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San Francisco, California

Nickname: "The City by the Bay"
Motto: "'"
Official website: http://www.ci.sf.ca.us
Location


Location of the City and County of San Francisco, California

Government
Metropolitan Municipality San Francisco
Mayor Gavin Newsom
Geographical characteristics
Area
Total 600.7 km²
Land 121.0 km²
Water 479.7 km²
Population
Total (2004) 744,230
Metro area 7,533,384
Density 6212.25/km²
Latitude {{{latitude}}}
Longitude {{{longitude}}}
Coordinates 37°46′0″ N
122°26′0″ W
Elevation 19.2 m
Time zone Pacific Standard Time Zone (UTC-8)
Summer (DST) Pacific Daylight Time (UTC-7)

The City and County of San Francisco (2004 estimated population 744,230) is the fourth-largest city in the U.S. state of California.

A consolidated city-county, mainland San Francisco is located on the tip of the San Francisco Peninsula. Insular San Francisco includes several islands in the San Francisco Bay and the Golden Gate Strait, notably Alcatraz, Treasure Island, and the Farallon Islands 27 miles offshore in the Pacific Ocean and also most of the privately owned Red Rock Island near the Richmond-San Rafael Bridge. (See Islands of San Francisco Bay)

The city is a focal point of the San Francisco Bay Area, and forms part of the greater San Jose-San Francisco-Oakland Combined Statistical Area (CSA), whose population is over 7 million. U.S. census data show that San Francisco has the highest population density of any major U.S. city aside from New York City.

The first Europeans to settle in San Francisco were the Spanish, in 1776. With the advent of the California gold rush in 1848, and the Comstock Lode and silver mines in 1859, the city entered a period of rapid growth.

Devastated by the 1906 San Francisco earthquake, the city was quickly rebuilt. The phoenix on the city's flag represents San Francisco's "rebirth" from the ashes of the fire that resulted from the quake. Long enjoying a bohemian reputation the city became a counterculture magnet in the second half of the 20th century. It was a center of the dot-com boom and the explosive growth of the Internet at the end of the century.

San Francisco has unique characteristics when compared to other major cities in the U.S., including its steep rolling hills, an eclectic mix of architecture including both Victorian style houses and modern skyscrapers, and natural beauty, surrounded by the Pacific Ocean and San Francisco Bay. San Francisco's famous hallmarks include its cable cars and the Golden Gate Bridge, which are recognized worldwide.

History

Native Americans inhabited the San Francisco Bay Area at least 10,000 years ago; the most recent inhabitants prior to European settlement were the Yelamu. By the middle of the 19th century, disease and warfare with European settlers had virtually wiped out the indigenous tribes.

The first European to reach the San Francisco Bay was the Spanish explorer Don Gaspar de Portolà,in 1770. The first Spanish mission, Mission San Francisco de Asis, was established six years later. A small military fort was also established in what is now the Presidio and on Alcatraz island in the bay, as well as a small village called Yerba Buena. Though Spain held the port until the Mexican revolution, there was also British settlement in the form of fur trading settlements in the area from 1792 onward following a visit from explorer George Vancouver (the earlier English explorer Sir Francis Drake had missed San Francisco entirely, due to the bay's characteristic foggy weather). Russians also coexisted with the Europeans, having colonized Northern California as far south as Fort Ross in Sonoma County.

The area fell into Mexican hands following its independence and fell into isolation. It was during this period that increased American and European settlement increased. The United States claimed the city on January 30, 1847, during the Mexican-American War. At that point, despite its useful location as a port and naval base, San Francisco was still a small settlement with inhospitable geography. But a year later, the California gold rush brought a wave of migration and immigration, raising the population from 1,000 to 25,000 by December 1849. The railroad, banking, and mining industries became major economic forces in the city. San Francisco became a county when California became a U.S. state in 1850 as it breifly served as its state capital before it moved to San Jose and eventually its permanent home in Sacramento. The county originally included what is now San Mateo County.

The influx of Chinese workers created a sizable Chinatown district, and Chinese Americans remain one of the city's largest ethnic groups. Hostility toward immigrants contributed to lynchings and race riots in the 1850s, and to the Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882, which drastically restricted immigration from China until 1943.

The 1906 San Francisco earthquake, and the fires that followed it (burning out of control due to the loss of water supply), destroyed approximately 80% of the city, including almost all of the downtown core. At least 3,000 died, while refugees settled temporarily in Golden Gate Park and in undeveloped areas.

The opening of the San Francisco-Oakland Bay Bridge and the Golden Gate Bridge in 1936 and 1937 made the city more accessible, and its population grew faster in the 1940s due to its importance as a military base in World War II. Urban planning projects in the 1950s further transformed the city, tearing down and redeveloping many neighborhoods and introducing major freeways.

In the second half of the 20th century, San Francisco became a magnet for America's counterculture, drawing artists, Beat Generation writers, rock musicians and hippies. It also became a center of the Gay Liberation movement; San Francisco has a higher percentage of gay men and lesbians than any other major U.S. city.

The 1989 Loma Prieta earthquake caused significant destruction and loss of life throughout the Bay Area. In San Francisco, the quake severely damaged many of the city's freeways, as well as the Marina District and the South of Market.

A further wave of economic expansion and physical development began in the 1980s, with a boom in construction of skyscrapers and high-rise apartments that some referred to as "Manhattanization". During the dot-com boom of the 1990s, large numbers of entrepreneurs and computer software professionals moved into the city, followed by marketing and sales professionals, and changed the social landscape as once poorer neighborhoods became gentrified; the boom was over by 2001. When the dot-com bubble burst, it had a major impact on the city's employment and venture-capital markets, but housing has remained expensive. High technology continues to be a mainstay of San Francisco's economy in the early 21st century.

Homelessness has been a controversial and chronic problem for San Francisco for many years. The city has the highest number of homeless inhabitants per capita of any major city in the United States. The problem is a source of much discussion, and has become a significant factor in the politics of the city, most importantly in the mayoral campaigns of Frank Jordan and Gavin Newsom.

Geography and climate

San Francisco and northern San Mateo County, from NASA Landsat 7

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city and county has a total area of 231.9 mi² (600.7 km²). 46.7 mi² (120.9 km²) of it is land and 185.2 mi² (479.7 km²) of it is water. The total area is 79.86% water. The city proper is often reputed to be roughly a seven mile square, and in fact is only slightly smaller.

The geographical center of the city is on the east side of Grandview Avenue between Alvarado and Twenty-third Streets.

San Francisco is famous for its hills. A "hill" in San Francisco is an elevation that is over 100 ft (30 m). There are a total of 42 hills within city limits. Some of these hills are neighborhoods such as Nob Hill, Pacific Heights, Russian Hill, and Telegraph Hill, while some of these hills are public parks and open space such as Twin Peaks, Mount Sutro, Mount Davidson, and Buena Vista Park.

Near the geographic center of the city and away from the downtown area are a series of less populated hills. Dominating this area is Mount Sutro, which is the site of Sutro Tower, a large red and white radio transmission tower, that is a well known landmark to city residents. Nearby are the equally well known Twin Peaks, which are a pair of hills resting at one of the city's highest points. About 1 mile (1.2km) south of Mount Sutro is San Francisco's highest mountain, Mount Davidson, which is over over 925 feet (282 meters) high. On top of Mount Davidson is a 103 foot (31.4 meter) tall cross built in 1934.

San Francisco lies near the San Andreas Fault and Hayward Fault, two major sources of earthquake activity in California. The most serious earthquake, in 1906, is mentioned above. Earlier significant quakes rocked the city in 1851, 1858, 1865, and 1868. The Daly City Earthquake of 1957 caused some damage. The Loma Prieta earthquake of 1989, which also did significant damage to parts of the city, is also famous for having interrupted a World Series baseball game between the Bay Area's two Major League Baseball teams, the San Francisco Giants and the Oakland Athletics.

The threat of another major earthquake like the 1906 one plays a major role in the city's infrastructure development. New buildings must be built to very high structural standards, while many dollars must be spent to retrofit the city's older buildings and bridges.

Entire neighborhoods of the city such as the Marina and Hunters Point were created and sit on man made landfill (made up of mud, sand, and rubble from past earthquakes) and other reclamation projects over the San Francisco Bay when flatland became scarce. Such land is extremely unstable during earthquakes; the resultant liquefaction during earthquakes causes extensive damage to property built upon it, as was evidenced in the Marina district during the 1989 Loma Prieta Earthquake.

The most impressive example of an "infill neighborhood" is Treasure Island. It was constructed from material dredged from the bay as well as material resulting from tunnelling through Yerba Buena Island in the construction of the Bay Bridge. It was a site for the 1939 San Francisco World's Fair, and it was originally envisioned that Treasure Island would serve as the site for San Francisco's municipal airport, but it became a Navy base at the start of World War II. In 1997 Treasure Island was returned to the city and it provides a unique vantage point to view the San Francisco skyline.

Downtown San Francisco and Russian Hill as seen from Alcatraz.

Climate

San Francisco's famous fog and Golden Gate Bridge.

Surrounded on three sides by water, San Francisco's climate is strongly influenced by the cool currents of the Pacific Ocean. The weather is remarkably cool all year round, characterized by often foggy summers and rainy winters; average daily high temperatures in the summer typically range from 60 - 75° F (15 to 24° C), while in the winter it hovers between 50° - 60° F (10° C to 15° C) during the day but can, on a very cold day, fall to between 41° F (5° C) and freezing at night, although during nearly all winters no temperatures at or below freezing are recorded in most parts of the city. Rain in the summer is extremely rare, but winters can be very rainy. Snowfall is extraordinarily rare [1]. The Pacific Ocean off the west coast of the city is particularly cold year round with the ocean temperature at about 50° F (10° C) throughout the year. The combination of cold ocean water and the high heat of the California mainland creates the city's characteristic foggy weather that can cover the western half of the city in fog all day during the summer and early fall, as well as cover the rest of the San Francisco metropolitan area as far as 35-50 miles inland (the fog often burns off during the day at inland locations). Thus, summer temperatures in San Francisco are significantly lower than in inland locations of the Bay Area and parts of inland California such as the Central Valley, where temperatures regularly top 104° F (40° C) in the summer. The fog is less pronounced during the late spring and during the months of September and October, which are generally the warmest, most summer-like months of the year in San Francisco.

Even within the city itself there are distinct microclimates, generally much more differentiated in the summer than in the winter. In the summer months it will regularly be very foggy and cool in the Sunset District in the western half of San Francisco at the same time that it is sunny and at least 10° F warmer downtown or in the bayside neighborhood of Hunters Point.

In January, morning lows average 46° F (8° C) and afternoon highs average 58° F (14° C). In September (the warmest month), lows average 56° F (13° C) and highs average 71° F (22° C). San Francisco receives an average of 19.97 in (507.3 mm) of precipitation annually, 85% of which falls between November and March. May through September are almost completely free of precipitation.

Neighborhoods in San Francisco

An intersection of Chinatown in San Francisco.

San Francisco has a Japantown and Chinatown; both are among the largest and oldest in the US. It also boasts a budding Vietnamese community in the Tenderloin neighborhood, Filipinos in Crocker-Amazon and South of Market, an Italian community in North Beach, a French Quarter, and Irish, Chinese, and Russian communities in the Richmond District.

The predominantly Hispanic Mission District is the oldest neighborhood in the city, being the site of Mission Dolores, established in 1776. Russian Hill is a residential neighborhood most famous for Lombard Street "the crookedest street in the world". Haight-Ashbury gained prominence during the "Summer of Love" 1960s for its counter-culture and concentration of hippies. The Castro neighborhood has the world's highest concentration of homosexuals. In addition to the predominantly gay Castro, there are significant concentrations of gays in Noe Valley, Diamond Heights, Bernal Heights, Potrero Hill, Haight-Ashbury, Hayes Valley, and SOMA. (See The Castro for more gay demographics.)

Victorian houses ("Painted Ladies") at Alamo Square

Not to be missed are the beautiful homes and area of the city known as Pacific Heights as well as victorians in the Haight-Ashbury and the "painted ladies" of Alamo Square and the Castro. San Francisco is also famous for its Cable cars (narrow gauge, 3'6" (1067 mm)), which were designed to carry residents up those steep hills. It is still possible to take a cable car ride up and down Nob and Russian Hills. Along with New Orleans' streetcars, San Francisco's cable cars are one of only two mobile United States National Monuments. Coit Tower, a notable landmark dedicated to San Francisco's firefighters, is located at the top of Telegraph Hill.

Current demographic and land use expansion is concentrated in the east and south. The South of Market neighborhood was an epicenter of the dot-com boom of the late 1990s. A new neighborhood, Mission Bay, is being redeveloped from an industrial area at the far eastern end of South of Market. The cornerstones of this development are the SBC Park baseball stadium and an extension of the University of California, San Francisco medical school.

Parks

The best-known, as well as biggest, park is Golden Gate Park which is 174 acres larger than New York's Central Park. Another notable park is The Presidio at the south edge of the Golden Gate. The Presidio is part of the Golden Gate National Recreation Area, which includes Alcatraz, and many other large local parks. Buena Vista Park located in the Haight-Ashbury, is the city's oldest, established in 1867, nearby Alamo Square is famous for its views of the city and the famous Victorian houses known as the Painted Ladies. A large fresh-water lake, Lake Merced, is located in the south west corner of the city near San Francisco State University and Fort Funston.

San Francisco also contains many public beaches, the most notable being Baker Beach and Ocean Beach.

Demographics

Population of Asians in San Francisco. Note the large Asian population in the Sunset District, Richmond District, and in Chinatown.

As of the censusGR2 of 2000, there are 776,733 people, 329,700 households, and 145,068 families residing in the city. The population density is 6,423.2/km² (16,634.4/mi²), making it the second densest city of 500,000 or more, as well as the fifth densest county, in the country [3]. . There are 346,527 housing units at an average density of 2,865.6/km² (7,421.2/mi²). The racial makeup of the city is 49.66% White, 7.79% African American, 0.45% Native American, 30.84% Asian, 0.49% Pacific Islander, 6.48% from other races, and 4.28% from two or more races. 14.10% of the population are Hispanic or Latino of any race. The ethnic makeup is 19.6% Chinese, 8.8% Irish, 7.7% German, and 6.1% English. San Francisco has the largest Chinese population in America and the largest Asian population outside of Hawaii. The City has the highest percentage of gay families (as well as a large numbers of single gay people) of any American county or large city. Gay men outnumber lesbians, who are more concentrated in the suburban East Bay.

There are 329,700 households out of which 16.6% have children under the age of 18 living with them, 31.6% are married couples living together, 8.9% have a female head of household with no husband present, and 56.0% are non-families. 38.6% of all households are made up of individuals and 9.8% have someone living alone who is 65 years of age or older. The average household size is 2.30 and the average family size is 3.22. San Francisco has fewer children, in proportion to the population as a whole, than any other large city in the United States.

In the city the population is spread out with 14.5% under the age of 18, 9.1% from 18 to 24, 40.5% from 25 to 44, 22.3% from 45 to 64, and 13.7% who are 65 years of age or older. The median age is 36 years. For every 100 females there are 103.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there are 103.1 males.

The median income for a household in the city is $55,221, and the median income for a family is $63,545 one of the highest in the United States at 15th place overall and 3rd in a single large city. Males have a median income of $46,260 versus $40,049 for females. The per capita income for the city is $34,556 which is ranked as the 19th highest in the country. 11.3% of the population and 7.8% of families are below the poverty line. Out of the total population, 13.5% of those under the age of 18 and 10.5% of those 65 and older are living below the poverty line.

Government and politics

As the official name implies, the City and County San Francisco is a metropolitan municipality, being simultaneously a charter city and charter county with a consolidated government. It is the only metropolitan municipality in California and the only California county with a mayor who is also the county executive. San Francisco is the only California city with a board of supervisors, which is also the city council.

San Francisco's unique status also makes it a municipal corporation and an administrative division of the state. It is in the latter capacity that San Francisco exercises jurisdiction over property that would otherwise be located outside of its corporation limit. San Francisco International Airport, for example, would be located within San Mateo County but for the fact it is owned and operated by the City and County of San Francisco. Because counties are administrative divisions of the state, it is legally impossible for two counties to occupy or exercise jurisdiction over the same piece of land. Thus, the airport, which is about 15 miles south of mainland San Francisco, is legally part of San Francisco because the municipality owns it.

San Francisco exercises jurisdiction over the Hetch Hetchy Valley and watershed, in Yosemite National Park, pursuant to a perpetual leasehold granted by Act of Congress in 1913, the Raker Act.

Under the current charter, the Government of San Francisco is constituted of two co-equal branches - the executive or administrative branch, which is headed by the mayor and includes other city-wide elected and appointed officials, and the civil service; and the legislative branch, which is constituted of the San Francisco Board of Supervisors, which exercises general oversight over all city and county functions.

The mayor is elected every four years, in the odd-numbered year that precedes the U.S. presidential election. The current mayor is Gavin Newsom.

If the mayor dies or resigns, the President of the Board of Supervisors assumes the office until a special election can be held.

The eleven members of the Board of Supervisors (as of January 2005) are listed in the table at right by district number[4]. The current president of the Board is Aaron Peskin, who represents District 3.

How the Board of Supervisors shall be elected has been a bone of contention in recent San Francisco history. Throughout the United States, almost all cities and counties with populations in excess of 20,000 divide the jurisdiction into electoral districts (in cities, often called "wards") to ensure proportionate representation of the whole community and to evenly distribute the community interaction workload evenly among the members of the governing body (city council, county board of supervisors, etc.) But California has always been disinclined to follow examples set by the rest of the country; and San Francisco, notwithstanding a population of 0.7 million, has been no exception.

Prior to 1977 and again from 1980 through 2000, the San Francisco Board of Supervisors was elected at-large. All candidates appeared together on the ballot. The person who received the most votes was elected President of the Board of Supervisors, and the next ten were elected to seats on the board. The first district-based elections in 1977 resulted in a radical change to the composition of the Board, including the election of Harvey Milk, only the third openly gay or lesbian individual (and the first who was male) elected to public office in the United States. Following the assassinations of Supervisor Milk and Mayor George Moscone a year later, by Supervisor Dan White who had just resigned, district elections were deemed divisive and San Francisco returned to at-large elections until the current system was implemented in 2000.

Under the current system, Supervisors are elected by district to four-year terms. The terms are staggered so that only half the board is elected every two years, thereby providing continuity. Supervisors representing odd-numbered districts (1, 3, 5, 7, 9, and 11) are elected every fourth year counted from 2000 (so, 2000, 2004, 2008, etc.). Supervisors representing even-numbered districts (2, 4, 6, 8, and 10) were elected to transitional two-year terms in 2000, thereafter to be elected every fourth year (2002, 2006, 2010, etc.).

The President of the Board of Supervisors, under the new system, is elected by the members of the Board from among their number. This is done by secret ballot, typically at the first meeting of the new session commencing after the general election.

The Mayor and members of the Board of Supervisors are subject to term limits under the San Francisco Charter. None may serve more than two consecutive terms. As part of the change to district elections, however, this provision applies to supervisors only as of the first full term of election following its implementation in 2000. Thus, Tom Ammiano, who was elected to the Board of Supervisors in 1994 and 1998 under the old system, then again in 2000 under the new system, was able to run yet again in 2004 (and won).

A single vote transfer system of elections was approved by the electorate and implemented in time for the 2004 general election. This system replaced the old, expensive system of run-off elections. Under this new ranked-choice system, whenever there are more than two candidates for an office, voters rank their choices in order of preference. If a candidate does not achieve a majority of votes cast when the first choice votes are counted, the candidate with the least number of votes is eliminated and the second choice votes on those ballots are tabulated and "transferred" to the remaining candidates. The process continues, as necessary, until one candidate achieves a majority of votes cast and is then declared the winner. Eyed warily by some and optimistically by others - in both cases owing to the belief that single-transfer voting might favour so-called "progressive" and "minority party" candidates over so-called "conservative" and "mainstream party" candidates - the 2004 general election results showed that belief to be unfounded, as all incumbent Supervisors were returned to office.

Vacancies on the Board of Supervisors are filled by mayoral appointment, subject to special election (except as the Charter permits an appointee to remain in office until the general election for the seat is held). A person appointed or elected to fill a vacancy of less than two years is not deemed to have served a full term for purposes of term limits, whereas a person who fills a vacancy with more than two years remaining in the term is deemed to serve a full term and will be able to run for a consecutive term only once.

The Mayor's 2005-2006 proposed budget forecasts general fund expenditures of $2.44 billion.

As the largest city on the west coast before World War I, San Francisco became and remains the legal hub for the western United States. The Ninth Circuit U.S. Court of Appeals and the Federal District Court for Northern California are headquartered in San Francisco.

The Supreme Court of California is also headquartered in San Francisco, making The City the de facto judicial capital of the state. California, along with Louisiana - its Supreme Court is in New Orleans - are the only U.S. jurisdictions whose highest court and judicial seat is not in the official state or territorial capital. The California Supreme Court also maintains branch offices in Los Angeles and Sacramento. In addition, the city is the seat of the First Appellate District of the State Courts of Appeals and the San Francisco County Superior Court.

City flag

The flag depicts a rising Phoenix, symbolic of the City's recovery from the 1906 fire. Underneath the phoenix it has a motto written in Spanish: "Oro en Paz, Fierro en Guerra," which translates into: "Gold in Peace, Iron in War."

City seal

The seal, which was adopted in the 1850s, depicts two working men, on one side a miner and on the other a sailor with a sextant. Above is a rising phoenix and behind is the bay with sailing ships. The Phoenix symbolizes the city's emergence from the ashes of several devastating fires in the early 1850's.

Economy

Because of the California gold rush, San Francisco is one of the banking and financial centers of the U.S. West Coast. It is the home of the twelfth district of the U.S. Federal Reserve as well as major production facilities for the United States Mint. The Pacific Exchange is located in the financial district. Many major American and international banks and venture capital firms have all set up their regional headquarters in the city.

Education

The city is served by San Francisco Unified School District, the Archdiocese of San Francisco's dozens of Catholic elementary and high schools, and many other private schools.

Despite its limited geographical space, San Francisco is home to a multitude of colleges and universities.

Public colleges and universities include:

Private colleges and universities:

The two most notable universities in the metropolitan area outside of the city limits are:

Culture

The Transamerica Pyramid

Some of the most notable landmarks are the Transamerica Pyramid and Golden Gate Bridge.

Contemporary life

In the years following World War II, San Francisco accelerated its transformation into a center of alternative culture and lifestyles. Movements instrumental in this change include the beat generation or beatniks, the San Francisco Renaissance in the 1950s, hippie culture, women's liberation, gay civil rights, the Summer of Love in the Haight Ashbury, the rise of a substantial punk scene in the 1970s and 1980s, and the rave culture of the 1990s. In 2004, it became the new home of the Loveparade that used to be held in Berlin.

The high concentration of gay people in the Castro and Noe Valley, coupled with the city's historical contributions to gay rights, has earned San Francisco the reputation of the "Gay Mecca". It is the world's most popular destination for gay tourists and hosts San Francisco Pride, the world's largest gay pride parade and festival, in June.

Because of its beauty, San Francisco is a favorite location for movies. The movies regarded as showing the city at its best include Bullitt, Dirty Harry, and Vertigo.

Famous fictional works set in San Francisco include The Joy Luck Club, The Maltese Falcon, and Tales of the City.

Through the years San Francisco has been the subject of popular songs, the most famous of which is arguably "I Left My Heart in San Francisco" by Tony Bennett.

Museums and performing arts

Notable San Francisco museums include the Museum of Modern Art (SFMOMA), the Palace of the Legion of Honor, the M. H. de Young Memorial Museum, and the Asian Art Museum. Other museums include the International Museum of Women, the Museum of the African Diaspora, the Contemporary Jewish Museum, the Museum of Craft & Folk Art, the Cartoon Art Museum, and the Mexican Museum.

Performing arts venues in San Francisco include the San Francisco Symphony, the San Francisco Opera and the San Francisco Ballet. San Francisco's Ballet and Opera are some of the oldest continuing performing arts companies in the United States. The city is also home to the American Conservatory Theater, also known as A.C.T., which has been a leading force in Bay Area performing arts since its founding in 1965.

In addition to professional, mainstream performing arts, San Francisco is home to the 200-member San Francisco Gay Men's Chorus, the world's first gay chorus, as well as the San Francisco Lesbian/Gay Freedom Band, the world's first gay marching band. Two additional gay choruses, the Lesbian/Gay Chorus of San Francisco and Golden Gate Men's Chorus, also perform throughout the year.

Nightlife

San Francisco also has varied nightlife ranging from bars to lounges to clubs. Major areas of nightlife in San Francisco are North Beach, the Mission District, the Marina, the Castro, and South of Market. San Francisco boasts legendary pop music venues such as The Fillmore and The Warfield.

Sports

San Francisco is the home of the San Francisco 49ers National Football League team, who play at Monster Park and the San Francisco Giants Major League Baseball team, who play at SBC Park. The Greater San Francisco Bay Area is home also to the Oakland Raiders of the National Football League and the Oakland Atheltics of Major League Baseball, whom both play in the McAfee Coliseum in Oakland, California. The South Bay is the home of the San Jose Sharks of the National Hockey League and of the San Jose Sabercats of the Arena Football League.

College sports include the USF Dons, San Francisco State Gators and the CCSF Rams. Other regional college sports teams include the Stanford Cardinal, the San Jose Spartans and the California Golden Bears. The NCAA football Emerald Bowl is held in San Francisco each December.

The city is also the home of the annual Bay to Breakers footrace, which holds the world records for greatest number of participants in a footrace (110,000 in 1986) as well as longest consecutively running footrace (annually since 1912). Records aside, the race is best known for its colorful costumes and celebratory community spirit (it was initiated after the disastrous 1906 earthquake as a way to boost the city's spirits).

The city is also home to some famous golf courses, including the Harding Park Golf Course and the courses of the Olympic Club. In 2004 San Francisco and New York City were the two finalists chosen by the U.S. Olympic committee to represent the U.S. in the International bid to host the 2012 Summer Olympic Games. Ultimately, New York won the U.S. bid but eventually lost to London to host the XXII Olympiad. However, San Francisco Bay Area Sport Officials are showing interest in yet another bid, for the 2016 games.

Transportation

Roads and highways

The Bay Bridge connects San Francisco with Oakland and the East Bay. The Golden Gate Bridge connects San Francisco with Marin County A cable car on the Powell & Market turntable. San Francisco runs a series of refurbished vintage streetcars down a major downtown thoroughfare, Market Street

Because of its unique geography —making "beltways" somewhat impractical— and the "Freeway Revolt" of the late 1950s, San Francisco is one of the few cities in the US including Boston and New York City that has opted for European style arterial thoroughfares instead of a large network of major highways.

From San Francisco, the Bay Bridge is the only direct automobile link to the East Bay. Similarly, the Golden Gate Bridge is the only direct road access to Marin County.

The major highways in San Francisco are Interstate 80 which begins at the Bay Bridge and goes eastbound; US 101 which extends Interstate 80 to the south towards Silicon Valley. Northbound, US 101 uses arterial streets, Van Ness Avenue and Lombard Street to the Golden Gate Bridge and Marin County. Interstate 280 runs from South of Market to the west, and then south towards Silicon Valley and Highway 1 or Park Presidio Blvd which bisects the westside of the city as an arterial thoroughfare.

Public transportation

San Francisco has the most extensive public transit system on the West Coast and one of the most diverse in the country.

Muni is the city-owned public transit system which operates the Muni Metro light rail system, the F Market heritage streetcar line and the famous San Francisco cable car system (see right), together with buses and trolleybuses. BART (Bay Area Rapid Transit) is the regional transit system, which connects San Francisco with the East Bay through an underwater tunnel (the Transbay Tube), and Northern San Mateo County, California communities and San Francisco International Airport on the San Francisco Peninsula.

In addition, a frequent commuter rail service, Caltrain, operates between San Francisco, San Jose, California and Gilroy, California. A small fleet of commuter ferries operate from the Embarcadero to points in Marin County, Oakland, and north to Vallejo in Solano County.

Airports

San Francisco International Airport (SFO) is located 8 miles (12.9 km) south of the city in San Mateo County on a landfill extension into the San Francisco Bay. It is the only major international hub airport in California other than LAX in Los Angeles. During the late 1990s economic boom, SFO was the sixth busiest international airport in the world, but has since fallen off of the top ten during the economic depression of 2000-2001. Rail extensions there include BART and Caltrain via BART at nearby Millbrae, California.

Other large airports in the region include Oakland International Airport (OAK), 20 miles (32.2 km) east of San Francisco and Norman Y. Mineta San Jose International Airport (SJC), 44 miles (70.8 km) southwest of San Francisco.

Seaports

Historic wharves near Fort Mason

The Port of San Francisco was once the largest and busiest seaport on the west coast, but that title is now held by the joint ports of Los Angeles and Long Beach. The advent of container shipping made San Francisco's pier based port obsolete, as much of the city's container traffic is now limited to a small port in the south-east corner of the city, or sent across the bay to the Port of Oakland. Many of the piers remained derelict for years until recently, when the port converted many of the piers to office space and sold them. Most of the port's activities are now mostly for commuter ferries that leave from the Ferry Building, cruise ship docking, and tourism. There are now plans in the works to build a major cruise ship terminal/mall similar to Pier 39 at Piers 27-31, southeast of Pier 39.

Famous San Franciscans

Many notable people have hailed from or lived in San Francisco. Some notable examples are photographers Ansel Adams and Dorothea Lange, "mother" of Modern Dance Isadora Duncan, author Armistead Maupin, and 19th century author Robert Louis Stevenson.

American football legend O.J. Simpson, baseball legend Joe DiMaggio and Olympic gold medallist and Football Hall-of-famer Ollie Matson are all sports figures with San Francisco connections.

US Supreme Court Associate Justice Stephen Breyer, former Governors of California Jerry Brown and Pat Brown, US Senator Dianne Feinstein, House Minority Leader Nancy Pelosi, former US Secretaries of Defense Robert McNamara and Caspar Weinberger, and current FBI director Robert Mueller.

San Francisco is a haven for many filmmakers and actors, both mainstream and independent. Notable artists include film directors Francis Ford Coppola, George Lucas (who recently opened up his new mega millions digital center in the Presidio), Home Alone and Harry Potter director Chris Columbus and Quills Philip Kaufman, who set his most recent film Twisted in his adopted home city. Notable actors include Robin Williams, Danny Glover, Benjamin Bratt and Cheech Marin.

Other famous San Franciscans include philanthropist Gordon Getty, publisher William Randolph Hearst, journalist Ambrose Bierce, and co-founder of Intel Corporation and the author of Moore's law, Gordon E. Moore.

Trivia

Notes

  1. ^  San Francisco Historical Snowfall. URL accessed on January 28, 2006.
  2. ^  POPULATION OF THE 100 LARGEST CITIES AND OTHER URBAN PLACES IN THE UNITED STATES: 1790 TO 1990 U.S. Bureau of the Census, Washington, D.C., June 1998. URL accessed on January 29, 2006.
  3. ^  G.I.S. Lounge U.S. Population Density, 2000 Census. URL accessed on January 29, 2006.
  4. ^  Board of Supervisors District Information. URL accessed on January 29, 2006.

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Moore. The words "Jesus" and "tai" (a Korean swear word) were also banned before, but have now been allowed. Other famous San Franciscans include philanthropist Gordon Getty, publisher William Randolph Hearst, journalist Ambrose Bierce, and co-founder of Intel Corporation and the author of Moore's law, Gordon E. In chat, players will use misspellings, replacement characters (such as "", which is displayed as "₩" in-game), or extra spaces to get around the filter for in game chat. Notable actors include Robin Williams, Danny Glover, Benjamin Bratt and Cheech Marin. Game Ids can be filtered by the Gunbound Site at registration, so no-one can use profanities in their name, though there are many people that get pass this filter and find a way to use profane words in their name. Notable artists include film directors Francis Ford Coppola, George Lucas (who recently opened up his new mega millions digital center in the Presidio), Home Alone and Harry Potter director Chris Columbus and Quills Philip Kaufman, who set his most recent film Twisted in his adopted home city. GunBound has a rudimentary profanity filter, usually only filtering some of the most common English swear-words (the word "damn", however, is not filtered) (although, amusingly, it also filters a few perfectly acceptable English terms like "suck").

San Francisco is a haven for many filmmakers and actors, both mainstream and independent. In all three variations of Sudden Death, items are deactivated when the sudden death period begins. US Supreme Court Associate Justice Stephen Breyer, former Governors of California Jerry Brown and Pat Brown, US Senator Dianne Feinstein, House Minority Leader Nancy Pelosi, former US Secretaries of Defense Robert McNamara and Caspar Weinberger, and current FBI director Robert Mueller. Each type of Sudden Death has a special effect on shots. Simpson, baseball legend Joe DiMaggio and Olympic gold medallist and Football Hall-of-famer Ollie Matson are all sports figures with San Francisco connections. Sudden Death mode activates after a set number of turns. American football legend O.J. Here is a list of the satellites in the Moon Disk:.

Some notable examples are photographers Ansel Adams and Dorothea Lange, "mother" of Modern Dance Isadora Duncan, author Armistead Maupin, and 19th century author Robert Louis Stevenson. The Moon Disk, located in the bottom left-hand corner of the screen (Or bottom right in new layout for World Championship released in November of 2005), is a series of icons known as "satellites" that affect the gameplay. Many notable people have hailed from or lived in San Francisco. In solo and tag games, players can gain new one-slot items by grabbing treasure chests dropped by defeated players. There are now plans in the works to build a major cruise ship terminal/mall similar to Pier 39 at Piers 27-31, southeast of Pier 39. Items also add extra delay to the user's shot as a price for using the item, this is commonly mistaken by new players to be a gold cost due to the fact that the delay added is labeled on the item in the bottom right hand corner (hence many new players, mistakenly, bring all "bloods" which have no delay cost, but instead require a health penalty). Most of the port's activities are now mostly for commuter ferries that leave from the Ferry Building, cruise ship docking, and tourism. These items offer a variety of benefits to the user, such as "Dual", which allows players to fire two shots in one turn.

Many of the piers remained derelict for years until recently, when the port converted many of the piers to office space and sold them. Prior to each game, powerups can be selected and equipped, with up to 6 basic items, or 3 large items. The advent of container shipping made San Francisco's pier based port obsolete, as much of the city's container traffic is now limited to a small port in the south-east corner of the city, or sent across the bay to the Port of Oakland. Explosion-type attacks do the same damage to all mobiles. The Port of San Francisco was once the largest and busiest seaport on the west coast, but that title is now held by the joint ports of Los Angeles and Long Beach. The four attack types are:. Mineta San Jose International Airport (SJC), 44 miles (70.8 km) southwest of San Francisco. Each mobile is one of three types:.

Other large airports in the region include Oakland International Airport (OAK), 20 miles (32.2 km) east of San Francisco and Norman Y. On the other hand, A.Sate requires more precision, but a well-calculated shot will yield lots of damage. Rail extensions there include BART and Caltrain via BART at nearby Millbrae, California. and Big Foot are known to make large holes in the map, which is useful for bunging. During the late 1990s economic boom, SFO was the sixth busiest international airport in the world, but has since fallen off of the top ten during the economic depression of 2000-2001. For example, J.D. It is the only major international hub airport in California other than LAX in Los Angeles. Each mobile has their strengths and weaknesses, and their modes of attack differ by their shot types.

San Francisco International Airport (SFO) is located 8 miles (12.9 km) south of the city in San Mateo County on a landfill extension into the San Francisco Bay. The chances of getting one is around (1/65). A small fleet of commuter ferries operate from the Embarcadero to points in Marin County, Oakland, and north to Vallejo in Solano County. These Mobliles are much more powerful. In addition, a frequent commuter rail service, Caltrain, operates between San Francisco, San Jose, California and Gilroy, California. In addition to the above mentioned mobiles, there is also a slight chance that you may receive one of two (or in the case of a tag mode battle, an extremely rare chance of both) unselectable mobiles. BART (Bay Area Rapid Transit) is the regional transit system, which connects San Francisco with the East Bay through an underwater tunnel (the Transbay Tube), and Northern San Mateo County, California communities and San Francisco International Airport on the San Francisco Peninsula. One may also choose the "random" feature on the mobile selection screen.

Muni is the city-owned public transit system which operates the Muni Metro light rail system, the F Market heritage streetcar line and the famous San Francisco cable car system (see right), together with buses and trolleybuses. Note: Defense reduction only applies to Hit-type attacks, meaning Hit-types such as the NakMachine will deal more damage while other mobiles will still deal the same damage. San Francisco has the most extensive public transit system on the West Coast and one of the most diverse in the country. NOTE: In Gunbound Thor's Hammer the SNIPER mode seemed to be glitched and just added power randomly, and so with the release of Gunbound World Champion, Sniper mode was removed. Interstate 280 runs from South of Market to the west, and then south towards Silicon Valley and Highway 1 or Park Presidio Blvd which bisects the westside of the city as an arterial thoroughfare. SLICE and DRAGSHOT are the two different modes of controlling shot power. Northbound, US 101 uses arterial streets, Van Ness Avenue and Lombard Street to the Golden Gate Bridge and Marin County. Delay is a considerably important factor when playing GunBound, as skillful management of delay will allow a player to take turns faster than his or her opponent.

The major highways in San Francisco are Interstate 80 which begins at the Bay Bridge and goes eastbound; US 101 which extends Interstate 80 to the south towards Silicon Valley. As with most statistics, however, it only applies to Avatar On servers. Similarly, the Golden Gate Bridge is the only direct road access to Marin County. Equipping avatars that affect either the delay stat or the item delay stat also influence the turn delay. From San Francisco, the Bay Bridge is the only direct automobile link to the East Bay. Delay that is added to the shot due to time is calculated at +10 delay per second for all bots (except Turtle, which has +12 delay per second). Because of its unique geography —making "beltways" somewhat impractical— and the "Freeway Revolt" of the late 1950s, San Francisco is one of the few cities in the US including Boston and New York City that has opted for European style arterial thoroughfares instead of a large network of major highways. In a player's turn, the timer is set for 20 seconds (failing to complete the shot within 20 seconds results in forfeiture of turn, which can also be done without adding any extra delay through a "skip turn" button) when a player's turn starts and measures in increments of .01.

However, San Francisco Bay Area Sport Officials are showing interest in yet another bid, for the 2016 games. Delay is determined by 4 factors:. bid but eventually lost to London to host the XXII Olympiad. This number in the delay chart/list at the bottom left hand corner determines the turn order. Ultimately, New York won the U.S. (Punky Brown hair (head), Red Nose (face), Hawaiian Wear (shirt), Vampire Casket (flag).). in the International bid to host the 2012 Summer Olympic Games. (Items range from as little as 5,000 to as much as 350,000 gold to buy permanently; obviously, the monthly rentals cost much less and the weekly rentals less still.) If you wanted to buy a premium outfit using only gold, it could cost upwards of 1,000,000 gold; buying a "money suit" for 135,000 would speed things up considerably.

Olympic committee to represent the U.S. For instance, the Flamingo shirt gives 18 popularity points and costs 60,000 gold to buy permanently. In 2004 San Francisco and New York City were the two finalists chosen by the U.S. (See above; one point in popularity = 1% more gold.). The city is also home to some famous golf courses, including the Harding Park Golf Course and the courses of the Olympic Club. They are relatively cheap and help you earn gold 1.5 times as fast. Records aside, the race is best known for its colorful costumes and celebratory community spirit (it was initiated after the disastrous 1906 earthquake as a way to boost the city's spirits). These are called "money suits" but they are not official sets.

The city is also the home of the annual Bay to Breakers footrace, which holds the world records for greatest number of participants in a footrace (110,000 in 1986) as well as longest consecutively running footrace (annually since 1912). Many people play there with a combination of avatars that give you 50+ popularity since that's the only stat that matters. The NCAA football Emerald Bowl is held in San Francisco each December. These Zones are known as "Avatar Off" zones. Other regional college sports teams include the Stanford Cardinal, the San Jose Spartans and the California Golden Bears. Note: In some game zones (11, 12) avatar bonuses do not apply, except for the star (or popularity) stat, which increases the amount of gold won in a game. College sports include the USF Dons, San Francisco State Gators and the CCSF Rams. However, the penalty for damage to a player on your own team is not given if the damage is less than 50 (out of the ~1000 damage it takes destroy average mobiles with no avatar to help them last longer) or if you give any damage to the opposing side on the turn as well, no matter how much.

The South Bay is the home of the San Jose Sharks of the National Hockey League and of the San Jose Sabercats of the Arena Football League. Penalties of a loss of GP and gold are given for plays that help the opposing side. The Greater San Francisco Bay Area is home also to the Oakland Raiders of the National Football League and the Oakland Atheltics of Major League Baseball, whom both play in the McAfee Coliseum in Oakland, California. GP is the point system that determines ranking. San Francisco is the home of the San Francisco 49ers National Football League team, who play at Monster Park and the San Francisco Giants Major League Baseball team, who play at SBC Park. The power-user card also gives a host unlimited number of kicks in the game room instead of 5 and prevents him from losing gold or GP in penalties such as damaging a teammate. San Francisco boasts legendary pop music venues such as The Fillmore and The Warfield. Cash only is also used for the power-user card, a temporary status that makes a player earn gold and GP faster (+10% gold and +20% GP) and enhances the status of the games he hosts to attract more players.

Major areas of nightlife in San Francisco are North Beach, the Mission District, the Marina, the Castro, and South of Market. One notable exception to this rule is the cash-only phoenix and its blue-flamed brother, which are very powerful items. San Francisco also has varied nightlife ranging from bars to lounges to clubs. Gold only items are usually the most powerful items with the best upgrades. Two additional gay choruses, the Lesbian/Gay Chorus of San Francisco and Golden Gate Men's Chorus, also perform throughout the year. Although most items can be rented with cash or gold, some items are gold only or cash only. In addition to professional, mainstream performing arts, San Francisco is home to the 200-member San Francisco Gay Men's Chorus, the world's first gay chorus, as well as the San Francisco Lesbian/Gay Freedom Band, the world's first gay marching band. This is called "cash." Using cash is sometimes looked down upon by a few players, since the items were not earned by the skill of the player.

The city is also home to the American Conservatory Theater, also known as A.C.T., which has been a leading force in Bay Area performing arts since its founding in 1965. To earn items faster, a player can pay softnyx with real-world money. San Francisco's Ballet and Opera are some of the oldest continuing performing arts companies in the United States. It is also possible to have negative points. Performing arts venues in San Francisco include the San Francisco Symphony, the San Francisco Opera and the San Francisco Ballet. The maximum number of points in any one category is 50. Other museums include the International Museum of Women, the Museum of the African Diaspora, the Contemporary Jewish Museum, the Museum of Craft & Folk Art, the Cartoon Art Museum, and the Mexican Museum. Avatar items enhance:.

de Young Memorial Museum, and the Asian Art Museum. These items may be bought permanently with gold or cash, or may be rented for a chosen period of time, depending on the amount you spend. H. Gold is the in-game currency that can be used to purchase avatar items. Notable San Francisco museums include the Museum of Modern Art (SFMOMA), the Palace of the Legion of Honor, the M. Awards are given for giving a good amount of damage (either for a full game or in a single turn), destroying or bunging (making a player fall off a map) an opponent, shooting with a high angle and, of course, winning a game (although players on the side that loses are allowed to keep the GP and gold they earned during the game). Through the years San Francisco has been the subject of popular songs, the most famous of which is arguably "I Left My Heart in San Francisco" by Tony Bennett. During game play prizes of gold and GP are awarded.

Famous fictional works set in San Francisco include The Joy Luck Club, The Maltese Falcon, and Tales of the City. This, however, is only available in basic mode, attack mode allows only items. The movies regarded as showing the city at its best include Bullitt, Dirty Harry, and Vertigo. Depending on the drop mode selected in the lobby area by the host (basic or attack) gold bonuses are also available through the slots in the form of 10, 50, or 100 gold. Because of its beauty, San Francisco is a favorite location for movies. (A red player's drops will be marked as red triangles, and a blue player's drops will be marked blue.). It is the world's most popular destination for gay tourists and hosts San Francisco Pride, the world's largest gay pride parade and festival, in June. Each triangle's color is the color of the team of the player dropping the item.

The high concentration of gay people in the Castro and Noe Valley, coupled with the city's historical contributions to gay rights, has earned San Francisco the reputation of the "Gay Mecca". The small triangle facing downwards denotes the drop point of origin, and will count down from 4. In 2004, it became the new home of the Loveparade that used to be held in Berlin. All items require four turns to fall or activate. Movements instrumental in this change include the beat generation or beatniks, the San Francisco Renaissance in the 1950s, hippie culture, women's liberation, gay civil rights, the Summer of Love in the Haight Ashbury, the rise of a substantial punk scene in the 1970s and 1980s, and the rave culture of the 1990s. They are as follows:. In the years following World War II, San Francisco accelerated its transformation into a center of alternative culture and lifestyles. The drops fall from the very top of the screen and, unless otherwise stated are affected by wind greatly depending on wind power and direction.

Some of the most notable landmarks are the Transamerica Pyramid and Golden Gate Bridge. The option of respining the slot is also available. The two most notable universities in the metropolitan area outside of the city limits are:. If and when it generates three identical items, it allows them to drop or use these beneficial or harmful items on the remaining players. Private colleges and universities:. During a Tag or Solo match, defeated players receive a slot wheel which automatically spins. Public colleges and universities include:. Originally, only Nirvana, CozyTower and MetaMine had B-sides, but since the update of GunBound World Champion, all maps have a B-Side.

Despite its limited geographical space, San Francisco is home to a multitude of colleges and universities. They are listed below:. The city is served by San Francisco Unified School District, the Archdiocese of San Francisco's dozens of Catholic elementary and high schools, and many other private schools. Currently, there are 21 maps to choose from (including all A-Sides and B-Sides). Many major American and international banks and venture capital firms have all set up their regional headquarters in the city. There are four game types in GunBound, each with different playing styles and strategies. The Pacific Exchange is located in the financial district. These items boost players' statistics in one or more areas, such as attack strength, defense, speed, and so forth, but only have an effect on the "Avatar On" worlds/servers (with the exception of popularity, which gives players 1% more gold per point in any world/server).

Federal Reserve as well as major production facilities for the United States Mint. Gold is awarded for performing well and winning the game, which can be used to rent avatar items for one week, one month or buy them permanently. It is the home of the twelfth district of the U.S. Similar to the Worms games, the map is entirely destructible and makes it possible to destroy a mobile by making it fall off the map (this technique is commonly called "bunging"). West Coast. Shots are affected by the wind and its direction on different maps, as well as a green to white laser called Thor (color depends on power) which takes effect in certain rounds to give more damage. Because of the California gold rush, San Francisco is one of the banking and financial centers of the U.S. Players can move their mobiles a limited distance, choose a weapon (either weapon 1, 2, or SpecialShot) and adjust the angle and power to which they will fire their shot within a limited time.

The Phoenix symbolizes the city's emergence from the ashes of several devastating fires in the early 1850's. Players can choose from a wide range of unique mobiles, ranging from a giant mechanical slug (Grub) to a Triceratops (Trico). Above is a rising phoenix and behind is the bay with sailing ships. Players are assigned to opposing teams that take turns firing at their opponents with their "mobiles". The seal, which was adopted in the 1850s, depicts two working men, on one side a miner and on the other a sailor with a sextant. GunBound is similar to the turn-based Worms game series, which were themselves based on earlier two-dimensional ballistics-simulation games such as Scorched Earth (IBM PC platform). Underneath the phoenix it has a motto written in Spanish: "Oro en Paz, Fierro en Guerra," which translates into: "Gold in Peace, Iron in War.". .

The flag depicts a rising Phoenix, symbolic of the City's recovery from the 1906 fire.
. In addition, the city is the seat of the First Appellate District of the State Courts of Appeals and the San Francisco County Superior Court. GunBound (full name – GunBound World Champion, formerly GunBound: Thor's Hammer) is a freeware, online-only computer game developed in South Korea by softnyx. The California Supreme Court also maintains branch offices in Los Angeles and Sacramento. wc = World Champion or Wind Change. jurisdictions whose highest court and judicial seat is not in the official state or territorial capital. vnt = very nice try.

California, along with Louisiana - its Supreme Court is in New Orleans - are the only U.S. vns = very nice shot. The Supreme Court of California is also headquartered in San Francisco, making The City the de facto judicial capital of the state. ty = thank you. Court of Appeals and the Federal District Court for Northern California are headquartered in San Francisco. tt = triple team. The Ninth Circuit U.S. tk = team kill.

As the largest city on the west coast before World War I, San Francisco became and remains the legal hub for the western United States. Thor = Thor's Hammer, the metallic satellite floating in the sky that sends lasers to give extra damage. The Mayor's 2005-2006 proposed budget forecasts general fund expenditures of $2.44 billion. tele/tp = teleport. A person appointed or elected to fill a vacancy of less than two years is not deemed to have served a full term for purposes of term limits, whereas a person who fills a vacancy with more than two years remaining in the term is deemed to serve a full term and will be able to run for a consecutive term only once. suk, suks, or sux = suck or sucks (Censor bypass). Vacancies on the Board of Supervisors are filled by mayoral appointment, subject to special election (except as the Charter permits an appointee to remain in office until the general election for the seat is held). Frequently and incorrectly called 55 as the other 2 buttons are "numbers," and the letters SS look like a 55 as well).

Eyed warily by some and optimistically by others - in both cases owing to the belief that single-transfer voting might favour so-called "progressive" and "minority party" candidates over so-called "conservative" and "mainstream party" candidates - the 2004 general election results showed that belief to be unfounded, as all incumbent Supervisors were returned to office. SS/55 = special shot (yellow button on GunBound: Thor's Hammer and red button on actual GunBound; it can be used every 4 shots by the player, and will recharge twice as fast during Item Locks. The process continues, as necessary, until one candidate achieves a majority of votes cast and is then declared the winner. This, of course, encourages them to use it whenever they are out of school, especially on the internet where nobody can hear them. If a candidate does not achieve a majority of votes cast when the first choice votes are counted, the candidate with the least number of votes is eliminated and the second choice votes on those ballots are tabulated and "transferred" to the remaining candidates. Due to a government resolution, school kids in Singapore can be expelled if they are caught speaking Singlish. Under this new ranked-choice system, whenever there are more than two candidates for an office, voters rank their choices in order of preference. Singlish = an English creole spoken in Singapore -- it is a mix of English and several Chinese dialects.

This system replaced the old, expensive system of run-off elections. sh!t, shlt, shyt or sh1t = shit (Censor bypass). A single vote transfer system of elections was approved by the electorate and implemented in time for the 2004 general election. sg = shotgun (Straight shot which consists in pointing, powering up, and releasing at aclose range, completely eliminating the point of predicting the shot's trajectory) -- also used to refer to Singapore. Thus, Tom Ammiano, who was elected to the Board of Supervisors in 1994 and 1998 under the old system, then again in 2000 under the new system, was able to run yet again in 2004 (and won). rdy = ready (a call to action, rather than a question; all players must signal they are ready before the game begins). As part of the change to district elections, however, this provision applies to supervisors only as of the first full term of election following its implementation in 2000. pro = professional/good/skilled player.

None may serve more than two consecutive terms. pendejo = a Spanish guy. The Mayor and members of the Board of Supervisors are subject to term limits under the San Francisco Charter. nt = nice try. This is done by secret ballot, typically at the first meeting of the new session commencing after the general election. ns = nice shot. The President of the Board of Supervisors, under the new system, is elected by the members of the Board from among their number. np = no problem.

Supervisors representing even-numbered districts (2, 4, 6, 8, and 10) were elected to transitional two-year terms in 2000, thereafter to be elected every fourth year (2002, 2006, 2010, etc.). noob, n00b, newb, newbie, nub = new/bad/unskilled player. Supervisors representing odd-numbered districts (1, 3, 5, 7, 9, and 11) are elected every fourth year counted from 2000 (so, 2000, 2004, 2008, etc.). "Cake's SS got nerfed yesterday! It can't bunge anymore.". The terms are staggered so that only half the board is elected every two years, thereby providing continuity. nerfed = when a GunBound update weakens something; e.g. Under the current system, Supervisors are elected by district to four-year terms. nado = tornado/hurricane.

Following the assassinations of Supervisor Milk and Mayor George Moscone a year later, by Supervisor Dan White who had just resigned, district elections were deemed divisive and San Francisco returned to at-large elections until the current system was implemented in 2000. n1 = nice one. The first district-based elections in 1977 resulted in a radical change to the composition of the Board, including the election of Harvey Milk, only the third openly gay or lesbian individual (and the first who was male) elected to public office in the United States. ctm = cono tu madre in Spanish, as in the female private part being directed to your mom, and no, it doesn't mean anything nice. The person who received the most votes was elected President of the Board of Supervisors, and the next ten were elected to seats on the board. mierda = Spanish word for shit. All candidates appeared together on the ballot. Sometimes lags fix themselves, but sometimes they don't end until everyone gets bored of waiting and leaves the game.

Prior to 1977 and again from 1980 through 2000, the San Francisco Board of Supervisors was elected at-large. lag = used by players to announce the game is lagging (will not move forward to next turn, causing players to just sit and wait). Throughout the United States, almost all cities and counties with populations in excess of 20,000 divide the jurisdiction into electoral districts (in cities, often called "wards") to ensure proportionate representation of the whole community and to evenly distribute the community interaction workload evenly among the members of the governing body (city council, county board of supervisors, etc.) But California has always been disinclined to follow examples set by the rest of the country; and San Francisco, notwithstanding a population of 0.7 million, has been no exception. ks = kill steal (killing an opponent one's teammate had already been attacking extensively), thus taking the gold for the kill. How the Board of Supervisors shall be elected has been a bone of contention in recent San Francisco history. jejejeje or jajajaja = the "j" consonant sound in Spanish is similar to the "h" sound in English, this is used as a laugh by Spanish speakers. The current president of the Board is Aaron Peskin, who represents District 3. haircut/headshot = someone's shot "sliced" the top of another person, but didn't actually hit (due to the square detection area the game uses to register hits, the player's "body" will not register as a hit, only the mobile itself does.).

The eleven members of the Board of Supervisors (as of January 2005) are listed in the table at right by district number[4]. gl = Good luck. If the mayor dies or resigns, the President of the Board of Supervisors assumes the office until a special election can be held. gg = Good/great game. The current mayor is Gavin Newsom. gj = Good/great job. presidential election. gb = GunBound.

The mayor is elected every four years, in the odd-numbered year that precedes the U.S. fuk = FUCK! (Censor bypass). Under the current charter, the Government of San Francisco is constituted of two co-equal branches - the executive or administrative branch, which is headed by the mayor and includes other city-wide elected and appointed officials, and the civil service; and the legislative branch, which is constituted of the San Francisco Board of Supervisors, which exercises general oversight over all city and county functions. eBay wand = reference to a player with rank wand with bad skills, as if the account were bought off eBay. San Francisco exercises jurisdiction over the Hetch Hetchy Valley and watershed, in Yosemite National Park, pursuant to a perpetual leasehold granted by Act of Congress in 1913, the Raker Act. dt = double team - Two or more teammates focus their fire on one enemy player, (considered cheat or foul play by some, teamwork by others). Thus, the airport, which is about 15 miles south of mainland San Francisco, is legally part of San Francisco because the municipality owns it. dk = double kill (said when player has a double kill set up or when someone has achieved a double kill).

Because counties are administrative divisions of the state, it is legally impossible for two counties to occupy or exercise jurisdiction over the same piece of land. Resumably used due to a badly translated bungee on softnyx' part. San Francisco International Airport, for example, would be located within San Mateo County but for the fact it is owned and operated by the City and County of San Francisco. bunge = The action of destroying the land from under an opponent, thereby defeating them. It is in the latter capacity that San Francisco exercises jurisdiction over property that would otherwise be located outside of its corporation limit. Does not pertain to aimbotting, where they actually have to work to hit. San Francisco's unique status also makes it a municipal corporation and an administrative division of the state. This is considered foul play and counter measures have been instituted by softnyx in the form of reduced Gold and GP awards in 1 VS 1 matches.

San Francisco is the only California city with a board of supervisors, which is also the city council. Usually consists of a player versus a new account that automatically walks off the map, then restarts the game. It is the only metropolitan municipality in California and the only California county with a mayor who is also the county executive. botter = A user using automated programs to win 1 VS 1 games. As the official name implies, the City and County San Francisco is a metropolitan municipality, being simultaneously a charter city and charter county with a consolidated government. A new glitch that has been discovered that allows mobiles to shoot at previously unaccessable angles, this technique also call backshot. Out of the total population, 13.5% of those under the age of 18 and 10.5% of those 65 and older are living below the poverty line. bs = back shot (for a boomer mobile mostly, referring to a shot that can be used to inflict more damage and earn more money), or bullshit.

11.3% of the population and 7.8% of families are below the poverty line. bf = BigFoot. The per capita income for the city is $34,556 which is ranked as the 19th highest in the country. expects to defeat someone else.). Males have a median income of $46,260 versus $40,049 for females. someone expects to be defeated or 2. The median income for a household in the city is $55,221, and the median income for a family is $63,545 one of the highest in the United States at 15th place overall and 3rd in a single large city. bb = bye bye (could be used to signify leaving a game/room, or to signify that 1.

For every 100 females age 18 and over, there are 103.1 males. Decimals are also used for precision. For every 100 females there are 103.4 males. ex: Someone might tell their teammate "Angle 87, 2 bar" would mean shooting 87 degrees at 2 bar power. The median age is 36 years. bar (1 bar, 2 bar, 3 bar) = The power bar in Gunbound has 3 marks inside it called 'bars', they are used to help teammates distinguish shots. In the city the population is spread out with 14.5% under the age of 18, 9.1% from 18 to 24, 40.5% from 25 to 44, 22.3% from 45 to 64, and 13.7% who are 65 years of age or older. Most of the programs found on the internet are not "bypassed," but usually the ones that you must purchase function until nProtect "patches" new aimbots.

San Francisco has fewer children, in proportion to the population as a whole, than any other large city in the United States. However, with the introduction of the nProtect Hacking Prevent System, it has become very difficult, if not impossible, to find an aimbot that functions. The average household size is 2.30 and the average family size is 3.22. Aimbot = A program created for use in aiming at opponents with perfect, or near perfect, accuracy. 38.6% of all households are made up of individuals and 9.8% have someone living alone who is 65 years of age or older. No Death: Sudden Death doesn't activate at all for the duration of the game. There are 329,700 households out of which 16.6% have children under the age of 18 living with them, 31.6% are married couples living together, 8.9% have a female head of household with no husband present, and 56.0% are non-families. (usually 9 turns, including turns by other players than player waiting to use it again, are required before it can be used again).

Gay men outnumber lesbians, who are more concentrated in the suburban East Bay. Super Shot Death: Super Shots can be used every turn. The City has the highest percentage of gay families (as well as a large numbers of single gay people) of any American county or large city. (like dual item being used at all times). San Francisco has the largest Chinese population in America and the largest Asian population outside of Hawaii. Double Death: Shots are fired twice; Super Shots are disabled. The ethnic makeup is 19.6% Chinese, 8.8% Irish, 7.7% German, and 6.1% English. Big Bomb Death: Shots destroy more ground; Super Shots are disabled.

14.10% of the population are Hispanic or Latino of any race. Note about Force, Hurricane, and Electricity - When two or more of the same satellite appear in a row, the sunbeam, tornado, or the lightning beam from the previous instance(s) of Force, Hurricane, or Electricity will stay until a different satellite comes up on the Moon Disk. The racial makeup of the city is 49.66% White, 7.79% African American, 0.45% Native American, 30.84% Asian, 0.49% Pacific Islander, 6.48% from other races, and 4.28% from two or more races. Higher Thor levels mean that, for each laser shot from Thor, more damage is caused. There are 346,527 housing units at an average density of 2,865.6/km² (7,421.2/mi²). The more damage Thor causes, the higher the "level" Thor becomes. The population density is 6,423.2/km² (16,634.4/mi²), making it the second densest city of 500,000 or more, as well as the fifth densest county, in the country [3]. When this satellite is activated, Thor shoots out a laser in addition to the normal shots (except for Aduka shot 2 and SS, which both utilize the Thor laser).

As of the censusGR2 of 2000, there are 776,733 people, 329,700 households, and 145,068 families residing in the city. Thor - On the Moon Disk, Thor looks like a smaller version of the actual Thor satellite in the game. San Francisco also contains many public beaches, the most notable being Baker Beach and Ocean Beach. 3) It decreases the recharge time of player's SS. A large fresh-water lake, Lake Merced, is located in the south west corner of the city near San Francisco State University and Fort Funston. 2) It causes shield mobiles to stop regenerating their shields. Buena Vista Park located in the Haight-Ashbury, is the city's oldest, established in 1867, nearby Alamo Square is famous for its views of the city and the famous Victorian houses known as the Painted Ladies. There is no exception to this rule.

The Presidio is part of the Golden Gate National Recreation Area, which includes Alcatraz, and many other large local parks. Ignorance has three main traits: 1) It causes Item Lock, meaning all players lose access to their items. Another notable park is The Presidio at the south edge of the Golden Gate. Ignorance - On the Moon Disk, Ignorance appears as a black disk. The best-known, as well as biggest, park is Golden Gate Park which is 174 acres larger than New York's Central Park. Bionic mobiles get twice the effect of other mobiles. The cornerstones of this development are the SBC Park baseball stadium and an extension of the University of California, San Francisco medical school. For anybody who has a turn when Protection comes up, that player gets a small increase in energy for each turn under the Protection.

A new neighborhood, Mission Bay, is being redeveloped from an industrial area at the far eastern end of South of Market. Protection - On the Moon Disk, Protection looks like a crescent moon. The South of Market neighborhood was an epicenter of the dot-com boom of the late 1990s. Supposedly, this satellite is supposed to increase the land damage by 15%, but has never been seen on any map in Gunbound. Current demographic and land use expansion is concentrated in the east and south. Land - On the Moon Disk, Land looks like a piece of ice. Coit Tower, a notable landmark dedicated to San Francisco's firefighters, is located at the top of Telegraph Hill. When this icon comes up, both the wind speed and direction change once, staying the same until the next time Wind comes up in the Moon Disk.

Along with New Orleans' streetcars, San Francisco's cable cars are one of only two mobile United States National Monuments. Wind - On the Moon Disk, Wind looks like a comet. It is still possible to take a cable car ride up and down Nob and Russian Hills. Electricity basically adds a less damaging version of Lightning's first shot to shots that pass through it. San Francisco is also famous for its Cable cars (narrow gauge, 3'6" (1067 mm)), which were designed to carry residents up those steep hills. In the game, it looks like a lightning beam. Not to be missed are the beautiful homes and area of the city known as Pacific Heights as well as victorians in the Haight-Ashbury and the "painted ladies" of Alamo Square and the Castro. Electricity - On the Moon Disk, Electricity looks like an electric orb.

(See The Castro for more gay demographics.). However, if you stand in the tornado and fire with a high enough angle, it will continue up and be 'lost' somewhere. In addition to the predominantly gay Castro, there are significant concentrations of gays in Noe Valley, Diamond Heights, Bernal Heights, Potrero Hill, Haight-Ashbury, Hayes Valley, and SOMA. If the shot is ascending as it enters, it will travel farther, and if it is descending, it will fall shorter. The Castro neighborhood has the world's highest concentration of homosexuals. Shots that pass through the hurricane are wrapped around it once, then continue on their normal trajectory. Haight-Ashbury gained prominence during the "Summer of Love" 1960s for its counter-culture and concentration of hippies. In the game, it looks like a tornado (hence the moniker Tornado).

Russian Hill is a residential neighborhood most famous for Lombard Street "the crookedest street in the world". Hurricane (also known as Tornado) - On the Moon Disk, Hurricane looks like a hurricane. The predominantly Hispanic Mission District is the oldest neighborhood in the city, being the site of Mission Dolores, established in 1776. If left in giant ball form it will not retain the properties of Force. It also boasts a budding Vietnamese community in the Tenderloin neighborhood, Filipinos in Crocker-Amazon and South of Market, an Italian community in North Beach, a French Quarter, and Irish, Chinese, and Russian communities in the Richmond District. When using it's SS shot, it must have split first. San Francisco has a Japantown and Chinatown; both are among the largest and oldest in the US. Turtle, however, has an exception.

May through September are almost completely free of precipitation. The amount of attack power increase is directly proportional to the amount of time the shot stays in the sunbeam. San Francisco receives an average of 19.97 in (507.3 mm) of precipitation annually, 85% of which falls between November and March. Shots that go through the Force have their attack power increased. In September (the warmest month), lows average 56° F (13° C) and highs average 71° F (22° C). In the game, it looks like a sunbeam. In January, morning lows average 46° F (8° C) and afternoon highs average 58° F (14° C). Force - On the Moon Disk, Force looks like a sun.

In the summer months it will regularly be very foggy and cool in the Sunset District in the western half of San Francisco at the same time that it is sunny and at least 10° F warmer downtown or in the bayside neighborhood of Hunters Point. Laser. Even within the city itself there are distinct microclimates, generally much more differentiated in the summer than in the winter. Hit. The fog is less pronounced during the late spring and during the months of September and October, which are generally the warmest, most summer-like months of the year in San Francisco. Explosion. Thus, summer temperatures in San Francisco are significantly lower than in inland locations of the Bay Area and parts of inland California such as the Central Valley, where temperatures regularly top 104° F (40° C) in the summer. Electricity.

The combination of cold ocean water and the high heat of the California mainland creates the city's characteristic foggy weather that can cover the western half of the city in fog all day during the summer and early fall, as well as cover the rest of the San Francisco metropolitan area as far as 35-50 miles inland (the fog often burns off during the day at inland locations). Has less HP, but also carries an additional shield that regenerates over time. The Pacific Ocean off the west coast of the city is particularly cold year round with the ocean temperature at about 50° F (10° C) throughout the year. Weak against Hit-type attacks. Snowfall is extraordinarily rare [1]. Strong against Laser-type attacks. Rain in the summer is extremely rare, but winters can be very rainy. Shield

    .

    The weather is remarkably cool all year round, characterized by often foggy summers and rainy winters; average daily high temperatures in the summer typically range from 60 - 75° F (15 to 24° C), while in the winter it hovers between 50° - 60° F (10° C to 15° C) during the day but can, on a very cold day, fall to between 41° F (5° C) and freezing at night, although during nearly all winters no temperatures at or below freezing are recorded in most parts of the city. Weak against Electricity-type attacks. Surrounded on three sides by water, San Francisco's climate is strongly influenced by the cool currents of the Pacific Ocean. Strong against Hit-type attacks. In 1997 Treasure Island was returned to the city and it provides a unique vantage point to view the San Francisco skyline. Machine

      . It was a site for the 1939 San Francisco World's Fair, and it was originally envisioned that Treasure Island would serve as the site for San Francisco's municipal airport, but it became a Navy base at the start of World War II. Healing items extra effective.

      It was constructed from material dredged from the bay as well as material resulting from tunnelling through Yerba Buena Island in the construction of the Bay Bridge. Weak against Laser-type attacks. The most impressive example of an "infill neighborhood" is Treasure Island. Strong against Electricity-type attacks. Such land is extremely unstable during earthquakes; the resultant liquefaction during earthquakes causes extensive damage to property built upon it, as was evidenced in the Marina district during the 1989 Loma Prieta Earthquake. Creature or Bionic

        . Entire neighborhoods of the city such as the Marina and Hunters Point were created and sit on man made landfill (made up of mud, sand, and rubble from past earthquakes) and other reclamation projects over the San Francisco Bay when flatland became scarce. Super Shot: Fires a projectile, a barrage burning swords are shot down vertically at projectile landing spot.

        New buildings must be built to very high structural standards, while many dollars must be spent to retrofit the city's older buildings and bridges. Shot 2: Fires a tracer that attract more burning swords from a higher sword position. The threat of another major earthquake like the 1906 one plays a major role in the city's infrastructure development. Shot 1: Fires a projectile of burning swords is shot at projectile landing spot from a lower sword position. The Loma Prieta earthquake of 1989, which also did significant damage to parts of the city, is also famous for having interrupted a World Series baseball game between the Bay Area's two Major League Baseball teams, the San Francisco Giants and the Oakland Athletics. Sate)

          . The Daly City Earthquake of 1957 caused some damage. Knight (Laser/Machine) – has a sword above it that shoots lasers (very similar to A.

          Earlier significant quakes rocked the city in 1851, 1858, 1865, and 1868. Super Shot: Shoots a projectile which summons five mini-dragons to attack its landing spot from different angles. The most serious earthquake, in 1906, is mentioned above. Shot 2: Shoots 4 breaths of fire, similar to bigfoot shot 1 but much, much more powerful, and less bunging capability. San Francisco lies near the San Andreas Fault and Hayward Fault, two major sources of earthquake activity in California. Shot 1: Shoots a breath of fire. On top of Mount Davidson is a 103 foot (31.4 meter) tall cross built in 1934. Dragon (Explosion/Bionic) – floats above the ground, making nak 2 shots less effective, raon 2 shots almost completely useless, as well as Grub shot 2, and allowing it to traverse and climb very steep terrain.

            .

            About 1 mile (1.2km) south of Mount Sutro is San Francisco's highest mountain, Mount Davidson, which is over over 925 feet (282 meters) high. Super Shot: Fires a blob of water which splits into 6 smaller blobs after approximately 1.8 seconds (it had been 3 seconds during Gunbound: Thor's Hammer, but has been changed with the release of Gunbound World Championship). Nearby are the equally well known Twin Peaks, which are a pair of hills resting at one of the city's highest points. Performing a High or Ultra High angle shot makes this easy to do, and causes significantly more damage. Dominating this area is Mount Sutro, which is the site of Sutro Tower, a large red and white radio transmission tower, that is a well known landmark to city residents. Shot 2: Fires 2 streams of water that intertwine initially, but converge after exactly 3 seconds. Near the geographic center of the city and away from the downtown area are a series of less populated hills. Shot 1: Fires a stream of water.

            Some of these hills are neighborhoods such as Nob Hill, Pacific Heights, Russian Hill, and Telegraph Hill, while some of these hills are public parks and open space such as Twin Peaks, Mount Sutro, Mount Davidson, and Buena Vista Park. Turtle (Hit/Bionic)

              . There are a total of 42 hills within city limits. Extensive land damage as well as damage. A "hill" in San Francisco is an elevation that is over 100 ft (30 m). Super Shot: Fires a rainbow colored ball that turns into an earth-removing spinning attack upon impact. San Francisco is famous for its hills. Used effectively only by the rare "trico pro" or the common "Spanish Hacker.".

              The geographical center of the city is on the east side of Grandview Avenue between Alvarado and Twenty-third Streets. However if all 3 are landed it can do up to 300. The city proper is often reputed to be roughly a seven mile square, and in fact is only slightly smaller. Usually they "spread" over a large area and do 80-100 damage. The total area is 79.86% water. VERY tricky to land all 3 balls. 46.7 mi² (120.9 km²) of it is land and 185.2 mi² (479.7 km²) of it is water. Also the three balls travel differently depending on from which direction they are fired.

              According to the United States Census Bureau, the city and county has a total area of 231.9 mi² (600.7 km²). The revolving stops if the balls go through a tornado. The problem is a source of much discussion, and has become a significant factor in the politics of the city, most importantly in the mayoral campaigns of Frank Jordan and Gavin Newsom. Shot 2: Fires 3 exploding green ball with the 2 on the outside revolving around a center one. The city has the highest number of homeless inhabitants per capita of any major city in the United States. Shot 1: Fires an exploding green ball. Homelessness has been a controversial and chronic problem for San Francisco for many years. It is also arguably one of the trickiest bots (along with boomer) to use without using a guide.

                .

                High technology continues to be a mainstay of San Francisco's economy in the early 21st century. Trico (Explosion/Bionic) – also nicknamed as Dino or Dinosaur as it somewhat resembles a dinosaur, more specifically a triceratops). When the dot-com bubble burst, it had a major impact on the city's employment and venture-capital markets, but housing has remained expensive. Super Shot: Fires a larger mini-Raon that walks on contact with the ground until it hits a mobile, a jewel or a mini-Raon, or after 5 seconds; can get sucked up by a tornado. During the dot-com boom of the 1990s, large numbers of entrepreneurs and computer software professionals moved into the city, followed by marketing and sales professionals, and changed the social landscape as once poorer neighborhoods became gentrified; the boom was over by 2001. NOTE: the mini-Raons can be attracted to yourself... A further wave of economic expansion and physical development began in the 1980s, with a boom in construction of skyscrapers and high-rise apartments that some referred to as "Manhattanization". High instant damage by point-blank shooting at the ground an opponent is standing on, causing the mini-Raons to explode on touch with other bot.

                In San Francisco, the quake severely damaged many of the city's freeways, as well as the Marina District and the South of Market. Shot 2: Fires 2 mini-Raons (often called "mines" or "babies") that walk into a nearby mobile at the beginning of one's next turn; less sensitive to Creature-type mobiles; can get sucked up by a nearby tornado (their activity is denoted by a light on their head and whether their eyes are open or closed, (green for inactive, red for armed). The 1989 Loma Prieta earthquake caused significant destruction and loss of life throughout the Bay Area. Shot 1: Fires 3 strings of helix rotating gears. city. Raon Launcher/RaonLauncher/Leon Launcher/LeonLauncher/Raon/Roan(Laser/Machine) – also nicknamed "Pregbot" or "BabyLauncher" because of its Shot 2 & SS giving birth to "babies".

                  . It also became a center of the Gay Liberation movement; San Francisco has a higher percentage of gay men and lesbians than any other major U.S. Super Shot: Fires a miniature Nak that can go through ground and explodes upon impact with a mobile, a jewel, or a mini-Raon.

                  In the second half of the 20th century, San Francisco became a magnet for America's counterculture, drawing artists, Beat Generation writers, rock musicians and hippies. Such an advanced shooting technique can do average 330 damage. Urban planning projects in the 1950s further transformed the city, tearing down and redeveloping many neighborhoods and introducing major freeways. When the shot 2 is underground, it will automatically rise to surface. However, many players who are "skilled" with Nak accentuate their professional abilities by applying split second pressure to the space bar located south of the keyboard. The opening of the San Francisco-Oakland Bay Bridge and the Golden Gate Bridge in 1936 and 1937 made the city more accessible, and its population grew faster in the 1940s due to its importance as a military base in World War II. It is also possible to fire it directly underground. At least 3,000 died, while refugees settled temporarily in Golden Gate Park and in undeveloped areas. The underground arc is determined by angle and power of shot.

                  The 1906 San Francisco earthquake, and the fires that followed it (burning out of control due to the loss of water supply), destroyed approximately 80% of the city, including almost all of the downtown core. The shot will drop into the earth and rebound back to the surface, exploding when it hits the surface. Hostility toward immigrants contributed to lynchings and race riots in the 1850s, and to the Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882, which drastically restricted immigration from China until 1943. Shot 2: Fires a "oscillation bomb" which digs underground and then resurfaces further in a reverse parabolic arc of its original path through the air, depending on the strength of firing. The influx of Chinese workers created a sizable Chinatown district, and Chinese Americans remain one of the city's largest ethnic groups. Shot 1: Fires an electric sphere that is very heavy, meaning that it is less affected by the wind factors. The county originally included what is now San Mateo County. It's unbelieveably high defense, health, attack power and angle range make up for its average mobilty range.

                    .

                    state in 1850 as it breifly served as its state capital before it moved to San Jose and eventually its permanent home in Sacramento. It is very difficult to operate his Weapon 2 due to its special ability. San Francisco became a county when California became a U.S. It is relatively slow but compensates with a good armor and health point. The railroad, banking, and mining industries became major economic forces in the city. Nakmachine/NakMachine/Nak(Hit/Machine) – also nicknamed as Bubblegum or Bumble Bee due to the way it blows bubbles when idle, or it could also be vulgarly named as another 'Analfur Bot' as this machine also fires its bullets from the rear. But a year later, the California gold rush brought a wave of migration and immigration, raising the population from 1,000 to 25,000 by December 1849. Super Shot: Fires a dark blue object that removes mobiles' shield regeneration within a radius for several turns, dealing damage similar to a shot 2 plus all the current HP of the targeted mobiles' shields.

                    At that point, despite its useful location as a port and naval base, San Francisco was still a small settlement with inhospitable geography. Shot 2: Fires 2 intertwining, helix formation lasers. The United States claimed the city on January 30, 1847, during the Mexican-American War. Shot 1: Fires a laser. It was during this period that increased American and European settlement increased. Mage, (Laser/Shield)

                      . The area fell into Mexican hands following its independence and fell into isolation. A thunderbolt hits every enemy mobile in the surrounding area on or near the impact site.

                      Russians also coexisted with the Europeans, having colonized Northern California as far south as Fort Ross in Sonoma County. Super Shot: Fires a projectile that DOESN'T pass through other mobiles. Though Spain held the port until the Mexican revolution, there was also British settlement in the form of fur trading settlements in the area from 1792 onward following a visit from explorer George Vancouver (the earlier English explorer Sir Francis Drake had missed San Francisco entirely, due to the bay's characteristic foggy weather). Also note that the left thunderbolt hits the ground a split-second before the right one, useful for angle-stripping. A small military fort was also established in what is now the Presidio and on Alcatraz island in the bay, as well as a small village called Yerba Buena. 2 thunderbolts come down in a "V" shape at impact site (note this angle is 45 degrees on either side from a vertical origin). The first Spanish mission, Mission San Francisco de Asis, was established six years later. Shot 2: Fires a projectile that passes through other mobiles.

                      The first European to reach the San Francisco Bay was the Spanish explorer Don Gaspar de Portolà,in 1770. A thunderbolt comes down at impact site (150-210 damage for direct hit). By the middle of the 19th century, disease and warfare with European settlers had virtually wiped out the indigenous tribes. Shot 1: Fires a projectile that passes through other mobiles. Native Americans inhabited the San Francisco Bay Area at least 10,000 years ago; the most recent inhabitants prior to European settlement were the Yelamu. Lightening/Lighting/Lightning (Electricity/Shield) – also nicknamed Lovebot because it makes a heart shape out of lightning when idle.

                        . . The tracers tend to spread apart a little after splitting.

                        San Francisco's famous hallmarks include its cable cars and the Golden Gate Bridge, which are recognized worldwide. The purple tracers follow the red tracer and the 8 missiles follow their purple tracer. San Francisco has unique characteristics when compared to other major cities in the U.S., including its steep rolling hills, an eclectic mix of architecture including both Victorian style houses and modern skyscrapers, and natural beauty, surrounded by the Pacific Ocean and San Francisco Bay. Super Shot: Same as shot 1 except the missile splits into 4 missiles and 1 red tracer, then 8 missiles and 4 purple tracers. It was a center of the dot-com boom and the explosive growth of the Internet at the end of the century. Shot 2: Same as shot 1 except with 4 missiles. Long enjoying a bohemian reputation the city became a counterculture magnet in the second half of the 20th century. If it almost hits the target from the side, it may circle wider and wider until it hits something.

                        The phoenix on the city's flag represents San Francisco's "rebirth" from the ashes of the fire that resulted from the quake. The missiles fly in circles until they hit the land where the tracker landed or another obstacle. Devastated by the 1906 San Francisco earthquake, the city was quickly rebuilt. The tracker will fall to ground with little-moderate attention to wind. With the advent of the California gold rush in 1848, and the Comstock Lode and silver mines in 1859, the city entered a period of rapid growth. Shot 1: Fires a missile which splits into two smaller missiles and a tracker at the summit of its flight. The first Europeans to settle in San Francisco were the Spanish, in 1776. Up until mid-July 2005, one-hit-kills were possible using this technique, but this immense killing power was reduced by the softnyx team to even out the mobiles.

                          .

                          city aside from New York City. Its Shot 1 and 2 can produce a so-called "Nuke"-Shot when being close to the enemy and making the smaller missiles split off the tracer inside the opponent, thereby causing immense damage. census data show that San Francisco has the highest population density of any major U.S. Kalsiddon (Explosion/Machine) – new mobile since the update of GunBound World Champion, also called BigFoot 2. U.S. This shot isn't powerful at all unless you have a high attack bonus, the opponent's defense isn't applied, or your opponent is stuck on a very small piece of land that makes the shot rotate around it, thereby passing him a few more times. The city is a focal point of the San Francisco Bay Area, and forms part of the greater San Jose-San Francisco-Oakland Combined Statistical Area (CSA), whose population is over 7 million. The only time that this is important is if you barely tap your shot.

                          (See Islands of San Francisco Bay). Be careful when using this shot because its direction is determined by either how hard you shoot it and in which diection, also it is determined by which way the wind is blowing. Insular San Francisco includes several islands in the San Francisco Bay and the Golden Gate Strait, notably Alcatraz, Treasure Island, and the Farallon Islands 27 miles offshore in the Pacific Ocean and also most of the privately owned Red Rock Island near the Richmond-San Rafael Bridge. Super Shot : A very powerful blob of jelly that climbs walls, does damage as long as it is in contact within about 1/2-1cm of the mobile, much like Grub's Super Shot. A consolidated city-county, mainland San Francisco is located on the tip of the San Francisco Peninsula. As soon as the shot hits the ground, it starts crawling clockwise (right). state of California. Shot 2: A moderately powered blob of jelly that climbs walls, it has a set detonation time.

                          The City and County of San Francisco (2004 estimated population 744,230) is the fourth-largest city in the U.S. As soon as the shot hits the ground, it starts crawling counterclockwise (left).
                          Location of the City and County of San Francisco, California. it won't detonate if you hit someone directly). URL accessed on January 29, 2006.. Shot 1: A moderately powered blob of jelly that climbs walls, it has a set detonation time (e.g. ^  Board of Supervisors District Information. Frog/Frog (Hit/Bionic) – new mobile since the update of GunBound World Champion: Frog, often considered the hardest bot to use due to its sensitivity to wind, requires the player to tap spacebar and shot moves by itself

                            .

                            URL accessed on January 29, 2006.. J.Frog/J. Population Density, 2000 Census. Super Shot: Pushes mobiles away from impact site while doing moderate damage, but cannot push them off cliffs; affects Creature-types less. Lounge U.S. Shot 2: Fires a ball that sucks in surrounding mobiles, jewels and also mini-Raons; affects Creature-types less. ^  G.I.S. Shot 1: Fires an electric ball that shocks nearby enemies with splash damage.

                            URL accessed on January 29, 2006.. J.D./JD (Electricity/Shield) – also nicknamed as Cake or Cakebot because of its idle animation which involves 2 smaller versions of JD that pop out of its head like a wedding cake.

                              . Bureau of the Census, Washington, D.C., June 1998. It does slightly more damage than Shot 2, but, due to recent updates, only decreases the defense of anything in the snowflake's radius by 5 instead of 20. ^  POPULATION OF THE 100 LARGEST CITIES AND OTHER URBAN PLACES IN THE UNITED STATES: 1790 TO 1990 U.S. Super Shot: Fires a snowflake that turns into an enormous snowflake on contact with the ground or a mobile. URL accessed on January 28, 2006.. Maximum defense reduction is limited to 50 points on a single mobile.

                              ^  San Francisco Historical Snowfall. Any damage results in 5-point reduction in defense that lasts for the duration of the game (even after respawn in Score mode). San Francisco is never referred to locally as "Frisco", a term that marks the outsider as unlikely to be from a western state. Shot 2: Fires a snowball from the mammoth from a slightly lower release position than its shot 1 (the trunk not the cannon). Outsiders in the region refer to it as "The City", while natives sometimes refer to it as a town, as in "Are you in Town?". Shot 1: Fires an icicle with extensive land damage. Other nicknames include "Baghdad by the Bay", coined by columnist Herb Cain, and "The City that Knows How". Ice (Hit/Bionic) – also called Elephant or Mammoth

                                .

                                Each of these streets runs through a tunnel under a hill (Nob Hill and Russian Hill respectively), but formerly went over the hill. A very opportunistic shot but is the only shot (other than dual with dragon shot 2) that could do a 1 hit KO. Two streets in San Francisco – Stockton Street and Broadway – have two sets of sidewalks. Super Shot: Fires a purple ball that rolls around and does more damage the longer it touches, much like a life drain. The Golden Grain Company's popular Rice-A-Roni brand mentions the city in its slogan "The San Francisco Treat," both in its advertisements and on packaging of the product. Each deals more damage the longer they roll. In 2002, San Francisco had as many homeless people as the city of New York even though it has one-tenth of its population, and the number of people who died on the streets was twice that of the entire state of Florida. The balls will explode after about 5-6 seconds, whether it hits a bot or not.

                                The first reinforced concrete bridge in America, the Lake Alvord Bridge, was constructed in Golden Gate Park in 1889. Shot 2: Fires 4 purple balls that roll around until contact with a mobile, and cannot go off the screen before contact with the ground. Later in his life, he recanted that vow, although he died before he was able to make the voyage. Shot 1: Fires a blue ball that explodes on contact with the ground or a mobile. Opera Tenor Enrico Caruso who was in town during the 1906 Earthquake & fire swore to never return to San Francisco. Grub (Electricity/Bionic) – generally considered a 'NoobBot' because its second shot features spherical bullets that rolls according to the terrain and bounce of the edges of the screen, abused for low-damage moneymaking shots by most people.

                                  . Stanford University located 33 miles south of the city in Palo Alto, California. Super Shot: Fires a boomerang that transforms into a golden metal boomerang after approximately 1.8 seconds.

                                  University of California, Berkeley located 12 miles east across the bay in Berkeley, California. Shot 2: Fires 4 boomerangs. Alliant International University, headquartered across from Pier 39 following the merger of the California School of Professional Psychology and United States International University. Shot 1: Fires a boomerang. San Francisco School of Digital Filmmaking. The bot is very hard to use, and players with good handling of the bot are referred to as 'Boomer Pro'

                                    . Academy of Art University. Boomer/Boomer Launcher (Hit/Bionic) – extremely sensitive to even the smallest amount of wind causing "hook-" or "backshots".

                                    California College of the Arts undergraduate programs in architecture and design, and graduate programs located in Potrero Hill. Super Shot: Fires 8 red missiles similar to its shot 1 with dual item. California Culinary Academy Le Cordon Bleu program located in the Tenderloin. Shot 2: Fires a barrage of 6 tiny explosives that spread out into 3 streams as they travel. New College of California located in the Mission District. Shot 1: Fires 4 missiles, excellent for bunging. California Institute of Integral Studies in several locations. Also known as NoobBot or NoobFoot because the wide radius of the missiles can hit even if it missed.

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                                      Golden Gate University, a business and law school located downtown. Bigfoot/BigFoot (Explosion/Machine) – Resembles a monster truck with a cannon mounted on the front. The Jesuit-run University of San Francisco, one of the first universities established west of the Mississippi, located in the center of the city. Super Shot: Fires a projectile, a barrage of yellow lasers are shot down vertically at projectile landing spot, doing an average 500 to any mobile, regardless of defence. Dugoni School of Dentistry, [5]. The shots spread apart the longer distance it travels and can do an average 250 for a complete miss. The University of the Pacific Arthur A. 3 beams of laser are shot at projectile landing spot from a higher disc position.

                                      City College of San Francisco, one of the largest community colleges in the country is located in the Ingleside, with several extension campuses. Shot 2: A shot which fires a projectile which requires no aim whatsoever. University of California, Hastings College of the Law located downtown at its Civic Center. Shot 1: Fires a projectile, a single beam of laser is shot at projectile landing spot from a lower disc position. San Francisco State University located in the southwest corner of the city near Lake Merced. Mostly used for long distance.

                                        . University of California, San Francisco, primarily a graduate level health-sciences school, located north of Forest Hill. Often hear players yell about hitting a tiny piece of land in front of them.

                                        Has difficulty hitting enemy if there is land above them. Great for shooting at an enemy above. Sate/Asset/Sate/Cheapo/The Spanish Bot (Laser/Shield) – has a disc floating above it that shoots lasers. A.Sate/A.

                                        Super Shot: Fires a missile that transforms into a stronger one after exactly 3 seconds, extensive land damage (ellipse 2-3 cm by 3 cm. Shot 2: Fires a missile that explodes twice with small land damage (200-300 for direct hit, one cm diameter, then 1/2 cm diameter). Shot 1: Fires a missile with extensive land damage (around 150-200 for direct hit, land damage an ellipse 1/2 cm by about 3 cm). Armor Mobile/ArmorMobile (Explosion/Machine) – Resembles a small red Tank.

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                                          In this case there may be land damage {verify?}. (around 100-200 damage, little or no land damage) Note: As the laser, and not the mini aduka, is dealing the damage, land in between Thor and the target will block the shot. This shot can pass through multiple players, and is used to double kill or get a player that is 'burrowed'. Super Shot: Fire a large "mini aduka" projectile that goes through everything; triggers Thor's Hammer when it hits an enemy mobile (even if all their health is gone in Solo/Tag mode), a jewel, or a mini-Raon.

                                          (damage increases as Thor levels up, land damage abotut one CM diameter). Shot 2: Fires three "mini aduka" projectiles that do no damage, but trigger Thor's Hammer to fire at the spot where they hit. Shot 1: Fires an electric ball that does damage, plus minor splash damage shocks nearby enemies (around 2 inches radius of impact) (around 150-200 in direct hit, land damage is about one CM diameter). Abused by many in so-called "Aduka shot 2/SS only" games to power up Thor's damage resulting in high-damage high-gold shots towards the end of the game, as well as easier double kills.

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                                            Also nicknamed 'Thorbot' because its shot 2 attack triggers the Thor's Hammer; the vulgar 'AssBot' as the machine itself fires its bullets from the rear, just like the Nak. Aduka (Laser Electricity Machine) – A blue Spider-like mobile. There was also a SNIPER mode, similar to Slice, except it was intended to correct minute misses of the previously matched power (adds or subtracts to match your last selected power if the shot is close enough to the last one) however this does not allow for minute power changes. It is also preferred due to the fact that the power bar can be reset simply by dragging it back to 0 power (where in slice if your powerbar goes over the desired point there is no way to reduce it).

                                            This is best to use when using full power shots because you can drag the mouse so fast that the timer still says 20 seconds. However, the longer the user drags, the more the power bar jumps around randomly, thus reducing accuracy. DRAGSHOT is the most common choice among "pros" because it allows the player to move the power bar selector back and forth with the mouse, this mode is favored for its increased speed (minimizing delay) and for its ability to make pixel wide adjustments. On the other hand, it can take a great deal of time to gain much power, thus increasing the delay for that shot.

                                            It is the most common amongst beginners, as it is easy to control and use. SLICE is the default setting and is operated by holding the spacebar and releasing it to reach the desired power. All of this is then added to how much time you took to fire your shot. This is then combined with the added delay of any items that are selected to be fired.

                                            This is then added to the delay of the shot type selected. The first is the base delay of the mobile itself. popularity - the amount of gold you are awarded. shield - the healing speed and capacity of a shield (only Mage, A.Sate, Lightning and JD have *shields, so it's a pointless stat to have unless using these bots).

                                            item delay(blue) - the amount taken away from only the delay that is added to you from using an item. delay(orange) - the amount taken away from only your normal delay. bunge - the amount of land that is destroyed by a shot. life - the amount of health/"HP" you have (when it's gone, you die).

                                            attack - the amount of damage dealt. defense - the amount of damage prevented. Note that if the item is a wind item, it will actually work, and the wind will change accordingly after 4 turns, when the item would be dropped. Question mark Chest - this appears as a regular treasure chest with a question mark on top of it in the slot screen, however once deployed it can fall as any of the previously mentioned items (lighting, dynamite, hammer, treasure chest, wind null, wind change).

                                            Wind Reverse - Reverses the wind's direction when used. Wind Null - Sets the wind's strength to 0 when used. Treasure Chest - Contains a 1 slot basic item of random nature, (It used to have a probability of containing gold, but that was removed.). Lightning - Preferred by most players for its higher damage, 76-80, and because it strikes straight down, doing less land damage than either dynamite or hammer, yet unaffected by wind.

                                            It also does around 50 damage. Hammer - Similar in weight to dynamite in terms of winds affects on its movement, however the hammer spins as it falls allowing it to knock a player's angle off more than dynamite can. Dynamite - A small explosive that is affected by wind, and does about 50-60 damage for a direct hit, as little as 17 depending on its proximity. Cave-B is one of the most dreaded maps due to the fact that it has numerous Ignorance Moon Disks, 4 to be exact.

                                            The only difference is that the weather patterns are changed. Cave does have a B-Side, but the layout is exactly the same. Cave/Random (Cave can only be played on, with a random chance, by selecting Random map due to its closed range positioning of mobiles). Meta Mine (A-Side and B-Side).

                                            Stardust (A-Side and B-Side). Dummy Slope (A-Side and B-Side). Cozy Tower (A-Side and B-Side). Dragon (A-Side and B-Side).

                                            Adiumroot (A-Side and B-Side). Sea of Hero (A-Side and B-Side). Metropolis (A-Side and B-Side). Nirvana (A-Side and B-Side).

                                            Miramo Town (A-Side and B-Side). They also win if everybody on the other team is bunged. The first team to reach or exceed 100 points wins. Mobiles are invincible, and when someone is bunged, they can drop back down at no penalty.

                                            Jewel - Players attack targets, known as "Jewel" which give gold and points. Tag - Each player has control of 2 mobiles and can switch between them (the second selected mobile will only have half as much life points as normal). The game also ends when one team reaches zero lives or when a team has no one on the map. When a player dies, that player's team loses one life, but can come back in four turns.

                                            Score - Each team has a set number of lives. When everyone in a team dies, the game is over. Solo - Each player has only one life.