Saw II

. For descriptions of the Earth in (science) fiction, see Earth in fiction. (disputed — see talk page). See Spaceship Earth and Gaia theory.. [1] [2] [3] [4] [5] Although some argue that he depended on a significant amount of uncuntrolable events to happen, that is not the case because as we later learn it was all a recording and he knew before the cops arrived what was going on. Earth has also been described as a massive spaceship, with a life support system that requires maintenance, or as having a biosphere that forms one large organism.
Even more so than then the previous film, Jigsaw's diabolic "games" require a large amount of planning, causing some film critics to liken his murderous schemes to Rube Goldberg machines. A photo taken of Earth by Voyager 1 inspired Carl Sagan to describe the planet as a "Pale Blue Dot".

Jigsaw is shown, still sitting in Matthew's van, badly beaten but smiling. The technological developments of the latter half of the 20th century are widely considered to have altered the public's perception of the Earth. Matthews, chained to a pipe, is left in the room alone only with the light from his flashlight and his gun now just out of reach. Surveying, the determination of locations and distances, and to a somewhat lesser extent navigation, the determination of position and direction, have developed alongside cartography and geography, providing and suitably quantifying the requisite information. "Game over," she says, iterating Jigsaw's catchphrase. Cartography, the study and practice of mapmaking, and vicariously geography, have historically been the disciplines devoted to depicting the Earth. Matthews then watches helplessly as Amanda closes the door on him. Prior to the introduction of space flight, this belief was countered with deductions based on observations of the secondary effects of the Earth's shape and parallels drawn with the shape of other planets.

In a series of flashbacks we understand why Jigsaw was happy to sit back while Matthews tore his work up and see that Amanda was the one who brought Daniel back to be placed in the safe. In the past there were varying levels of belief in a flat Earth because of this, but ancient Greek philosophers and, in the Middle Ages, thinkers such as Thomas Aquinas knew that the Earth was a sphere. Playing the tape, Matthews learns that Amanda has become Jigsaw's protégé and has now taken his place. Since Earth is rather large, it is not immediately obvious to the naked eye viewing from the surface that it is an oblate spheroid, bulging slightly at the equator and slightly flattened at the poles. When Matthews wakes up, he finds an audio cassette player lying next to him. In Norse mythology, the Earth goddess Jord was the mother of Thor and the daughter of Annar. He had been there already when the SWAT team came into the building and found Jigsaw, two hours earlier; had Matthews followed the rules to Jigsaw's "game", he would have found his son "in a safe, secure place" just as Jigsaw had told him. As the patroness of fertility, her element is Earth.

The timer in the room at Wilson Steel expires and a safe across the room opens to reveal Daniel, wearing an oxygen mask, weary but alive. The Chinese Earth goddess Hu-Tu is similar to Gaia, the deification of the Earth. The attacker removes the mask, it is Amanda. Earth has often been personified as a deity, in particular a goddess (see Gaia and Mother Earth). Matthews drops to the floor. The United Nations is primarily an international discussion forum with only limited ability to pass and enforce laws. He approaches cautiously, but the person inside, wearing the same animal mask from the first film, leaps up and stabs him in the leg with a syringe. There is a worldwide general international organization, the United Nations.

Matthews gets into the darkened bathroom, and sees someone lying in the bathtub. Independent sovereign nations claim all of the land surface except for some segments of Antarctica. A shot of a syringe here explains how Daniel has survived the exposure to gas. Earth does not have a sovereign government with planet-wide authority. Meanwhile Detective Matthews enters through a back door, finds the open trapdoor and goes down to search for Daniel. There are 267 administrative divisions, including nations, dependent areas, other, and miscellaneous entries. We now know how Jigsaw was able to say 'I haven't looked at the monitors for a while but I assume [Daniel] is still sitting in a corner...'. The southernmost is the Amundsen-Scott South Pole Station, in Antarctica, almost exactly at the South Pole.

For Kerry and the movie audience it turns out that, as mentioned above, the images on the monitors, shown in the movie in parallel with the events filmed by the video cameras, were not a live feed, but were showing a recording of earlier events, and that the broadcast location where the SWAT team has arrived is not the location where the events have taken place. The northernmost settlement in the world is Alert, Ellesmere Island, Canada. While the SWAT team enters what they and Kerry assume to be the same house, Kerry is watching the monitors, confused that the cameras aren't showing them in the house. See also space colonization. He moves in to kill Amanda, Daniel suddenly jumps forward, crushing Xavier's ankle and, using the hacksaw from the first movie, slits Xavier's throat, killing him. Out of those only twelve humans have ever walked on a world other than Earth: the men of Apollo 11, 12, 14, 15, 16 and 17, who walked on the Moon between 1969 and 1972. Xavier, now insane from the poison, takes his knife and slices a section of skin off the back of his neck. In total, about 400 people have been outside Earth (in space) as of 2004.

Amanda tells Xavier that Daniel is dead and that if he kills her, he won't be able to find out the number on his own neck. During the exchange there are more, and sometimes others are also traveling briefly above the atmosphere. Lawrence Gordon's severed foot are still there, in a state of advanced decay and covered with fungus and mold. The station crew is replaced with new personnel every six months. The bodies of Adam and Zep, and Dr. Two humans are presently in orbit around Earth on board the International Space Station. He follows them, cornering them in the infamous bathroom from the first movie. Coastal areas constitute the highest density.

They go through the hatch just as Xavier breaks through. It is estimated that only 1/8th of the surface of the Earth is suitable for humans to live on - 3/4 is covered by oceans, and half of the landmass is unsuitable, being desert, high mountain, etc. Amanda pushes aside the safe, revealing a trap door underneath. Nearly all humans currently reside on Earth: 6,411,000,000 inhabitants (January 5, 2005 est.). Amanda and Daniel retreat to the first room as Xavier tries breaking through the door to get at them. Most of the growth is expected to take place in developing nations. He finds the dead bodies of the victims littered throughout the rooms. On 25 February 2005 the United Nations Population Division issued revised estimates and projected that the world's population will reach 7 billion by 2013 and swell to 9.1 billion in 2050.

Matthews gets inside, still believing that the video images were live. Long-term climate alteration due to enhancement of the greenhouse effect by human industrial carbon dioxide emissions is an increasing concern, the focus of intense study and debate. Jigsaw gives Matthews the key to get inside. Large areas are subject to man-made pollution of the air and water, acid rain and toxic substances, loss of vegetation (overgrazing, deforestation, desertification), loss of wildlife, species extinction, soil degradation, soil depletion, erosion, and introduction of invasive species. Jigsaw shows Matthews the house in which the events has taken place. Many places are subject to earthquakes, landslides, tsunamis, volcanic eruptions, tornadoes, sinkholes, floods, droughts, and other calamities and disasters. Almost immediately after this, the police finally locate the broadcast location of the video feed and take off for that location. Large areas are subject to extreme weather such as (tropical cyclones), hurricanes, or typhoons that dominate life in those areas.

Without telling his team, Matthews leaves with Jigsaw in his van. Irrigated land: 2,481,250 km² (1993 est.). Xavier reads her number and leaves her to die in the contraption. The exploitation of non-renewable resources by human civilization has become a subject of significant controversy in modern environmentalism movements. She discovers too late that the blades are arranged similar to a Chinese finger trap, preventing her from removing her arms once inside; the edges dig deeper into her flesh the harder she pulls. Some of these resources, such as mineral fuels, are difficult to replenish on a short time scale, called non-renewable resources. On the underside of the box are two holes just wide enough to put one's arms through, once pushed past the blades covering them. Elevation extremes: (measured relative to sea level).

While pursuing Amanda and Daniel, Xavier comes across Addison who has fallen victim to another of Jigsaw's contraptions - a glass box suspended from the ceiling that contains an antidote. Ocean currents, particularly the spectacular thermohaline circulation which distributes heat energy from the equatorial oceans to the polar regions, are important determinators of climate. She goes back to rescue Daniel. Precipitation patterns vary widely, ranging from several metres of water per year to less than a millimetre. Amanda finds Jonas's body and realizes Xavier means to kill them all. Two large areas of polar climates separated by two rather narrow temperate zones from a wide equatorial band of tropical to subtropical climates. The effects of the toxin are starting to become more severe, and Laura succumbs to the nerve gas. Terrestrial biomes lying within the Arctic and Antarctic Circles are relatively barren of plant and animal life, while most of the more populous biomes lie near the Equator.

Addison finds a picture concealing a photo of Daniel and Matthews together, marked "Father and son"; this may make the others hate Daniel for being the son of the cop who framed them all. On land, biomes are separated primarily by latitude. He kills Jonas by hitting his head with a club with large nails sticking out, and then goes after the others. The biosphere is divided into a number of biomes, inhabited by broadly similar flora and fauna. These numbers are supposed to be the combination to the safe in the first room which holds an antidote. This biosphere is generally believed to have begun evolving about 3.5 billion (3.5×10⁹) years ago. The different colors represent colors of the rainbow and putting them in the order of the rainbow will unlock the safe. The planet's lifeforms are sometimes said to form a "biosphere".

It's in the back of all your minds.". Earth is the only place in the universe where life is absolutely known to exist, and some scientists believe that biospheres might be rare. In the house, for the movie audience seemingly meanwhile, Xavier has snapped and is trying the kill his fellow captives to retrieve the different colored numbers written on the back of their necks (the answer to Jigsaw's cryptic clue "You all possess the combination. Maritime claims: see United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea. Savagely beaten and battered by Matthews, Jigsaw utters his "Game over," catchphrase and finally agrees to take Matthews to the house, but only if he can take him alone. Coastline: 356,000 km. After growing tired of listening to Jigsaw and helplessly watching one captive after another die while the timer runs down, Matthews finally snaps and unleashes his rage on the old man. Land boundaries: the land boundaries in the world total 251,480 km (not counting shared boundaries twice).

Daniel helps Amanda out of the pit. Area:. The door's timer expires, sealing the door forever. Continents, Oceans. He races to the lock but fumbles with it. Biggest geographic subdivision. Stabbed with dozens of needles, Amanda finally finds it and gives it to Xavier. Time Zones, Coordinates.

Xavier grabs Amanda and throws her into the pit, yelling at her to dig through them to find the key. Map references:. The message says a key is in the pit that will open a door concealing another antidote. Earth also has at least one co-orbital asteroid, 3753 Cruithne. Daniel pulls back a sheet to reveal a pit full of syringes. This hypothesis explains (among other things) the Moon's relative lack of iron and volatile elements, and the fact that its composition is nearly identical to that of the Earth's crust. On the tape, Jigsaw condemns him for his life as a drug pusher and states that if he wants to escape, he must wallow in the filth that he made others wallow in. The most widely accepted theory of the Moon's origin, the giant impact theory, states that it was formed from the collision of a Mars-size protoplanet with the early Earth.

Forcing open a door into another room, the captives find another tape, this one marked for Xavier. This allows total eclipses and annular eclipses to occur on Earth. Henceforth, Jigsaw resolved to test the human ability to overcome great suffering in order to save his or her life. The Moon is just far enough away to have, when seen from Earth, very nearly the same apparent angular size as the Sun (the Sun is 400 times larger, but the Moon is 400 times closer). However, Jigsaw survived the suicide attempt, despite severe injuries. This remains a controversial subject, however, and further studies of Mars—which shares Earth's rotation period and axial tilt, but not its large moon or liquid core—may provide additional insight. Through a series of flashbacks, Jigsaw is revealed to be a terminal cancer patient, who attempted suicide by driving his car of a cliff. Planetary scientists who have studied the effect claim that this might kill all large animal and higher plant life.

Matthews is on the verge of cracking, but decided he has no other choice but to hear Jigsaw out. One pole would be pointed directly toward the Sun during summer and directly away during winter. All the while, the timer is ticking away in the room with the monitors. If Earth's axis of rotation were to approach the plane of the ecliptic, extremely severe weather could result, as this would make seasonal differences extreme. The game is simple, he just has to sit with Jigsaw--by himself--and listen to what he has to say. Some theorists believe that, without this stabilization against the torques applied by the Sun and planets to the Earth's equatorial bulge, the rotational axis might be chaotically unstable, as it appears to be with Mars. The Jigsaw killer insists that Matthews has to play a game to save his son. Paleontological evidence and computer simulations show that Earth's axial tilt is stabilised by tidal interactions with the Moon.

Obi is burned to death before they can get him out, and both antidotes are lost. The Moon may dramatically affect the development of life by taming the weather. Obi climbs inside to retrieve them, the door closes and the furnace ignites. As the Moon orbits Earth, different parts of its face are illuminated by the Sun, leading to the lunar phases: The dark part of the face is separated from the light part by the solar terminator. Laura finds another door which leads to the basement, with another tape marked for Obi which reveals how he had assisted Jigsaw to get the others in the house and explaining that there are two antidote syringes inside a large furnace in the room. As a result, it always presents the same face to the planet. The terrified captives begin to explore the house. The same effect on the Moon has led to its tidal locking: Its rotation period is the same as the time it takes to orbit the Earth.

Amanda reveals to the others that she has had to play one of Jigsaw's games before, and pleads with them that they have to follow his "rules". The gravitational attraction between the Earth and Moon cause the tides on Earth. The gun discharges into Gus's eye, killing him. The natural satellites orbiting other planets are called "moons", after Earth's Moon. The lock is rigged to fire a gun pointing directly at the eyehole. With the exception of Pluto's Charon, it is the largest moon in the Solar system relative to the size of its planet. The key has a note warning them not to use it to open the door in the room, but Xavier ignores the message, and turns the key in the lock while Gus looks through the eyehole. The Moon, sometimes called 'Luna', is a relatively large terrestrial planet-like satellite, whose diameter is about one-quarter of the Earth's.

Amanda, (a survivor from the original film) breaks through a loose section of a brick wall in the room they found themselves in, and finds a key and a tape recorder containing a taped message from Jigsaw explaining their predicament: they have been exposed to a deadly toxic nerve gas (specifically sarin, which Jigsaw himself references as having been used in the real-life gas attack on the Tokyo Subway) and will die within 2 hours unless they find the antidotes that are hidden around the house (they are given the clue that they all have the combination to the safe in the back of their mind, and that the combination can be found "over the rainbow").
. The story switches to the captives in the house. The Earth is sometimes referred to as the Third Planet from the Sun because, of the nine planets of our solar system, Earth is the third closest planet to the sun. The police also believe this. For other eras, see precession and Milankovitch cycles. However, by showing those images in parallel with the events filmed by the video cameras, the movie suggests that it is a live video feed. In modern times, Earth's perihelion is always about January 3, and aphelion is about July 4 (near the winter and summer solstices, which are on about December 21 and June 21, respectively).

The images on the monitors are not a live feed, but are showing a recording of earlier events. Also, the rotational velocity varies, a phenomenon known as length of day variation. He later notices that all other seven are people he has framed for crimes they did not commit. The polar motion is quasi-periodic, containing an annual component and a component with a 14-month period called the Chandler wobble. On one of the monitors, Matthews sees a room with eight people forced to play Jigsaw's latest game; among them is Matthews's own son, Daniel. In a reference frame attached to the solid body of the Earth, its rotation is also slightly irregular due to polar motion. As they start to take him away, he directs Matthews and the others to an adjoining room, which contains several monitors showing various rooms of a house, along with an electronic timer counting down from 2 hours. These motions are caused by the differential attraction of Sun and Moon on the Earth's equatorial bulge, due to its oblateness.

Very ill due to his advanced stage cancer, he offers no further resistance as the SWAT team handcuffs him. In an inertial reference frame, the Earth's axis undergoes a slow precessional motion with a period of some 25,800 years, as well as a nutation with a main period of 18.6 years. After some of the accompanying SWAT team fall prey to one of Jigsaw's booby traps, they find Jigsaw. The Hill sphere (sphere of influence) of the Earth is about 1.5 Gm (930 thousand miles) in radius, within which one natural satellite (the Moon) comfortably orbits. After his initial reluctance, his former partner, Kerry, finally convinces him to join the team entering the building to arrest Jigsaw. The orbital and axial planes are not precisely aligned: Earth's axis is tilted some 23.5 degrees against the Earth-Sun plane (which causes the seasons); and the Earth-Moon plane is tilted about 5 degrees against the Earth-Sun plane (otherwise there would be an eclipse every month). Detective Matthews is called to the scene, as the deceased was his informant, and discovers a message scrawled on the ceiling which reads, "Look Closer, Detective Matthews." Matthews spots an engraving on the metal contraption, and believes he knows where Jigsaw is - the Wilson Steel building. Viewed from Earth's north pole, the motion of Earth, its moon and their axial rotations are all counterclockwise.

The terrified man fails to extract the key in time and is killed. When combined with the Earth-Moon system's common revolution around the Sun, the period of the synodic month, from new moon to new moon, is 29.53 days. As he gets up from the chair, he triggers a timer built into the device. Earth has one natural satellite, the Moon, which revolves with the Earth around a common barycenter, from fixed star to fixed star, every 27.32 days. A scalpel has been left for the man to carve the key out from his eye socket, if he chooses to do so. The orbital speed of the Earth averages about 30 km/s (108,000 km/h), which is enough to cover one Earth diameter (~12,700 km) in 7 minutes, and one distance to the Moon (384,000 km) in 4 hours. The TV cuts to the man lying on an operating table with a shadowy figure standing over him, as Jigsaw tells him (and an x-ray photo confirms) that the key to unlock the device has been implanted behind his eye. From Earth, this gives an apparent movement of the Sun with respect to the stars at a rate of about 1 °/day, i.e., a Sun or Moon diameter every 12 hours, eastward.

When the timer goes off, the device will snap closed, impaling the man's head with several sharp nails lining the inside of the device (like an iron maiden). Earth orbits the Sun every 365.2564 mean solar days (1 sidereal year). Jigsaw's recorded message tells the man that as punishment for being a police informant, spying upon and betraying others, and for not appreciating life, he has to play Jigsaw's "game". From Earth the main apparent motion of celestial bodies in the sky (except meteors which are within the atmosphere and low-orbiting satellites) is the movement to the west at a rate of 15 °/h = 15'/min, i.e., a Sun or Moon diameter every two minutes. A nearby TV turns on, showing the familiar "clown" figure Jigsaw employed in the first film. It takes the Earth 23 hours, 56 minutes and 4.091 seconds (1 sidereal day) to rotate around the axis connecting the north pole and the south pole. A device is secured around his neck.
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The film starts off with a man waking up alone, seated in a chair in a grungy, sealed room. The geologic component layers of the Earth are located at the following depths below surface:.
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. Darren Lynn Bousman took over the directing duties of the film, and also co-wrote the story's script with Leigh Whannell, the original film's co-writer.
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It was released in most parts of the world on October 28, 2005, but not released in Australia until November 17, 2005. The biosphere is a tiny layer in this composition and is usually not considered part of the physical layers of the Earth. Saw II is the sequel to the 2004 horror/splatter/thriller film Saw. Its components are the atmosphere, the hydrosphere, the crust, the mantle, and its core. Made for only $4 million, Saw 2 grossed over $116 million worldwide, which includes $87 million in the United States. The Earth consists of several atmospheric, hydrologic, and mainly geologic layers. One of the posters for the upcoming Scary Movie 4 (2006) parodied the "close-up on severed fingers" poster for this film. .

Following the film's opening weekend gross of $31.5m, Lions Gate Films commissioned Saw III (which is scheduled to be released on October 27, 2006). Although a link to such Indo-European languages has not been proved, several Semitic languages have similar-sounding words for Earth: aard in Arabic, irtsitu in Akkadian, araa in Aramaic, erets in Phoenician (which appears in the Mesha Stele), and ארץ (arets, or erets when followed by a noun modifier) in Hebrew. The entire movie was shot in 25 days. tierra in Spanish). The whole film was shot in one building. Taking into account metathesis, we can find cognates of the word Earth in the Latin terra and in the modern Romance languages (i.e. The original poster was used for most other countries, however. It is derived from Old English eorðe.

A new poster was produced, still using the fingers but not explicitly showing that they're severed. The root also has cognates in extinct languages such as ertha in Old Saxon and ert (meaning 'ground') in Middle Irish. In August 2005, the MPAA rejected the poster for Saw II which used two severed fingers to resemble "II" in the movie's title. Examples in modern tongues include aarde in Dutch, Erde in German and arde in Arabic. Tagline: Oh yes...there will be blood.. The English word Earth has cognates in many modern as well as defunct - including ancient - languages. Donnie Wahlberg as Erick Matthews. Besides words derived from Terra, such as terrestrial, terms that refer to the Earth include tellur- (telluric, tellurion, from the goddess Terra's alternate name, Tellūs) and geo- (geography, geocentric, geothermal; from the Greek goddess Gaia).

Emmanuelle Vaugier as Addison. Its astronomical symbol consists of a circled cross, representing a meridian and the equator; a variant puts the cross atop the circle (Unicode: ⊕ or ♁). Shawnee Smith as Amanda. Earth is sometimes known as Terra in some languages, after the Roman goddess Terra. Glenn Plummer as Jonas. Scientific evidence indicates that the planet formed around 4.57 billion (4.57×10⁹) years ago, and shortly thereafter (4.533 billion years ago) acquired its single natural satellite, the Moon. Tony Nappo as Gus. It is the largest of the solar system's terrestrial planets, and the only planetary body that modern science confirms as harboring life.

Beverley Mitchell as Laura. Earth is the third planet from the Sun. Dina Meyer as Kerry. Other: 30% (1993 est.). Erik Knudsen as Daniel Matthews. Urban areas: 1.5%. Franky G as Xavier. Forests and woodland: 32%.

John Fallon as Video Techie. Permanent pastures: 26%. Tim Burd as Obi. Permanent crops: 1%. Tobin Bell as John/Jigsaw. Arable land: 10%. The land-based ecosystem depends upon topsoil and fresh water, and the oceanic ecosystem depends upon dissolved nutrients washed down from the land.

Earth's biosphere produces many useful biological products, including (but far from limited to) food, wood, pharmaceuticals, oxygen, and the recycling of many organic wastes. These ore bodies form concentrated sources for many metals and other useful elements. Mineral ore bodies have been formed in Earth's crust by the action of erosion and plate tectonics. These deposits are used by humans both for energy production and as feedstock for chemical production.

Earth's crust contains large deposits of fossil fuels: (coal, petroleum, natural gas, methane clathrate). Highest point: Mount Everest 8,844 m (2005 est.). Lowest point overall: Mariana Trench in the Pacific Ocean −10,924 m [1]. Lowest point on land: Dead Sea −417 m.

42 nations and other areas are completely landlocked (see list of landlocked countries). Note: boundary situations with neighboring states prevent many countries from extending their fishing or economic zones to a full 200 nautical miles (370.4 km). Territorial sea: 12 nautical miles (22.2 km) claimed by most, but can vary. Exclusive economic zone: 200 nautical miles (370.4 km) claimed by most, but can vary.

Exclusive fishing zone: 200 nautical miles (370.4 km) claimed by most, but can vary. Continental shelf: 200 m depth claimed by most or to depth of exploitation; others claim 200 nautical miles (370.4 km) or to the edge of the continental margin. Contiguous zone: 24 nautical miles (44.4 km) claimed by most, but can vary. Note: 70.8 % of the world's surface is covered by water, 29.2 % is exposed land.

Water: 361.132 million km². land: 148.94 million km². Total: 510.073 million km². 5100 to 6378 km - Inner Core.

2890 to 5100 km - Outer Core. 100 to 700 km - Asthenosphere. 35 to 2890 km - Mantle