This page will contain external links about san francisco, as they become available.San Francisco, California |
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| Nickname: "The City by the Bay" | |
| Motto: "'" | |
| Official website: http://www.ci.sf.ca.us | |
| Location | |
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| Government | |
| Metropolitan Municipality | San Francisco |
| Mayor | Gavin Newsom |
| Geographical characteristics | |
| Area | |
| Total | 600.7 km² |
| Land | 121.0 km² |
| Water | 479.7 km² |
| Population | |
| Total (2004) | 744,230 |
| Metro area | 7,533,384 |
| Density | 6212.25/km² |
| Latitude | {{{latitude}}} |
| Longitude | {{{longitude}}} |
| Coordinates | |
| Elevation | 19.2 m |
| Time zone | Pacific Standard Time Zone (UTC-8) |
| Summer (DST) | Pacific Daylight Time (UTC-7) |
The City and County of San Francisco (2004 estimated population 744,230) is the fourth-largest city in the U.S. state of California.
A consolidated city-county, mainland San Francisco is located on the tip of the San Francisco Peninsula. Insular San Francisco includes several islands in the San Francisco Bay and the Golden Gate Strait, notably Alcatraz, Treasure Island, and the Farallon Islands 27 miles offshore in the Pacific Ocean and also most of the privately owned Red Rock Island near the Richmond-San Rafael Bridge. (See Islands of San Francisco Bay)
The city is a focal point of the San Francisco Bay Area, and forms part of the greater San Jose-San Francisco-Oakland Combined Statistical Area (CSA), whose population is over 7 million. U.S. census data show that San Francisco has the highest population density of any major U.S. city aside from New York City.
The first Europeans to settle in San Francisco were the Spanish, in 1776. With the advent of the California gold rush in 1848, and the Comstock Lode and silver mines in 1859, the city entered a period of rapid growth.
Devastated by the 1906 San Francisco earthquake, the city was quickly rebuilt. The phoenix on the city's flag represents San Francisco's "rebirth" from the ashes of the fire that resulted from the quake. Long enjoying a bohemian reputation the city became a counterculture magnet in the second half of the 20th century. It was a center of the dot-com boom and the explosive growth of the Internet at the end of the century.
San Francisco has unique characteristics when compared to other major cities in the U.S., including its steep rolling hills, an eclectic mix of architecture including both Victorian style houses and modern skyscrapers, and natural beauty, surrounded by the Pacific Ocean and San Francisco Bay. San Francisco's famous hallmarks include its cable cars and the Golden Gate Bridge, which are recognized worldwide.
Native Americans inhabited the San Francisco Bay Area at least 10,000 years ago; the most recent inhabitants prior to European settlement were the Yelamu. By the middle of the 19th century, disease and warfare with European settlers had virtually wiped out the indigenous tribes.
The first European to reach the San Francisco Bay was the Spanish explorer Don Gaspar de Portolà,in 1770. The first Spanish mission, Mission San Francisco de Asis, was established six years later. A small military fort was also established in what is now the Presidio and on Alcatraz island in the bay, as well as a small village called Yerba Buena. Though Spain held the port until the Mexican revolution, there was also British settlement in the form of fur trading settlements in the area from 1792 onward following a visit from explorer George Vancouver (the earlier English explorer Sir Francis Drake had missed San Francisco entirely, due to the bay's characteristic foggy weather). Russians also coexisted with the Europeans, having colonized Northern California as far south as Fort Ross in Sonoma County.
The area fell into Mexican hands following its independence and fell into isolation. It was during this period that increased American and European settlement increased. The United States claimed the city on January 30, 1847, during the Mexican-American War. At that point, despite its useful location as a port and naval base, San Francisco was still a small settlement with inhospitable geography. But a year later, the California gold rush brought a wave of migration and immigration, raising the population from 1,000 to 25,000 by December 1849. The railroad, banking, and mining industries became major economic forces in the city. San Francisco became a county when California became a U.S. state in 1850 as it breifly served as its state capital before it moved to San Jose and eventually its permanent home in Sacramento. The county originally included what is now San Mateo County.
The influx of Chinese workers created a sizable Chinatown district, and Chinese Americans remain one of the city's largest ethnic groups. Hostility toward immigrants contributed to lynchings and race riots in the 1850s, and to the Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882, which drastically restricted immigration from China until 1943.
The 1906 San Francisco earthquake, and the fires that followed it (burning out of control due to the loss of water supply), destroyed approximately 80% of the city, including almost all of the downtown core. At least 3,000 died, while refugees settled temporarily in Golden Gate Park and in undeveloped areas.
The opening of the San Francisco-Oakland Bay Bridge and the Golden Gate Bridge in 1936 and 1937 made the city more accessible, and its population grew faster in the 1940s due to its importance as a military base in World War II. Urban planning projects in the 1950s further transformed the city, tearing down and redeveloping many neighborhoods and introducing major freeways.
In the second half of the 20th century, San Francisco became a magnet for America's counterculture, drawing artists, Beat Generation writers, rock musicians and hippies. It also became a center of the Gay Liberation movement; San Francisco has a higher percentage of gay men and lesbians than any other major U.S. city.
The 1989 Loma Prieta earthquake caused significant destruction and loss of life throughout the Bay Area. In San Francisco, the quake severely damaged many of the city's freeways, as well as the Marina District and the South of Market.
A further wave of economic expansion and physical development began in the 1980s, with a boom in construction of skyscrapers and high-rise apartments that some referred to as "Manhattanization". During the dot-com boom of the 1990s, large numbers of entrepreneurs and computer software professionals moved into the city, followed by marketing and sales professionals, and changed the social landscape as once poorer neighborhoods became gentrified; the boom was over by 2001. When the dot-com bubble burst, it had a major impact on the city's employment and venture-capital markets, but housing has remained expensive. High technology continues to be a mainstay of San Francisco's economy in the early 21st century.
Homelessness has been a controversial and chronic problem for San Francisco for many years. The city has the highest number of homeless inhabitants per capita of any major city in the United States. The problem is a source of much discussion, and has become a significant factor in the politics of the city, most importantly in the mayoral campaigns of Frank Jordan and Gavin Newsom.
According to the United States Census Bureau, the city and county has a total area of 231.9 mi² (600.7 km²). 46.7 mi² (120.9 km²) of it is land and 185.2 mi² (479.7 km²) of it is water. The total area is 79.86% water. The city proper is often reputed to be roughly a seven mile square, and in fact is only slightly smaller.
The geographical center of the city is on the east side of Grandview Avenue between Alvarado and Twenty-third Streets.
San Francisco is famous for its hills. A "hill" in San Francisco is an elevation that is over 100 ft (30 m). There are a total of 42 hills within city limits. Some of these hills are neighborhoods such as Nob Hill, Pacific Heights, Russian Hill, and Telegraph Hill, while some of these hills are public parks and open space such as Twin Peaks, Mount Sutro, Mount Davidson, and Buena Vista Park.
Near the geographic center of the city and away from the downtown area are a series of less populated hills. Dominating this area is Mount Sutro, which is the site of Sutro Tower, a large red and white radio transmission tower, that is a well known landmark to city residents. Nearby are the equally well known Twin Peaks, which are a pair of hills resting at one of the city's highest points. About 1 mile (1.2km) south of Mount Sutro is San Francisco's highest mountain, Mount Davidson, which is over over 925 feet (282 meters) high. On top of Mount Davidson is a 103 foot (31.4 meter) tall cross built in 1934.
San Francisco lies near the San Andreas Fault and Hayward Fault, two major sources of earthquake activity in California. The most serious earthquake, in 1906, is mentioned above. Earlier significant quakes rocked the city in 1851, 1858, 1865, and 1868. The Daly City Earthquake of 1957 caused some damage. The Loma Prieta earthquake of 1989, which also did significant damage to parts of the city, is also famous for having interrupted a World Series baseball game between the Bay Area's two Major League Baseball teams, the San Francisco Giants and the Oakland Athletics.
The threat of another major earthquake like the 1906 one plays a major role in the city's infrastructure development. New buildings must be built to very high structural standards, while many dollars must be spent to retrofit the city's older buildings and bridges.
Entire neighborhoods of the city such as the Marina and Hunters Point were created and sit on man made landfill (made up of mud, sand, and rubble from past earthquakes) and other reclamation projects over the San Francisco Bay when flatland became scarce. Such land is extremely unstable during earthquakes; the resultant liquefaction during earthquakes causes extensive damage to property built upon it, as was evidenced in the Marina district during the 1989 Loma Prieta Earthquake.
The most impressive example of an "infill neighborhood" is Treasure Island. It was constructed from material dredged from the bay as well as material resulting from tunnelling through Yerba Buena Island in the construction of the Bay Bridge. It was a site for the 1939 San Francisco World's Fair, and it was originally envisioned that Treasure Island would serve as the site for San Francisco's municipal airport, but it became a Navy base at the start of World War II. In 1997 Treasure Island was returned to the city and it provides a unique vantage point to view the San Francisco skyline.
Downtown San Francisco and Russian Hill as seen from Alcatraz.Surrounded on three sides by water, San Francisco's climate is strongly influenced by the cool currents of the Pacific Ocean. The weather is remarkably cool all year round, characterized by often foggy summers and rainy winters; average daily high temperatures in the summer typically range from 60 - 75° F (15 to 24° C), while in the winter it hovers between 50° - 60° F (10° C to 15° C) during the day but can, on a very cold day, fall to between 41° F (5° C) and freezing at night, although during nearly all winters no temperatures at or below freezing are recorded in most parts of the city. Rain in the summer is extremely rare, but winters can be very rainy. Snowfall is extraordinarily rare [1]. The Pacific Ocean off the west coast of the city is particularly cold year round with the ocean temperature at about 50° F (10° C) throughout the year. The combination of cold ocean water and the high heat of the California mainland creates the city's characteristic foggy weather that can cover the western half of the city in fog all day during the summer and early fall, as well as cover the rest of the San Francisco metropolitan area as far as 35-50 miles inland (the fog often burns off during the day at inland locations). Thus, summer temperatures in San Francisco are significantly lower than in inland locations of the Bay Area and parts of inland California such as the Central Valley, where temperatures regularly top 104° F (40° C) in the summer. The fog is less pronounced during the late spring and during the months of September and October, which are generally the warmest, most summer-like months of the year in San Francisco.
Even within the city itself there are distinct microclimates, generally much more differentiated in the summer than in the winter. In the summer months it will regularly be very foggy and cool in the Sunset District in the western half of San Francisco at the same time that it is sunny and at least 10° F warmer downtown or in the bayside neighborhood of Hunters Point.
In January, morning lows average 46° F (8° C) and afternoon highs average 58° F (14° C). In September (the warmest month), lows average 56° F (13° C) and highs average 71° F (22° C). San Francisco receives an average of 19.97 in (507.3 mm) of precipitation annually, 85% of which falls between November and March. May through September are almost completely free of precipitation.
San Francisco has a Japantown and Chinatown; both are among the largest and oldest in the US. It also boasts a budding Vietnamese community in the Tenderloin neighborhood, Filipinos in Crocker-Amazon and South of Market, an Italian community in North Beach, a French Quarter, and Irish, Chinese, and Russian communities in the Richmond District.
The predominantly Hispanic Mission District is the oldest neighborhood in the city, being the site of Mission Dolores, established in 1776. Russian Hill is a residential neighborhood most famous for Lombard Street "the crookedest street in the world". Haight-Ashbury gained prominence during the "Summer of Love" 1960s for its counter-culture and concentration of hippies. The Castro neighborhood has the world's highest concentration of homosexuals. In addition to the predominantly gay Castro, there are significant concentrations of gays in Noe Valley, Diamond Heights, Bernal Heights, Potrero Hill, Haight-Ashbury, Hayes Valley, and SOMA. (See The Castro for more gay demographics.)
Victorian houses ("Painted Ladies") at Alamo SquareNot to be missed are the beautiful homes and area of the city known as Pacific Heights as well as victorians in the Haight-Ashbury and the "painted ladies" of Alamo Square and the Castro. San Francisco is also famous for its Cable cars (narrow gauge, 3'6" (1067 mm)), which were designed to carry residents up those steep hills. It is still possible to take a cable car ride up and down Nob and Russian Hills. Along with New Orleans' streetcars, San Francisco's cable cars are one of only two mobile United States National Monuments. Coit Tower, a notable landmark dedicated to San Francisco's firefighters, is located at the top of Telegraph Hill.
Current demographic and land use expansion is concentrated in the east and south. The South of Market neighborhood was an epicenter of the dot-com boom of the late 1990s. A new neighborhood, Mission Bay, is being redeveloped from an industrial area at the far eastern end of South of Market. The cornerstones of this development are the SBC Park baseball stadium and an extension of the University of California, San Francisco medical school.
The best-known, as well as biggest, park is Golden Gate Park which is 174 acres larger than New York's Central Park. Another notable park is The Presidio at the south edge of the Golden Gate. The Presidio is part of the Golden Gate National Recreation Area, which includes Alcatraz, and many other large local parks. Buena Vista Park located in the Haight-Ashbury, is the city's oldest, established in 1867, nearby Alamo Square is famous for its views of the city and the famous Victorian houses known as the Painted Ladies. A large fresh-water lake, Lake Merced, is located in the south west corner of the city near San Francisco State University and Fort Funston.
San Francisco also contains many public beaches, the most notable being Baker Beach and Ocean Beach.
As of the censusGR2 of 2000, there are 776,733 people, 329,700 households, and 145,068 families residing in the city. The population density is 6,423.2/km² (16,634.4/mi²), making it the second densest city of 500,000 or more, as well as the fifth densest county, in the country [3]. . There are 346,527 housing units at an average density of 2,865.6/km² (7,421.2/mi²). The racial makeup of the city is 49.66% White, 7.79% African American, 0.45% Native American, 30.84% Asian, 0.49% Pacific Islander, 6.48% from other races, and 4.28% from two or more races. 14.10% of the population are Hispanic or Latino of any race. The ethnic makeup is 19.6% Chinese, 8.8% Irish, 7.7% German, and 6.1% English. San Francisco has the largest Chinese population in America and the largest Asian population outside of Hawaii. The City has the highest percentage of gay families (as well as a large numbers of single gay people) of any American county or large city. Gay men outnumber lesbians, who are more concentrated in the suburban East Bay.
There are 329,700 households out of which 16.6% have children under the age of 18 living with them, 31.6% are married couples living together, 8.9% have a female head of household with no husband present, and 56.0% are non-families. 38.6% of all households are made up of individuals and 9.8% have someone living alone who is 65 years of age or older. The average household size is 2.30 and the average family size is 3.22. San Francisco has fewer children, in proportion to the population as a whole, than any other large city in the United States.
In the city the population is spread out with 14.5% under the age of 18, 9.1% from 18 to 24, 40.5% from 25 to 44, 22.3% from 45 to 64, and 13.7% who are 65 years of age or older. The median age is 36 years. For every 100 females there are 103.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there are 103.1 males.
The median income for a household in the city is $55,221, and the median income for a family is $63,545 one of the highest in the United States at 15th place overall and 3rd in a single large city. Males have a median income of $46,260 versus $40,049 for females. The per capita income for the city is $34,556 which is ranked as the 19th highest in the country. 11.3% of the population and 7.8% of families are below the poverty line. Out of the total population, 13.5% of those under the age of 18 and 10.5% of those 65 and older are living below the poverty line.
As the official name implies, the City and County San Francisco is a metropolitan municipality, being simultaneously a charter city and charter county with a consolidated government. It is the only metropolitan municipality in California and the only California county with a mayor who is also the county executive. San Francisco is the only California city with a board of supervisors, which is also the city council.
San Francisco's unique status also makes it a municipal corporation and an administrative division of the state. It is in the latter capacity that San Francisco exercises jurisdiction over property that would otherwise be located outside of its corporation limit. San Francisco International Airport, for example, would be located within San Mateo County but for the fact it is owned and operated by the City and County of San Francisco. Because counties are administrative divisions of the state, it is legally impossible for two counties to occupy or exercise jurisdiction over the same piece of land. Thus, the airport, which is about 15 miles south of mainland San Francisco, is legally part of San Francisco because the municipality owns it.
San Francisco exercises jurisdiction over the Hetch Hetchy Valley and watershed, in Yosemite National Park, pursuant to a perpetual leasehold granted by Act of Congress in 1913, the Raker Act.
Under the current charter, the Government of San Francisco is constituted of two co-equal branches - the executive or administrative branch, which is headed by the mayor and includes other city-wide elected and appointed officials, and the civil service; and the legislative branch, which is constituted of the San Francisco Board of Supervisors, which exercises general oversight over all city and county functions.
The mayor is elected every four years, in the odd-numbered year that precedes the U.S. presidential election. The current mayor is Gavin Newsom.
If the mayor dies or resigns, the President of the Board of Supervisors assumes the office until a special election can be held.
The eleven members of the Board of Supervisors (as of January 2005) are listed in the table at right by district number[4]. The current president of the Board is Aaron Peskin, who represents District 3.
How the Board of Supervisors shall be elected has been a bone of contention in recent San Francisco history. Throughout the United States, almost all cities and counties with populations in excess of 20,000 divide the jurisdiction into electoral districts (in cities, often called "wards") to ensure proportionate representation of the whole community and to evenly distribute the community interaction workload evenly among the members of the governing body (city council, county board of supervisors, etc.) But California has always been disinclined to follow examples set by the rest of the country; and San Francisco, notwithstanding a population of 0.7 million, has been no exception.
Prior to 1977 and again from 1980 through 2000, the San Francisco Board of Supervisors was elected at-large. All candidates appeared together on the ballot. The person who received the most votes was elected President of the Board of Supervisors, and the next ten were elected to seats on the board. The first district-based elections in 1977 resulted in a radical change to the composition of the Board, including the election of Harvey Milk, only the third openly gay or lesbian individual (and the first who was male) elected to public office in the United States. Following the assassinations of Supervisor Milk and Mayor George Moscone a year later, by Supervisor Dan White who had just resigned, district elections were deemed divisive and San Francisco returned to at-large elections until the current system was implemented in 2000.
Under the current system, Supervisors are elected by district to four-year terms. The terms are staggered so that only half the board is elected every two years, thereby providing continuity. Supervisors representing odd-numbered districts (1, 3, 5, 7, 9, and 11) are elected every fourth year counted from 2000 (so, 2000, 2004, 2008, etc.). Supervisors representing even-numbered districts (2, 4, 6, 8, and 10) were elected to transitional two-year terms in 2000, thereafter to be elected every fourth year (2002, 2006, 2010, etc.).
The President of the Board of Supervisors, under the new system, is elected by the members of the Board from among their number. This is done by secret ballot, typically at the first meeting of the new session commencing after the general election.
The Mayor and members of the Board of Supervisors are subject to term limits under the San Francisco Charter. None may serve more than two consecutive terms. As part of the change to district elections, however, this provision applies to supervisors only as of the first full term of election following its implementation in 2000. Thus, Tom Ammiano, who was elected to the Board of Supervisors in 1994 and 1998 under the old system, then again in 2000 under the new system, was able to run yet again in 2004 (and won).
A single vote transfer system of elections was approved by the electorate and implemented in time for the 2004 general election. This system replaced the old, expensive system of run-off elections. Under this new ranked-choice system, whenever there are more than two candidates for an office, voters rank their choices in order of preference. If a candidate does not achieve a majority of votes cast when the first choice votes are counted, the candidate with the least number of votes is eliminated and the second choice votes on those ballots are tabulated and "transferred" to the remaining candidates. The process continues, as necessary, until one candidate achieves a majority of votes cast and is then declared the winner. Eyed warily by some and optimistically by others - in both cases owing to the belief that single-transfer voting might favour so-called "progressive" and "minority party" candidates over so-called "conservative" and "mainstream party" candidates - the 2004 general election results showed that belief to be unfounded, as all incumbent Supervisors were returned to office.
Vacancies on the Board of Supervisors are filled by mayoral appointment, subject to special election (except as the Charter permits an appointee to remain in office until the general election for the seat is held). A person appointed or elected to fill a vacancy of less than two years is not deemed to have served a full term for purposes of term limits, whereas a person who fills a vacancy with more than two years remaining in the term is deemed to serve a full term and will be able to run for a consecutive term only once.
The Mayor's 2005-2006 proposed budget forecasts general fund expenditures of $2.44 billion.
As the largest city on the west coast before World War I, San Francisco became and remains the legal hub for the western United States. The Ninth Circuit U.S. Court of Appeals and the Federal District Court for Northern California are headquartered in San Francisco.
The Supreme Court of California is also headquartered in San Francisco, making The City the de facto judicial capital of the state. California, along with Louisiana - its Supreme Court is in New Orleans - are the only U.S. jurisdictions whose highest court and judicial seat is not in the official state or territorial capital. The California Supreme Court also maintains branch offices in Los Angeles and Sacramento. In addition, the city is the seat of the First Appellate District of the State Courts of Appeals and the San Francisco County Superior Court.
The flag depicts a rising Phoenix, symbolic of the City's recovery from the 1906 fire. Underneath the phoenix it has a motto written in Spanish: "Oro en Paz, Fierro en Guerra," which translates into: "Gold in Peace, Iron in War."
The seal, which was adopted in the 1850s, depicts two working men, on one side a miner and on the other a sailor with a sextant. Above is a rising phoenix and behind is the bay with sailing ships. The Phoenix symbolizes the city's emergence from the ashes of several devastating fires in the early 1850's.
Because of the California gold rush, San Francisco is one of the banking and financial centers of the U.S. West Coast. It is the home of the twelfth district of the U.S. Federal Reserve as well as major production facilities for the United States Mint. The Pacific Exchange is located in the financial district. Many major American and international banks and venture capital firms have all set up their regional headquarters in the city.
The city is served by San Francisco Unified School District, the Archdiocese of San Francisco's dozens of Catholic elementary and high schools, and many other private schools.
Despite its limited geographical space, San Francisco is home to a multitude of colleges and universities.
Public colleges and universities include:
Private colleges and universities:
The two most notable universities in the metropolitan area outside of the city limits are:
Some of the most notable landmarks are the Transamerica Pyramid and Golden Gate Bridge.
In the years following World War II, San Francisco accelerated its transformation into a center of alternative culture and lifestyles. Movements instrumental in this change include the beat generation or beatniks, the San Francisco Renaissance in the 1950s, hippie culture, women's liberation, gay civil rights, the Summer of Love in the Haight Ashbury, the rise of a substantial punk scene in the 1970s and 1980s, and the rave culture of the 1990s. In 2004, it became the new home of the Loveparade that used to be held in Berlin.
The high concentration of gay people in the Castro and Noe Valley, coupled with the city's historical contributions to gay rights, has earned San Francisco the reputation of the "Gay Mecca". It is the world's most popular destination for gay tourists and hosts San Francisco Pride, the world's largest gay pride parade and festival, in June.
Because of its beauty, San Francisco is a favorite location for movies. The movies regarded as showing the city at its best include Bullitt, Dirty Harry, and Vertigo.
Famous fictional works set in San Francisco include The Joy Luck Club, The Maltese Falcon, and Tales of the City.
Through the years San Francisco has been the subject of popular songs, the most famous of which is arguably "I Left My Heart in San Francisco" by Tony Bennett.
Notable San Francisco museums include the Museum of Modern Art (SFMOMA), the Palace of the Legion of Honor, the M. H. de Young Memorial Museum, and the Asian Art Museum. Other museums include the International Museum of Women, the Museum of the African Diaspora, the Contemporary Jewish Museum, the Museum of Craft & Folk Art, the Cartoon Art Museum, and the Mexican Museum.
Performing arts venues in San Francisco include the San Francisco Symphony, the San Francisco Opera and the San Francisco Ballet. San Francisco's Ballet and Opera are some of the oldest continuing performing arts companies in the United States. The city is also home to the American Conservatory Theater, also known as A.C.T., which has been a leading force in Bay Area performing arts since its founding in 1965.
In addition to professional, mainstream performing arts, San Francisco is home to the 200-member San Francisco Gay Men's Chorus, the world's first gay chorus, as well as the San Francisco Lesbian/Gay Freedom Band, the world's first gay marching band. Two additional gay choruses, the Lesbian/Gay Chorus of San Francisco and Golden Gate Men's Chorus, also perform throughout the year.
San Francisco also has varied nightlife ranging from bars to lounges to clubs. Major areas of nightlife in San Francisco are North Beach, the Mission District, the Marina, the Castro, and South of Market. San Francisco boasts legendary pop music venues such as The Fillmore and The Warfield.
San Francisco is the home of the San Francisco 49ers National Football League team, who play at Monster Park and the San Francisco Giants Major League Baseball team, who play at SBC Park. The Greater San Francisco Bay Area is home also to the Oakland Raiders of the National Football League and the Oakland Atheltics of Major League Baseball, whom both play in the McAfee Coliseum in Oakland, California. The South Bay is the home of the San Jose Sharks of the National Hockey League and of the San Jose Sabercats of the Arena Football League.
College sports include the USF Dons, San Francisco State Gators and the CCSF Rams. Other regional college sports teams include the Stanford Cardinal, the San Jose Spartans and the California Golden Bears. The NCAA football Emerald Bowl is held in San Francisco each December.
The city is also the home of the annual Bay to Breakers footrace, which holds the world records for greatest number of participants in a footrace (110,000 in 1986) as well as longest consecutively running footrace (annually since 1912). Records aside, the race is best known for its colorful costumes and celebratory community spirit (it was initiated after the disastrous 1906 earthquake as a way to boost the city's spirits).
The city is also home to some famous golf courses, including the Harding Park Golf Course and the courses of the Olympic Club. In 2004 San Francisco and New York City were the two finalists chosen by the U.S. Olympic committee to represent the U.S. in the International bid to host the 2012 Summer Olympic Games. Ultimately, New York won the U.S. bid but eventually lost to London to host the XXII Olympiad. However, San Francisco Bay Area Sport Officials are showing interest in yet another bid, for the 2016 games.
Because of its unique geography —making "beltways" somewhat impractical— and the "Freeway Revolt" of the late 1950s, San Francisco is one of the few cities in the US including Boston and New York City that has opted for European style arterial thoroughfares instead of a large network of major highways.
From San Francisco, the Bay Bridge is the only direct automobile link to the East Bay. Similarly, the Golden Gate Bridge is the only direct road access to Marin County.
The major highways in San Francisco are Interstate 80 which begins at the Bay Bridge and goes eastbound; US 101 which extends Interstate 80 to the south towards Silicon Valley. Northbound, US 101 uses arterial streets, Van Ness Avenue and Lombard Street to the Golden Gate Bridge and Marin County. Interstate 280 runs from South of Market to the west, and then south towards Silicon Valley and Highway 1 or Park Presidio Blvd which bisects the westside of the city as an arterial thoroughfare.
San Francisco has the most extensive public transit system on the West Coast and one of the most diverse in the country.
Muni is the city-owned public transit system which operates the Muni Metro light rail system, the F Market heritage streetcar line and the famous San Francisco cable car system (see right), together with buses and trolleybuses. BART (Bay Area Rapid Transit) is the regional transit system, which connects San Francisco with the East Bay through an underwater tunnel (the Transbay Tube), and Northern San Mateo County, California communities and San Francisco International Airport on the San Francisco Peninsula.
In addition, a frequent commuter rail service, Caltrain, operates between San Francisco, San Jose, California and Gilroy, California. A small fleet of commuter ferries operate from the Embarcadero to points in Marin County, Oakland, and north to Vallejo in Solano County.
San Francisco International Airport (SFO) is located 8 miles (12.9 km) south of the city in San Mateo County on a landfill extension into the San Francisco Bay. It is the only major international hub airport in California other than LAX in Los Angeles. During the late 1990s economic boom, SFO was the sixth busiest international airport in the world, but has since fallen off of the top ten during the economic depression of 2000-2001. Rail extensions there include BART and Caltrain via BART at nearby Millbrae, California.
Other large airports in the region include Oakland International Airport (OAK), 20 miles (32.2 km) east of San Francisco and Norman Y. Mineta San Jose International Airport (SJC), 44 miles (70.8 km) southwest of San Francisco.
The Port of San Francisco was once the largest and busiest seaport on the west coast, but that title is now held by the joint ports of Los Angeles and Long Beach. The advent of container shipping made San Francisco's pier based port obsolete, as much of the city's container traffic is now limited to a small port in the south-east corner of the city, or sent across the bay to the Port of Oakland. Many of the piers remained derelict for years until recently, when the port converted many of the piers to office space and sold them. Most of the port's activities are now mostly for commuter ferries that leave from the Ferry Building, cruise ship docking, and tourism. There are now plans in the works to build a major cruise ship terminal/mall similar to Pier 39 at Piers 27-31, southeast of Pier 39.
Many notable people have hailed from or lived in San Francisco. Some notable examples are photographers Ansel Adams and Dorothea Lange, "mother" of Modern Dance Isadora Duncan, author Armistead Maupin, and 19th century author Robert Louis Stevenson.
American football legend O.J. Simpson, baseball legend Joe DiMaggio and Olympic gold medallist and Football Hall-of-famer Ollie Matson are all sports figures with San Francisco connections.
US Supreme Court Associate Justice Stephen Breyer, former Governors of California Jerry Brown and Pat Brown, US Senator Dianne Feinstein, House Minority Leader Nancy Pelosi, former US Secretaries of Defense Robert McNamara and Caspar Weinberger, and current FBI director Robert Mueller.
San Francisco is a haven for many filmmakers and actors, both mainstream and independent. Notable artists include film directors Francis Ford Coppola, George Lucas (who recently opened up his new mega millions digital center in the Presidio), Home Alone and Harry Potter director Chris Columbus and Quills Philip Kaufman, who set his most recent film Twisted in his adopted home city. Notable actors include Robin Williams, Danny Glover, Benjamin Bratt and Cheech Marin.
Other famous San Franciscans include philanthropist Gordon Getty, publisher William Randolph Hearst, journalist Ambrose Bierce, and co-founder of Intel Corporation and the author of Moore's law, Gordon E. Moore.
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Moore. 「僕達は天使だった」「Boku-tachi ha Tenshi Datta」 「We Were Angels」 (Lyrics: Yukinojō Mori, Music: Takeshi Ike, Arrangement: Osamu Tozuka, Vocals: Hironobu Kageyama). Other famous San Franciscans include philanthropist Gordon Getty, publisher William Randolph Hearst, journalist Ambrose Bierce, and co-founder of Intel Corporation and the author of Moore's law, Gordon E. 「でてこいとびきりZENKAIパワー!」 「Detekoi Tobikiri ZENKAI Power!」 「Come Out, Incredible ZENKAI Power!」 (Lyrics: Toshihisa Arakawa, Music: Takeshi Ike, Arrangement: Kenji Yamamoto, Vocals: MANNA). Notable actors include Robin Williams, Danny Glover, Benjamin Bratt and Cheech Marin. Rock the Dragon DBZ Theme DBZ Uncut Theme Eternal Sacrific - Tendril (Broly: The Legendary Super Saiyan theme song). Notable artists include film directors Francis Ford Coppola, George Lucas (who recently opened up his new mega millions digital center in the Presidio), Home Alone and Harry Potter director Chris Columbus and Quills Philip Kaufman, who set his most recent film Twisted in his adopted home city. 「WE GOTTA POWER」 (Lyrics: Yukinojō Mori, Music & Arrangement: Keiju Ishikawa, Vocals: Hironobu Kageyama). San Francisco is a haven for many filmmakers and actors, both mainstream and independent. 「CHA-LA HEAD-CHA-LA」 (Lyrics: Yukinojō Mori, Music: Chiho Kiyooka, Arrangement: Kenji Yamamoto, Vocals: Hironobu Kageyama). US Supreme Court Associate Justice Stephen Breyer, former Governors of California Jerry Brown and Pat Brown, US Senator Dianne Feinstein, House Minority Leader Nancy Pelosi, former US Secretaries of Defense Robert McNamara and Caspar Weinberger, and current FBI director Robert Mueller. Some notable examples are photographers Ansel Adams and Dorothea Lange, "mother" of Modern Dance Isadora Duncan, author Armistead Maupin, and 19th century author Robert Louis Stevenson. It is still unknown whether FUNimation will re-release all the DVDs with the correct episode and volume numbering but it is unlikely. Many notable people have hailed from or lived in San Francisco. Most of the old uncut DVDs by FUNimation (Gi'nyu Saga and up) do not have volume numbers and if they do, the numbers are inaccurate. There are now plans in the works to build a major cruise ship terminal/mall similar to Pier 39 at Piers 27-31, southeast of Pier 39. Because of Saban's cuts, all FUNimation released uncut DVDs have incorrect episode and volume numbering. Most of the port's activities are now mostly for commuter ferries that leave from the Ferry Building, cruise ship docking, and tourism. This episode was released as a "Bonus" episode on the Frieza - Transformation DVD. Many of the piers remained derelict for years until recently, when the port converted many of the piers to office space and sold them. FUNimation later cut one in the Freeza saga as well (Episode 80, Piccolo the Super-Namek). The advent of container shipping made San Francisco's pier based port obsolete, as much of the city's container traffic is now limited to a small port in the south-east corner of the city, or sent across the bay to the Port of Oakland. 1-67), 14 episodes worth of scenes were cut. The Port of San Francisco was once the largest and busiest seaport on the west coast, but that title is now held by the joint ports of Los Angeles and Long Beach. FUNimation dubbed the first release of DVDs which consisted of episodes 1-53 (jap. Mineta San Jose International Airport (SJC), 44 miles (70.8 km) southwest of San Francisco. The original Japanese episodes totaled to 291. Other large airports in the region include Oakland International Airport (OAK), 20 miles (32.2 km) east of San Francisco and Norman Y. The original dubs of the movies have the original music as well as scripts that are closer to the original. Rail extensions there include BART and Caltrain via BART at nearby Millbrae, California. FUNimation is also re-releasing the first 3 movies as Ultimate Uncut Editions, but the original dubs were actually more uncut. During the late 1990s economic boom, SFO was the sixth busiest international airport in the world, but has since fallen off of the top ten during the economic depression of 2000-2001. Recently, Funimation has begun to re-release the first 67 episodes in uncut form. It is the only major international hub airport in California other than LAX in Los Angeles. Movies 4-12 are also uncut and have been released by Funimation. San Francisco International Airport (SFO) is located 8 miles (12.9 km) south of the city in San Mateo County on a landfill extension into the San Francisco Bay. Starting with episode 68 (The Ginyu Saga), FUNimation has released all DVDs uncut. A small fleet of commuter ferries operate from the Embarcadero to points in Marin County, Oakland, and north to Vallejo in Solano County. If you want the uncut version which contains extra footage, blood, and some profanity, as well as Japanese audio, you're going to want to purchase the uncut DVDs by FUNimation. In addition, a frequent commuter rail service, Caltrain, operates between San Francisco, San Jose, California and Gilroy, California. If you wish to own every episode of Dragon Ball Z right now on DVD, this can be done with the edited version. BART (Bay Area Rapid Transit) is the regional transit system, which connects San Francisco with the East Bay through an underwater tunnel (the Transbay Tube), and Northern San Mateo County, California communities and San Francisco International Airport on the San Francisco Peninsula. Originally, the edited versions were aired on TV and were the first DVDs to be produced by Geneon [Pioneer]. Muni is the city-owned public transit system which operates the Muni Metro light rail system, the F Market heritage streetcar line and the famous San Francisco cable car system (see right), together with buses and trolleybuses. These releases are the uncut and edited versions. San Francisco has the most extensive public transit system on the West Coast and one of the most diverse in the country. Dragon Ball Z has seen 2 types of DVD releases. Interstate 280 runs from South of Market to the west, and then south towards Silicon Valley and Highway 1 or Park Presidio Blvd which bisects the westside of the city as an arterial thoroughfare. Recently, the official Dragon Ball Z website and FOX Studios have confirmed that they have no current plans for a Dragon Ball Z live action movie. Northbound, US 101 uses arterial streets, Van Ness Avenue and Lombard Street to the Golden Gate Bridge and Marin County. The movie was considered to have been in development, though no director had signed on and no casting had taken place, and there was no scheduled release date for the film. The major highways in San Francisco are Interstate 80 which begins at the Bay Bridge and goes eastbound; US 101 which extends Interstate 80 to the south towards Silicon Valley. In early 2004, production was halted, but in June 2004, screenwriter Ben Ramsey (The Big Hit) signed on to adapt Dragon Ball Z for the big screen. Similarly, the Golden Gate Bridge is the only direct road access to Marin County. Official news about the movie was primarily relayed through the official DBZ website or via the Internet Movie Database. From San Francisco, the Bay Bridge is the only direct automobile link to the East Bay. Several fan sites were created for the movie, though few had any verifiable information about the movie. Because of its unique geography —making "beltways" somewhat impractical— and the "Freeway Revolt" of the late 1950s, San Francisco is one of the few cities in the US including Boston and New York City that has opted for European style arterial thoroughfares instead of a large network of major highways. Magazines like Beckett Dragonball Z Collector as well as the official DBZ website began to write surveys and polls soliciting fan input about casting for the live action movie. However, San Francisco Bay Area Sport Officials are showing interest in yet another bid, for the 2016 games. Online forums were created for the express purpose of relaying rumors and "insider information" about the live action movie. bid but eventually lost to London to host the XXII Olympiad. This created a furor in the online fan community. Ultimately, New York won the U.S. In 2002, a rumor surfaced on the internet claiming that 20th Century Fox had acquired the rights to make a live action Dragon Ball Z motion picture. in the International bid to host the 2012 Summer Olympic Games. Majin-Boo Saga:. Olympic committee to represent the U.S. Cell Saga:. In 2004 San Francisco and New York City were the two finalists chosen by the U.S. Freeza Saga:. The city is also home to some famous golf courses, including the Harding Park Golf Course and the courses of the Olympic Club. Saiyan Saga:. Records aside, the race is best known for its colorful costumes and celebratory community spirit (it was initiated after the disastrous 1906 earthquake as a way to boost the city's spirits). For example, during the Freeza Saga, there is a flashback showing that Vegeta, Raditz and Nappa were already aware that Freeza destroyed their home planet long before the events in DBZ took place even though the series showed that Vegeta was not aware until Dodoria told him on Planet Namek. The city is also the home of the annual Bay to Breakers footrace, which holds the world records for greatest number of participants in a footrace (110,000 in 1986) as well as longest consecutively running footrace (annually since 1912). They have also been known to contradict the manga and often create new plot holes. The NCAA football Emerald Bowl is held in San Francisco each December. Garlic Junior's return from the Return my Gohan!! (Dead Zone) movie between the Freeza Saga and Trunks arc (pre-Cell Saga) are both good examples of this). Other regional college sports teams include the Stanford Cardinal, the San Jose Spartans and the California Golden Bears. As the anime series was forced to expand 12 pages of manga text into 20 minutes of animation footage, these changes were introduced to kill time or to allow the (anime) writers to explore some other aspect of the series' universe (the Anoyo-ichi Budōkai (Afterlife tournament) between the Cell Saga and Majin Buu Saga and the Garlic Junior arc, a.k.a. College sports include the USF Dons, San Francisco State Gators and the CCSF Rams. Filler doesn't come only in the form of side stories, though; sometimes it's as simple as adding some extra attacks into a fight. The South Bay is the home of the San Jose Sharks of the National Hockey League and of the San Jose Sabercats of the Arena Football League. The company behind the anime, Toei Animation, would occasionally make up their own little side stories to either further explain things, or simply to waste time. The Greater San Francisco Bay Area is home also to the Oakland Raiders of the National Football League and the Oakland Atheltics of Major League Baseball, whom both play in the McAfee Coliseum in Oakland, California. Filler is used to pad out the series for many reasons; in the case of Dragon Ball Z, more often than not, it was because the anime was running alongside the manga, and there was no way for the anime to run ahead of the manga (since Toriyama was still writing it, at the same time). San Francisco is the home of the San Francisco 49ers National Football League team, who play at Monster Park and the San Francisco Giants Major League Baseball team, who play at SBC Park. Strangely, these episodes have aired at a TV-PG rating, though this is probably just a mistake due to the sudden schedule change. San Francisco boasts legendary pop music venues such as The Fillmore and The Warfield. In response to this controversy, Cartoon Network officially removed the uncut version from their schedule on January 21, 2006 and replaced it with the original Saban-edited version from 1996, which heavily altered the show's content for young children. Major areas of nightlife in San Francisco are North Beach, the Mission District, the Marina, the Castro, and South of Market. Airing these episodes in the 7:30PM timeslot on Saturday nights makes this easier for young kids to watch them, as opposed to airing them at 10:30PM during the week, when most children are asleep. San Francisco also has varied nightlife ranging from bars to lounges to clubs. It also has a scene which shows one of Princess Snake's servents shooting herself in the head, but she doesn't die). Two additional gay choruses, the Lesbian/Gay Chorus of San Francisco and Golden Gate Men's Chorus, also perform throughout the year. While there weren't many complaints about earlier episodes, there was controversy from parents over episodes such as Gohan Goes Bananas (which shows Gohan transforming into an Oozaru and then back into a boy, during which his penis and testicles are shown) and Princess Snake (which shows Goku's bare buttocks while excercising in the spa and after he comes out. In addition to professional, mainstream performing arts, San Francisco is home to the 200-member San Francisco Gay Men's Chorus, the world's first gay chorus, as well as the San Francisco Lesbian/Gay Freedom Band, the world's first gay marching band. After Cartoon Network completed its airing of the uncut version on weeknights at 10:30PM EST, it was put on Toonami on Saturdays at 7:30PM EST. The city is also home to the American Conservatory Theater, also known as A.C.T., which has been a leading force in Bay Area performing arts since its founding in 1965. Even missing episodes that were totally left out by FUNimation are now shown, such as young Gohan helping out a robot that refused to help him as an act of teaching him to take care of himself, and eventually saved his life before he shut down and "died". San Francisco's Ballet and Opera are some of the oldest continuing performing arts companies in the United States. A comedic scene that is reintroduced is when Gokū accidentally pulls out a beer from the fridge and asking "Hey what’s this doing in here?" puts the beer back and pulls out a healthy sports drink. Performing arts venues in San Francisco include the San Francisco Symphony, the San Francisco Opera and the San Francisco Ballet. The Saibaimen are also more sadistic. Other museums include the International Museum of Women, the Museum of the African Diaspora, the Contemporary Jewish Museum, the Museum of Craft & Folk Art, the Cartoon Art Museum, and the Mexican Museum. Other new scenes include the showing of Gohan's lower central area (albeit not detailed) and Gokū's bare butt while bathing at Princess Snake's palace. de Young Memorial Museum, and the Asian Art Museum. In the new release though, she is constantly following Tien, because she is in love with him. H. Since Launch was not tough and her scenes included bank robbing, guns and alcohol, they decided to remove her. Notable San Francisco museums include the Museum of Modern Art (SFMOMA), the Palace of the Legion of Honor, the M. Other characters such as Korin, Piccolo, Tien, Chiaotzu, and Yajirobe had also not been seen in those 13 episodes, but since they were important to the plot, they were not cut. Through the years San Francisco has been the subject of popular songs, the most famous of which is arguably "I Left My Heart in San Francisco" by Tony Bennett. Scenes featuring Lunch also are restored; she was edited out of 4 episodes of the older version, because at the time they only dubbed the first 13 episodes of Dragon Ball, in which she did not appear. Famous fictional works set in San Francisco include The Joy Luck Club, The Maltese Falcon, and Tales of the City. Scenes containing graphic violence, like Vegeta blowing up a Saibaiman, Gokū shredding his hand on his training rope while on his way to Planet Namek, Vegeta slamming his arm clean through Zarbon's stomach, Vegeta decapitating Guldo and destroying his still-speaking disembodied head or Gohan getting severly beaten by Recoome are restored. The movies regarded as showing the city at its best include Bullitt, Dirty Harry, and Vertigo. Mild use of profanity is also heard, like Jeice saying "The crazy bastard killed Guldo!" and Vegeta shouting "Damn you, Kakarrot!" and numerous utterances of the words dammit, bastard and hell. Because of its beauty, San Francisco is a favorite location for movies. References to death and killing can be heard and Muten Rōshi's lecherous attempts on Bulma are shown at their fullest, too. It is the world's most popular destination for gay tourists and hosts San Francisco Pride, the world's largest gay pride parade and festival, in June. Most importantly, all fighting scenes are totally uncut, but several other differences can be seen, like foamy water now actually being beer, blood being red again (whereas the edited version showed purple) and shots of characters sticking up their middle fingers being left in. The high concentration of gay people in the Castro and Noe Valley, coupled with the city's historical contributions to gay rights, has earned San Francisco the reputation of the "Gay Mecca". In 2005, Cartoon Network started showing the uncut and unedited version of the first two seasons of Dragon Ball Z, similar to the Japanese original, although the English version features a darker opening theme, whereas the original OP themes were cheerful in tone and had bright, colorful animations. In 2004, it became the new home of the Loveparade that used to be held in Berlin. Since the series is a continuing story, Cartoon Network held off the rest of the 5th season until a few months later. Movements instrumental in this change include the beat generation or beatniks, the San Francisco Renaissance in the 1950s, hippie culture, women's liberation, gay civil rights, the Summer of Love in the Haight Ashbury, the rise of a substantial punk scene in the 1970s and 1980s, and the rave culture of the 1990s. Shortly after the September 11 attacks, CN cut an episode of Dragon Ball Z where Gohan saves a plane from crashing, then later has to deal with a burning skyscraper office building, due to the obvious parallel imagery. In the years following World War II, San Francisco accelerated its transformation into a center of alternative culture and lifestyles. Combined with a widely criticized quality of voice acting, many feel that the English version of Dragon Ball Z almost seems like an entirely different show than the original, and this has led many familiar with the Japanese series to dislike FUNimation's version. Some of the most notable landmarks are the Transamerica Pyramid and Golden Gate Bridge. To an equal extent, many fans who object to censoring have taken issue with changes that are not seen as necessary, such as extraneous dialogue not found in the original, dubbing that sways the English version in its own creative direction (example: the TV audience booing Gokū's appearance during the dubbed Cell Saga while cheering him in the Japanese series), and the replacement of the original musical score. The two most notable universities in the metropolitan area outside of the city limits are:. The full scene is viewable by purchase of the Frieza-Transformation (Uncut version) VHS or DVD. Private colleges and universities:. All blood was removed from the already edited version. Public colleges and universities include:. Non-graphic scenes such as the beginning (Krillin getting stabbed) and the end (Krillin getting thrown into the water) were kept in. Despite its limited geographical space, San Francisco is home to a multitude of colleges and universities. A very violent scene with the extended version of Freeza's impalement of Krillin during the Freeza saga was edited out on CN and merged with the other two episodes. The city is served by San Francisco Unified School District, the Archdiocese of San Francisco's dozens of Catholic elementary and high schools, and many other private schools. Satan" was changed to "Hercule" in the edited dub. Many major American and international banks and venture capital firms have all set up their regional headquarters in the city. The character "Mr. The Pacific Exchange is located in the financial district. The distribution of the redubs started in April 2005. Federal Reserve as well as major production facilities for the United States Mint. They also redubbed the first three movies that were also dubbed by the Ocean Group voice actors but were distributed by Pioneer. It is the home of the twelfth district of the U.S. In 2003, FUNimation decided to redub the first two sagas of Dragon Ball Z, to remove the problems that were caused from their previous partnership with Saban. West Coast. Subsequent DVD and VHS releases of those episodes were not censored in any way. Because of the California gold rush, San Francisco is one of the banking and financial centers of the U.S. Some censoring, of nudity, however, was still unavoidable. The Phoenix symbolizes the city's emergence from the ashes of several devastating fires in the early 1850's. FUNimation did the dubbing on their own this time around with their own voice actors, meeting again with mostly critical reactions. Above is a rising phoenix and behind is the bay with sailing ships. Starting with the Gi'nyu (3rd US season) on Cartoon Network, censorship was reduced due to fewer restrictions on cable programming. The seal, which was adopted in the 1850s, depicts two working men, on one side a miner and on the other a sailor with a sextant. One of the biggest points raised by critics of the editing of violence is that the removal of wounds, blood, and death from a show ultimately about fighting will encourage violence without showing any of the consequences. Underneath the phoenix it has a motto written in Spanish: "Oro en Paz, Fierro en Guerra," which translates into: "Gold in Peace, Iron in War.". These changes left many fans irate, and some Dragon Ball purists refuse to watch the American version of the show. The flag depicts a rising Phoenix, symbolic of the City's recovery from the 1906 fire. This amount of editing led to characters' speech not matching what occurred on screen, unrealistic and twisted plots with major holes, and obviously altered images. In addition, the city is the seat of the First Appellate District of the State Courts of Appeals and the San Francisco County Superior Court. The most infamous dialogue edits would be the characters saying "I will send you to another dimension," rather than "I will kill you", and another where after a villian destroys a helicopter, one of the characters exclaims "It's okay, I can see their parachutes!" when in the original version the crew died with the vehicle. The California Supreme Court also maintains branch offices in Los Angeles and Sacramento. The dialogue was changed, removing references to Heaven, Hell, God, and death. jurisdictions whose highest court and judicial seat is not in the official state or territorial capital. Dead bodies lingering on the battlefield during ongoing fights were not shown, implying they were taken away or vaporized altogether. California, along with Louisiana - its Supreme Court is in New Orleans - are the only U.S. Many violent scenes were left on the cutting room floor and others had wounds digitally removed or blood re-colored as spit. The Supreme Court of California is also headquartered in San Francisco, making The City the de facto judicial capital of the state. For example, FUNimation digitally removed the cigarette from one character's mouth, and digitally pasted the word ROOT above a sign that said BEER to make it say "ROOT BEER." Clear glasses with beer were recolored blue to create frothy mugs of water. Court of Appeals and the Federal District Court for Northern California are headquartered in San Francisco. The series underwent many changes, with the removal of nudity and partial nudity, references to sex, alcohol, and smoking. The Ninth Circuit U.S. When it was marketed in the US, the distribution company FUNimation alongside with Saban decided to initially focus exclusively on the young children's market, because the anime market was still small compared to the much larger children's cartoon market. As the largest city on the west coast before World War I, San Francisco became and remains the legal hub for the western United States. Dragon Ball Z was marketed to appeal to a wide range of viewers from all ages, and contains crude humor and occasional excesses of violence which are commonly seen as inappropriate for younger audiences by American standards. The Mayor's 2005-2006 proposed budget forecasts general fund expenditures of $2.44 billion. One of the biggest criticisms of the series in North America from fans is the extensive amount of editing and other changes it faced, in order to be broadcast. A person appointed or elected to fill a vacancy of less than two years is not deemed to have served a full term for purposes of term limits, whereas a person who fills a vacancy with more than two years remaining in the term is deemed to serve a full term and will be able to run for a consecutive term only once. Because of inconsistencies both in the original manga and the anime series, and the common acceptance of the anime as canon, much debate is had by the younger fanbase as to the relative strength (or power levels, speaking in series terms) of the various characters. Vacancies on the Board of Supervisors are filled by mayoral appointment, subject to special election (except as the Charter permits an appointee to remain in office until the general election for the seat is held). Many of these connections are a deliberate attempt by Akira Toriyama to pay homage to the Western superhero archetype, just as the earlier Dragon Ball series paid homage to Chinese folk archetypes. Eyed warily by some and optimistically by others - in both cases owing to the belief that single-transfer voting might favour so-called "progressive" and "minority party" candidates over so-called "conservative" and "mainstream party" candidates - the 2004 general election results showed that belief to be unfounded, as all incumbent Supervisors were returned to office. The main character of Dragon Ball Z, Son Gokū, is often compared to the DC Comics hero Superman, due to their outward similarities in origins (as redefined in DBZ) and abilities. The process continues, as necessary, until one candidate achieves a majority of votes cast and is then declared the winner. While contributing much to the shōnen genre in Japan, some feel Dragon Ball Z has created a stereotype associated with anime at large in the West amongst those outside the anime community. If a candidate does not achieve a majority of votes cast when the first choice votes are counted, the candidate with the least number of votes is eliminated and the second choice votes on those ballots are tabulated and "transferred" to the remaining candidates. In response, fans of Dragon Ball Z have countered that many who criticize the series sound as though they don't know it as well as they'd like to think. Under this new ranked-choice system, whenever there are more than two candidates for an office, voters rank their choices in order of preference. These range from simple lack of interest to downright vocal hatred of the series as overrated and superficial. This system replaced the old, expensive system of run-off elections. Due to its length, associated varying production quality, creative devices, and sometimes overenthusiastic young fanbase, anime fandom at large has mixed reactions to the series. A single vote transfer system of elections was approved by the electorate and implemented in time for the 2004 general election. Dragon Ball Z was (and largely still is) the most popular shōnen anime series in the worldwide. Thus, Tom Ammiano, who was elected to the Board of Supervisors in 1994 and 1998 under the old system, then again in 2000 under the new system, was able to run yet again in 2004 (and won). There also is a change from the rather myth-oriented theme to a more science fiction oriented one, interpreting several facts from a very different point of view. As part of the change to district elections, however, this provision applies to supervisors only as of the first full term of election following its implementation in 2000. The overall mood changes significantly from the one of Dragon Ball, as tournaments and personal vendettas are replaced by wars against alien villains threatening earth in its whole, changing the focus to violent battles and the feeling of a power struggle. None may serve more than two consecutive terms. The series progresses dramatically throughout its entire run. The Mayor and members of the Board of Supervisors are subject to term limits under the San Francisco Charter. Many of the main characters die, are resurrected, get married and/or have children. This is done by secret ballot, typically at the first meeting of the new session commencing after the general election. As the series progresses, Son Gokū, his son, Son Gohan, and their companions age, get immensely stronger and fight increasingly more powerful and sinister villains. The President of the Board of Supervisors, under the new system, is elected by the members of the Board from among their number. After many years, Gokū comes face to face with Freeza and his wrath, in a decisive fight of good against evil. Supervisors representing even-numbered districts (2, 4, 6, 8, and 10) were elected to transitional two-year terms in 2000, thereafter to be elected every fourth year (2002, 2006, 2010, etc.). (See Frieza Family Tree) Freeza killed Gokū's father Bardock ( or in the manga Burdock) as well as King Vegeta when he attacked and obliterated the entire Saiyan planet from existence. Supervisors representing odd-numbered districts (1, 3, 5, 7, 9, and 11) are elected every fourth year counted from 2000 (so, 2000, 2004, 2008, etc.). Zarbon, Freeza's top henchman, had requested that the best solution would have been the complete annihilation and extinction of the Saiyan race, thus triggering Freeza's wrath. The terms are staggered so that only half the board is elected every two years, thereby providing continuity. Gokū later learns that his race was destroyed by the one and only Master Freeza, the planet-conquering maniacal onslaught of an alien. Under the current system, Supervisors are elected by district to four-year terms. This, however, is the trigger for events of even greater magnitude to happen, making Gokū and his friends the foremost defenders of Earth, mankind and ultimately the whole universe. Following the assassinations of Supervisor Milk and Mayor George Moscone a year later, by Supervisor Dan White who had just resigned, district elections were deemed divisive and San Francisco returned to at-large elections until the current system was implemented in 2000. When he refuses to reassume this task, Raditz challenges him to a lethal battle in which Gokū sacrifices himself to beat his brother (with the prospect of resurrection by the Dragon Balls). The first district-based elections in 1977 resulted in a radical change to the composition of the Board, including the election of Harvey Milk, only the third openly gay or lesbian individual (and the first who was male) elected to public office in the United States. After a visit from his previously unknown brother Raditz, he discovers that he belongs to an alien race called Saiya-jin or Saiyan and that his kind once sent him to Earth to destroy it. The person who received the most votes was elected President of the Board of Supervisors, and the next ten were elected to seats on the board. Son Gokū, the protagonist, is an extremely powerful but somewhat naïve martial artist. All candidates appeared together on the ballot. . Prior to 1977 and again from 1980 through 2000, the San Francisco Board of Supervisors was elected at-large. Toriyama's humor/parody manga Neko Majin Z features several concepts introduced in Dragon Ball Z (several Dragon Ball Z characters even make various appearances), but that manga is designed as a parody and not a true continuation of the series. Throughout the United States, almost all cities and counties with populations in excess of 20,000 divide the jurisdiction into electoral districts (in cities, often called "wards") to ensure proportionate representation of the whole community and to evenly distribute the community interaction workload evenly among the members of the governing body (city council, county board of supervisors, etc.) But California has always been disinclined to follow examples set by the rest of the country; and San Francisco, notwithstanding a population of 0.7 million, has been no exception. This series is not based on a manga by Akira Toriyama. How the Board of Supervisors shall be elected has been a bone of contention in recent San Francisco history. After Dragon Ball Z, the story of Son Gokū and friends continues in the anime-only series Dragon Ball GT. The current president of the Board is Aaron Peskin, who represents District 3. It aired in the UK, albeit with the same dubbing problem, on Cartoon Network, premiering on March 6, 2000 and running until 2002, with the final few episodes being shown on CNX starting from October 14, 2002, before that channel relaunched as Toonami, on which it was repeated daily. The eleven members of the Board of Supervisors (as of January 2005) are listed in the table at right by district number[4]. In the U.S., the series ran between 1996 and 2003, though not always on the same networks or with continuity of dubbing. If the mayor dies or resigns, the President of the Board of Supervisors assumes the office until a special election can be held. The anime first premiered in Japan on April 18, 1989 (on Fuji TV) at 7:00 PM and ended on January 31, 1996. The current mayor is Gavin Newsom. Originally, creator Akira Toriyama had planned to end the series after the Freeza Saga, but was made a significant offer to keep it going due to the story's continued value. presidential election. The separation between the series is also significant as the latter series takes on a more dramatic and serious tone. The mayor is elected every four years, in the odd-numbered year that precedes the U.S. While the original Dragon Ball anime followed Gokū through childhood into adulthood, Dragon Ball Z is a continuation of his adulthood life. Under the current charter, the Government of San Francisco is constituted of two co-equal branches - the executive or administrative branch, which is headed by the mayor and includes other city-wide elected and appointed officials, and the civil service; and the legislative branch, which is constituted of the San Francisco Board of Supervisors, which exercises general oversight over all city and county functions. The series follows the adventures of the adult Son Gokū who, along with his companions, defends the earth against assorted villains. San Francisco exercises jurisdiction over the Hetch Hetchy Valley and watershed, in Yosemite National Park, pursuant to a perpetual leasehold granted by Act of Congress in 1913, the Raker Act. The series is a close adaptation of the second half of the Dragon Ball manga (in the United States, the manga's second half is also titled Dragon Ball Z to prevent confusion), but also features characters, situations and backstories not present in the original. Thus, the airport, which is about 15 miles south of mainland San Francisco, is legally part of San Francisco because the municipality owns it. Because counties are administrative divisions of the state, it is legally impossible for two counties to occupy or exercise jurisdiction over the same piece of land. Dragon Ball Z: Sagas for the PS2, GC, and Xbox. San Francisco International Airport, for example, would be located within San Mateo County but for the fact it is owned and operated by the City and County of San Francisco. Dragon Ball Z: Collectible Card Game for the GBA. It is in the latter capacity that San Francisco exercises jurisdiction over property that would otherwise be located outside of its corporation limit. Dragon Ball Z: Shin Butoden. San Francisco's unique status also makes it a municipal corporation and an administrative division of the state. Dragon Ball Z Legends. San Francisco is the only California city with a board of supervisors, which is also the city council. Dragon Ball Z Legends. It is the only metropolitan municipality in California and the only California county with a mayor who is also the county executive. The Plan to Eradicate the Saiyans - Part 2. As the official name implies, the City and County San Francisco is a metropolitan municipality, being simultaneously a charter city and charter county with a consolidated government. The Plan to Eradicate the Saiyans - Part 1. Out of the total population, 13.5% of those under the age of 18 and 10.5% of those 65 and older are living below the poverty line. Dragon Ball Z: Gokū Gekitō Den (1995). 11.3% of the population and 7.8% of families are below the poverty line. Dragon Ball Z: Gokū Hishō Den (1994). The per capita income for the city is $34,556 which is ranked as the 19th highest in the country. Dragon Ball Z: Idainaru Son Gokū Densetsu (Three out of the seven levels) (1994). Males have a median income of $46,260 versus $40,049 for females. Dragon Ball Z: Buyū Retsuden (1994). The median income for a household in the city is $55,221, and the median income for a family is $63,545 one of the highest in the United States at 15th place overall and 3rd in a single large city. Dragon Ball Z: Hyper Dimension (1996). For every 100 females age 18 and over, there are 103.1 males. Dragon Ball Z: Super Gokū Den 2 (The last two thirds of the game) (1995). For every 100 females there are 103.4 males. Dragon Ball Z: Super Gokū Den (1995). The median age is 36 years. Dragon Ball Z: Super Butoden 3 (1994). In the city the population is spread out with 14.5% under the age of 18, 9.1% from 18 to 24, 40.5% from 25 to 44, 22.3% from 45 to 64, and 13.7% who are 65 years of age or older. Dragon Ball Z: Super Butoden 2 (1993). San Francisco has fewer children, in proportion to the population as a whole, than any other large city in the United States. Dragon Ball Z: Super Butoden (1993). The average household size is 2.30 and the average family size is 3.22. Dragon Ball Z: Super Saiyan Legend (1992). 38.6% of all households are made up of individuals and 9.8% have someone living alone who is 65 years of age or older. Dragon Ball Z Supplement: The Plan to Eradicate the Saiyans (1993). There are 329,700 households out of which 16.6% have children under the age of 18 living with them, 31.6% are married couples living together, 8.9% have a female head of household with no husband present, and 56.0% are non-families. Dragon Ball Z: Barcode Battler (1992). Gay men outnumber lesbians, who are more concentrated in the suburban East Bay. Dragon Ball Z 3: Resen Jinzōningen (1992). The City has the highest percentage of gay families (as well as a large numbers of single gay people) of any American county or large city. Dragon Ball Z 2: Gekishin Freeza!! 1991). San Francisco has the largest Chinese population in America and the largest Asian population outside of Hawaii. Dragon Ball Z: Kyosho! Saiyan (1990). The ethnic makeup is 19.6% Chinese, 8.8% Irish, 7.7% German, and 6.1% English. Dragon Ball Z: Super Sonic Warriors 2 (Dragon Ball Z: Bukū Ressen). 14.10% of the population are Hispanic or Latino of any race. Dragon Ball Z: Budokai 2 (Dragon Ball Z 2). The racial makeup of the city is 49.66% White, 7.79% African American, 0.45% Native American, 30.84% Asian, 0.49% Pacific Islander, 6.48% from other races, and 4.28% from two or more races. Dragon Ball Z: Budōkai (Dragon Ball Z). There are 346,527 housing units at an average density of 2,865.6/km² (7,421.2/mi²). Dragon Ball Z: Buu's Fury. The population density is 6,423.2/km² (16,634.4/mi²), making it the second densest city of 500,000 or more, as well as the fifth densest county, in the country [3]. Dragon Ball Z: Bukū Tōgeki (Dragon Ball Z: Super Sonic Warriors). As of the censusGR2 of 2000, there are 776,733 people, 329,700 households, and 145,068 families residing in the city. Dragon Ball Z: Taiketsu. San Francisco also contains many public beaches, the most notable being Baker Beach and Ocean Beach. Dragon Ball Z: The Legacy of Goku I & II. A large fresh-water lake, Lake Merced, is located in the south west corner of the city near San Francisco State University and Fort Funston. Dragon Ball Z: The Legacy of Goku II (Dragon Ball Z: Legacy of Gokū 2: International). Buena Vista Park located in the Haight-Ashbury, is the city's oldest, established in 1867, nearby Alamo Square is famous for its views of the city and the famous Victorian houses known as the Painted Ladies. Dragon Ball Z: The Legacy of Goku. The Presidio is part of the Golden Gate National Recreation Area, which includes Alcatraz, and many other large local parks. Dragon Ball Z: Sagas. Another notable park is The Presidio at the south edge of the Golden Gate. Dragon Ball Z: Sparking! (Dragon Ball Z: Budōkai Tenka-ichi). The best-known, as well as biggest, park is Golden Gate Park which is 174 acres larger than New York's Central Park. Dragon Ball Z: Budōkai 3 (Dragon Ball Z 3). The cornerstones of this development are the SBC Park baseball stadium and an extension of the University of California, San Francisco medical school. Dragon Ball Z: Budōkai 2 (Dragon Ball Z 2). A new neighborhood, Mission Bay, is being redeveloped from an industrial area at the far eastern end of South of Market. Dragon Ball Z: Budōkai (Dragon Ball Z). The South of Market neighborhood was an epicenter of the dot-com boom of the late 1990s. Dragon Ball Z: Legendary Super Warriors (Dragon Ball Z: Densetsu no Chou Senshi-tachi). Current demographic and land use expansion is concentrated in the east and south. Dragon Ball GT: Final Bout. Coit Tower, a notable landmark dedicated to San Francisco's firefighters, is located at the top of Telegraph Hill. Dragon Ball Z: Ultimate Battle 22. Along with New Orleans' streetcars, San Francisco's cable cars are one of only two mobile United States National Monuments. Dragon Ball Z: Legends. It is still possible to take a cable car ride up and down Nob and Russian Hills. Episodes 200~291. San Francisco is also famous for its Cable cars (narrow gauge, 3'6" (1067 mm)), which were designed to carry residents up those steep hills. Episodes 1~199. Not to be missed are the beautiful homes and area of the city known as Pacific Heights as well as victorians in the Haight-Ashbury and the "painted ladies" of Alamo Square and the Castro. Episodes 200~291. (See The Castro for more gay demographics.). Version 3: episodes 118~199. In addition to the predominantly gay Castro, there are significant concentrations of gays in Noe Valley, Diamond Heights, Bernal Heights, Potrero Hill, Haight-Ashbury, Hayes Valley, and SOMA. Version 2: episodes 22~117. The Castro neighborhood has the world's highest concentration of homosexuals. Version 1: episodes 1~21. Haight-Ashbury gained prominence during the "Summer of Love" 1960s for its counter-culture and concentration of hippies. TV Special #2: The History of Trunks. Russian Hill is a residential neighborhood most famous for Lombard Street "the crookedest street in the world". TV Special #1: Bardock: The Father of Goku. The predominantly Hispanic Mission District is the oldest neighborhood in the city, being the site of Mission Dolores, established in 1776. Movie #13: Dragonfist Explosion (FUNimation title unknown). It also boasts a budding Vietnamese community in the Tenderloin neighborhood, Filipinos in Crocker-Amazon and South of Market, an Italian community in North Beach, a French Quarter, and Irish, Chinese, and Russian communities in the Richmond District. Movie #12: Fusion Reborn (Not yet released, coming 3/28/2006). San Francisco has a Japantown and Chinatown; both are among the largest and oldest in the US. Movie #11: Bio-Broly. May through September are almost completely free of precipitation. Movie #10: Broly: Second Coming. San Francisco receives an average of 19.97 in (507.3 mm) of precipitation annually, 85% of which falls between November and March. Movie #9: Bojack Unbound. In September (the warmest month), lows average 56° F (13° C) and highs average 71° F (22° C). Movie #8: Broly: The Legendary Super Saiyan. In January, morning lows average 46° F (8° C) and afternoon highs average 58° F (14° C). Movie #7: Super Android 13. In the summer months it will regularly be very foggy and cool in the Sunset District in the western half of San Francisco at the same time that it is sunny and at least 10° F warmer downtown or in the bayside neighborhood of Hunters Point. Movie #6: The Return of Cooler. Even within the city itself there are distinct microclimates, generally much more differentiated in the summer than in the winter. Movie #5: Cooler's Revenge. The fog is less pronounced during the late spring and during the months of September and October, which are generally the warmest, most summer-like months of the year in San Francisco. Movie #4: Lord Slug. Thus, summer temperatures in San Francisco are significantly lower than in inland locations of the Bay Area and parts of inland California such as the Central Valley, where temperatures regularly top 104° F (40° C) in the summer. Movie #3: The Tree of Might (uncut version released on VHS, LaserDisc, and DVD in November 1997). The combination of cold ocean water and the high heat of the California mainland creates the city's characteristic foggy weather that can cover the western half of the city in fog all day during the summer and early fall, as well as cover the rest of the San Francisco metropolitan area as far as 35-50 miles inland (the fog often burns off during the day at inland locations). Movie #2: World's Strongest (uncut version not yet released, coming ?????). The Pacific Ocean off the west coast of the city is particularly cold year round with the ocean temperature at about 50° F (10° C) throughout the year. Movie #1: Dead Zone. Snowfall is extraordinarily rare [1]. 91 Kid Buu - A New Beginning Eps #273-276 (Eps #288-291). Rain in the summer is extremely rare, but winters can be very rainy. Vol. The weather is remarkably cool all year round, characterized by often foggy summers and rainy winters; average daily high temperatures in the summer typically range from 60 - 75° F (15 to 24° C), while in the winter it hovers between 50° - 60° F (10° C to 15° C) during the day but can, on a very cold day, fall to between 41° F (5° C) and freezing at night, although during nearly all winters no temperatures at or below freezing are recorded in most parts of the city. 90 Kid Buu - The Price of Victory Eps #270-272 (Eps #285-287). Surrounded on three sides by water, San Francisco's climate is strongly influenced by the cool currents of the Pacific Ocean. Vol. In 1997 Treasure Island was returned to the city and it provides a unique vantage point to view the San Francisco skyline. 89 Kid Buu - Vegeta's Plea Eps #267-269 (Eps #282-284). It was a site for the 1939 San Francisco World's Fair, and it was originally envisioned that Treasure Island would serve as the site for San Francisco's municipal airport, but it became a Navy base at the start of World War II. Vol. It was constructed from material dredged from the bay as well as material resulting from tunnelling through Yerba Buena Island in the construction of the Bay Bridge. 88 Kid Buu - Saiyan Pride Eps #264-266 (Eps #279-281). The most impressive example of an "infill neighborhood" is Treasure Island. Vol. Such land is extremely unstable during earthquakes; the resultant liquefaction during earthquakes causes extensive damage to property built upon it, as was evidenced in the Marina district during the 1989 Loma Prieta Earthquake. 87 Kid Buu - Regression Eps #261-263 (Eps #276-278). Entire neighborhoods of the city such as the Marina and Hunters Point were created and sit on man made landfill (made up of mud, sand, and rubble from past earthquakes) and other reclamation projects over the San Francisco Bay when flatland became scarce. Vol. New buildings must be built to very high structural standards, while many dollars must be spent to retrofit the city's older buildings and bridges. 86 Fusion - Internal Struggle Eps #257-260 (Eps #272-275). The threat of another major earthquake like the 1906 one plays a major role in the city's infrastructure development. Vol. The Loma Prieta earthquake of 1989, which also did significant damage to parts of the city, is also famous for having interrupted a World Series baseball game between the Bay Area's two Major League Baseball teams, the San Francisco Giants and the Oakland Athletics. 85 Fusion - The Last Saiyaman Eps #254-256 (Eps #269-271). The Daly City Earthquake of 1957 caused some damage. Vol. Earlier significant quakes rocked the city in 1851, 1858, 1865, and 1868. 84 Fusion - Hope Returns Eps #251-253 (Eps #266-268). The most serious earthquake, in 1906, is mentioned above. Vol. San Francisco lies near the San Andreas Fault and Hayward Fault, two major sources of earthquake activity in California. 83 Fusion - Ambush Eps #248-250 (Eps #263-265). On top of Mount Davidson is a 103 foot (31.4 meter) tall cross built in 1934. Vol. About 1 mile (1.2km) south of Mount Sutro is San Francisco's highest mountain, Mount Davidson, which is over over 925 feet (282 meters) high. 82 Fusion - Losing Battle Eps #245-247 (Eps #260-262). Nearby are the equally well known Twin Peaks, which are a pair of hills resting at one of the city's highest points. Vol. Dominating this area is Mount Sutro, which is the site of Sutro Tower, a large red and white radio transmission tower, that is a well known landmark to city residents. 81 Fusion - Play for Time Eps #242-244 (Eps #257-259). Near the geographic center of the city and away from the downtown area are a series of less populated hills. Vol. Some of these hills are neighborhoods such as Nob Hill, Pacific Heights, Russian Hill, and Telegraph Hill, while some of these hills are public parks and open space such as Twin Peaks, Mount Sutro, Mount Davidson, and Buena Vista Park. 80 Fusion - Evil Buu Eps #239-241 (Eps #254-256). There are a total of 42 hills within city limits. Vol. A "hill" in San Francisco is an elevation that is over 100 ft (30 m). 79 Majin Buu - Emergence Eps #235-238 (Eps #250-253). San Francisco is famous for its hills. Vol. The geographical center of the city is on the east side of Grandview Avenue between Alvarado and Twenty-third Streets. 78 Majin Buu - A Hero's Farewell Eps #232-234 (Eps #247-249). The city proper is often reputed to be roughly a seven mile square, and in fact is only slightly smaller. Vol. The total area is 79.86% water. 77 Majin Buu - Defiance Eps #229-231 (Eps #244-246). 46.7 mi² (120.9 km²) of it is land and 185.2 mi² (479.7 km²) of it is water. Vol. According to the United States Census Bureau, the city and county has a total area of 231.9 mi² (600.7 km²). 76 Majin Buu - Tacticts Eps #226-228 (Eps #241-243). The problem is a source of much discussion, and has become a significant factor in the politics of the city, most importantly in the mayoral campaigns of Frank Jordan and Gavin Newsom. Vol. The city has the highest number of homeless inhabitants per capita of any major city in the United States. 75 Majin Buu - Revival Eps #223-225 (Eps #238-240). Homelessness has been a controversial and chronic problem for San Francisco for many years. Vol. High technology continues to be a mainstay of San Francisco's economy in the early 21st century. 74 Majin Buu - Attonment Eps #220-222 (Eps #235-237). When the dot-com bubble burst, it had a major impact on the city's employment and venture-capital markets, but housing has remained expensive. Vol. During the dot-com boom of the 1990s, large numbers of entrepreneurs and computer software professionals moved into the city, followed by marketing and sales professionals, and changed the social landscape as once poorer neighborhoods became gentrified; the boom was over by 2001. 73 Majin Buu - The Hatching Eps #217-219 (Eps #232-234). A further wave of economic expansion and physical development began in the 1980s, with a boom in construction of skyscrapers and high-rise apartments that some referred to as "Manhattanization". Vol. In San Francisco, the quake severely damaged many of the city's freeways, as well as the Marina District and the South of Market. 72 Babidi - Rivals Eps #214-216 (Eps #229-231). The 1989 Loma Prieta earthquake caused significant destruction and loss of life throughout the Bay Area. Vol. city. 71 Babidi - Dark Prince Returns Eps #211-213 (Eps #226-228). It also became a center of the Gay Liberation movement; San Francisco has a higher percentage of gay men and lesbians than any other major U.S. Vol. In the second half of the 20th century, San Francisco became a magnet for America's counterculture, drawing artists, Beat Generation writers, rock musicians and hippies. 70 Babidi - Battle Royale Eps #208-210 (Eps #223-225). Urban planning projects in the 1950s further transformed the city, tearing down and redeveloping many neighborhoods and introducing major freeways. Vol. The opening of the San Francisco-Oakland Bay Bridge and the Golden Gate Bridge in 1936 and 1937 made the city more accessible, and its population grew faster in the 1940s due to its importance as a military base in World War II. 68 Babidi - Decent Eps #205-207 (Eps #220-222). At least 3,000 died, while refugees settled temporarily in Golden Gate Park and in undeveloped areas. Vol. The 1906 San Francisco earthquake, and the fires that followed it (burning out of control due to the loss of water supply), destroyed approximately 80% of the city, including almost all of the downtown core. 68 World Tournament - Blackout Eps #201-204 (Eps #216-219). Hostility toward immigrants contributed to lynchings and race riots in the 1850s, and to the Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882, which drastically restricted immigration from China until 1943. Vol. The influx of Chinese workers created a sizable Chinatown district, and Chinese Americans remain one of the city's largest ethnic groups. 67 World Tournament - The Draw Eps #198-200 (Eps #213-215). The county originally included what is now San Mateo County. Vol. state in 1850 as it breifly served as its state capital before it moved to San Jose and eventually its permanent home in Sacramento. 66 World Tournament - Junior Division Eps #195-197 (Eps #210-212). San Francisco became a county when California became a U.S. Vol. The railroad, banking, and mining industries became major economic forces in the city. 65 Great Saiyaman - Crash Course Eps #192-194 (Eps #207-209). But a year later, the California gold rush brought a wave of migration and immigration, raising the population from 1,000 to 25,000 by December 1849. Vol. At that point, despite its useful location as a port and naval base, San Francisco was still a small settlement with inhospitable geography. 64 Great Saiyaman - Declaration Eps #189-191 (Eps #204-206). The United States claimed the city on January 30, 1847, during the Mexican-American War. Vol. It was during this period that increased American and European settlement increased. 63 Great Saiyaman - Gohan's Secret Eps #186-188 (Eps #201-203). The area fell into Mexican hands following its independence and fell into isolation. Vol. Russians also coexisted with the Europeans, having colonized Northern California as far south as Fort Ross in Sonoma County. 62 Great Saiyaman - Final Round Eps #183-185 (Eps #198-200). Though Spain held the port until the Mexican revolution, there was also British settlement in the form of fur trading settlements in the area from 1792 onward following a visit from explorer George Vancouver (the earlier English explorer Sir Francis Drake had missed San Francisco entirely, due to the bay's characteristic foggy weather). Vol. A small military fort was also established in what is now the Presidio and on Alcatraz island in the bay, as well as a small village called Yerba Buena. 61 Great Saiyaman - Opening Ceremony Eps #180-182 (Eps #195-197). The first Spanish mission, Mission San Francisco de Asis, was established six years later. Vol. The first European to reach the San Francisco Bay was the Spanish explorer Don Gaspar de Portolà,in 1770. 60 Cell Games - Nightmares End Eps #176-179 (Eps #191-194). By the middle of the 19th century, disease and warfare with European settlers had virtually wiped out the indigenous tribes. Vol. Native Americans inhabited the San Francisco Bay Area at least 10,000 years ago; the most recent inhabitants prior to European settlement were the Yelamu. 59 Cell Games - Sacrifice Eps #172-175 (Eps #187-190). . Vol. San Francisco's famous hallmarks include its cable cars and the Golden Gate Bridge, which are recognized worldwide. 58 Cell Games - Awakening Eps #169-171 (Eps #184-186). San Francisco has unique characteristics when compared to other major cities in the U.S., including its steep rolling hills, an eclectic mix of architecture including both Victorian style houses and modern skyscrapers, and natural beauty, surrounded by the Pacific Ocean and San Francisco Bay. Vol. It was a center of the dot-com boom and the explosive growth of the Internet at the end of the century. 57 Cell Games - Earth's Last Hope Eps #166-168 (Eps #181-183). Long enjoying a bohemian reputation the city became a counterculture magnet in the second half of the 20th century. Vol. The phoenix on the city's flag represents San Francisco's "rebirth" from the ashes of the fire that resulted from the quake. 56 Cell Games - Surrender Eps #163-165 (Eps #178-280). Devastated by the 1906 San Francisco earthquake, the city was quickly rebuilt. Vol. With the advent of the California gold rush in 1848, and the Comstock Lode and silver mines in 1859, the city entered a period of rapid growth. 55 Cell Games - The Games Begin Eps #160-162 (Eps #175-177). The first Europeans to settle in San Francisco were the Spanish, in 1776. Vol. city aside from New York City. 54 Cell Games - A Guardians Return Eps #157-159 (Eps #172-174). census data show that San Francisco has the highest population density of any major U.S. Vol. U.S. 53 Cell Games - A Moments Peace Eps #154-156 (Eps #169-171). The city is a focal point of the San Francisco Bay Area, and forms part of the greater San Jose-San Francisco-Oakland Combined Statistical Area (CSA), whose population is over 7 million. Vol. (See Islands of San Francisco Bay). 52 Cell Games - Ultimatum Eps #151-153 (Eps #166-168). Insular San Francisco includes several islands in the San Francisco Bay and the Golden Gate Strait, notably Alcatraz, Treasure Island, and the Farallon Islands 27 miles offshore in the Pacific Ocean and also most of the privately owned Red Rock Island near the Richmond-San Rafael Bridge. Vol. A consolidated city-county, mainland San Francisco is located on the tip of the San Francisco Peninsula. 51 Perfect Cell - Unstoppable Eps #147-150 (Eps #162-165). state of California. Vol. The City and County of San Francisco (2004 estimated population 744,230) is the fourth-largest city in the U.S. 50 Perfect Cell - Perfection Eps #144-146 (Eps #159-161). URL accessed on January 29, 2006.. 48 Perfect Cell - Hunt for 18 Eps #138-140 (Eps #153-155). Population Density, 2000 Census. Vol. Lounge U.S. 47 Imperfect Cell - 17's End Eps #134-137 (Eps #149-152). ^ G.I.S. Vol. URL accessed on January 29, 2006.. 46 Imperfect Cell - Race Against Time Eps #131-133 (Eps #146-148). Bureau of the Census, Washington, D.C., June 1998. Vol. ^ POPULATION OF THE 100 LARGEST CITIES AND OTHER URBAN PLACES IN THE UNITED STATES: 1790 TO 1990 U.S. 45 Imperfect Cell - Discovery Eps #128-130 (Eps #143-145). URL accessed on January 28, 2006.. Vol. ^ San Francisco Historical Snowfall. 44 Imperfect Cell - Encounter Eps #125-127 (Eps #140-142). San Francisco is never referred to locally as "Frisco", a term that marks the outsider as unlikely to be from a western state. Vol. Outsiders in the region refer to it as "The City", while natives sometimes refer to it as a town, as in "Are you in Town?". 43 Androids - Invincible Eps #121-124 (Eps #137-139). Other nicknames include "Baghdad by the Bay", coined by columnist Herb Cain, and "The City that Knows How". Vol. Each of these streets runs through a tunnel under a hill (Nob Hill and Russian Hill respectively), but formerly went over the hill. 42 Androids - Assassins Eps #118-120 (Eps #133-136). Two streets in San Francisco – Stockton Street and Broadway – have two sets of sidewalks. Vol. The Golden Grain Company's popular Rice-A-Roni brand mentions the city in its slogan "The San Francisco Treat," both in its advertisements and on packaging of the product. Gero Eps #115-117 (Eps #130-134). In 2002, San Francisco had as many homeless people as the city of New York even though it has one-tenth of its population, and the number of people who died on the streets was twice that of the entire state of Florida. 41 Androids - Dr. The first reinforced concrete bridge in America, the Lake Alvord Bridge, was constructed in Golden Gate Park in 1889. Vol. Later in his life, he recanted that vow, although he died before he was able to make the voyage. 40 Androids - Invasion Eps #111-114 (Eps #126-129). Opera Tenor Enrico Caruso who was in town during the 1906 Earthquake & fire swore to never return to San Francisco. Vol. Stanford University located 33 miles south of the city in Palo Alto, California. 39 Trunks - Prelude to Terror Eps # 106-110) (Eps #121-125). University of California, Berkeley located 12 miles east across the bay in Berkeley, California. Vol. Alliant International University, headquartered across from Pier 39 following the merger of the California School of Professional Psychology and United States International University. 38 Trunks - Mysterious Youth Eps # 103-105) (Eps #118-120). San Francisco School of Digital Filmmaking. Vol. Academy of Art University. - Vanquished Eps #99-102 (Eps #114-117). California College of the Arts undergraduate programs in architecture and design, and graduate programs located in Potrero Hill. 37 Garlic Jr. California Culinary Academy Le Cordon Bleu program located in the Tenderloin. Vol. New College of California located in the Mission District. - Sacred Water Eps #96-98 (Eps #111-113). California Institute of Integral Studies in several locations. 36 Garlic Jr. Golden Gate University, a business and law school located downtown. Vol. The Jesuit-run University of San Francisco, one of the first universities established west of the Mississippi, located in the center of the city. - Black Water Mist Eps #93-95 (Eps #108-110). Dugoni School of Dentistry, [5]. 35 Garlic Jr. The University of the Pacific Arthur A. Vol. City College of San Francisco, one of the largest community colleges in the country is located in the Ingleside, with several extension campuses. 34 Frieza - Namek's End Eps #90-92 (Eps #105-107). University of California, Hastings College of the Law located downtown at its Civic Center. Vol. San Francisco State University located in the southwest corner of the city near Lake Merced. 33 Frieza - Fall of a Tyrant Eps #86-89 (Eps #101-104). University of California, San Francisco, primarily a graduate level health-sciences school, located north of Forest Hill. Vol. 32 Frieza - Eleventh Hour Eps #82-85 (Eps #97-100). Vol. 31 Frieza - Super Saiyan Goku Eps #79-81 (Eps #94-96). Vol. 30 Frieza - Desperation Eps #76-78 (Eps #91-93). Vol. 29 Frieza - Clash Eps #73-75 (Eps #88-90). Vol. 28 Frieza - Death of a Prince Eps #70-72 (Eps #85-87). Vol. 27 Frieza - Revealed Eps #67-69) (Eps #82-84). Vol. 26 Frieza - Transformation Eps #64-66 + Bonus Episode (Eps #78-81). Vol. 25 Frieza - The Summoning Eps #61-63 (Eps #75-77). Vol. 24 Captain Ginyu - Double Cross Eps #57-60) (Eps #71-74). Vol. 23 Captain Ginyu - Assault Eps #54-56 (Eps #68-70). Vol. 22 Namek - (Not yet released, coming ?????) Eps #64-67. Vol. 21 Namek - (Not yet released, coming ?????) Eps #61-63. Vol. 20 Namek - (Not yet released, coming ?????) Eps #58-60. Vol. 19 Namek - (Not yet released, coming ?????) Eps #54-57. Vol. 18 Namek - (Not yet released, coming ?????) Eps #51-53. Vol. 16 Namek - (Not yet released, coming ?????) Eps #48-50. Vol. 15 Namek - (Not yet released, coming ?????) Eps #45-47. Vol. 14 Namek - (Not yet released, coming ?????) Eps #42-44. Vol. 13 Namek - (Not yet released, coming ?????) Eps #39-41. Vol. 12 Namek - (Not yet released, coming ?????) Eps #36-38. Vol. 11 Vegeta Saga 2: ????? (Not yet released, coming ????? Eps #32-35. Vol. 10 Vegeta Saga 2: ????? (Not yet released, coming ????? Eps #28-31. Vol. 9 Vegeta Saga 2: Ultimate Sacrifice (Not yet released, coming 5/16/2006) Eps #25-27. Vol. 8 Vegeta Saga 2: Saiyan Invasion (Not yet released, coming 3/21/2006) Eps #22-24. Vol. 7 Vegeta Saga 1: Back From the Dead Eps #19-21. Vol. 6 Vegeta Saga 1: Doomed Heroes Eps #16-18. Vol. 5 Vegeta Saga 1: Goku Held Hostage Eps #13-15. Vol. 4 Vegeta Saga 1: Gohan's Trials Eps #10-12. Vol. 3 Vegeta Saga 1: Into the Wild Eps #7-9. Vol. 2 Vegeta Saga 1: Piccolo's Plan Eps #4-6. Vol. 1 Vegeta Saga 1: Saiyan Showdown Eps #1-3. Vol. The Plan to Eradicate the Saiyans (Video game footage). The History of Trunks. Bardock - The Father of Goku. Resistance to Despair!! The Remaining Super-Warriors, Gohan and Trunks. A Lonesome, Final Battle: The Father of Z-Warrior Kakarrot, who Challenged Freeza. Dragonfist Explosion (FUNimation Title Unknown). Fusion Rebirth. Bio-Broly. Broly: The Second Coming. Bojack Unbound. Broly: The Legendary Super Saiyan. Super Android 13!. Return of Cooler. Cooler's Revenge. Lord Slug. The Tree of Might. The World's Strongest. Dead Zone. Dragon Fist Explosion!! If Gokū Won't Do It, Who Will?. Fusion Reborn!! Gokū and Vegeta. Super-Warrior Defeat!! I'm the One who'll Win. The Dangerous Duo! Super-Warriors Can't Rest. The Galaxy at the Brink!! The Super Incredible Guy. Burn Up!! A Close, Intense, Super-Fierce Battle. Extreme Battle!! The Three Great Super Saiyans. Clash!! 10,000,000,000 Powerful Warriors. Mightiest. The Incredible Mightiest vs. Super Saiyan Son Gokū. Super Deciding Battle for the Entire Planet Earth. The World's Strongest Guy. Return my Gohan!!. The Kid Buu Saga (Episodes 275~290). The Fusion Saga (Episodes 253~274). The Majin Buu Saga (Episodes 231~252). The Babidi Saga (Episodes 219~230). The World Tournament Saga (Episodes 209~218). The Great Saiyaman Saga (Episodes 194~208). The Cell Games Saga (Episodes 165~193). The Perfect Cell Saga (Episodes 152~164). The Imperfect Cell Saga (Episodes 139~151). The Androids Saga (Episodes 125~138). The Trunks Saga (Episodes 117~124). The Garlic Junior Saga (Episodes 107~116). The Frieza Saga (Episodes 75~106). The Captain Ginyu Saga (Episodes 68~74). The Namek Saga. The Vegeta Saga (Formerly known as the Saiyan Saga). Majin-Buu Saga (Episodes 200~291); 30 June 1993 - 31 January 1996. Cell Saga (Episodes 126~199); 5 February 1992 - 23 June 1993. Freeza Saga (Episodes 36~125); 14 February 1990 - 29 January 1992. Saiyan Saga (Episodes 1~35); 26 April 1989 - 7 February 1990. |