsequently proved unexpectedly difficult, and the Hurd's development proceeded slowly. According to Thomas Bushnell, the initial Hurd architect, their early plan was to adapt the BSD 4.4-Lite kernel and, in hindsight, "It is now perfectly obvious to me that this would have succeeded splendidly and the world would be a very different place today" [1].

The GNU project began developing their own kernel, the Hurd, in 1990 (after an abandoned attempt called Trix). By the beginning of the 1990s, GNU had produced or collected nearly all of the necessary components of this system—libraries, compilers, text editors, a Unix-like shell, and other software—except for the lowest level, the kernel. The goal of GNU was to develop a complete Unix-like operating system composed entirely of free software. In 1983, Richard Stallman founded the GNU project, which today provides an essential part of most Linux systems (see also GNU/Linux, below).

. It is deployed in applications ranging from embedded systems (such as mobile phones and personal video recorders) to personal computers to supercomputers. Linux was originally developed for Intel 386 microprocessors and now supports all popular computer architectures (and several obscure ones). Proponents and analysts attribute this success to its vendor independence (the opposite of vendor lock-in), low cost, security, and reliability.

Since then, Linux has gained the support of major corporations such as IBM, Sun Microsystems, Hewlett-Packard, and Novell for use in servers and is gaining popularity in the desktop market. Initially, Linux was primarily developed and used by individual enthusiasts. Most broadly, a Linux distribution bundles large quantities of application software with the core system, and provides more user-friendly installation and upgrades. In the narrowest sense, the term Linux refers to the Linux kernel, but it is commonly used to describe entire Unix-like operating systems (also known as GNU/Linux) that are based on the Linux kernel combined with libraries and tools from the GNU Project and other sources.

It is one of the most prominent examples of free software and of open-source development: unlike proprietary operating systems such as Windows and Mac OS, all of its underlying source code is available to the public for anyone to freely use, modify, improve, and redistribute. Linux is a computer operating system and its kernel. Greene, The Register, retrieved December 22, 2005. Mandrake 8.1 easier than Win-XP by Thomas C.

Desktop Linux: Ready for Prime Time? by Emmett Dulaney, Redmond Magazine, June 2005, retrieved on 21 December 2005. Wheeler. Why Open Source Software / Free Software (OSS/FS)? Look at the Numbers! by David A. González-Barahona et al.

Counting potatoes: the size of Debian 2.2 by Jesús M. Wheeler. More Than a Gigabuck: Estimating GNU/Linux's Size by David A. Retrieved January 19, 2004 from [14].

Linux Torvalds Q&A. (2004). Mackenzie, K. Retrieved January 16, 2004 from [13].

Linux breaks desktop barrier in 2004: Torvalds. (2004). R. Gedda.

Glyn Moody: Rebel Code: Linux and the Open Source Revolution, Perseus Publishing, ISBN 0-713-99520-3. Sparc (Sun4). SuperH (Sega Dreamcast). IBM System/390.

PowerPC (Macintosh). PA-RISC (HP workstations). MIPS (DECstation, SGI Indy....). Motorola 68K (Sun3, Amiga, Atari, early Mac, Apollo....).

Alpha. ARM (handhelds, embedded systems). Both AMD and Intel versions of "64-bit x86". Intel/AMD x86 (the "normal PC").

2003-Nov-18 Novell Statement on SCO claims regarding a non-compete clause in Novell-SCO contracts. 2003-Jun-06 Novell Statement on SCO Contract Amendment. 2003-May-30 Novell Statement re: SCO press conference allegations. 2003-May-28 Novell Challenges SCO Position, Reiterates Support for Linux.

2003-May-15 Novell Statement on SCO Contract Amendment (good news for Linux users).